Cong X, Wang X, Sun X
… +4 more, Zhang Y, Chen X, Li Y, Feng C
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42172815
·
Publisher ↗
Diatoms have been shown to share approximately 40 % average genomic identity with distantly related heterokonts, indicating their potential to acquire exogenous genes in natural environments. Based on this characteristic...Diatoms have been shown to share approximately 40 % average genomic identity with distantly related heterokonts, indicating their potential to acquire exogenous genes in natural environments. Based on this characteristic, we previously employed diatom biosilica (DBs) for lysis-free extraction of pathogenic bacterial DNA within 3 min. This capability was hypothesized to arise from the induction of bacterial membrane vesicle (BMV) formation and subsequent DNA release, mediated by the generation of interfacial reactive oxygen species (ROS). To gain a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism underlying rapid interfacial ROS generation, we modified DBs by depositing cerium and calcium onto their surfaces to form corresponding metal oxides. These modifications conferred distinct electron-withdrawing properties to DBs, enabling regulation of electron transfer at the DBs-water interface and modulating the extent of interfacial ROS production. Cerium deposited DBs (Ce-DBs), the one with higher reduction potentials, generated significantly greater level of interfacial ROS and induced a more pronounced formation of BMVs, with increases of 610.69 % and 23.08 % (protein concentration of BMVs), respectively, compared with the pristine DBs. These findings were further corroborated by assessments of bacterial oxidative stress through analysis of relative gene expression levels and transcriptomic profiles, supporting the critical role of interfacial electron transfer. Furthermore, the enhanced interfacial electron transfers endowed Ce-DBs with superior extraction efficiency, as evidenced by the lowest PCR C values for pathogen detection. Our results elucidate the mechanistic basis of rapid interfacial ROS generation by DBs and its functional significance in DNA extraction and extracellular vesicle formation, highlighting its potential for important clinical applications.
Yang X, Lei F, He X
… +10 more, Wu M, Liu Y, Li Q, Tan X, Ding K, Zhao T, Liu Z, Yu X, Yu H, Li C
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42167057
·
Publisher ↗
Elevated concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the atherosclerotic microenvironment initiate positive feedback loops involving inflammatory mediators, consequently triggering an inflammatory storm betwee...Elevated concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the atherosclerotic microenvironment initiate positive feedback loops involving inflammatory mediators, consequently triggering an inflammatory storm between endothelial cells and macrophages. Currently, the treatment of atherosclerosis (AS) mainly focuses on removing lipids, without effective anti-inflammatory and antioxidant therapies. AgNPs with anti-inflammatory and ROS-scavenging functions demonstrate promising therapeutic effects against inflammation. Here, given the acidic microenvironment and inflammatory characteristics of the disease, we proposed a drug-free, engineered hybrid exosome platform (Lipo/exo-AgNPs) by fusing pH-sensitive liposomes with M2-type macrophage-derived exosomes (M2-exo) to encapsulate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Leveraging the messenger functions and inflammatory homing properties of M2-exo, Lipo/exo-AgNPs can maintain stable circulation in the blood and specifically target damaged endothelial cells and inflammatory macrophages within plaques. In vitro studies demonstrated that Lipo/exo-AgNPs exhibited enhanced uptake efficiency in both damaged endothelial cells and inflammatory macrophages. In ApoE mouse model, treatment with the preparation significantly attenuated atherosclerotic plaque deposition and suppressed inflammatory responses. In conclusion, Lipo/exo-AgNPs effectively addressed the insufficient targeting specificity of traditional exosome delivery systems. Moreover, Lipo/exo-AgNPs not only enabled intelligent, controlled, and responsive drug delivery, but also elevated atherosclerosis treatment from a simple lipid-lowering strategy to a new level of microenvironment remodeling through a "triple synergistic enhancement" mechanism involving inflammation targeting-endothelial repair-phenotype reprogramming.
Cheng F, Li Y, Lv J
… +5 more, Wang N, Fei F, Yang Y, Qin J, Wu X
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42167056
·
Publisher ↗
Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent chronic ocular disorder characterized by tear film instability and oxidative stress. Herein, a Hes-CeO₂@PVP/P188 nanoparticle system co-loaded with the natural flavonoid hesperetin (H...Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent chronic ocular disorder characterized by tear film instability and oxidative stress. Herein, a Hes-CeO₂@PVP/P188 nanoparticle system co-loaded with the natural flavonoid hesperetin (Hes) and cerium oxide nanozyme (CeO₂) was developed to achieve synergistic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, thereby effectively alleviating DED. The nanoparticles exhibited good aqueous solubility and biocompatibility. In vitro assays demonstrated that Hes-CeO₂@PVP/P188 can effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), protect cells from H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage, promote wound healing, and preserve mitochondrial membrane potential. In a benzalkonium chloride-induced murine model of DED, the Hes-CeO₂@PVP/P188 nanoparticles significantly reduced corneal epithelial defects, enhanced tear secretion, alleviated inflammatory infiltration, downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (including TNF-α, iNOS, and MMP-9), and upregulated the expression of antioxidant markers (including HO-1 and SOD). The nanoparticles suppressed the TNF-α-iNOS-MMP-9 cascade and effectively broke the pathological vicious cycle of DED. Importantly, the therapeutic efficacy was comparable or superior to that of commercial 0.05% cyclosporine A eye drops in certain indicators. The Hes-CeO₂@PVP/P188 nanoparticles represented a promising dual-functional nanotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of DED.
Paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (μPADs) have found extensive application in rapid and sensitive biomarker detection, owing to their cost-effectiveness, minimal sample consumption, and portability. The analyti...Paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (μPADs) have found extensive application in rapid and sensitive biomarker detection, owing to their cost-effectiveness, minimal sample consumption, and portability. The analytical sensitivity of μPADs fundamentally depends on the interfacial performance of integrated detection modules within microfluidic systems, which arises from surface physicochemical phenomena at the critical interface between analytes and the sensing substrate. Consequently, the strategic design and structural optimization of recognition interfaces emerge as pivotal considerations in advancing high-sensitivity detection systems for biomarkers. However, the instability of paper-based interface modifications and the complexity associated with high-precision design and manufacturing of microchannel structures have hindered significant improvement in the interface sensitivity of paper-based microfluidic chip detectors. To systematically construct high-performance paper-based microfluidic chips from the perspective of interfacial structural design and elucidate the associated performance enhancement mechanisms, this review evaluates cutting-edge developments in enhancing μPADs sensitivity through interface engineering strategies. It provides a systematic appraisal of their deployment in biomarkers detection. We systematically analyze methods for constructing multi-scale-functionalized detection interfaces using multidimensional materials and discuss the detection mechanisms of interface-engineered detectors. The analysis further delineates emergent challenges and unexplored opportunities in interfacial engineering for μPADs. These rationally designed interfacial architectures demonstrate significant potential for transforming operational frameworks in field-deployable, ultrasensitive biomarker detection.
García-Simarro MP, Genicio N, Bañobre-López M
… +8 more, Gallo J, Baselga L, Martinez-Gonzalez L, Llaneza Z, Albasanz JL, Martín M, Martínez A, Niza E
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42160963
·
Publisher ↗
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) remains a therapeutic challenge due to the lack of disease-modifying treatments and the limited brain bioavailability of potential drugs. Neflamapimod (NEFLA), a p38α MAPK inhibitor is one...Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) remains a therapeutic challenge due to the lack of disease-modifying treatments and the limited brain bioavailability of potential drugs. Neflamapimod (NEFLA), a p38α MAPK inhibitor is one of the few drugs showing potential in this condition. However, a Phase IIB clinical evaluation has shown formulation problems and it has been shown that NEFLA is affected by P-glycoprotein efflux. In this study, we developed and comparatively evaluated four nanoparticle platforms-PLGA, dendritic mesoporous silica (dMSNPs), solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs), and invasomes (INV)-to optimize NEFLA delivery. Physicochemical characterization revealed highly homogeneous systems (PDI ≤ 0.2), where SLNPs achieved the highest encapsulation efficiency (89%) and dMSNPs showed superior drug loading (65%). PAMPA assays confirmed that BBB penetration was exclusively achieved by INV-NEFLA and the NPLGA-NEFLA gold standard. INV-NEFLA exhibited superior bioactivity compared to the free drug, inducing morphological ramification in SH-SY5Y and U87-MG cell lines. Most importantly, INV-NEFLA ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction in DLB patient-derived lymphoblasts by upregulating both oxygen consumption rates and glycolytic reserves. Consequently, INV-mediated nanoencapsulation emerges as a potent delivery system for NEFLA, potentially optimizing therapeutic outcomes in DLB through enhanced efficacy and versatile delivery pathway.
Lian D, Li H, Han S
… +10 more, Huang T, Zhang H, Fang Y, Li S, Li H, Zhang Y, Li Y, Yang X, Ren J, Wu Z
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42155299
·
Publisher ↗
Acoustic patterning provides a non-contact and label-free strategy for organizing colloidal scale particles and living cells while preserving biological activity, showing strong potential for biofabrication and engineere...Acoustic patterning provides a non-contact and label-free strategy for organizing colloidal scale particles and living cells while preserving biological activity, showing strong potential for biofabrication and engineered microtissue construction. However, a comprehensive understanding of how acoustic parameters, device architecture and sample properties collectively influence the patterning outcomes remains limited. In this work, a controllable acoustic patterning platform was established to investigate particle organization driven by standing surface acoustic waves (SSAWs). The study systematically examines how acoustic frequency, input power, channel height and the pattern window affect particle aggregation time and three-dimensional spatial distributions. The results reveal clear regulatory mechanisms that enable precise and reproducible control of the acoustic patterning behavior. In addition, temperature monitoring further defines a safe operating range, ensuring optimal biocompatibility. Building on this mechanistic understanding, an open-type acoustic tweezer system was developed to achieve rapid and orderly patterning of myoblasts (C2C12) and fibroblasts (NIH/3T3) within a hydrogel matrix under optimized acoustic conditions. Compared with untreated controls, acoustically patterned cells exhibited enhanced alignment and upregulated expression of myogenic genes. This study provides a quantitative parameter mapping and practical design framework for acoustic assembly of particle and cell systems at the colloidal scale, supporting reproducible interface guided biofabrication.
Zhang S, Fang M, Zheng J
… +4 more, Zhou L, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Hu J
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42155298
·
Publisher ↗
Nanobubbles (NBs) exhibit unique physicochemical properties with significant promise for biomedical applications. Current strategies rely on ex situ preparation of NBs-containing media followed by introducing them into o...Nanobubbles (NBs) exhibit unique physicochemical properties with significant promise for biomedical applications. Current strategies rely on ex situ preparation of NBs-containing media followed by introducing them into organisms, which imposes limitations including special storage requirements, reduced NB concentration, and limited in vivo targeting. In principle, in situ NBs generation offers a more efficient approach to harnessing their functional properties. Here, we investigated whether NBs could be generated in situ within cells and evaluated preliminarily their biological effects. Intracellular O-NBs in a cell model were generated via a compression-decompression method and directly visualized by synchrotron-based scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) in a cryogenic mode. The effects of NBs on cell viability, proliferation, and overall cellular oxidative activity were explored, which indicates that the composition and the gas-liquid interface of NBs can affect cell metabolism. These findings provide a unique strategy for modulating the cellular microenvironment to achieve biological effects and potential therapeutic outcomes through NB generation by purely physical means.
Meng X, Zhang Y, Cui Y
… +7 more, Zhang Y, Guo H, Yi P, Xu F, Xiao J, Zhang G, Tian G
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42150517
·
Publisher ↗
Cuproptosis as a form of copper ions regulated cell death offers a new direction in lung cancer treatment. However, the metabolic reprogramming and tumor microenvironment significantly decreased the sensitivity of tumor...Cuproptosis as a form of copper ions regulated cell death offers a new direction in lung cancer treatment. However, the metabolic reprogramming and tumor microenvironment significantly decreased the sensitivity of tumor cells to cuproptosis. In this study, a PDGF receptor-β-targeted copper-zinc nanozyme (LpCZN-DOX) was developed to induce tumor cuproptosis and chemotherapy via PDGFR-β-recognizing cyclic peptide (PDGFB) cyclopeptide labeled liposome encapsulating copper-zinc-based nanozyme (CZN) and doxorubicin (DOX). Upon strong affinity of PDGFB with tumor cell membrane, the LpCZN-DOX actively recognized tumor cells and quickly entered into tumor cells. Next, due to the weakly acidic tumor microenvironment, LpCZN-DOX released massive DOX and Cu/Zn ions. The Cu/Zn ions catalyzed intracellular HO into massive ·OH, meanwhile induced GSH exhaustion, enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated cell death. In addition, excessive Cu ions also triggered cuproptosis and then synergized the DOX-mediated chemotherapy to enhance anti-tumor activity. Notably, LpCZN-DOX-mediated GSH depletion and glycolysis inhibition significantly amplified cuproptosis by avoiding the inactivation of Cu ions, which strengthened the anticancer ability of LpCZN-DOX. The in vivo experiment results confirmed excellent antitumor effect of the LpCZN-DOX. Therefore, the development of LpCZN-DOX will provide a novel strategy for achieving precise therapy in lung cancer.
Zhu S, Zou Y, Zhang X
… +8 more, Rajalakshmi K, Selvaraj M, Zhu D, Shahana MF, Revin SB, Idrish K, Wu S, Liu H
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42150516
·
Publisher ↗
A novel ketothiophene derivative, (4-ethoxyphenylamino)-(4-methylphenylamino)thiazol-5-yl)thiophene-2-yl-methanone was successfully synthesized and structurally characterized using FT-IR, C NMR spectroscopy and density f...A novel ketothiophene derivative, (4-ethoxyphenylamino)-(4-methylphenylamino)thiazol-5-yl)thiophene-2-yl-methanone was successfully synthesized and structurally characterized using FT-IR, C NMR spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed key absorption peaks at 3444 cm⁻¹ (N-H), 1674 cm⁻¹ (CO), 1315 cm⁻¹ (C-N), 1233 cm⁻¹ and 586 cm⁻¹ (C-S-C) confirming the presence of secondary amine, conjugated carbonyl, arylamine and thiazole functionalities in the compound. The synthesized compound was confirmed by ¹ ³C NMR spectroscopy, showing 19 signals accounting for 23 carbon atoms. Theoretical structural optimization and vibrational spectral interpretation were carried out using the B3LYP/6-311G method in the Gaussian '09 program. The DFT-calculated HOMO-LUMO gap (0.122 a.u.) indicated favorable charge transfer characteristics. Also, an EMTTM-doped titanium dioxide nanocomposite (EMTTM-d-TiO NC) was synthesized via the sol-gel route to explore its photocatalytic potential. XRD confirmed the anatase crystalline phase, while SEM revealed reduced particle size (∼70 nm) and enhanced dispersion after EMTTM doping. EDAX analysis further confirmed the incorporation of sulfur, nitrogen, and carbon into the TiO₂ matrix. The photocatalytic activity of EMTTM-d-TiO₂ NC under solar irradiation achieved 90% methylene blue (MB) degradation within 40 min significantly higher than 60% for pristine TiO₂ following pseudo-first-order kinetics (k = 0.032 min⁻¹ vs. 0.018 min⁻¹). The composite also retained > 90% activity after five reuse cycles, indicating excellent durability. Furthermore, EMTTM-d-TiO₂ NC displayed potent anticancer activity against PANC-1 pancreatic cells with an IC₅₀ value of 40.03 μg mL⁻¹ attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated oxidative stress. The dual photocatalytic and anticancer performance highlights the potential of EMTTM-d-TiO₂ NC as a multifunctional material for environmental and biomedical applications.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42150515
·
Publisher ↗
Ischemic stroke remains a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide, with limited therapeutic options due to narrow treatment windows and severe ischemia reperfusion injury. The excessive generation of re...Ischemic stroke remains a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide, with limited therapeutic options due to narrow treatment windows and severe ischemia reperfusion injury. The excessive generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species plays a central role in driving oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, and blood-brain barrier disruption, making redox regulation a promising therapeutic strategy. Nanozymes, a class of nanomaterials with enzyme like catalytic activity, have recently emerged as a versatile platform for stroke therapy owing to their superior stability, tunable catalytic properties, and amenability to functional design. Beyond conventional antioxidant scavenging, recent advances have enabled nanozymes to achieve targeted delivery, microenvironment responsiveness, and subcellular localization, thereby allowing more precise intervention within the neurovascular unit. In this review, we summarize the classification and catalytic mechanisms of nanozymes, highlight emerging design strategies for enhanced brain delivery and therapeutic efficacy, and discuss key challenges associated with biosafety and clinical translation. Collectively, nanozymes represent a promising direction toward catalytic and precision-based therapeutics for ischemic stroke.
Chen S, Zhang Y, Fu L
… +4 more, Wang H, Zhang C, Yue X, Zhang Z
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42150514
·
Publisher ↗
Although microsphere materials can fill complex wounds, the presence of the water barrier at the interface results in insufficient biological adhesion and easy detachment. Additionally, photosensitive molecules require s...Although microsphere materials can fill complex wounds, the presence of the water barrier at the interface results in insufficient biological adhesion and easy detachment. Additionally, photosensitive molecules require special protection to avoid oxidation deactivation or toxicity. Here, inspired by the mussel adhesion mechanism and the photo-protective function of melanin, we constructed a composite RA@lipo-GelMA/PDA microsphere system loaded with the drug retinoic acid through hierarchical functional design. Liposome encapsulation reduced the local irritation caused by retinoic acid, while the three-dimensional GelMA network provided a stable drug-loading environment, enabling controlled, sustained release and avoiding sudden effects. PDA-modified layer self-assembled on the microsphere surface, endowing the microspheres with excellent wet adhesion properties. The PDA polymer exhibited a macroscopically black appearance and effectively absorbed ultraviolet and visible light across the critical wavelength range necessary for retinal photodegradation. In vitro and in vivo experiments have validated the biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory properties and wound-healing efficacy of this system. By synergistically modulating the inflammatory microenvironment at the wound site and promoting tissue regeneration, we established a novel approach for the efficient delivery and protection of photosensitizing drugs to facilitate wound repair.
Cao Y, Bi X, Tian Y
… +10 more, Zhao M, Wang H, Zhu Y, Yan X, Wu T, Su Y, Ji M, Yin T, Zhao J, Zhang Y
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42150513
·
Publisher ↗
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a highly prevalent hair loss disorder, and finasteride (FIN) is one of the two drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treating AGA. The clinical use of finasteride for AGA i...Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a highly prevalent hair loss disorder, and finasteride (FIN) is one of the two drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treating AGA. The clinical use of finasteride for AGA is limited by its poor solubility and systemic adverse effects. To address the limitations of finasteride, we developed a drug delivery system using ginger-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (GELNs). These nanoparticles were loaded with finasteride and integrated into a thermosensitive gel (FIN@GELNs-Gel) to enhance transdermal absorption. In vitro results demonstrated that the formulation promoted cell migration and angiogenesis, indicating its potential to improve the hair follicle microenvironment. In vivo study on AGA mouse models showed a significant reduction in dihydrotestosterone levels in both the skin and serum. Furthermore, the treatment upregulated VEGF and Ki67 expression, accelerated the telogen-to-anagen transition effectively, all without inducing histopathological abnormalities in major organs. These results collectively demonstrate that FIN@GELNs-Gel significantly enhances the therapeutic efficacy and biosafety of finasteride, showing promising potential as an effective topical treatment for AGA.
Wang Q, Zhu Y, Gong W
… +10 more, Huang Z, Qiu Y, Chen X, Yang Y, Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Kou L, Chen R, Duan B, Yao Q
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42143912
·
Publisher ↗
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a rapidly progressing abdominal inflammatory disease associated with high morbidity and mortality, yet current pharmacological interventions remain limited and largely palliative. Herein, we de...Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a rapidly progressing abdominal inflammatory disease associated with high morbidity and mortality, yet current pharmacological interventions remain limited and largely palliative. Herein, we developed a biomimetic, trypsin-responsive nanoparticle system (ФNM@BRZ) for targeted bilirubin delivery and multi-mechanistic therapeutic intervention in AP. The system comprises zein-based nanoparticles loaded with bilirubin and camouflaged with neutrophil membranes to enable inflammation-specific targeting via chemotactic mimicry. Upon reaching the inflamed pancreas, the overexpressed trypsin degrades the zein matrix, triggering site-specific release of bilirubin while concurrently suppressing protease activity by consuming trypsin. The trypsin-responsive nature of the formulation was supported by structural alteration of the nanoparticles within 1 h under a defined trypsin-rich condition, together with sustained bilirubin release over 72 h. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that ФNM@BRZ exerted potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, effectively preserving islet integrity and function. These findings suggest that ФNM@BRZ represents a promising multifunctional nanotherapeutic platform for improving treatment outcomes in acute pancreatitis.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42143911
·
Publisher ↗
Fibrinogen adsorption conditions the biological responds to implantable medical devices; however, this effect is surface chemistry dependent and associated mechanism is unclear. Here, it is shown that fibrinogen self-ass...Fibrinogen adsorption conditions the biological responds to implantable medical devices; however, this effect is surface chemistry dependent and associated mechanism is unclear. Here, it is shown that fibrinogen self-assembly distinctively on doped titanium because of its different binding sites to calcium ions and immobilized silver nanoparticles. Calcium doping and silver-calcium co-doping are applied on pure titanium by plasma technology, and their effects on fibrinogen adsorption are detailed by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), dye-assisted scanning electron microscopy (d-SEM), and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). It demonstrates that calcium-doping induces mesh-like fibrinogen assembly via calcium ion mediated conformational activation, particularly chelating with the histidine and carboxylate residues of the Bβ chain segment Gly-His-Arg-Pro (β15-β18). Conversely, silver addition disrupts calcium chelation by preferentially coordinating with cysteine thiol groups in Aα chain (Aα 161-165), and produces a dense fibrinogen layer on titanium. Since fibrinogen adsorption is a native action during medical device placement, the present study provides new insights into advancing surface modification of implantable biomaterials to orchestrate tissue integration at the protein and cellular levels.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42143910
·
Publisher ↗
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype with highly complex tumor immune microenvironment. So far, chemotherapy is the effective treatment for TNBC, which ameliorated the patient...Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype with highly complex tumor immune microenvironment. So far, chemotherapy is the effective treatment for TNBC, which ameliorated the patients' outcomes. However, treatment of advanced stage disease remains challenging. In recent years, marked progress in the area of TNBC immunomodulation has been achieved and put forth as effective approach. Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) play a major role in immunomodulation and possess dual roles as pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic. In this review, a comprehensive discussion on the potential role of reprogramming the TAMs phenotype towards anti-tumorigenic is provided. Further, an account of repurposed drug as a TAM modulator is included to modulate polarized states of TAMs in TNBC to maximize the immunotherapeutic efficacy. Additionally, various nanocarrier based strategies are discussed to improve the treatment outcome of the TAM modulator's response and specific targeting to pro-tumorigenic phenotype of TAMs for improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Grasping the intricacy of TAMs reprogramming and tapping into innovative drug delivery strategies could makes a difference in advancing options and ultimately improving outcomes for patients with TNBC.
Wei J, Su H, Mao Y
… +9 more, Qian X, Yang M, Xia C, Han P, Xie L, Wang Z, Huang X, Wu C, Huang Y
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42143909
·
Publisher ↗
Titanium implants frequently face challenges such as postoperative infection, inflammation, oxidative stress, and inadequate osseointegration, which limit their clinical restorative efficacy. To overcome these limitation...Titanium implants frequently face challenges such as postoperative infection, inflammation, oxidative stress, and inadequate osseointegration, which limit their clinical restorative efficacy. To overcome these limitations, this study constructed an intermediate TN-PC@Eu layer on TiO nanorods via coordination between proanthocyanidins (PC) and Eu , followed by the formation of a composite TN-PC@Eu/LF coating through lactoferrin (LF) phase transition. The resulting coating exhibited pH-responsive release in an infectious microenvironment, enabling the on-demand delivery of PC, Eu, and LF. In vitro experiments demonstrated that TN-PC@Eu/LF possessed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, effectively scavenged ROS to alleviate oxidative stress, and promoted macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype while downregulating pro-inflammatory factors. Furthermore, the coating directly enhanced osteogenesis by upregulating osteogenic genes and proteins and improved angiogenesis by promoting endothelial tube formation and vascular-related gene expression. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that osteogenesis was jointly promoted through the modulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism pathways. In rat models of subcutaneous infection and femoral defect, the coating significantly exerted antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, pro-angiogenic, and pro-osteointegrative effects. This study provided a novel strategy for designing functionally integrated coatings with intelligent responsiveness and joint regulatory capacity.
Sun Z, Li W, Wang X
… +4 more, Wu H, Wang X, Shen Y, Zhou D
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42143908
·
Publisher ↗
Currently, the development of multifunctional scaffolds that synergistically promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis remains a significant challenge in bone tissue engineering. It is increasingly recognized that scaffolds...Currently, the development of multifunctional scaffolds that synergistically promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis remains a significant challenge in bone tissue engineering. It is increasingly recognized that scaffolds composed of a single material or possessing a single function are often inadequate, as they fail to mimic the complex biochemical and physical microenvironments. In this study, we successfully fabricated a submicro/nanofibrous membrane using electrospinning technology, which creates a biomimetic extracellular environment through a polycaprolactone (PCL) / gelatin (GEL) matrix. The incorporation of attapulgite (ATT) supplies essential osteogenic ions, while γ-iron oxide (γ-Fe₂O₃) facilitates mesenchymal cell differentiation and imparts magnetic responsiveness. Co-culturing the membranes with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) revealed that the membranes possessed strong biocompatibility and promoted osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis. Both in vivo and in vitro studies suggested the involvement of the BMP2-Smad‑RUNX‑2 signaling axis in the effects of the PG/ATT/γ‑Fe₂O₃ scaffold, which also upregulated osteogenesis‑related gene expression under a magnetic field. This work offers new insights and provides a scientific foundation for advancing the use of functionalized nanomaterials in the field of bone tissue engineering.
Sun Y, Zhang G, Geng X
… +5 more, Liu X, Liu K, Liu Y, Shi Y, Zhao L
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42143907
·
Publisher ↗
Ischemic stroke (IS) remains a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide, largely due to difficulty in drug delivery to ischemic sites and complex pathophysiological mechanisms involving multiple cells. In this s...Ischemic stroke (IS) remains a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide, largely due to difficulty in drug delivery to ischemic sites and complex pathophysiological mechanisms involving multiple cells. In this study, we developed a biomimetic nanodecoy by coating ultra-small copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) with M2 macrophage membrane (M2MPM) and platelet membranes (PLM), forming CuNPs@[PLM-M2MPM]NVs engineered to improve the treatment of IS. CuNPs@[PLM-M2MPM]NVs achieved targeting to the infarcted region via mimicking of natural platelet adhesion and inflammation-homing effects, allowing CuNPs to migrate toward and accumulate in inflamed ischemic brain regions. In the meantime, CuNPs@[PLM-M2MPM]NVs effectively scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS) leveraging multi-enzyme cascade activities of CuNPs. Furthermore, CuNPs@[PLM-M2MPM]NVs neutralized free pro-inflammatory cytokines by means of the unique binding properties of M2MPM, creating the anti-inflammatory microenvironment. In vivo findings revealed that CuNPs@[PLM-M2MPM]NVs markedly alleviated IS induced injury in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion (MCAO/R) model.
Zhang S, Chen Y, Zhong H
… +4 more, Mi H, Dong W, Zhang D, Chen Z
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
· 2026 May · PMID 42142474
·
Publisher ↗
Uveal melanoma (UM) is an intraocular malignancy in adults that is highly invasive, prone to early metastasis and carries a poor prognosis. Irradiation remains a central part of treatment for UM, but resistance to therap...Uveal melanoma (UM) is an intraocular malignancy in adults that is highly invasive, prone to early metastasis and carries a poor prognosis. Irradiation remains a central part of treatment for UM, but resistance to therapy often limits efficacy and contributes to persistently low overall survival. To address these challenges, we developed a folate (FA)-functionalized liposome that co-delivers the photothermal agent IR-1061 and the ferroptosis inducer RSL3 (I/R@FA-Lipo) for targeted, synergistic photothermal therapy (PTT) and ferroptosis. Upon near-infrared laser irradiation, we found that I/R@FA-Lipo generates localized hyperthermia and simultaneously catalyzes reactive oxygen species production. This triggers lipid peroxidation and glutathione depletion, robustly enhancing ferroptosis by released RSL3. Notably, ferroptosis-mediated suppression of heat shock proteins overcomes PTT-trigger thermotolerance of tumors, thereby enhancing PTT efficacy and significantly suppressed UM growth with minimal adverse effects. RNA sequencing confirmed that I/R@FA-Lipo modulates key ferroptosis-associated gene pathways to amplify the antitumor response. This work highlights a targeted nanotherapeutic strategy that integrates PTT with ferroptosis, offering a promising approach to overcome treatment resistance in UM and other refractory cancers.