Gerodontology[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Measuring Dry Mouth in Older People in Residential Care.
Zainuddin FZA, Guan G, Ting GS … +1 more , Thomson WM
Gerodontology · 2026 Mar · PMID 40964697 · Full text
AIMS: To investigate and describe the concordance between salivary flow rates and xerostomia among older dependent adults, describe the association between medication use and dry mouth, and describe the impact of dry mou...
AIMS: To investigate and describe the concordance between salivary flow rates and xerostomia among older dependent adults, describe the association between medication use and dry mouth, and describe the impact of dry mouth on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). METHODS: A clinical examination survey was conducted with 50 older adults residing in residential care facilities in Dunedin, New Zealand. Xerostomia was measured using the five-item Summated Xerostomia Inventory-Dutch Version (SXI-D), and the unstimulated salivary flow rate was also measured. The clinical manifestations of oral dryness were evaluated using the Clinical Oral Dryness Scoring (CODS) scale. Medications were recorded. RESULTS: Participants ranged in age from 65 to 99 years (mean 83.0, SD 9.1). The prevalence of xerostomia was 34.8%, while salivary gland hypofunction (SGH) was present in 26.1%. Only 13.0% of participants had both conditions, and 52.2% had neither. A weak negative correlation was observed between the SXI-D score and salivary flow rate (r = -0.20), while a moderate positive correlation was found between the SXI-D and the CODS scale (r = 0.55). Additionally, the CODS scale showed a moderate negative correlation with the salivary flow rate (r = -0.47). CONCLUSION: Dry mouth is common among older adults in residential care, but the relationship between its signs and symptoms is complex. Salivary hypofunction data alone do not fully capture the experience of oral dryness, emphasising the need for a more comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment.
Clinical Exposure to Visiting Dental Practice Heightens General Ageism in Dental Residents: A Longitudinal Study.
Izumi M, Kubota J, Yoshii S … +1 more , Akifusa S
Gerodontology · 2026 Mar · PMID 40873227 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: While clinical training is considered a key strategy for fostering positive attitudes, the impact of exposure to older patients-particularly in home-visit dentistry-on dental residents' attitudes remains uncle...
OBJECTIVE: While clinical training is considered a key strategy for fostering positive attitudes, the impact of exposure to older patients-particularly in home-visit dentistry-on dental residents' attitudes remains unclear. This study examines the effect of clinical training in home-visit dentistry on ageism in dental residents. METHODS: A longitudinal single-arm pre-post design was employed. The study was conducted at Kyushu Dental University from April 2024 to March 2025. A total of 63 dental residents participated at baseline. Of these, 36 (57.1%) completed all assessments and were included in the final analysis. Participants completed two validated Japanese instruments: the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA) for general ageism and the Ageism Scale for Dental Students (ASDS) for profession-specific ageism. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Participants were categorised by number of home-visit sessions: ≤ 3 or ≥ 4 visits at 6 months, and ≤ 6 or ≥ 7 at 12 months. RESULTS: ASDS scores remained largely stable over a 12-month period (mean difference from baseline to 12 months: +2.0; effect size [ES] = -0.29). In contrast, FSA scores at 6 months (37.0 [23-73], ES = -1.08), and at 12 months (49.0 [25-87], ES = -2.76) were higher than the baseline median of 33.5 [14-42], indicating a very large deterioration in general ageism. FSA scores were even higher among residents with greater exposure to home-visit dentistry. CONCLUSION: General ageism increased during the clinical training period, particularly among residents with greater exposure to home-visit dentistry. In contrast, profession-specific ageism remained largely unchanged.
Oropharyngeal Exercise Intervention for Swallowing Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Hsu TW, Feng MC, Lin C … +2 more , Hung CH, Ko CH
Gerodontology · 2026 Mar · PMID 40833188 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Although swallowing function is crucial for older adults, the effects of oropharyngeal exercise interventions on older adults without stroke or cancer remain uncertain. METHODS: A systematic search of five ma...
BACKGROUND: Although swallowing function is crucial for older adults, the effects of oropharyngeal exercise interventions on older adults without stroke or cancer remain uncertain. METHODS: A systematic search of five major databases was conducted to identify randomised controlled trials involving oropharyngeal exercise interventions conducted on older adults. The primary outcomes investigated were the changes in maximum tongue pressure (MTP) and the results from the repetitive saliva swallowing test (RSST). The secondary outcomes examined were swallowing pressure and oral motor coordination (oral diadochokinesis, DDK). A subgroup analysis was conducted to compare outcomes between dementia and non-dementia populations. Data synthesis was performed by conducting a random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: Eleven randomised controlled trials were included (n = 622). The oropharyngeal exercise intervention groups exhibited greater improvements in MTP (k = 11, standard mean difference [SMD] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.31-1.17) and RSST results (k = 4, SMD = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.28-0.98) than the control group. Positive outcomes were reported in both dementia and non-dementia subgroups. Oropharyngeal exercise interventions also led to increased efficacy for swallowing pressure (k = 4, SMD = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.20-1.22) and oral DDK (k = 3, syllable/pa/, SMD = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.34-1.67; syllable/ta/, SMD = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.02-1.43; syllable/ka/, SMD = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.16-1.42). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested that oropharyngeal exercise intervention is beneficial as a rehabilitative measure for patients with dysphagia and as a preventive measure for healthy older adults.
Applying Digital Technology to a Hollow Palatal Augmentation Prosthesis in an Older Adult Hemiglossectomy Patient: A Case Report.
Li B, Murase M, Yamatani Y … +3 more , Masaki K, Hattori M, Wakabayashi N
Gerodontology · 2025 Sep · PMID 40801069 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To report that digital technology for palatal augmentation prosthesis in older adult hemiglossectomy patients can be fabricated with less burden and effectively improves oral function. BACKGROUND: The palatal...
OBJECTIVE: To report that digital technology for palatal augmentation prosthesis in older adult hemiglossectomy patients can be fabricated with less burden and effectively improves oral function. BACKGROUND: The palatal augmentation prosthesis is a dental prosthesis featuring a thickened palatal plate, designed for patients with significant tongue movement disorders to achieve proper contact between the tongue and the palate. This prosthesis compensates for the impaired tongue function and serves to improve both dysphagia and speech disorders in patients with post-operative oral cancer, cerebrovascular disease and oral frailty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An 81-year-old patient, who had been treated for tongue cancer since theage of 72 and who underwent hemiglossectomy, required palatal augmentation prosthesisreproduction. The existing palatal augmentation prosthesis was scanned and 3D printed. The copied palatal augmentation prosthesis was then adjusted intraorally, scanned again and used to produce a new milled palatal augmentation prosthesis with cast metal clasps. RESULT: The palatal augmentation prosthesis was fabricated in four appointments using a digital workflow, successfully restoring the patient's oral function without any adjustments. An oral hypofunction test was then performed, demonstrating satisfactory recovery. CONCLUSION: Digital technology enables rapid fabrication of palatal augmentation prostheses with reduced patient burden, facilitating the creation of lightweight hollow prostheses that protect remaining teeth while ensuring satisfactory functional recovery.
Effects of Oral Care in Terminal Cancer Patients Shortly Before Death.
Okamoto M, Tanaka H, Tamura S … +4 more , Kanamori D, Yokoi M, Usui M, Yoshida M
Gerodontology · 2026 Mar · PMID 40792422 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the effects of oral care in patients with terminal cancer approaching death. BACKGROUND: Patients with terminal-stage cancer often experience symptoms like oral dryness and candidiasis. Pre...
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the effects of oral care in patients with terminal cancer approaching death. BACKGROUND: Patients with terminal-stage cancer often experience symptoms like oral dryness and candidiasis. Previous studies showed that without professional dental care, oral hygiene significantly worsens within 3 weeks before death. Therefore, oral management is essential for patients with terminal cancer. However, the specific effects of oral hygiene in these patients remain unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty patients were admitted to two palliative care units at our institution between June 2022 and May 2023 and received oral care multiple times before death. Oral hygiene was assessed using the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT), and oral dryness was evaluated with an oral moisture checker. The Face Rating Scale (FRS) was assessed before and after professional oral care. RESULTS: During the week of death, the number of people who were able to speak and follow instructions decreased, while the number who used sedatives and oxygen increased. There was no significant difference in the degree of oral dryness before oral care between the time of hospitalisation and the week of death. However, oral dryness improved significantly after oral care at admission (before: 21.0 ± 8.3, after: 26.7 ± 3.2) and the week of death (before: 16.8 ± 8.4, after: 25.8 ± 3.7). There was no difference in the time taken for oral care or FRS scores at admission and the week of death. CONCLUSION: Continuous oral care in patients with terminal cancer can prevent worsening oral hygiene and maintain moisture.
Using Role Substitution to Improve Oral Health in Care Homes: A Process Evaluation.
Hendry A, Baker SR, McKenna G … +16 more , Tsakos G, Chestnutt I, Smith C, O'Neill C, Jenkins A, Evans R, Syed SS, Harvey M, Karki A, Moons K, Sandom F, Donaldson M, Lappin C, Shepherd K, Morgan L, Brocklehurst PR
Gerodontology · 2026 Mar · PMID 40772570 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The oral health of many older adults residing in care homes is poor and service provision is limited. Role substitution has been suggested as a potential model to improve service provision in this context and...
BACKGROUND: The oral health of many older adults residing in care homes is poor and service provision is limited. Role substitution has been suggested as a potential model to improve service provision in this context and describes the reallocation of tasks from a dentist to other members of the dental team. OBJECTIVES: To undertake a theoretically informed process evaluation alongside a pragmatic cluster-randomised controlled trial to determine whether the use of Dental Therapists and Dental Nurses could improve the oral health of dependent older adults in care homes in the UK. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semistructured interviews were held with 17 key stakeholders responsible for intervention delivery. Parallel observations were utilised during the intervention delivery phase in 22 homes. Both were conducted inductively using the main themes from the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework to focus on intervention delivery and implementation. RESULTS: Stakeholders were receptive to the potential of using role substitution in this setting and saw this as a viable alternative to current practice. Partnership working was considered key, but was not always observed, and some care staff did not see oral health as their responsibility. The physical environment of the care home setting created a number of challenges, and sugary food and drinks were ubiquitous and formed an important part of the day-to-day structure within the home. CONCLUSION: Although role substitution has the potential to meet the needs of dependent older people, a number of challenges exist in promoting oral health and delivering service provision.
Oral Care for Post-Acute Inpatients: Exploring Nurses' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in the Community Hospital Setting.
Tan MWY, Yap AU, Devi M … +1 more , Koh KWB
Gerodontology · 2026 Mar · PMID 40765297 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated nurses' personal oral health behaviours, oral health knowledge, and attitudes and beliefs regarding the oral care of older adult inpatients in a community hospital. It also explored th...
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated nurses' personal oral health behaviours, oral health knowledge, and attitudes and beliefs regarding the oral care of older adult inpatients in a community hospital. It also explored the associations between the type of nursing personnel and years of work experience with oral health attitudes and beliefs. BACKGROUND: Nurses can substantially impact inpatients' general and oral health outcomes through oral health assessments and oral care. METHODS: Nurses from a community hospital in Singapore completed a survey comprising four domains: (a) demographic characteristics and personal oral health behaviours, (b) oral health knowledge, (c) oral care practices, and (d) attitudes and beliefs toward oral care. Descriptive statistics were performed, and data were analysed with the Mann-Whitney U-test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 152 participants (51 nursing assistants and 101 registered nurses), of which 62 had less than 5 years' work experience and the remainder had more than 5 years' experience. Knowledge gaps were observed in oral disease identification and implications. Most nurses perceived oral care as a high priority and believed it influenced clinical outcomes. Although nursing assistants felt they received adequate training in oral care, they were more likely than registered nurses to wait until patients developed problems before consulting a dentist. CONCLUSION: There are gaps in nurses' oral health knowledge and dental referral practices for managing oral health issues in a community hospital setting. The findings underscore the importance of targeted oral health education to better integrate oral care for holistic rehabilitation of older inpatients.
Association of Tooth Loss With Stress and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Adults: An Analysis Using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI) (2013, 2015).
Koh JH, Choi EJ, Lee JA … +2 more , Kim SJ, Cho HJ
Gerodontology · 2026 Mar · PMID 40765280 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between tooth loss and depressive symptoms in the Korean population using nationally representative data. BACKGROUND: Tooth loss negatively impacts oral function, aesthetics, and ove...
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between tooth loss and depressive symptoms in the Korean population using nationally representative data. BACKGROUND: Tooth loss negatively impacts oral function, aesthetics, and overall quality of life. It can lead to systemic issues, such as nutritional deficiencies, and is associated with mental health problems, including depressive symptoms. While the relationship between tooth loss and depressive symptoms has been explored in Western populations, research focusing on Asian populations, particularly Koreans, remains limited. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study utilised data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), including 9,166 adults aged 30 years and older. The primary variable was the number of remaining natural teeth, categorised as fewer than 12 or more. Stress and depressive symptoms were assessed using self-report questionnaires. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between tooth loss and depressive symptoms after adjusting for sociodemographic, behavioural and health-related factors. RESULTS: Among the 9166 participants, 946 had fewer than 12 remaining natural teeth, and the remainder had 12 or more. Participants with fewer than 12 teeth showed significantly higher adjusted odds of experiencing depressive symptoms (aOR, adjusted odds ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, confidence interval, 1.12-1.87) and stress (aOR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.04-1.74) than those with more teeth. These associations were particularly pronounced among women, older adults (≥ 65 years), and individuals requiring dentures. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a significant association between having fewer remaining teeth and higher levels of stress and depressive symptoms, emphasising the importance of oral health in mental well-being. The relationship was particularly evident among women, younger adults and those with unmet prosthetic needs. These findings highlight the need to incorporate oral health considerations into public mental health strategies targeting high-risk populations.
Acceptance of a Mobile Oral Healthcare Tool Among Nursing Home Caregivers: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Technology Acceptance Model.
Karamehmedovic E, Melbye EL
Gerodontology · 2026 Mar · PMID 40704380 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The rapid evolution of mobile healthcare technology holds promise for enhancing efficiency and care outcomes in nursing homes. However, accepting and effectively using such technologies poses challenges for c...
BACKGROUND: The rapid evolution of mobile healthcare technology holds promise for enhancing efficiency and care outcomes in nursing homes. However, accepting and effectively using such technologies poses challenges for caregivers, exacerbated by limited resources and various barriers. SmartJournal represents an innovative mobile healthcare application (app) designed specifically for enhancing oral healthcare in nursing home settings. OBJECTIVE: To investigate factors associated with intentions to use SmartJournal, focusing on the contributions of variables within the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 85 nursing home caregivers in Norway utilising the SmartJournal app, followed by a survey assessing predictors of technology acceptance based on extended versions of the TAM framework. Factor analysis was utilised to identify and evaluate the underlying dimensions of the measured constructs and their relationships. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the factors associated with intentions for future SmartJournal usage explained by the constructs in the chosen framework. RESULTS: The TAM variables perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and image were revealed as predictors of intention for future SmartJournal usage in the present study sample. Together, these variables explained 41.8% of the variance, with perceived usefulness being the most influential factor, accounting for 19.6%. CONCLUSION: This study identified perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) as key factors associated with nursing home caregivers' intention to use SmartJournal, providing insights for future implementation of the tool.
Effectiveness of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Training Modules for Geriatric Oral Care in a Residential Aged Care Facility: A Quasi-Experimental Study.
Huang KH, Lin PC, Hsieh HF … +4 more , Lin YC, Huang HL, Wung SF, Lin PC
Gerodontology · 2026 Mar · PMID 40679173 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) geriatric oral care modules with traditional teaching methods for training nurses, nursing assistants (NAs), an...
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) geriatric oral care modules with traditional teaching methods for training nurses, nursing assistants (NAs), and residents in a residential aged care facility (RACF). BACKGROUND: VR/AR geriatric oral care modules have been used to enhance the knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy of nursing students and NAs regarding geriatric oral health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study employed a quasi-experimental design. The experimental group, consisting of nurses and NAs, received training through VR/AR geriatric oral care modules, whereas the control group attended a traditional 2-h lecture on oral care. The effectiveness of the training in terms of knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy related to geriatric oral care among nurses and NAs was analysed using generalised estimating equations. RESULTS: Three months after the training, the oral care attitude scores of the nurses and NAs in the experimental group (26.0 ± 1.3) were significantly higher than those in the control group (23.5 ± 2.4, β = -3.7). The two training methods showed similar effects on knowledge and self-efficacy immediately after the training and 3 months later. However, no improvement in oral function was observed in residents of either group at the three-month follow-up. CONCLUSION: Training with VR/AR modules for geriatric oral care can significantly enhance the attitudes of nurses and NAs 3 months after training in an RACF. It is recommended that such training be conducted regularly for nurses and NAs to further evaluate its effectiveness.
Tooth Loss, Denture Use and Malnutrition in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).
Ma X, Zeng H, Li Y … +1 more , Yang Y
Gerodontology · 2025 Dec · PMID 40662964 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the associations among tooth loss, denture use and malnutrition in Chinese older adults, and to identify malnutrition risk factors by dentition status. BACKGROUND: Malnutrition affects 7.7% of...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the associations among tooth loss, denture use and malnutrition in Chinese older adults, and to identify malnutrition risk factors by dentition status. BACKGROUND: Malnutrition affects 7.7% of older adults in China and is associated with tooth loss, which impairs chewing. Dentures are commonly used to mitigate this, but their influence on malnutrition remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of 13,234 individuals aged 60 and older from the 8th wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) was conducted. Data on tooth loss, denture use, malnutrition and socio-demographic factors were collected. Modified Poisson regression was used to calculate prevalence ratios (PRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted. RESULTS: Malnutrition was more common among partially dentate older women without dentures (APR 1.75, 95% CI 1.29-2.37), and those with edentulism, both with dentures (APR 1.61, 95% CI 1.18-2.20) and without dentures (APR 1.93, 95% CI 1.41-2.64). Denture use was associated with a lower malnutrition risk in partially dentate (APR 0.80, 95% CI 0.70-0.91) and edentulous older adults (APR 0.79, 95% CI 0.70-0.80). CONCLUSIONS: Denture use is associated with a lower malnutrition risk, especially in women, though it may not fully restore nutritional status. Strategies to prevent tooth loss and promote denture use are vital for reducing malnutrition in older adults.
The Effect of Different Self-Administered Tongue Exercises on Tongue Strength and Endurance in Older Adults.
Suppapatpong T, Pimkhaokham A, Kaboosaya B
Gerodontology · 2025 Dec · PMID 40637376 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Self-administered tongue exercises (TEs) are proposed as an effective, low-cost and convenient intervention for improving maximum tongue strength and endurance. However, age-related factors make self-administ...
BACKGROUND: Self-administered tongue exercises (TEs) are proposed as an effective, low-cost and convenient intervention for improving maximum tongue strength and endurance. However, age-related factors make self-administered TEs more challenging for older individuals. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of self-administered TEs on maximum tongue strength and endurance in older individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-two healthy volunteers, both young and older groups, were randomly allocated to three self-administered TE groups: tongue wrap, tongue corner and tongue paint. Maximum tongue strength and tongue endurance were assessed at baseline (T0) and after 4 weeks of training (T1) using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare pre- and post-intervention outcomes within groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare gains among groups. RESULTS: After 4 weeks of self-administered TEs, the average gains in maximum tongue strength and endurance did not differ significantly between young and older participants. The gains in maximum tongue strength for young and older participants were as follows: tongue wrap (7.7 vs. 3.3 kPa, p = 0.2), tongue corner (4.0 vs. 1.7 kPa, p = 0.6) and tongue paint (3.5 vs. 3.7 kPa, p = 1.0). For tongue endurance, young and older participants gained 3.9 vs. 13.0 s (p = 0.2), 1.3 vs. 11.0 s (p = 0.1) and 3.8 vs. -0.2 s (p = 0.5), respectively. While the tongue paint exercise resulted in the highest gains in maximum tongue strength, and the tongue wrap exercise showed the greatest improvement in tongue endurance among older adults, these differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Four weeks of self-administered TEs had a positive impact on tongue strength and endurance in older individuals. Although our findings are most compatible with no important difference among exercise types in the older, notable patterns suggest potential benefits. Future studies should explore optimal exercise intensity and duration to maximise effectiveness.
Descriptive Epidemiology of Oral Function in Middle-Aged and Older Japanese Individuals.
Shirobe M, Iwasaki M, Igarashi K … +17 more , Motokawa K, Edahiro A, Morishita S, Matsubara C, Gomi T, Ejiri M, Kawai H, Inoue M, Yamaguchi S, Isobe A, Hikiji H, Nishihara T, Sasai H, Ihara K, Fujiwara Y, Obuchi S, Hirano H
Gerodontology · 2025 Dec · PMID 40599009 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To describe age-group differences in oral function in middle-aged and older Japanese adults. BACKGROUND: To facilitate oral function management, it is essential research spanning a wider age range. MATERIALS A...
OBJECTIVE: To describe age-group differences in oral function in middle-aged and older Japanese adults. BACKGROUND: To facilitate oral function management, it is essential research spanning a wider age range. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of data in 2023 from two distinct populations. The Otassha Study included community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 65 years in Tokyo. The second sample consisted of middle-aged workers aged ≥ 40 years employed at municipal offices in Fukuoka. Survey items included tongue coating index, mucosal wetness, occlusal force, oral diadochokinesis, tongue pressure, masticatory function, swallowing function and the prevalence of oral hypofunction. Trend tests and binary logistic regression analysis were conducted. The dependent variable was the presence of oral hypofunction, and the independent variable was the age group. RESULTS: Our analysis included 645 participants (275 men and 370 women, aged 40-89 years). The prevalence of oral hypofunction and low oral function in six elements, except mucosal wetness, showed a significant linear association by age group. The prevalence of oral hypofunction was higher in the 80s (adjusted odds ratio: 3.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.4-8.3) than in the reference category (60s). CONCLUSION: Expanding middle-aged participant data and conducting longitudinal studies are essential for understanding age-related changes in oral function. These efforts will help inform effective strategies to address oral functional decline.
The Association Between Oral Diseases, Symptoms, and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in 70-Year-Olds: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Hasselgren LCK, Berggreen E, Elabdeen HZ … +3 more , Kvalheim SF, Sulo G, Åstrøm AN
Gerodontology · 2025 Dec · PMID 40590557 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To describe the association between oral diseases, self-reported symptoms and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in 70-year-olds. BACKGROUND: Previous studies have found inconsistent evidence of the...
OBJECTIVE: To describe the association between oral diseases, self-reported symptoms and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in 70-year-olds. BACKGROUND: Previous studies have found inconsistent evidence of the association between certain oral diseases and OHRQoL in adults aged 65 years or older, indicating a need for further research. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adults who had been born in 1950-51 and residing in Western Norway were invited to a comprehensive oral health examination, collecting information on the number of teeth, caries, periodontitis, hyposalivation, xerostomia and temporomandibular pain (TMD). OHRQoL was assessed using two instruments, the Oral Impact on Daily Performances (OIDP) and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). We used a causal model approach to identify potential confounders. The association between oral diseases, self-reported symptoms, and OHRQoL was explored using multivariable negative binomial regression models, reporting rate ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: The final study sample consisted of 1189 individuals. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) OIDP and OHIP-14 scores were 0 (0-1) and 1 (0-4), respectively. OHRQoL was significantly associated with having fewer than 20 teeth (RR: 5.36 for OIDP and RR: 3.57 for OHIP-14), hyposalivation (RR: 1.38 for OHIP-14), xerostomia during daytime (RR: 2.25 for OIDP and RR: 2.07 for OHIP-14), xerostomia at night (RR: 1.72 for OIDP and RR: 1.71 for OHIP-14) and TMD pain (RR: 3.29 for OIDP and RR: 2.68 for OHIP-14). CONCLUSION: This study of Norwegian 70-year-olds indicates that preserving teeth is essential for OHRQoL and signals the importance of addressing hyposalivation, xerostomia, and TMD in the management of oral health in older adults.
Experience of Foreign Domestic Caregivers in Oral Hygiene Care for Older Adults With Dementia in Taiwan: A Qualitative Study.
Sumandar, Lu KH, Hsu MT … +4 more , Huang HL, Wung SF, Chen CC, Lin PC
Gerodontology · 2025 Dec · PMID 40552750 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the experiences of Indonesian domestic paid caregivers in providing oral hygiene care for older adults with dementia. BACKGROUND: As dementia progresses, individuals increasingly re...
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the experiences of Indonesian domestic paid caregivers in providing oral hygiene care for older adults with dementia. BACKGROUND: As dementia progresses, individuals increasingly rely on their caregivers for help with daily oral care. METHODS: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Indonesian domestic caregivers were recruited through purposive sampling at four community-based dementia service sites in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. A total of 12 Indonesian female domestic caregivers participated in face-to-face interviews, which lasted between 30 and 70 min. The interview transcripts were analysed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis approach. RESULTS: Three main themes and six sub-themes were identified from the interviews: (1) caring for the oral health of older adults with dementia as one would for a family member, (2) providing person-centred interactions during oral hygiene routines and (3) addressing the systemic and practical challenges related to oral hygiene. CONCLUSION: Indonesian female domestic caregivers recognise the importance of consistently providing oral hygiene care to older adults with dementia. There is a need for training programmes to improve caregiving skills, create supportive environments and foster a positive approach to care.
Comments on 'Root Caries in Older Adults: A Co-Citation Network Analysis (1980-2023)' by Su and Chang.
Ho YS, Christidis N
Gerodontology · 2025 Sep · PMID 40542580 · Publisher ↗
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Response to the Letter to the Editor Regarding 'Root Caries in Older Adults: A Co-Citation Network Analysis (1980-2023)'.
Su WS, Chang CY
Gerodontology · 2025 Sep · PMID 40539401 · Publisher ↗
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Distinguishing Between Gerodontology and Geriatric Dentistry: Key Perspectives on Oral Health in Older Adults.
Martínez Asanza D, Rojas Herrera IA, Rodríguez Washington N
Gerodontology · 2025 Sep · PMID 40470572 · Publisher ↗
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Falls and Interpersonal Violence, the Main Patterns of Maxillofacial Trauma in Older Adults in Chile.
Werlinger F, Villalón M, Duarte V
Gerodontology · 2025 Dec · PMID 40464304 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To describe the presentation patterns of maxillofacial trauma cases in older adults attending hospital emergency departments. BACKGROUND: By 2030, one in six people will be 60 years of age or older. Trauma and...
OBJECTIVE: To describe the presentation patterns of maxillofacial trauma cases in older adults attending hospital emergency departments. BACKGROUND: By 2030, one in six people will be 60 years of age or older. Trauma and injuries also affect older populations, with an increase in consultations in recent years. Specifically, in the case of maxillofacial trauma, the presentation profiles would be different in those over 60 years of age from the younger population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multi-centre case-series analysis with maxillofacial trauma records between 2016 and 2017, in three high-complexity hospitals in the central zone of Chile. Demographic data and diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of maxillofacial trauma were recorded. Multiple correspondence analysis was applied with Stata 14.0 software. RESULTS: Two hundred and fifty-nine cases of maxillofacial trauma with recorded aetiology were registered. 45.9% were men, with a mean age of 73.4 years (range: 60-95), with differences by sex (p value > 0.05). The main causes of trauma were falls, interpersonal violence and traffic accidents. Two profiles of patients were identified: (a) women aged 80 years and over, mainly affected by falls during the daytime, with minor injuries; and (b) men aged 60-79 years, mainly affected by interpersonal violence during the night, and with hard tissue injuries, requiring hospitalisation. CONCLUSION: The emergency casuistry of maxillofacial trauma in the older population presents clearly differentiated profiles by sex, varying in severity, prognosis and aetiology. The relationships observed could help to understand in greater depth the mechanisms of trauma and injuries in the maxillofacial area that have been indicated as specific to each population and in the establishment of a potential monitoring system with the identification of injury patterns of clinical and social interest such as physical abuse of older adults.
Number of Remaining Teeth and Obesity in Chilean Older Adults.
Núñez CC, Espinoza I, Olivares D … +4 more , Del Campo AF, Salinas JC, Gamonal J, Ruiz B
Gerodontology · 2025 Dec · PMID 40448422 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the number of remaining teeth was associated with obesity among Chilean older people. BACKGROUND: Contradictory findings on the associations between cumulative tooth loss, chewing disco...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the number of remaining teeth was associated with obesity among Chilean older people. BACKGROUND: Contradictory findings on the associations between cumulative tooth loss, chewing discomfort and the consumption of fruits and vegetables in older people have been reported; moreover, findings on the relationship between dentition and nutritional status are inconsistent. The latter has been studied in some Latin American countries, but no data have been reported for Chile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We undertook a secondary analysis of clinical and self-reported data from a national survey of adults-the Chilean National Health Survey 2016-17 or 2016-17 (NHS)-to examine associations between the number of remaining teeth (defined both as the presence of a functional dentition and as ordinal categories of the number of remaining teeth: ≥ 20, 10-19, 1-9 or 0 teeth) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m) among non-institutionalised older adults aged ≥ 65 years. Associations between the number of remaining teeth and (a) chewing discomfort and (b) daily consumption of fruits and vegetables were also examined. Multivariate models for obesity and functional dentition or dentition status were adjusted for sex, age, education level, residency and denture use. Analyses used Stata, applying survey weighting to obtain population estimates. RESULTS: Data from n = 1363 non-institutionalised older adults aged ≥ 65 years, representing a population of 1,765,340 individuals was analysed. A minority of the sample had a functional dentition (22.5%), which was more common in men (28.7%) and among urban residents (24.8%). A consistent gradient in functional dentition was observed by educational level, with prevalence rates of 7.2%, 27.2% and 76.8% among individuals of low, medium and high education level, respectively. More than one in 10 individuals (12.4% of the sample) reported chewing discomfort, and this was more common among those who had (14.9%) than for those who did not have a functional dentition (6.5%). Individuals with a functional dentition consumed more fruits and vegetables daily than those with fewer than 20 teeth. Regarding the study outcome, 35.6% of participants were obese. Obesity was more common among those who did not have a functional dentition (37.3%) than for those who did (30.2%). In the multivariate model, the lack of a functional dentition (having fewer remaining teeth) was not associated with obesity (PR 1.06; 95% CI 0.86, 1.32). Similar findings were observed when examining associations by dentition status categories (10-19 teeth: PR 1.13; 95% CI 0.9, 1.41, 1-9 teeth: PR 1.07; 0.84, 1.35, edentulous: PR 0.88; 95% CI 0.68, 1.13. using ≥ 20 teeth as ref.). CONCLUSION: The lack of a functional dentition (having fewer remaining teeth) was associated with lower daily fruit and vegetable consumption and chewing discomfort but not with obesity in this population.
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