Endocrine Research[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
The Spectrum of Thyroid Function Tests and Autoantibodies During Hospitalization and After Six Months of Discharge in COVID-19 Patients: Does COVID-19 Trigger Autoimmunity?
Alphan Uc Z, Yagcı P, Adibelli Z … +1 more , Duran C
Endocr Res · 2023 Jul · PMID 36883908 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate thyroid function test (TFT) results and anti-thyroid antibody titers in acutely infected COVID-19 patients, as well as the changes in TFT and autoantibody results during...
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate thyroid function test (TFT) results and anti-thyroid antibody titers in acutely infected COVID-19 patients, as well as the changes in TFT and autoantibody results during the 6-months recovery period among survivors. PATIENTS AND DESIGN: A total of 163 adult COVID-19 patients and 124 COVID-19 survivors were evaluated in terms of TFT (thyroid stimulating hormone [TSH], free triiodothyronine [fT3], and free thyroxine [fT4]) and anti-thyroid antibodies (anti-thyroglobulin [anti-Tg] and anti-thyroid peroxidase [anti-TPO]). RESULTS: Thyroid dysfunction was noted in 56.4% of patients on admission, including the non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) in most cases. Presence vs. absence of thyroid dysfunction on admission was associated with significantly higher rate of severe disease ( < 0.001), while severe vs. mild-to-moderate disease was associated with significantly lower serum fT3 levels ( = 0.001). Overall, 94.4% of survivors were euthyroid at the time of 6 months post-discharge, while in some patients, the post-COVID-19 recovery period was also associated with significantly increased anti-TPO titers and the presence of new-onset or persistent subclinical hypothyroidism. CONCLUSION: This is one of the few studies to evaluate TFT and autoantibodies over a 6-month period after recovery from COVID-19. The presence of emergent or persistent subclinical hypothyroidism and the significantly increased anti-TPO titers in some patients during the convalescence period suggest the need for follow-up for development of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity among COVID-19 survivors.
Relationship Between Appetite-Related Peptides and Frailty in Older Adults.
Candemir B, İleri İ, Yalçın MM … +4 more , Sel AT, Göker B, Gülbahar Ö, Yetkin İ
Endocr Res · 2023 Jul · PMID 36799510 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Frailty, is a geriatric syndrome that reduces the resistance to stress situations caused by activities of daily living and increases morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that a decrease in orexigenic pept...
BACKGROUND: Frailty, is a geriatric syndrome that reduces the resistance to stress situations caused by activities of daily living and increases morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that a decrease in orexigenic peptides or an increase in anorexigenic peptides might be associated with frailty. We aimed to investigate the relationship between frailty and six appetite-related peptides: ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti-related peptide (AgRP), cocaine-amphetamine-associated peptide (CART), peptide YY, and alpha MSH (α-MSH). METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 85 older adults who visited the outpatient clinic. All patients underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment. Frailty status was assessed using the Fried frailty index. Plasma levels of six appetite-related peptides were studied. RESULTS: The mean age was 73.7 ± 5.4 years, 27 (31.8%) of the patients were male, and 32 of the patients (37.6%) were frail. While plasma levels of ghrelin, NPY and AgRP were significantly lower in frail patients, CART and α-MSH levels were higher compared to non-frail patients (p < .05 for all). Peptide YY was found to be higher in the frail group, however, the difference did not reach statistical significance (p = .052). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the ghrelin, AgRP, CART, and α-MSH levels were independent predictors of frailty. Moreover, a weak correlation was found between all peptides(except NPY) and handgrip strength and Lawton-Brody score. CONCLUSION: Ghrelin, AgRP, CART, and α-MSH levels were found to be independent predictors of frailty. Our results suggest that appetite-related peptides might be playing roles in the pathogenesis of frailty. Further larger prospective studies are needed to test this hypothesis.
Sensitivity of Different ACTH and Cortisol Concentration Values in Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Based Tests in Cushing's Disease.
Sobeh Khalil S, Sheikh Ahmad M, Sarah-Hefer T … +5 more , Yovanovich E, Reut M, Chen-Konak L, Saba-Khazen N, Saiegh L
Endocr Res · 2023 Feb · PMID 36781417 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: In Cushing's disease (CD) patients, the aim of the present study is to confirm sensitivity of several ACTH and cortisol concentration values in different time points, during corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)...
PURPOSE: In Cushing's disease (CD) patients, the aim of the present study is to confirm sensitivity of several ACTH and cortisol concentration values in different time points, during corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation test and during CRH stimulation following dexamethasone suppression (DEX-CRH) test. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed cortisol and ACTH concentration increment during CRH and DEX-CRH tests in 23 patients with confirmed CD. Cortisol and ACTH concentrations were determined immediately before, 15 min and 30 min after CRH stimulation. We evaluated the sensitivity of different cutoff values including those reported in previous studies, in the diagnosis of CD. RESULTS: During DEX-CRH test, 15 min serum cortisol concentration of 1.4 μg/dl (38 nmol/L) had a sensitivity of 90.9%, and serum cortisol concentration ≥1.27 μg/dl (35 nmol/L) had a sensitivity of 100%. For plasma ACTH, sensitivity of 100% was obtained using ACTH ≥3.5pmol/L (16 pg/ml) at 30 min. During CRH test, 35% increase from baseline in ACTH concentration had a sensitivity of 72.7%. Twenty percent increase in cortisol 30 minutes after stimulation yielded a sensitivity of 85.7%. The best sensitivity of ACTH and cortisol increment was obtained 15 min after stimulation, using 19% and 9% increase, respectively (sensitivity of 100% and 92.8%, respectively). CONCLUSION: During CRH and DEX-CRH tests, the study findings agree with the good sensitivity of ACTH and cortisol cutoff values suggested in previous studies; yet, other cutoff values may give a higher diagnostic sensitivity.
Pre- and Post-treatment Serum BAFF Levels and BAFF Gene Polymorphisms in Patients with Graves' Disease.
Dhaouadi T, Rojbi I, Ghammouki S … +7 more , Ben Nacef I, Adel M, Mekni S, Khiari K, Ben Abdallah T, Sfar I, Gorgi Y
Endocr Res · 2023 Feb · PMID 36636836 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: B cell activating factor (BAFF), a crucial factor for B cell survival and differentiation, has been linked to several autoimmune conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of BAFF gene'...
BACKGROUND: B cell activating factor (BAFF), a crucial factor for B cell survival and differentiation, has been linked to several autoimmune conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of BAFF gene's polymorphisms with its serum levels and to assess their effect on Graves' disease (GD) susceptibility and presentation. METHODS: Sixty-two GD patients and 152 healthy controls have been enrolled to investigate BAFF rs9514827 (-2841 T/C), rs1041569 (-2701 T/A) and rs9514828 (-871 C/T) gene's polymorphism by PCR-RFLP and serum BAFF level's kinetics under medical treatment by ELISA. RESULTS: Median serum BAFF level at baseline was significantly higher in GD patients (841.7 pg/ml [685.23-1058.32]) comparatively to controls (495.75 pg/ml [383.17-595.7]), = 7.29 E-25. A ROC curve was used to assess BAFF performances in GD diagnosis and revealed an AUC of 94.9% [0.919-0.979], = 7.29 E-25. At a cutoff value of 654.9 pg/ml of BAFF at baseline, the sensitivity and the specificity were, respectively, 83.9% and 90.8%. BAFF level was significantly increased in smoking patients (1079.55 pg/ml [875.35-1203]) comparatively to nonsmokers (746.95 pg/ml [643.2-915.7]), = 3.1 E-5. While -2841 T/C and -2701 T/A genotypes and alleles frequencies were similar between patients and controls, the -871*T allele was significantly more prevalent in patients (0.613) than in controls (0.477); = .01, OR [95% CI] = 1.73 [1.13-2.65]. The three studied polymorphisms were not associated with serum BAFF level at baseline. CONCLUSION: Serum BAFF level is significantly increased in GD especially in smoking patients. rs9514828 - 871*T allele might be a susceptibility variant for GD.
Evaluation of Adrenal Reserve in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Receiving Thyroid Hormone Suppression Therapy- case-control Comparative Study.
Bilginer MC, Tam AA, Faki S … +6 more , Bestepe N, Dellal FD, Ozdemir D, Topaloglu O, Ersoy R, Cakir B
Endocr Res · 2023 Feb · PMID 36524715 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) are exposed to subclinical exogenous hyperthyroidism for the suppression of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the adrenal...
BACKGROUND: Patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) are exposed to subclinical exogenous hyperthyroidism for the suppression of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the adrenal reserve in DTC patients receiving suppression therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 55 DTC patients on suppression therapy and 32 healthy volunteers. Basal serum cortisol of all participants and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) of the patient group were measured. A standard-dose ACTH test (0.25 mg) was performed in patients with a basal cortisol <14.5 mcg/dL. RESULTS: In the patient group, TSH was lower, free thyroxine (fT4) was higher, and free triiodothyronine (fT3) was similar to those of the control group (p < .01, p < .01, p = .140, respectively). The serum cortisol of the patient group was significantly lower than the control group (12.14 ± 5.12 mcg/dL vs 18.00 ± 5.56 mcg/dL, p < .001). A total of 34 (61.8%) patients with DTC had a basal cortisol <14.5 mcg/dL. Prolonged TSH suppression (≥5 years vs <5 years) was associated with lower basal cortisol (7.46 ± 2.63 mcg/dL vs 9.48 ± 2.65 mcg/dL, p = .022). The ACTH stimulation test showed that 2 (5.8%) patients had a cortisol response <18 mcg/dL. The rate of adrenal insufficiency was 3.6% in DTC patients. A moderate negative correlation was found between ACTH and fT3 of patients with low basal cortisol (r = -0.358, p = .038). CONCLUSION: Patients with DTC receiving TSH suppression therapy are at risk for adrenal insufficiency. The duration and severity of suppression might increase this possibility. Dynamic testing with synthetic ACTH can be used to reveal insufficient cortisol response in case of clinical suspicion.
Gender Difference in the Association of Hyperuricemia with Insulin Resistance and beta-cell Function in Nondiabetic Korean Adults: The 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Seong JM, Gi MY, Cha JA … +4 more , Sung HH, Park SY, Park CH, Yoon H
Endocr Res · 2023 Feb · PMID 36322048 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: This study was conducted to assess the association of uric acid (UA) with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta-cell function (HOMA-) by gender in nondiabetic Korean adults. MATE...
AIMS: This study was conducted to assess the association of uric acid (UA) with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta-cell function (HOMA-) by gender in nondiabetic Korean adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out using data from the 2019 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and included nondiabetic Korean men, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women aged 20 years or older. RESULTS: First, after adjusted for the related variables (excluding obesity), the prevalence of hyperuricemia (UA ≥ 7.0 mg/dL in men or UA ≥ 6.0 mg/dL in women) was positively associated with the quartiles of HOMA-IR and HOMA- in men, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. Second, when further adjusted for obesity, hyperuricemia was positively associated with the quartiles of HOMA-IR and HOMA- in men and postmenopausal women but not in premenopausal women. Third, after adjusted for the related variables (including obesity), UA level was positively associated with the quartiles of HOMA-IR and HOMA- in men and postmenopausal women but not in premenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS: hyperuricemia is positively associated with insulin resistance and beta-cell function in nondiabetic Korean men and postmenopausal women but not in premenopausal women.
Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Their Dynamic Changes with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cohort Study in China.
Zhang C, Chen H, Cui S … +13 more , Lin Y, Liang Y, Zhao P, Wang C, Xu S, Peng X, Chen H, Wang L, Zhao D, Zhang M, Hu D, Lou Y, Hu F
Endocr Res · 2022 · PMID 36163006 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: This study aimed at investigating the relationships between Platelet-Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and their dynamic changes (∆PLR, ∆NLR) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in...
BACKGROUND: This study aimed at investigating the relationships between Platelet-Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and their dynamic changes (∆PLR, ∆NLR) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a Chinese cohort study. METHODS: This study recruited 41,439 individuals who were diagnosed without T2DM at first health examination and completed at least one follow-up. The relationships between NLR, PLR, ∆PLR, ∆NLR and T2DM risk were analyzed using the Cox regression model with corresponding Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). RESULTS: PLR exhibited significant correlation with T2DM risk in a linear reverse dose-response pattern, the corresponding HRs and 95% CIs were 0.81 (0.72, 0.90), 0.71 (0.63, 0.80) and 0.56 (0.49, 0.64) respectively ( < 0.001) for Q2, Q3 and Q4 vs Q1 after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, TG, TC, HDL-C, FPG, ALT, AST, heart rate, smoking, family history of diabetes, and alcohol consumption at baseline in Model 3. The significance remained in subgroups of women, <45 years, ≥45 years, BMI ≥ 24, with fatty liver disease, without fatty liver disease and normotension. Comparing with the largest decrease group of NLR (∆NLR < -0.32), the risk of T2DM increased for -0.003 ≤ ∆NLR < 0.31 (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01-1.36) and ∆NLR ≥ 0.31 (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.06-1.43). CONCLUSIONS: Higher PLR could reduce the risk of T2DM. Larger increase of NLR could increase T2DM risk.
Association between the Extent of Peripheral Blood DNA Methylation of and Accumulation of Adiposity in community-dwelling Women: The Yakumo Study.
Mizuno G, Yamada H, Munetsuna E … +14 more , Yamazaki M, Ando Y, Fujii R, Tsuboi Y, Teshigawara A, Kageyama I, Osakabe K, Sugimoto K, Ishikawa H, Ichino N, Ohta Y, Ohashi K, Hashimoto S, Suzuki K
Endocr Res · 2022 · PMID 36104828 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: DNA methylation in the CpG sites of intron 1 of is associated with body mass index (BMI). This cross-sectional study investigated correlations between DNA methylation of and BMI or adiposity parameters in...
INTRODUCTION: DNA methylation in the CpG sites of intron 1 of is associated with body mass index (BMI). This cross-sectional study investigated correlations between DNA methylation of and BMI or adiposity parameters in the Japanese population. METHOD: DNA methylation of was quantified via pyrosequencing. RESULT: DNA methylation of differed only in women; DNA methylation level at cg27146050 was associated with visceral adipose tissue thickness and correlated with BMI and percent (%) body fat after excluding smokers. CONCLUSION: Peripheral blood DNA methylation at the CpG site (cg27146050) of correlated with VAT thickness in Japanese women.
Robert I. Gregerman, MD (1930-2021). An Editorial Reminiscence.
Katz MS, Davis PJ
Endocr Res · 2022 · PMID 36101979 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Hyperuricemia is Associated with the Presence of Metabolically Obese Normal-Weight and Metabolically Healthy Obese Phenotypes.
Guerrero-Romero F, Simental-Mendía LE
Endocr Res · 2022 · PMID 35918814 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: It is well-recognized that hyperuricemia is a common abnormality among individuals with metabolic syndrome. AIMS: The objective of this study was to determine whether hyperuricemia is associated with the meta...
BACKGROUND: It is well-recognized that hyperuricemia is a common abnormality among individuals with metabolic syndrome. AIMS: The objective of this study was to determine whether hyperuricemia is associated with the metabolically obese normal-weight (MONW) and metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotypes. METHODS: Men and women equal or greater than 18 years of age were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Normal-weight subjects were allocated into the MONW or healthy normal-weight (HNW) groups; while obese individuals were divided into the MHO and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) subgroups. MONW phenotype was defined by body mass index (BMI) <25.0 kg/m accompanied by at least one cardiovascular risk factor (hyperglycemia, elevated blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and MHO phenotype was considered in obese subjects (BMI ≥30 kg/m) without metabolic abnormalities. RESULTS: A total of 567 individuals were enrolled; of them, normal-weight subjects were allocated into the MONW (n = 101) and control (n = 72) groups, whereas obese individuals into the MHO (n = 61) and MUO (n = 333) groups. The multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted by age, gender, and body mass index revealed that hyperuricemia is significantly associated with MONW (OR = 5.14; 95% CI: 1.37-19.29) and MHO (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.14-0.82) phenotypes. CONCLUSION: Results of our study showed that hyperuricemia is associated with both MONW and MHO phenotypes.
Morphometric and Myelin Basic Protein Expression Changes in Arcuate Nucleus Kisspeptin Neurons Underlie Activation of Hypothalamic Pituitary Gonadal-axis in Monkeys () during the Breeding Season.
Zubair H, Shamas S, Ullah H … +5 more , Nabi G, Huma T, Ullah R, Hussain R, Shahab M
Endocr Res · 2022 · PMID 35866239 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Kisspeptin is involved in the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal-axis' seasonal regulation in rodents and sheep. Studies of kisspeptin signaling in regulating the transition between breeding and nonbreeding sea...
INTRODUCTION: Kisspeptin is involved in the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal-axis' seasonal regulation in rodents and sheep. Studies of kisspeptin signaling in regulating the transition between breeding and nonbreeding seasons have focused on kisspeptin expression, myelin basic protein (MBP) expression around kisspeptin-ir cells, and quantifying the synaptic connections between kisspeptin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in various animal models; however, the role of kisspeptin in regulating the seasonal breeding of primates has not been explored yet. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated changes in kisspeptin signaling during breeding and a non-breeding season in a non-human primate model, the rhesus monkey. METHODS: Three adult male monkeys (n = 3) from the breeding season and two monkeys (n = 2) from the non-breeding season were used in this study. After measuring the testicular volume and collecting a single blood sample, all animals were humanely euthanized under controlled conditions, and their hypothalami were collected and processed. Two 20 µm thick hypothalamic sections (mediobasal hypothalamus) from each animal were processed for kisspeptin-MBP and kisspeptin-GnRH immunohistochemistry (IHC). One section from each animal was used as a primary antibody omitted control to check the nonspecific binding in each IHC. RESULTS: Compared to the non-breeding season, plasma testosterone levels and testicular volumes were significantly higher in monkeys during the breeding season. Furthermore, compared to the non-breeding season, increased kisspeptin expression and a higher number of synaptic contacts between kisspeptin fibers and GnRH cell bodies were observed in the arcuate nucleus of the breeding season monkeys. In contrast, enlarged kisspeptin soma and higher MBP expression were observed in non-breeding monkeys. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated enhanced kisspeptin signaling in primate hypothalamus during the breeding season. These findings support the idea that kisspeptin acts as a mediator for the seasonal regulation of the reproductive axis in higher primates.
Are We Only Detecting the Tip of the Iceberg? A Nationwide Study on Primary Aldosteronism with up to 8-Year Follow-up.
Gunnarsdottir H, Jonsdottir G, Birgisson G … +2 more , Gudmundsson J, Sigurjonsdottir HA
Endocr Res · 2022 · PMID 35488403 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Long-term follow-up studies on primary aldosteronism (PA) are lacking. OBJECTIVE: We aim to review results of diagnostic procedures and histopathology for patients diagnosed during 2012-2016 in Iceland, compa...
BACKGROUND: Long-term follow-up studies on primary aldosteronism (PA) are lacking. OBJECTIVE: We aim to review results of diagnostic procedures and histopathology for patients diagnosed during 2012-2016 in Iceland, compare unilateral (UD) and bilateral disease (BD) and assess treatment response. METHODS: Thirty-two patients aged 28-88 were diagnosed and treated according to guidelines. RESULTS: The majority had BD. Everyone needed potassium supplementation at case detection. We saw a reduction in systolic blood pressure ( < .001, both groups), antihypertensive agents ( = .002 UD and = .04 BD) and potassium supplementation ( < .001, both groups). CONCLUSION: Similar treatment response was seen in both subgroups. Ratio of hypokalemia and number of cases indicates severe PA underdiagnosis in Iceland.
The Triglycerides and Glucose Index Is Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults.
Weyman-Vela Y, Simental-Mendía LE, Camacho-Luis A … +2 more , Gamboa-Gómez CI, Guerrero-Romero F
Endocr Res · 2022 · PMID 35393913 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: It has been reported that insulin resistance is related to cognitive decline. The triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index, is a reliable and inexpensive surrogate test for detecting insulin resistance. AIMS: Th...
BACKGROUND: It has been reported that insulin resistance is related to cognitive decline. The triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index, is a reliable and inexpensive surrogate test for detecting insulin resistance. AIMS: The goal of this study was to evaluate the association between the TyG index and the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults. METHODS: A total of 135 individuals, men and women aged 60 to 90 years, were enrolled in a case and control study. Individuals with a diagnosis of MCI (n = 65) were allocated into the case group and compared with individuals without MCI (n = 70) in the control group. Alcohol intake, diabetes duration ≥5 years, diagnoses of cerebrovascular disease, brain injury, folic acid deficiency, dementia, moderate or severe CI, major depressive disorders, and thyroid disease were exclusion criteria. RESULTS: Individuals in the case group exhibited higher waist circumference (97.9 ± 13.9 93.5 ± 13.0, p = .001) and TyG index (5.0 ± 0.3 4.1 ± 0.2, p = .001) than individuals in the control group. The TyG index ≥4.68 (OR 6.91; 95% CI 2.05-11.68) and waist circumference (OR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01-1.06) were positively associated with MCI, while education level (OR 0.44; 95% CI 0.30-0.61), occupation (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.59-0.61), and exercise (OR 0.34; 95% CI 0.22-0.52) were inversely associated with MCI. After controlling for sex, age, waist circumference, education level, occupation, and exercise, a TyG index ≥4.68 remained significantly associated with MCI (OR 2.97; 95% CI 1.12-14.71). CONCLUSION: The TyG index is independently associated with the presence of MCI in older people.
The Relationship between the Lipid Accumulation Product and Beta-cell Function in Korean Adults with or without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Cho HE, Yang SB, Gi MY … +3 more , Cha JA, Park SY, Yoon H
Endocr Res · 2022 · PMID 35302423 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: This study was conducted to assess the relationship between the lipid accumulation product index (LAP) and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta-cell function (HOMA-) in Korean...
AIMS: This study was conducted to assess the relationship between the lipid accumulation product index (LAP) and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta-cell function (HOMA-) in Korean adults with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out using data from the 2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and included 4,922 adults aged 20 or older. RESULTS: There were several key findings. First, in overall population, after adjusting for related variables, HOMA-IR ( < .001) and HOMA- ( < .001) level were positively associated with quartiles of LAP. Second, in non-T2DM group, HOMA-IR ( < .001) and HOMA- level ( < .001) were positively associated with quartiles of LAP. Third, in T2DM group, HOMA-IR ( < .001) level was positively associated with the quartiles of LAP, but HOMA- ( = .153) level was not significant. In addition, HOMA- level was increased with an increasing metabolic syndrome component in non-T2DM ( < .001) but not in T2DM ( = .267). CONCLUSIONS: LAP was positively associated with both HOMA-IR and HOMA- in non-diabetic Korean adults. However, LAP was positively associated with HOMA-IR in Korean adults with T2DM, while the association with HOMA- was not significant.
The Association of RGS2 and Slug in the Androgen-induced Acquisition of Mesenchymal Features of Breast MDA-MB-453 Cancer Cells.
Alsafadi DB, Abdullah MS, Bawadi R … +1 more , Ahram M
Endocr Res · 2022 · PMID 35168462 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells is a prerequisite to cancer cell invasion and metastasis. This process involves a network of molecular alterations. Androgen receptor (AR) plays an impor...
BACKGROUND: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells is a prerequisite to cancer cell invasion and metastasis. This process involves a network of molecular alterations. Androgen receptor (AR) plays an important role in the biology of breast cancers, particularly those dependent on AR expression like luminal AR (LAR) breast cancer subtype. We have recently reported that the AR agonist, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), induces a mesenchymal transition of MDA-MB-453 cells, concomitant with transcriptional up-regulation of Slug and regulator of G protein signaling 2 (RGS2). OBJECTIVE: The role of Slug and RGS2 in mediating the DHT-induced effects in these cells was investigated. METHODS: MDA-MB-453 cells were used as a model system of LAR breast cancer. Immunofluorescence was used to examine cell morphology and protein localization. Protein expression was analyzed by immunoblotting. Protein localization was confirmed by cell fractionation followed by immunoblotting. Protein-protein interaction was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting. Transwell membranes were used to assess cell migration. Transfection of cells with siRNA molecules that target Slug and RGS2 mRNA was utilized to delineate the modes of action of these two molecules. RESULTS: Treatment of MDA-MB-453 cells with DHT induced the expression of both proteins. In addition, AR-Slug, AR-RGS2, and Slug-RGS2 interactions were observed shortly after AR activation. Knocking down Slug abrogated the basal, but not the DHT-induced, cell migration and blocked DHT-induced mesenchymal transition. On the other hand, RGS2 knocked-down cells had an increased level of Slug protein and assumed mesenchymal cell morphology with induced migration, and the addition of DHT further elongated cell morphology and stimulated their migration. Inhibition of AR or β-catenin reverted the RGS2 knocked-down cells to the epithelial phenotype, but only inhibition of AR blocked their DHT-induced migration. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest the involvement of RGS2 and Slug in a complex molecular network regulating the DHT-induced mesenchymal features in MDA-MB-453 cells. The study may offer a better understanding of the biological role of AR in breast cancer toward devising AR-based therapeutic strategies.
Association between Circulating Adiponectin and Heart Rate Recovery in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.
Sun W, Liu G, Liu B
Endocr Res · 2022 · PMID 34866535 · Publisher ↗
CONTEXT: Adiponectin (APN) is reported to be correlated closely with autonomic nervous function in different clinical settings. Heart rate recovery (HRR) is a noninvasive and readily obtainable indicator, which reflects...
CONTEXT: Adiponectin (APN) is reported to be correlated closely with autonomic nervous function in different clinical settings. Heart rate recovery (HRR) is a noninvasive and readily obtainable indicator, which reflects the coordinated interplay between parasympathetic reactivation and sympathetic withdrawal. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum APN and HRR in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) women. DESIGN: Eighty-nine PCOS women were enrolled and divided into two groups. Women with HRR values slower than 12 beats were defined as Blunted HRR Group. APN levels were compared between Blunted HRR Group and Normal HRR Group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to determine which clinical variables were independently associated with HRR and APN levels, respectively. RESULTS: Twenty-three women were categorized into Blunted HRR Group, in which APN level was significantly lower than Normal HRR Group. Age, body mass index, hypertension, and APN were independent factors of attenuated HRR in PCOS women. Meanwhile, multiple linear regression analysis showed age, dyslipidemia, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were closely associated with APN levels in PCOS women. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggested that decreased APN concentration was closely associated with HRR blunt in PCOS women. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying interactions between APN and autonomic nervous function.
Oocyte Survival and Development during Follicle Formation and Folliculogenesis in Mice Lacking Aromatase.
Toothaker JM, Roosa K, Voss A … +2 more , Getman SM, Pepling ME
Endocr Res · 2022 · PMID 34866531 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Assembly of oocytes into primordial follicles is essential for establishing the ovarian reserve required for female fertility. In mice, this process begins during embryonic development. Primordial germ cells...
BACKGROUND: Assembly of oocytes into primordial follicles is essential for establishing the ovarian reserve required for female fertility. In mice, this process begins during embryonic development. Primordial germ cells form cysts by incomplete mitosis until 13.5 days post coitum (dpc). These cysts break apart just before birth. Some oocytes undergo apoptosis while surviving oocytes are enclosed by granulosa cells to form primordial follicles. Cyst breakdown and primordial follicle formation were previously shown to be inhibited by estradiol and estrogenic compounds in vitro, suggesting that estrogen is important for regulation of this process. METHODS: To determine the role of fetal estrogen in cyst breakdown and follicle formation these processes were quantified in aromatase deficient (ArKO) mice between 17.5 dpc and postnatal day (PND) 9. Ovaries of ArKO mice were also examined at 2-week intervals to determine if folliculogenesis is affected by lack of estrogen and the age at which the typical ArKO ovarian phenotype first appears. RESULTS: Oocyte number, follicle assembly, and follicle development in ArKO mice did not differ from controls between 17.5 dpc and PND 9. At 2 weeks, ArKO ovaries still had oocytes in cysts while all oocytes were enclosed in follicles in wild type ovaries. From 2 to 8 weeks oocyte numbers were similar in all genotypes with a significant reduction at 10 weeks in ovaries from homozygous mutants. Abnormal hemorrhagic follicles were observed starting at 6 weeks, earlier than previously reported and hemosiderin deposits were found starting at 8 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a lack of fetal estrogen does not affect oocyte survival or the rate of primordial follicle formation perinatally, and maternal estrogen or other signals are the chief regulators. The appearance of abnormal hemorrhagic follicles observed as early as 6 weeks suggests that the lack of estrogen becomes problematic at this time.
Possible Contributions of Nongenomic Actions of Thyroid Hormones to the Vasculopathic Complex of COVID-19 Infection.
Davis PJ, Lin HY, Hercbergs A … +2 more , Keating KA, Mousa SA
Endocr Res · 2022 Feb · PMID 34775877 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Integrin αvβ3 is a cell membrane structural protein whose extracellular domain contains a receptor for L-thyroxine (T4). The integrin is expressed in rapidly dividing cells and its internalization is prompted...
BACKGROUND: Integrin αvβ3 is a cell membrane structural protein whose extracellular domain contains a receptor for L-thyroxine (T4). The integrin is expressed in rapidly dividing cells and its internalization is prompted by T4. The protein binds viruses and we have raised the possibility elsewhere that action of free T4 (FT4)-when he latter is increased in the nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) known to complicate COVID-19 infecction-may enhance cellular uptke of SARS-CoV-2 and its receptor. OBJECTIVE: Because T4 also acts nongenomically via the integrin to promote platelet aggregation and angiogenesis, we suggest here that T4 may contribute to the coagulopathy and endothelial abnormalities that can develop in COVID-19 infections, particularly when the lung is primary affected. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Elevated FT4 has been described in the NTIS of COVID-19 patients and may be associated with increased illness severity, but the finding of FT4 elevation is inconsistent in the NTIS literature. Circulating 3,5',3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (reverse T3, rT3) are frequently elevated in NTIS. Thought to be biologically inactive, rT3in fact stimulates cancer cell proliferation via avb3 and also may increase actin polymerization. We propose here that rT3 in the NTIS complicating systemic COVIF-19 infection may support coagulation and disordered blood vessel formation via actin polymerization.
Differential Risk of Cancer Associated with Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Analysis of Real-world Databases.
Wang J, Kim CH
Endocr Res · 2022 Feb · PMID 34459679 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1Ra) are commonly used in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, differential risk of various cancers among GLP1Ra recipients is unknown. METHODS: We inquired...
BACKGROUND: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1Ra) are commonly used in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, differential risk of various cancers among GLP1Ra recipients is unknown. METHODS: We inquired an aggregated electronic health record database, Explorys, and compared the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of cancers between GLP1Ra and metformin users. Findings were validated in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FDA FAERS). RESULTS: From 1/2005 to 6/2019, we identified 619 340 and 64 230 patients in the metformin and GLP1Ra group, respectively. Within 5 years of starting antidiabetic medications, GLP1Ra was associated with significantly lower incident risk of prostate (aOR 0.81, = .03), lung (aOR 0.81, = .05), and colon cancer (aOR 0.85, = .03), while the risk of thyroid cancer was significantly higher (aOR 1.65, < .01). Similar findings were seen in the FDA FAERS database, where GLP1Ra was associated with lower risk of prostate (aOR 0.72, = .08), lung (aOR 0.52, < .01), colon cancer (aOR 0.82, = .31), and higher risk of thyroid cancer (aOR 4.33, < .01). In addition, with longer duration of GLP1Ra use, the risk of prostate, lung, and colon cancer further decreased, suggesting an exposure duration-response relationship. CONCLUSIONS: GLP1Ra is associated with lower risks of prostate, lung, and colon cancer, but higher risk of thyroid cancer.
The Relationship Between Insulin Use And Increased Mortality In Patients With COVID-19 And Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis.
Wang W, Sun Y, Wang S … +1 more , Sun Y
Endocr Res · 2022 Feb · PMID 34409914 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to review observational studies on the effect of insulin use and mortality in patients with COVID-19 and diabetes. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using the Pub...
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to review observational studies on the effect of insulin use and mortality in patients with COVID-19 and diabetes. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases. The meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model, and I was applied to evaluate heterogeneity. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also performed. RESULTS: Overall, 1,338 patients over six studies were ultimately included. Insulin use was related to a higher risk of death in diabetic patients with COVID-19 compared to those who did not use insulin (odds ratio: 2.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.66-4.05; P < .0001; I: 57%). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis revealed a correlation between insulin usage and increased mortality in diabetic patients with COVID-19. These results showed that insulin requirement in patients with COVID-19 and diabetes might indicate a poor prognosis.
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