Annals Of General Psychiatry[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Assessing suicidality in adult ADHD patients: prevalence and related factors : Suicidality in adult ADHD patients.
Di Salvo G, Perotti C, Filippo L … +3 more , Garrone C, Rosso G, Maina G
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Nov · PMID 39487473 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The association between Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and suicidality has been subject of growing interest for research in the latest years. Suicidality was generally assessed categorically...
BACKGROUND: The association between Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and suicidality has been subject of growing interest for research in the latest years. Suicidality was generally assessed categorically and without the use of validated instruments, leading to heterogeneous or even conflicting evidence. The prevalence of both suicidal ideation and attempts varies considerably, and the associated risk factors remain unclear. Our study investigated suicidality in ADHD using a dimensional approach and a validated and internationally recognized instrument. Our primary aim was to evaluate the prevalence of suicidal ideation (SI), severe suicidal ideation (SSI), suicidal behavior (SB) and non suicidal self-injury behavior (NSSIB) in a sample of adult patients with ADHD. The second objective was to identify sociodemographic and clinical features associated with increased risk of suicidality in these patients. METHODS: The sample included 74 adult patients with clinical diagnosis of ADHD. Suicidality was assessed by administering the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Logistic regressions were used to examine predictors of SI, SSI, SB and NSSIB. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence of SI and SSI were 59.5% and 16.2%, respectively. The 9.5% of patients showed lifetime SB, while NSSIB was found in 10.8% of the subjects. Lifetime SI was associated with severity of inattentive symptoms during adulthood, low self-esteem and impairment in social functioning. Lifetime SSI appeared related to severity of inattentive symptoms during childhood, attentional impulsiveness and number of hospitalizations, while physical activity appeared to be protective. The prevalence of lifetime SB and NSSIB did not appear significantly related to any socio-demographic or clinical feature. CONCLUSIONS: Adults with ADHD should be considered at risk of suicide and it is important to determine which patients are at higher risk, in order to guide preventive interventions. The association between ADHD and suicidal ideation did not appear to be influenced by psychiatric comorbidities, but rather by inattention itself, which represents the core symptom of ADHD.
Management of schizophrenia and comorbid substance use disorders: expert review and guidance.
Neyra A, Parro-Torres C, Ros-Cucurull E … +3 more , Carrera I, Echarri E, Torrens M
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Oct · PMID 39478536 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia and substance use disorders (SUDs) are often comorbid conditions that present clinical challenges due to their heterogeneity and the difficulties associated with poor physical health, low medica...
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia and substance use disorders (SUDs) are often comorbid conditions that present clinical challenges due to their heterogeneity and the difficulties associated with poor physical health, low medication adherence, high relapse and hospitalization rates, and increased risk of mortality. This is often exacerbated by a fragmented health care system that treats addiction and mental illness separately, leading to delays in proper diagnosis and treatment. MAIN TEXT: The aim of this narrative review, based on an extensive literature search and experts' clinical experience, is to synthesize evidence on the psychopathological and clinical characteristics of patients, the burden and management at the level of healthcare system, and possible gaps in the treatment of schizophrenia with comorbid SUD in order to understand and address the needs of patients. Treatment options, differences between antipsychotic medications, and the benefits of long-acting formulations and partial dopaminergic agonists are described. Partial dopamine agonists (aripiprazole, cariprazine, and brexpiprazole) have demonstrated good control of psychotic symptoms and SUDs with a favorable safety profile. CONCLUSION: Pharmacological interventions should be accompanied by psychosocial support within an integrated and multidisciplinary approach that promotes shared decision-making and a good therapeutic alliance between the entire medical team and the patient.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of depression: a bibliometrics and meta-analysis.
Wang X, Nie X, Zhang F … +4 more , Wei Y, Zeng W, Zhang Y, Lin H
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Oct · PMID 39449080 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to reveal the current knowledge map, research hotspots of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies on depression, as well as identify the brain regions associated with depression....
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to reveal the current knowledge map, research hotspots of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies on depression, as well as identify the brain regions associated with depression. METHODS: CiteSpace was conducted to analyze the publication outputs, country, institution, cited journals, author and cited author, references, keyword cocurrence and burst keywords of fMRI studies in depression from 2010 to 2024. And a meta-analysis of fMRI was used to identify brain regions associated with depression using Neurosynth. RESULTS: A total of 4,049 publications were included, and Gong Qiyong was the most prolific authors. Neuroimage, Biological Psychiatry, and Human Brain Mapping were prominent journals. Default mode network (DMN), prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and anterior cingulate cortex were the popular keywords. The fMRI studies on depression have mainly focused on major depression, especially the DMN. Functional connectivity and regional homogeneity of brain regions were research hotspots. The meta-analysis revealed significant differences in brain regions between patients with depression and healthy controls, including the Amygdala_L, Insula_R, Frontal_Inf_Oper_R, Cingulum_Post_L, Putamen_L, Thalamus_R, Angular_L, Precuneus_R, Frontal_Sup_R, Occipital_Inf_L. CONCLUSIONS: This study sheds light on key issues and future directions in fMRI research on depression, elucidating the brain regions related to depression.
What is the effect of lithium use on the amygdalar volume of adult patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder: a scoping review.
Solleti A, Naeem A
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Oct · PMID 39449057 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Bipolar disorder is a psychiatric condition commonly treated with lithium. This treatment has various biological effects on the brain; however, variability in the areas and types of changes as a result of l...
INTRODUCTION: Bipolar disorder is a psychiatric condition commonly treated with lithium. This treatment has various biological effects on the brain; however, variability in the areas and types of changes as a result of lithium treatment has resulted in discourse over lithium's effect. As a result, a comprehensive synthesis is needed to understand lithium's true neurological effect. This review aims to identify a common result of lithium use in the neurobiology of bipolar patients, specifically in the amygdala, to determine whether volumetric changes in the amygdala are a common effect. METHODS: We conducted a preliminary search to identify key search terms across electronic databases, including Google Scholar and PubMed. After screening and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 cross-sectional studies were identified. RESULTS: The evidence from these cross-sectional studies showed either an increase or no change in amygdalar volume. While this fails to identify a definite pattern in amygdalar volume changes, it highlights a need for further research to identify sources of heterogeneity and minimize them to ascertain accurate results. CONCLUSIONS: The present review may be used to influence future work concerning neurobiological changes in the amygdala as a result of lithium treatment for bipolar patients by summarizing patterns in the current literature.
Serum L-selectin levels as predictive markers for chronic major depressive disorder progression.
Yun Y, Mun S, Lee S … +2 more , Kang HG, Lee J
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Oct · PMID 39415236 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibits a recurrence rate of up to 70%. Frequent recurrence can lead to chronic depression, which has considerable personal and societal consequences. This study aims to ident...
BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibits a recurrence rate of up to 70%. Frequent recurrence can lead to chronic depression, which has considerable personal and societal consequences. This study aims to identify a serum protein biomarker to predict MDD recurrence and progression to chronicity. METHODS: Serum samples from the MDD with single episode group (MDD-S), MDD with recurrence group (MDD-R), and a healthy control group were collected. Non-targeted analysis of the serum proteome was conducted using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Statistically significant common proteins when comparing the three groups were chosen. The selected marker candidates were subsequently validated through multiple response monitoring (MRM), incorporating a healthy control, MDD-S, MDD-R(2) (two episodes), and MDD-R(> 2) (more than two episodes) groups. RESULTS: L-selectin levels showed an upward trend in the MDD-R group compared to the healthy control and MDD-S groups. MRM validation revealed a decreased tendency for L-selectin in the MDD-R(> 2) group, indicative of a chronic state, versus the healthy control and MDD-S groups. The receiver operating characteristic analysis highlighted L-selectin as the chosen biomarker due to its classification efficacy for the MDD-R(> 2) group. CONCLUSION: L-selectin emerged as a predictive biomarker for MDD recurrence and its potential evolution into chronic depression. This marker offers insights into changes in leukocyte-mediated inflammatory responses characteristic of chronic depression. Consequently, it may forecast the transition from acute to chronic inflammation in depressive patients.
Trends in Mental Health: A Review of the Most Influential Research on Depression in Children and Adolescents.
Mei F, Wang Z
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Oct · PMID 39396011 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Depression is a common mental disorder in children and adolescents, with a global prevalence of approximately 33%, severely affecting their physical, mental health, and academic performance. This study aims t...
BACKGROUND: Depression is a common mental disorder in children and adolescents, with a global prevalence of approximately 33%, severely affecting their physical, mental health, and academic performance. This study aims to identify and assess the 100 most-cited articles (T100 articles) on depression in children and adolescents. METHODS: The T100 articles in the field of depression were retrieved from the SCI-E and SSCI databases. A comprehensive analysis of the T100 articles was conducted, including the number of citations, countries, journals, keywords, authors, and topics. RESULTS: Between 1981 and 2021, T100 articles in child and adolescent depression received 423 to 3949 citations. Most articles originated from the USA, with Kovacs M as the top-ranked author. The University of Pittsburgh and Columbia University published the top two T100 articles. The T100 articles were published in 36 journals, led by AMA Psychiatry. Co-occurrence keywords analyses reveal six key foci: Pathogenesis of Depression, Treatment of MDD in Children, Early Childhood Treatment, Adolescent Depression Manifestations, Gender and Depression, and Primary Care Considerations, with pathogenesis as a future trend. CONCLUSIONS: Our research presents an exhaustive list of the most highly cited articles on depression in children and adolescents. Our findings not only underscore the significance of international cooperation but also reveal a pressing need to prioritize and bolster preventive research, particularly the development and refinement of early screening and intervention programs.
Accelerating depression intervention: identifying critical psychological factors using MCDM-MOORA technique for early therapy initiation.
Majumder P, Pal A, Dorai DR … +5 more , Gopinathan B, Mallik S, Ahmad N, Badawy AS, Changalasetty SB
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Oct · PMID 39385215 · Full text
BACKGROUND: A thorough psychosocial assessment is time-consuming, often requiring multiple sessions to uncover the psychological factors contributing to mental illness, such as depression. The duration varies depending o...
BACKGROUND: A thorough psychosocial assessment is time-consuming, often requiring multiple sessions to uncover the psychological factors contributing to mental illness, such as depression. The duration varies depending on the severity of the patient's condition and how effectively the psychotherapist can establish rapport. However, prolonged assessment periods pose a significant risk of patient deterioration. METHODS: The comprehensive psychosocial intervention, led by the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach utilizing the Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis (MOORA) method, played a pivotal role in identifying the key psychological factors contributing to the depression of the client among the 21 factors specified by BDI-II analysis. RESULTS: The integration of the MOORA strategy compared to traditional psychotherapy on 254 samples demonstrates a Jaccard similarity coefficient of 0.8, with a minimum error margin of 7% (vulnerability index = 0.57), indicating a significant agreement between the two approaches, both converging towards a similar solution. For patients with extreme depression, the number of sessions reduced from 18 ± 2 to 11 ± 2, showing a 33-35% reduction (χ = 6.94, p = 0.008). Severe depression patients experienced a reduction from 14 ± 2 to 8 ± 1 sessions i.e., 34-39% reduction (χ = 8.32, p = 0.004). Moderate depression patients saw sessions drop from 9 ± 1 to 5 ± 1, i.e., 37-43% reduction (χ = 0.29, p = 0.001). The accuracy for detecting dominant psychological factors improved to 82.88% for extreme, 86.74% for severe, and 90.34% for moderate depression, respectively. CONCLUSION: The implementation of MOORA facilitated the identification and prioritization of key psychosocial intervention strategies, making the process significantly faster compared to traditional methods. This acceleration greatly enhanced the precision and efficacy of the work. Additionally, critical vulnerable factors were identified through ordered statistics and correlation analysis [Pearson (r) = 0.8929 and Spearman's rank (ρ) = 0.7551] on the Beck Depression Inventory-II model. These findings were supported by other MCDM schemes such as EDAS and TOPSIS, demonstrating high stability and robustness in dynamic decision-making environments, maintaining consistency across scenarios adapted by different psychotherapists. Overall, the combined application of MCDM (MOORA) and targeted psychological interventions yielded substantial positive outcomes in enhancing the well-being of individuals with psychological illnesses, such as depression, cognitive, affective, and somatic syndromes.
Relationship of metabolites and metabolic ratios with schizophrenia: a mendelian randomization study.
Huang Y, Wang H, Zheng J … +1 more , Zhou N
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Sep · PMID 39350216 · Full text
BACKGROUND: This study aims to investigate the causal relationship of human plasma metabolites and metabolic ratios with schizophrenia (SCZ). METHODS: We employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to comprehensively...
BACKGROUND: This study aims to investigate the causal relationship of human plasma metabolites and metabolic ratios with schizophrenia (SCZ). METHODS: We employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to comprehensively analyze two large-scale metabolomics and schizophrenia Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) datasets, incorporating a total of 1091 metabolites and 309 metabolic ratios, with 52017 schizophrenia patients and 75889 healthy controls. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method was utilized to estimate the causal relationship between exposure and outcome. To provide a more comprehensive evaluation, additional Mendelian Randomization (MR) approaches were employed, including MR-Egger regression, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode methods. These analyses assessed the causal effects between blood metabolites, metabolic ratios, and schizophrenia. Tests for pleiotropy and heterogeneity were conducted. False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction was applied to account for multiple comparisons and heterogeneity, ensuring the robustness and reliability of our findings. Consistent with previous studies, an FDR threshold of < 0.2 was considered suggestive of a causal relationship, while an FDR of < 0.05 was considered to indicate a significant causal relationship. RESULTS: The final results revealed that a significant causal association was found between the levels of two metabolites and schizophrenia, Alliin (OR = 0.915, 95%CI = 0.879-0.953, P = 1.93 × 10, FDR = 0.013) was associated with a decreased risk of schizophrenia, N-actylcitrulline (OR = 1.058, 95%CI = 1.034-1.083, P = 1.4 × 10, FDR = 0.002) was associated with increased risk of schizophrenia. When adjusting FDR to 0.2, the results showed that 4 metabolite levels and 2 metabolite ratios were suggestively causally associated with a reduced risk of schizophrenia including 2-aminooctanoate (OR = 0.904, 95%CI = 0.847-0.964, P = 0.002, FDR = 0.160), N-lactoylvaline (OR = 0.853, 95%CI = 0.775-0.938, P = 0.001,FDR = 0.122), X - 21310 (OR = 0.917, 95%CI = 0.866-0.971, P = 0.003,FDR = 0.195), X - 26111 (OR = 0.932, 95%CI = 0.890-0.976, P = 0.003,FDR = 0.189), Arachidonate (20:4n6) to oleate to vaccenate (18:1) ratio (OR = 0.945, 95%CI = 0.914-0.977, P = 8.2 × 10, FDR = 0.104), and Citrulline to ornithine ratio (OR = 0.924, 95%CI = 0.881-0.969, P = 0.001, FDR = 0.122), while 4 metabolite levels and 2 metabolite ratios were suggestively causally associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia including N2, N5-diacetylornithine (OR = 1.090, 95%CI = 1.031-1.153, P = 0.003, FDR = 0.185), N - acetyl - 2-aminooctanoate (OR = 1.069, 95%CI=(1.027-1.114, P = 0.001, FDR = 0.127), N - acetyl - 2-aminoadipate (OR = 1.081, 95%CI = 1.030-1.133, P = 0.001, FDR = 0.128), X - 13844 (OR = 1.110, 95%CI = 1.036-1.190, P = 0.003, FDR = 0.196), X - 24556 (OR = 1.083, 95%CI = 1.036-1.132, P = 4.5 × 10, FDR = 0.098), X - 24736 (OR = 1.065, 95%CI = 1.028-1.104, P = 5.6 × 10, FDR = 0.098), N - acetylasparagine (OR = 1.048, 95%CI = 1.021-1.075, P = 4.5 × 10, FDR = 0.098), N - acetylarginine (OR = 1.060, 95%CI = 1.028-1.092, P = 1.8 × 10, FDR = 0.083), Cysteine to alanine ratio (OR = 1.086, 95%CI = 1.036-1.138, P = 6.5 × 10, FDR = 0.101), and Benzoate to linoleoyl - arachidonoyl - glycerol (18:2 to 20:4) ratio (OR = 1.070, 95%CI = 1.025-1.117, P = 0.002, FDR = 0.158). CONCLUSION: Our study results provide valuable insights for identifying diagnostic biomarkers related to schizophrenia and offer preliminary research findings for further exploration of the mechanisms linking schizophrenia and metabolism.
An economic model to understand the cost-effectiveness of olanzapine orally dispersible tablets (ODT) and olanzapine film coated tablets as a group compared with other oral atypical antipsychotics for treating schizophrenia in Morocco.
Tazi A, Errachidi F, Sonawane D … +3 more , Tahri G, Rao S, Mehta S
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Sep · PMID 39294740 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic medications are the primary treatment for schizophrenia, with olanzapine being an effective medication for schizophrenia. The economic cost for each individual with schizophrenia is high, with a...
BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic medications are the primary treatment for schizophrenia, with olanzapine being an effective medication for schizophrenia. The economic cost for each individual with schizophrenia is high, with antipsychotic medication being a major expense. This study aims to develop an economic decision model that compares different treatment options for schizophrenia patients, including olanzapine Orally Dispersible Tablets (ODT), olanzapine [ODT + Standard Oral Tablet (SOT)], risperidone (ODT + SOT), and aripiprazole (ODT + SOT), to determine their cost-effectiveness with an objective to optimize healthcare resource allocation in Morocco. METHODS: The study used published medical literature and a clinical expert panel to develop a decision analytic model. This model was designed to capture parameters such as adherence levels, treatment discontinuation, relapse with and without hospitalization, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), treatment-related adverse events, healthcare resource utilization, and associated costs. The main outcomes of interest included the total annual direct cost per treatment, QALYs, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per 1 QALY gained. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were employed to account for parameter uncertainty. RESULTS: According to the simulation model, the ODT and ODT + SOT as a group form of olanzapine was the most effective treatment option in terms of the lowest percentages of inpatient relapse, and patients who remained stable (11% and 79% respectively) than risperidone (19% and 62% respectively) and aripiprazole ODT (26% and 50% respectively) and ODT + SOT formulation groups. Olanzapine (ODT + SOT) therapy group was cost-effective when compared to the combined group of ODT + SOT forms of risperidone [ICER: Moroccan Dirham (MAD) 103,907], and aripiprazole (ICER: MAD 65,047). Additionally, olanzapine ODT was found to be cost-effective compared to olanzapine SOT with an ICER of MAD 3921, risperidone ODT with an ICER of MAD 1,02,298, risperidone SOT with an ICER of MAD 31,088, and aripiprazole ODT or SOT formulations. All the above ICERs fall under the willingness-to-pay threshold in Morocco of MAD 250,832.40. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of the findings. CONCLUSIONS: The model concluded that olanzapine ODT is the most cost-effective first-line treatment option for schizophrenia in Morocco when compared to other atypical antipsychotic medications in ODT and SOT formulations.
Research landscape analysis on dual diagnosis of substance use and mental health disorders: key contributors, research hotspots, and emerging research topics.
Sweileh WM
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Aug · PMID 39215276 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Substance use disorders (SUDs) and mental health disorders (MHDs) are significant public health challenges with far-reaching consequences on individuals and society. Dual diagnosis, the coexistence of SUDs an...
BACKGROUND: Substance use disorders (SUDs) and mental health disorders (MHDs) are significant public health challenges with far-reaching consequences on individuals and society. Dual diagnosis, the coexistence of SUDs and MHDs, poses unique complexities and impacts treatment outcomes. A research landscape analysis was conducted to explore the growth, active countries, and active journals in this field, identify research hotspots, and emerging research topics. METHOD: A systematic research landscape analysis was conducted using Scopus to retrieve articles on dual diagnosis of SUDs and MHDs. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to focus on research articles published in English up to December 2022. Data were processed and mapped using VOSviewer to visualize research trends. RESULTS: A total of 935 research articles were found. The number of research articles on has been increasing steadily since the mid-1990s, with a peak of publications between 2003 and 2012, followed by a fluctuating steady state from 2013 to 2022. The United States contributed the most articles (62.5%), followed by Canada (9.4%). The Journal of Dual Diagnosis, Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, and Mental Health and Substance Use Dual Diagnosis were the top active journals in the field. Key research hotspots include the comorbidity of SUDs and MHDs, treatment interventions, quality of life and functioning, epidemiology, and the implications of comorbidity. Emerging research topics include neurobiological and psychosocial aspects, environmental and sociocultural factors, innovative interventions, special populations, and public health implications. CONCLUSIONS: The research landscape analysis provides valuable insights into dual diagnosis research trends, active countries, journals, and emerging topics. Integrated approaches, evidence-based interventions, and targeted policies are crucial for addressing the complex interplay between substance use and mental health disorders and improving patient outcomes.
Association between rTMS-induced changes in inflammatory markers and improvement in psychiatric diseases: a systematic review.
Pedraz-Petrozzi B, Insan S, Spangemacher M … +5 more , Reinwald J, Lamadé EK, Gilles M, Deuschle M, Sartorius A
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Aug · PMID 39192245 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has recently gained relevance in treating different psychiatric disorders. Limited evidence suggests that the beneficial effects of rTMS on psychopathology...
BACKGROUND: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has recently gained relevance in treating different psychiatric disorders. Limited evidence suggests that the beneficial effects of rTMS on psychopathology could be at least partly mediated through changes in inflammatory response. This systematic review summarizes the literature on whether rTMS can modulate inflammatory markers and thus positively influence the course of psychiatric illnesses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review of rTMS and inflammatory markers in psychiatric diseases was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Information on the association between rTMS treatment response and changes of inflammatory markers was extracted. The quality of the studies was assessed using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute for human studies and the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation for animal studies. RESULTS: This review includes 17 studies (2 animal and 15 human studies) on the relationship between rTMS treatment response and changes of inflammatory markers. Positive changes in microglial activity and anti-inflammatory effects were associated with behavioral improvement in animal models of depression. However, these findings have not been consistently replicated in human studies focusing on treatment-resistant depression. While several studies reported rTMS-induced alterations in peripheral inflammatory markers, only two could demonstrate their association to clinical treatment response. Notably, most studies showed poor or moderate quality in the bias assessment. CONCLUSIONS: While certain human studies suggest an association between rTMS-induced anti-inflammatory effects and improvement in psychopathology, heterogeneity, and underpowered analyses constrain the generalizability of these results. The discrepancy between animal and human findings highlights the need for larger, standardized human studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: (PROSPERO Registration: CRD42023492732).
Maternal depression and early childhood development among children aged 24-59 months: the mediating effect of responsive caregiving.
Zou S, Zou X, Zhang R … +5 more , Xue K, Xiao AY, Zhou M, Fu Z, Zhou H
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Aug · PMID 39164699 · Full text
This study examined whether maternal depression is related to Early Childhood Developmental (ECD) delay among children by quantifying the mediating contribution of responsive caregiving. We used data from 1235 children (...
This study examined whether maternal depression is related to Early Childhood Developmental (ECD) delay among children by quantifying the mediating contribution of responsive caregiving. We used data from 1235 children (Children's mean age = 50.4 months; 582 girls, 653 boys, 93.9% were Han), selected through convenience sampling, in 2021. 4.7% of children had ECD delay, 34.3% of mothers had depression. Children with depressed mothers were less likely to receive responsive caregiving (OR 4.35, 95% CI 2.60-7.27), and those who did not receive responsive caregiving were more likely to experience ECD delay (OR 3.89, 95% CI 1.89-8.02). Responsive caregiving partly mediated the relationship between maternal depression and ECD. Early intervention for children with depressed mothers is worthy of further investigation.
Global, regional, and national time trends in incidence for depressive disorders, from 1990 to 2019: an age-period-cohort analysis for the GBD 2019.
Wu Y, Fan L, Xia F … +13 more , Zhou Y, Wang H, Feng L, Xie S, Xu W, Xie Z, He J, Liu D, He S, Xu Y, Deng J, Wang T, Chen L
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Aug · PMID 39095916 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Even with advances in primary health care, depressive disorders remain a major global public health problem. We conducted an in-depth analysis of global, regional and national trends in depressive disorders i...
BACKGROUND: Even with advances in primary health care, depressive disorders remain a major global public health problem. We conducted an in-depth analysis of global, regional and national trends in depressive disorders incidence over the past 30 years. METHODS: Data on the incidence of depressive disorders were obtained by sex (female, male, and both), location (204 countries), age (5-84 years), year (1990-2019) from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019. Further, age-period-cohort modeling was used to estimate the net drift, local drift, age, period and cohort effects between 1990 and 2019. RESULTS: In 2019, although the incidence of depressive disorders has increased by 59.3% to 290 million (95% UI: 256, 328), the age-standardized incidence rate has decreased by 2.35% to 3588.25 per 100,000 people (3152.71, 4060.42) compared to 1990. There was an emerging transition of incidences from the young and middle-aged population to the old population. From 1990 to 2019, the net drift of incidence rate ranged from -0.54% (-0.61%, -0.47%) in low-middle Socio-demographic Index (SDI) regions to 0.52% (0.25%, 0.79%) in high SDI regions. Globally, the incidence rate of depressive disorders increases with age, period effects showing a decreasing risk and cohort effects beginning to decline after the 1960s. CONCLUSIONS: Our current findings reflect substantial health disparities and potential priority-setting of depressive disorders incidence in the three dimensions of age, period and cohort across SDI regions, countries. The scope of healthcare to improve the progression of depressive disorders events can be expanded to include males, females of all ages.
Predictors of continuation for asenapine from real-world data in patients with schizophrenia.
Takekita Y, Hiraoka S, Iwama Y … +9 more , Matsui D, Aoki N, Ogata H, Funatsuki T, Shimizu T, Murase Y, Shimamoto Y, Koshikawa Y, Kato M
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Aug · PMID 39095878 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The continuation rates of pharmacotherapy in schizophrenia exhibit variability, a phenomenon influenced by the specific antipsychotic agent prescribed and patient-related factors such as age and duration of i...
BACKGROUND: The continuation rates of pharmacotherapy in schizophrenia exhibit variability, a phenomenon influenced by the specific antipsychotic agent prescribed and patient-related factors such as age and duration of illness. In this context, our study aims to elucidate the predictors of medication continuation for asenapine sublingual tablets, characterized by unique formulation properties. METHODS: Our investigation leveraged real-world data collected through post-marketing surveillance in Japan, comprising 3236 cases. Utilizing multivariate logistic regression analysis, we identified patient-related factors associated with medication continuation as the primary outcome measure, subsequently employing survival analysis for further evaluation. Additionally, adverse event occurrence was assessed as a secondary outcome measure. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis unveiled significant predictors of asenapine continuation, notably including patient-related factors such as a chlorpromazine equivalent dose exceeding 600 mg/day and an illness duration of 25 years or more. While the overall continuation rate stood at 40.6%, patients exhibiting factors such as a chlorpromazine equivalent dose surpassing 600 mg/day or an illness duration exceeding 25 years demonstrated continuation rates of 46.3% and 47.9%, respectively. Remarkably, patients presenting both factors showcased the highest continuation rate at 52.5%. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings shed light on distinct patient-related predictors of asenapine continuation, deviating from those observed with other antipsychotic medications. This underscores the necessity of recognizing that predictive factors for antipsychotic medication continuation vary across different agents. Moving forward, elucidating these predictive factors for various antipsychotic medications holds paramount importance in schizophrenia treatment, facilitating the delivery of tailored therapeutic interventions for individual patients.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and C-reactive protein (CRP) biomarkers in suicide attempter and non-attempter major depression disorder (MDD) patients.
Saadat SH, Javanbakht M, Shahyad S
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Jul · PMID 39039500 · Full text
BACKGROUND: In the available literature, levels of BDNF and CRP have been reported to correlate with suicide in depressive patients but there are inconsistencies in the results. We aimed to evaluate and compare BDNF and...
BACKGROUND: In the available literature, levels of BDNF and CRP have been reported to correlate with suicide in depressive patients but there are inconsistencies in the results. We aimed to evaluate and compare BDNF and CRP concentrations in MDD patients with(MDD + SA) and without suicide attempts (MDD-SA) and healthy controls. METHODS: 30 (MDD + SA) patients, 30 (MDD-SA) patients, and 26 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Age, sex, and BMI of patients were recorded. Blood sample was obtained for measurement of BDNF and CRP. Smoking and drug history, family history of suicide, and history of self-harm were also documented. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 22 and R version 4.1.1. RESULTS: 86 patients in three groups were evaluated (mean age: 28.45 ± 9.27 years, 56.71% female). Baseline and demographic parameters except for self-harm (40%, 3.3%, and 0% for MDD + SA, MDD-SA, and healthy controls, respectively, p = 0.001) did not differ between groups. CRP level was not significantly different between groups. BDNF showed a significant difference between groups (17.35, 16.45, and 19.43 for three groups, respectively, p < 0.001). An increase in BDNF decreased the odds of both depression and suicide. Roc curve showed excellent power for BDNF in discriminating MDD groups With healthy group.Roc can notdicrimiate MDD + SA and MDD-SA. CONCLUSION: In our study, the concentration of BDNF differed significantly between depressed patients with/without suicide attempts and healthy controls which shows the association of BDNF with depression development and not suicide attempts. We could not find any association between CRP level and suicide attempt but still larger cohorts are needed for a definite conclusion.
Long-term safety and effectiveness of lurasidone in adolescents and young adults with schizophrenia: pooled post hoc analyses of two 12-month extension studies.
Calisti F, Tocco M, Mao Y … +1 more , Goldman R
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Jul · PMID 39020362 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the long-term safety and effectiveness of lurasidone in the treatment of schizophrenia in adolescents and young adults (13-25). METHODS: The 2 pooled st...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the long-term safety and effectiveness of lurasidone in the treatment of schizophrenia in adolescents and young adults (13-25). METHODS: The 2 pooled studies used similar designs and outcome measures. Patients (13-25) with schizophrenia completed an initial double-blind 6-week trial of lurasidone (40 and 80 mg/day) in the adolescent trial and (80 and 160 mg/day) in the young adult trial. In open-label long-term trials, adolescent patients were treated with 20-80 mg/day lurasidone, and adults were treated with 40-160 mg/day lurasidone. Efficacy was evaluated based on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S). RESULTS: The safety population consisted of 306 patients (mean age, 16.2 years; 208 patients (68.0%) who completed 12 months of treatment; 8.2% who discontinued treatment by 12 months due to an adverse event). The mean (SD) changes in the PANSS total score from the extension baseline to months 6 and 12 were - 11.8 (13.9) and - 15.3 (15.0), respectively (OC), and the mean (SD) changes in the CGI-S score were - 0.8 (1.0) and - 1.0 (1.1), respectively (OC). The most frequent adverse events were headache (17.6%), anxiety (11.4%), schizophrenia (9.8%), and nausea (9.8%). No clinically meaningful changes were observed in weight, metabolic parameters, or prolactin. CONCLUSIONS: In adolescents and young adults with schizophrenia, treatment with lurasidone was generally well tolerated and effective. Long-term treatment was associated with a continued reduction in symptoms of schizophrenia. Long-term treatment was associated with minimal effects on weight, metabolic parameters, and prolactin. CLINICALTRIALS: gov identifiers D1050234, D1050302.
Association of both depressive symptoms scores and specific depressive symptoms with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality.
Liu T, Wang L, Zhu Z … +4 more , Wang B, Lu Z, Pan Y, Sun L
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Jul · PMID 39010080 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The presence of depression related to an increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has been reported. However, studies conducted on certain specific depressive symptoms are scarce...
BACKGROUND: The presence of depression related to an increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality has been reported. However, studies conducted on certain specific depressive symptoms are scarce. Our purpose was to assess the effect of both depressive symptoms scores and certain specific depressive symptoms on all-cause and CVD mortality. METHODS: In the present cohort study, all participants, aged 18 years or older, were enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2014. Depressive symptoms score was assessed using the validated 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-9), which ranges from 0 to 27, with a PHQ-9 score ≥ 10 diagnosed as depression. The outcome events were all-cause and CVD mortality, which were followed up from 2005 to 2014. The associations of both depressive symptoms score and certain specific depressive symptoms with all-cause and CVD mortality were examined by weighted multivariable proportional hazards models. RESULTS: A total of 26,028 participants aged ≥ 18 years were included in the statistical analysis, including 12,813 (49.2%) males and 13,215 (50.8%) females, with a mean (SD) age of 47.34 (18.86) years. During the 9.32 (3.20) years of mean (SD) follow-up, 3261 deaths were recorded, of which 826 were cardiovascular deaths. All-cause mortality was 16.87/1000 person-years in subjects with depression. In terms of CVD mortality, these figures were 4.53/1000 person-years. In the full model (model 3), elevated depressive symptoms scores were independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (Highest depression symptom score group: adjusted hazard ratio, 1.63; 95% CI 1.44-1.85) and CVD mortality (Highest depression symptom score group: adjusted hazard ratio, 1.73; 95% CI 1.34-2.24). All 9 specific depressive symptoms that make up the PHQ-9 were related to an increased risk of all-cause mortality. However, only 3 symptoms, including trouble sleeping or sleeping too much, poor appetite or overeating, and suicidal ideation, were no significantly associated with an increased risk of CVD mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The elevated depressive symptoms scores were strongly associated with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in US adults. Furthermore, all 9 specific depressive symptoms were associated with high all-cause mortality. However, trouble sleeping or sleeping too much, poor appetite or overeating, and suicidal ideation might not increase the risk of CVD mortality.
Empowerment of Italian general practitioners in depression and suicide prevention: the iFightDepression tool, a game changer of the EAAD-Best project.
Vargiu N, Belfanti A, Roberti M … +6 more , Trentin S, Ferrara C, Tosti M, Lazzeri M, Giupponi G, Conca A
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Jun · PMID 38926725 · Full text
General Practitioners (GPs) play a key role in the early detection and management of depression and in preventing suicide risk. They are often the first healthcare professionals that people in crisis contact. However, th...
General Practitioners (GPs) play a key role in the early detection and management of depression and in preventing suicide risk. They are often the first healthcare professionals that people in crisis contact. However, their effectiveness can be limited by several barriers, including the lack of specific training and appropriate tools.The EAAD-Best project aims to fill these gaps through its iFightDepression tool, an online tool designed to support patients, psychologists, psychiatrists, and GPs in managing depression and preventing suicide. This article examines the implementation of the iFightDepression platform in Italy, assessing its impact on the empowerment of GPs in the fight against depression. Through a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data collected by the project, the 'unmet need' of GPs' in Italy regarding their specific training in mental health is highlighted.The response of 2,068 Italian GPs in just 7 months after the start of the iFD project is an expression of GPs' engagement to work against depression and for suicide risk prevention.
Risk of major mental disorders in the offspring of parents with migraine.
Li DJ, Tsai SJ, Chen TJ … +2 more , Liang CS, Chen MH
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Jun · PMID 38909222 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Migraine has been associated with mental disorders, however whether parental migraine is associated with an increased risk of major mental disorders (MMDs) in offspring has not been investigated. We aimed to...
BACKGROUND: Migraine has been associated with mental disorders, however whether parental migraine is associated with an increased risk of major mental disorders (MMDs) in offspring has not been investigated. We aimed to examine the risk of the development of MMDs in the offspring of parents with migraine compared with those of parents without migraine. METHODS: This study used data derived from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Offspring of parents with migraine and a control group consisting of offspring of parents without migraine matched for demographic and parental mental disorders were included. Cox regression was used to estimate the risk of MMDs, including schizophrenia, depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Sub-analyses stratified by the fathers and mothers were further performed to separately clarify the risks of MMDs among the offspring. RESULTS: We included 22,747 offspring of parents with migraine and 227,470 offspring of parents without migraine as the controls. Parental migraine was significantly associated with an increased risk of ADHD (reported as hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals: 1.37, 1.25-1.50), bipolar disorder (1.35, 1.06-1.71), and depressive disorder (1.33, 1.21-1.47) compared to the offspring of parents without migraine. Importantly, sub-analyses showed that only maternal migraine was significantly associated with these risks. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the heavy burden of MMDs, healthcare workers should be aware of the risk of MMDs in the offspring of parents with migraine, particular in mothers.
Children with ADHD and EEG abnormalities at baseline assessment, risk of epileptic seizures and maintenance on methylphenidate three years later.
Socanski D, Ogrim G, Duric N
Ann Gen Psychiatry · 2024 Jun · PMID 38907242 · Full text
PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the incidence of EEG abnormalities (EEG-ab) in children diagnosed with ADHD, investigate the risk of epileptic seizures (SZ) and maintenance on methylphenidate (MPH) over a three-year...
PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the incidence of EEG abnormalities (EEG-ab) in children diagnosed with ADHD, investigate the risk of epileptic seizures (SZ) and maintenance on methylphenidate (MPH) over a three-year period. METHODS: A total of 517 ADHD children aged 6-14 years were included. Baseline assessments included the identification of EEG-ab, ADHD inattentive subtype (ADHD-I), comorbid epilepsy, the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and the use of MPH. At the 3-year follow-up, assessments included the presence of EEG-ab, maintenance on MPH, AED usage, SZ risk in cases with EEG-epileptiform abnormalities (EEG-epi-ab), compared with control ADHD cases without EEG-epi-ab matched for age and gender. RESULTS: EEG-ab were identified in 273 (52.8%) cases. No statistically significant differences were observed between the EEG-ab and EEG-non-ab groups in terms of age, gender, ADHD-I type or initial use of MPH. EEG non-epileptiform abnormalities (EEG-non-epi-ab) were found in 234 out of 478 (49%) cases without EEG-epi-ab. Notably, EEG-non-epi-ab occurred more frequently in the group of 39 cases with EEG-epi-ab (30/39 (76.9%) vs. 9/39, (21.3%), a subset selected for 3-year follow-up. At 3-year-follow-up no statistically significant difference was found in maintenance on MPH in ADHD cases with and without EEG-epi-ab. Nobody of ADHD cases without comorbid epilepsy or with comorbid epilepsy with achieved SZ freedom developed new SZ. Only 3 children with drug resistant epilepsy experienced SZs, without increase in SZ frequency. The disappearance rate of EEG-epi-ab was higher than that EEG-non-epi-ab (71.8% vs. 33.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Children with and without EEG-ab exhibited similar patterns of MPH use (initial use, positive response, and maintenance on MPH). The presence of comorbid epilepsy and EEG-ab, with or without EEG-epi-ab, was not associated with an increased risk of SZ despite the use of MPH.
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