Acta Medico-historica Adriatica[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
[Scientific conference Rijeka and its citizens in Medical History 2000-2016].
Doričić R, Eterović I
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2017 Dec · PMID 29309168
This paper presents the form and content of the sixteen scientific conferences "Rijeka and its Citizens in Medical History" ("Rijeka i Riječani u medicinskoj povjesnici") which were held in the period between 2000 and 20...
This paper presents the form and content of the sixteen scientific conferences "Rijeka and its Citizens in Medical History" ("Rijeka i Riječani u medicinskoj povjesnici") which were held in the period between 2000 and 2016 according to the archive data of the conference organizer Croatian Scientific Society for the History of Health Culture. It presents data about the beginning of science convention, some its organisational features and the number of participants. A total of 315 presentations, whose abstracts were published in individual conference's abstract books, were given at the sixteen conventions by 463 participants from Croatia and abroad. It is emphasized that the great number of the papers printed in extenso are published in the journal AMHA - Acta medico-historica Adriatica. Summarised quantity data on the number of presented papers, number of presenters and number of co-authored papers are given. Finally, a review of the significance of this convention within the regional, national and international aspect is given.
[On the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the Croatian scientific society for the history of health culture].
Škrobonja A, Salopek I
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2017 Dec · PMID 29309167
A group of intellectuals, predominantly lecturers from the Faculty of Medicine, founded in Rijeka on May 29, 1966 the branch of the Yugoslav Scientific Society for the History of Health Culture, which after the independe...
A group of intellectuals, predominantly lecturers from the Faculty of Medicine, founded in Rijeka on May 29, 1966 the branch of the Yugoslav Scientific Society for the History of Health Culture, which after the independence of Croatia in 1991 continues its work under the name Croatian Scientific Society for the History of Health Culture. Over the past 50 years, within activities of the Society more than 250 professional and scientific conferences have been held in Rijeka and other Croatian cities. In addition, a dozen of professional-scientific trips to neighbouring countries were organized. From the original activities are highlighted the science conventions with international participation "Rijeka and Its Citizens in Medical History", where, since 2001, have been regularly presented free topics from other regions. Another important activity is the international journal "AMHA - Acta medico-historica Adriatica", which has been published since 2003 with two issues per year. Today, this is an established journal present on Medline - PubMed Service, andindexed in several respectable international databases, which guarantees quality and enables access to the world's research community. In 2005, the accompanying "AMHA Library" was launched - a series of monographs devoted to the most important medical historians, scientific conferences dedicated to individual medical laureates, and similar subjects. Ten years ago, the Society's work has been refined by the activities of a group of medical students who, under the motto "In honour of Asclepius and Orpheus", strive to affirm the links between medicine and art. Of the many performances the most significant is the traditional humanitarian concert, attended by students from all faculties of medicine from Croatia and Ljubljana.
[Approach to illness and death of Vadinienses in roman Hispania (I-IV centuries)].
Alvarez-Lario B, Álvarez-Roy L
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2017 Jun · PMID 28767267 · Publisher ↗
The Vadinienses were a Cantabrian people who lived between the first and fourth centuries in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, northeast of the present province of León and the corresponding part of the current territo...
The Vadinienses were a Cantabrian people who lived between the first and fourth centuries in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, northeast of the present province of León and the corresponding part of the current territory of Asturias. In this paper we study the possible causes of illness and death of the Vadinienses represented in their gravestones. The analysis of Vadinienses epitaphs shows that two-thirds of the deaths occurred in people between the ages of 20-30, a finding that is not interpreted as representative of the usual age of death at that time. The most likely causes of death are infections and violent deaths in sports competitions or work accidents. Analyzing females independently, almost half of the deceased were under the age of 20, being the main possibilities the deaths related to pregnancy and childbirth at very early ages.
Paul Langerhans: a prilgrim "traveling" from functional histology to marine biology.
Raica M, Cimpean AM
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2017 Jun · PMID 28767266 · Publisher ↗
The nineteenth century was the time of a real revolution in science and medicine. A lot of seminal discoveries in medicine and biology were done in this time, and many of them were coincident with the introduction of the...
The nineteenth century was the time of a real revolution in science and medicine. A lot of seminal discoveries in medicine and biology were done in this time, and many of them were coincident with the introduction of the compound microscope by Hermann van Deijl and the standard histological technique by Paul Ehrlich. The main tissue types and individual cells were characterized and originally classified more than hundred years ago, although less attention was paid to their basic functions. This was mainly due to the modality of tissue specimen processing that allowed particularly detailed descriptive studies. Even so, we can notice some attempts to correlate the structure with the function. The German scientist Paul Langerhans, well-known for the discovery of Langerhans islets of the pancreas and Langerhans cells from the epidermis, tried to change the conventional fate of morphological studies introducing in his works functional hypothesis based on traditional microscopic observations even from the beginning of his scientific career. Paul Langerhans was a complex personality of the second half of the nineteenth century, not only in medicine, but also in other fields of biology. In the present review, presented is the life and research activity of Paul Langerhans, not only because of the importance of his discoveries, but also for perspectives that were opened by these findings in unexpected fields of medicine and biology.
Professors, principals and textbooks from the Midwifery school in Zadar.
Maksimović J, Maksimović M
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2017 Jun · PMID 28767265 · Publisher ↗
Midwifery in Dalmatia was highly undeveloped at the beginning of the XIX century. The health report from 1813 suggested that there were only 48 midwives in the whole province, and none of them with a degree from the midw...
Midwifery in Dalmatia was highly undeveloped at the beginning of the XIX century. The health report from 1813 suggested that there were only 48 midwives in the whole province, and none of them with a degree from the midwifery school. After abolishing the Central Schools ("Ecoles Centrales"), which were founded at the time of French reign, and which had the university range, the professors who stayed in Zadar continued their work and teaching in the Midwifery School, which was founded in 1820 according to the decision made by Emperor Franz I, and started working in 1821. Since the school was working continuously for the whole century, a lot of professors and principals passed through. Protomedicus of Dalmatia officially performed the duty of principals of the Midwifery School. Their life and work biographies were gathered in this paper. Although the newcomers were mostly illiterate, very contemporary and valuable textbooks were used at that time. The professors of this school wrote some of these textbooks. This paper analyses those textbooks from the current medical science and praxis point of view, which points out to its significance and contribution of its authors to the reputation that the School enjoyed at that time.
Human urine-based therapeutics in Spain from the early 20th century to the present: a historical literature overview and a present-day case study.
Vallejo JR, Aparicio Mena AJ, González JA
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2017 Jun · PMID 28767264 · Publisher ↗
Human urine is currently the subject of biomedical investigations as a potential therapeutic resource and it continues to be used in remedies in different cultures and societies, including the Spanish culture. In this st...
Human urine is currently the subject of biomedical investigations as a potential therapeutic resource and it continues to be used in remedies in different cultures and societies, including the Spanish culture. In this study we gather etnomedical knowledge about urotherapy and determine their associated symbolisms in Spain. A literature overview and a case study were carried out to compile urine-based remedies and as a direct analysis of symbolic systems. Urotherapy is widespread in Spanish folk medicine. Among the 204 collected remedies, those related to treatment of diseases or skin conditions predominate (63%). Remedies have been reported for the treatment of skin diseases such as eczema, chloasma, alopecia, etc. to treat or alleviate burns, chilblains, wounds or skin chapping, and as a treatment of venomous bites. Most of the collected remedies have an associated naturalist symbolism, based on local traditions and the transmission of empirical initial knowledge. The use of urine in Spain is a result of the interaction of two types of practice: a local and traditional urotherapy, rural and with a utilitarian purpose, and a technical urotherapy, limited to an urban environment and a naturopathic medicine.
Trepanation and enlarged parietal foramen on skulls from the Loyalty Islands (Melanesia).
Vasilyev SV, Sviridov AA
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2017 Jun · PMID 28767263 · Publisher ↗
The goal of this study is a comprehensive examination of openings discovered on two skulls in the collection of skeletal remains from the Loyalty Islands (Melanesia). The skull No. 1524 displayed an evidence of successfu...
The goal of this study is a comprehensive examination of openings discovered on two skulls in the collection of skeletal remains from the Loyalty Islands (Melanesia). The skull No. 1524 displayed an evidence of successful trepanation, and the skull No. 7985 revealed openings that were reminiscent of a trepanation, however, we are inclined to believe that in the latter case we are dealing with a rare genetic anomaly - enlarged parietal foramen.
Framing "our social disaster": narratives of disease and sexuality in Turkey's early republic.
Evered EÖ, Evered KT
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2017 Jun · PMID 28767262 · Publisher ↗
For the early Turkish republic, resource shortages, illiteracy, and geography combined to hamper any achievement of the immediate and universal diffusion of state-authored lessons in public health throughout the country'...
For the early Turkish republic, resource shortages, illiteracy, and geography combined to hamper any achievement of the immediate and universal diffusion of state-authored lessons in public health throughout the country's populace. One of the first steps taken to overcome these obstacles involved the production and publication of a medical atlas. Ideally, this text would serve both to standardize care provided by the state's health professionals and to inform the entire population of their public health obligations and compel their compliance; longer lives, prosperity, and a stronger nation were the promised outcomes. However, utilizing public health education to institute this state-society contract also entailed framing diseases in particular ways. This was especially true with sexually-transmitted infections (STIs), and the narratives associated with STIs marginalized routinely specific subpopulations of the Turkish nation; women and girls, generally, and sex workers, in particular. Focusing on this primary text, this article engages critically with the atlas to document, analyze, and inform the nature of this promise and the types of medical and moral norms that it imposed and reinforced.
[Health maps of a historical population in nineteenth-century Friuli (Northeastern Italy)].
Fornasin A, Breschi M, Manfredini M
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2017 Jun · PMID 28767261 · Publisher ↗
This paper aims at presenting some health maps of a historical population. The studies on the health status of past populations are usually focused on the causes of death. Our purpose is to present some descriptive analy...
This paper aims at presenting some health maps of a historical population. The studies on the health status of past populations are usually focused on the causes of death. Our purpose is to present some descriptive analyses on non-deadly diseases. The present work focuses on the province of Friuli (north-eastern Italy) in the second half of the nineteenth century. The used sources are military call-up records. We collected about 300,000 records relative to military recruitment that took place between 1866 and 1909 (birth cohorts 1846-1890). Our main concern was the health status of the 20-year male population, and its association with environmental, socio economic and genetic factors. Generally speaking, we observe that the northern mountain area was the most advantaged, while young adults from the eastern and western parts of the province were the most disadvantaged. A lot of factors and causes contributed to determine the spatial distribution of specific diseases in Friuli, whilst others remain unknown because simple descriptive analyses are not sufficient to highlight them all. In particular, the distribution of the thyroidal hypertrophy was almost certainly due to the water quality, while the distribution of dental caries was probably related to genetic and dietary factors.
[The Black Eagle pharmacy in Petrinja - first civil pharmacy on the territory of Banska krajina].
Alujević D, Fatović-Ferenčić S
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2017 Jun · PMID 28767260 · Publisher ↗
The Black Eagle pharmacy was founded in 1772 as a branch of the eponymous Karlovac pharmacy and was the oldest civil pharmacy on the territory of Banska krajina. Based on the archival sources, newspapers of the time, and...
The Black Eagle pharmacy was founded in 1772 as a branch of the eponymous Karlovac pharmacy and was the oldest civil pharmacy on the territory of Banska krajina. Based on the archival sources, newspapers of the time, and the documentation preserved within the owner's family, its historical background and ownership chronology are presented in this paper. Special attention was dedicated to the Panac family, which led the pharmacy through four generations, from 1822 until 1950. The results of our research resolved the dilemmas about the pharmacy's first location and also presented the information concerning the academic path of its owners, their work, as well as their wider socio-cultural influences on life in Petrinja. The interior of The Black Eagle pharmacy has not retained its original function nor has the inventory been preserved, although the building, in which it was located, has been preserved and is protected as a cultural monument. The pharmacy was nationalized in 1947, and moved to a new location towards the end of 1950s. Therefore, the reconstruction of its historiography contributes not only to our knowledge of the pharmacy development in Croatia, but also to the understanding of the development of the city through the emergence and existence of medical and healthcare institutions within the city.
Constantin von Economo's last publication: a commentary on Charles Fraipont's "Évolution cérébrale".
Triarhou LC
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2016 Dec · PMID 28038494
This paper highlights a commentary written by the neurologist Constantin von Economo on a book published by the Belgian paleontologist Charles Fraipont in 1931. The commentary appears to be Economo's last opus, published...
This paper highlights a commentary written by the neurologist Constantin von Economo on a book published by the Belgian paleontologist Charles Fraipont in 1931. The commentary appears to be Economo's last opus, published posthumously in early 1933. The reviewed work deals with the evolution of the brain in primates, hominids and humans, presenting some interesting ideas about the phylogeny of the human cerebral hemispheres in conjunction with the living conditions of the genera in consideration.
Electrotherapy in the treatment of patients affected by rabies: experiments conducted at the "Maggiore" hospital of Milan in 1865.
Marinozzi S, Gulino M, Gazzaniga V
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2016 Dec · PMID 28038493
During the nineteenth century, the scientific context of rabies treatment was weak due to the lack of the literature on specific nosology of the rabies disease, and unspecific and ineffective therapy approaches. Electrot...
During the nineteenth century, the scientific context of rabies treatment was weak due to the lack of the literature on specific nosology of the rabies disease, and unspecific and ineffective therapy approaches. Electrotherapy already represented an important therapeutic approach for nervous system diseases, although not specifically for rabies. In the present paper, the authors discuss the use of electrotherapy in the treatment of humans affected by rabies in an experimental study conducted at the Maggiore Hospital of Milan, with the aim of establishing the discovery of a possible specific therapy. By analyzing the printed scientific sources available in the Braidense Library of Milan, the authors describe four experiments conducted on patients of different ages. Symptoms and effects both during and after the electrotherapy are also highlighted. The experiments demonstrated that electricity is not an effective therapy in the treatment of rabies, being rather able to cause serious functional and organic alterations in all the patients. Analyzing the Milanese experiments, the authors reported specific Italian history of a scientific and medical approach to rabies at the end of the 18th century, which led to the promotion of health education, reinforced prevention strategies and opened the way to the vaccination era.
The Andreas Vesalius woodblocks: a four hundred year journey from creation to destruction.
Joffe SN, Buchanan V
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2016 Dec · PMID 28038492
The purpose of this study was to trace the history of woodblocks created in 1542 by Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564). Carved by the Venetian workmen on pear tree boards, the woodblocks were used in the Basel printing of Vesa...
The purpose of this study was to trace the history of woodblocks created in 1542 by Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564). Carved by the Venetian workmen on pear tree boards, the woodblocks were used in the Basel printing of Vesalius' works De Humani Corporis Fabrica and Epitome from 1543, The China Root Epistle (1546), and the frontispiece of the Fabrica, the edition from 1555. The blocks remained with the printer Oporinus in Basel until his death in 1568 when they were sold to the Froben family. The woodblocks reappeared in 1706 in a publication by Maschenbauer and were subsequently used by Leveling in 1783. An incomplete set of woodblocks was moved from Inglostadt to Landshut and then to Munich where Roth in 1885 documented them. At the suggestion of an American physician, Samuel Lambert, the University of Munich found the "missing" woodblocks in the attic. This led Wiegand and the New York Academy of Medicine to publish the woodblocks in the Icones Anatomicae in 1934. The second edition frontispiece was returned to Louvain where it was destroyed by bombing in 1940 and all the remaining woodblocks were destroyed in Allied bombing between 1943 and 1945. Thus, the Vesalius woodblocks travelled a 400-year journey from their creation, through the use in eight publications with over 5000 prints and ended in their tragic destruction.
Some social aspects of discovery, synthesis and production of cortisone in the 1930s-1950s.
Jadreškić D
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2016 Dec · PMID 28038491
A discovery, synthesis and therapeutic application of cortisone present a paradigm for modern translational medicine (Hillier 2007, Saenger 2010), since they represented a joint achievement of discoveries by biochemists,...
A discovery, synthesis and therapeutic application of cortisone present a paradigm for modern translational medicine (Hillier 2007, Saenger 2010), since they represented a joint achievement of discoveries by biochemists, Edward Calvin Kendall and Tadeus Reichstein; large scale synthesis by an industrial chemist, Lewis Hastings Sarett, and therapeutic application by a rheumatologist, Philip Showalter Hench. The goal of translational medicine is to speed up the process between basic research and clinical practice, and to integrate multiple disciplines in order to understand diverse outcomes (Zhang et al. 2014). In this paper conditions that made this basic/applied/clinical research interface possible will be presented: the rise of steroid chemistry, simultaneous individual accomplishments as well as continuous cooperation among scientists, military competitiveness, and cooperation among pharmaceutical companies.
The ophthalmological observations in Caelius Aurelianus text on acute and on chronic diseases.
Laios K, Moschos M, Androutsos G
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2016 Dec · PMID 28038490
Caelius Aurelianus' Latin translation, De morbis acutis et chronicis, of Soranus of Ephesus' original Greek work is a work devoted to internal medicine. Nevertheless, there are some observations about ocular pathologies...
Caelius Aurelianus' Latin translation, De morbis acutis et chronicis, of Soranus of Ephesus' original Greek work is a work devoted to internal medicine. Nevertheless, there are some observations about ocular pathologies which reveal the level of the knowledge at that time about the eye and their use as elements of pathological semiology.
Anesthesia and pain management in traditional Iranian medicine.
Salehi A, Alembizar F, Hosseinkhani A
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2016 Dec · PMID 28038489
Studying the history of science could help develop an understanding of the contributions made by ancient nations towards scientific advances. Although Iranians had an important impact on the improvement of science, the h...
Studying the history of science could help develop an understanding of the contributions made by ancient nations towards scientific advances. Although Iranians had an important impact on the improvement of science, the history of Iranian medicine seems not to have been given enough attention by historians. The present study focused on the history of anesthesia and pain management in Iranian medical history. In this regard, related books such as Avesta and Shahnameh were studied in order to obtain the history of anesthesiology in Iranian pre Islamic era. This subject was also studied in the famous books of Rhazes, Haly Abbas, Avicenna, Jorjani, MomenTunekaboni and Aghili from different times of the Islamic era. Scientific data bases such as PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched using key words "Iranian", "Persian", "pain management" and "anesthesia". It was discovered that pain management and anesthesiology were well known to the Iranians. Rhazes and Avicenna had innovations in this regard. Fourteen Mokhader (anesthetic) herbs, which were included in the collection of the previous knowledge of the 18th century entitled Makhzan al-Advieyh and used as the Persian Materia Medica, were identified and listed. This study introduces the history of anesthesiology and pain management at different periods in the history of Iran.
[Medical elements in the sacral heritage of the Mošćenice region].
Doričić R, Montan A, Eterović I
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2016 Dec · PMID 28038488
Sacral heritage, religious practices and customs, and the ethnomedical heritage of the Mošćenice region have not had so far the attention of medico-historians, which represents the starting point of this paper. The resea...
Sacral heritage, religious practices and customs, and the ethnomedical heritage of the Mošćenice region have not had so far the attention of medico-historians, which represents the starting point of this paper. The research of the mentioned dimensions of medico-historical reality of Mošćenice and its surrounding area has been conducted on three levels. Starting with the usual methodology, sacral inventory of certain churches and chapels from the Mošćenice parish is analyzed from the perspective of the history of medicine. After that, the attention is first given to the religious practices motivated by health and then to other traditional forms and practices of health prevention and disease treatment - especially to those concerning people as well as those concerning animals. The scope of this research is to document and present the elements of medico-historical heritage of the Mošćenice region based on religious and other traditional components, but with the intention to enrich the medico-historical mosaic of the eastern Istrian coastal region.
[The role and contribution of chief physician Matija Perak (1914‑1992) to the foundation and development of phtisiology in Petrinja (1946‑1978)].
Vrga B
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2016 Dec · PMID 28038487
The study shows the contribution of Matija Perak to the development of phthisiological service in Petrinja and the suppression of TB in the Sisak - Banija region in the period from 1946 to 1978. Having obtained data from...
The study shows the contribution of Matija Perak to the development of phthisiological service in Petrinja and the suppression of TB in the Sisak - Banija region in the period from 1946 to 1978. Having obtained data from the archive documents, it was possible to reconstruct his curative and preventive activities in the suppression of morbidity and mortality from TB in the Sisak - Banija region. His organizational and managerial, professional-scientific and publicistic work is highlighted, as well as his role in the reorientation of the profession towards chronic non-TB diseases and the education of new generations of phthisiologists in Petrinja.
Anthrax of domestic animals in Vrbas Banate: from traditional beliefs to the first scientific views on the ancient disease.
Stevanović ON, Nedić DN, Šubarević N … +1 more , Tomić O
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2016 Dec · PMID 28038486
From 1929 to 1941, the Vrbas Banate was one of nine provinces of the Kingdom Yugoslavia, and according to historical data, the poorest one, without well-organized and sustainable agriculture production. Naturalistic prod...
From 1929 to 1941, the Vrbas Banate was one of nine provinces of the Kingdom Yugoslavia, and according to historical data, the poorest one, without well-organized and sustainable agriculture production. Naturalistic production and poor animal health control in the Vrbas Banate were the most important risk factors for infectious disease spreading. Anthrax was very prevalent infectious disease in domestic animals and humans in that period, but some data on this disease remain scarce. In this paper epidemiology and clinical investigation of anthrax in the Vrbas Banate are reviewed. Apart from many aggravating factors that influenced the control of anthrax, the veterinary service of Banate contributed to the development of animal husbandry, animal health and public health in that period.
[The role of sanitary conditions in the Apulian aquedoct construction policy in Bari].
Veneziani S
Acta Med Hist Adriat · 2016 Dec · PMID 28038485
In the city of Bari (Italy), during the 19th century, energetic political battles were carried out between the administrators and governors in order to ensure the population the primary resource for life: the water. In t...
In the city of Bari (Italy), during the 19th century, energetic political battles were carried out between the administrators and governors in order to ensure the population the primary resource for life: the water. In this town, there were no rivers or drinking water sources; the thirsty population drank from public and private cisterns for collecting rainwater. The condition of the pavement, poor maintenance of the reservoirs and the presence of absorbent cesspits in the vicinity of the wells were often the cause of pathogenic microorganisms' infiltration, such as viruses, bacteria or parasites, which were responsible for the most common digestive disorders. This paper aims to highlight the ties between political campaigns for the construction of the aqueduct and the recognition by the scientific community and governors of the causal link between certain diseases and infected water. The case of the city of Bari is exemplary because, according to the statistics of the causes of death, the hygienic conditions of the city changed parallel to the development of urban infrastructures, which radically intensified with the construction of the Apulian aqueduct in 1915, and the sewage system in 1920.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe