Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41718853
·
Full text
The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of plasmonic nanoparticles can be used both for measuring the dielectric constant in which they are dispersed and for determining changes in the structure of the medium arou...The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of plasmonic nanoparticles can be used both for measuring the dielectric constant in which they are dispersed and for determining changes in the structure of the medium around them. In this work, we explored the shift in the LSPR of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), obtaining the out-of-plane dielectric constant of the hydration layer of nanoparticles dispersed in aqueous solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfate for concentrations below and above the critical micelle concentration. A reduction is observed, which is due to a soft confinement between the nanoparticle and the micelles. The confinement favors the in-plane alignment of the water's molecular dipoles, hindering a rotation out-of-plane and reducing the tendency to align with an external electric field, i.e., diminishing the medium's polarization.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41701427
·
Publisher ↗
This paper is devoted to the problem of identification of colloidal assemblies using the example of two-dimensional coatings (monolayer assemblies). Colloidal systems are used in various fields of science and technology,...This paper is devoted to the problem of identification of colloidal assemblies using the example of two-dimensional coatings (monolayer assemblies). Colloidal systems are used in various fields of science and technology, for example, in applications for photonics and functional coatings. The physical properties depend on the morphology of the structure of the colloidal assemblies. Therefore, effective identification of particle assemblies is of interest. The following classification is considered here: isolated particles, dimers, chains and clusters. We have studied and compared two identification methods: image threshold analysis using the OpenCV library and machine learning using the YOLOv8 model as an example. The features and current results of training a neural network model on a dataset specially prepared for this work are described. A comparative characteristic of both methods is given. The best result was shown by the machine learning method (97% accuracy). The threshold processing method showed an accuracy of about 67%. The developed algorithms and software modules may be useful to scientists and engineers working in the field of materials science in the future.
Arockiaraj M, Rajendran T, Jeya Shalini A
… +1 more, Balasubramanian K
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41691581
·
Publisher ↗
Aluminum hydroxide (gibbsite) and magnesium hydroxide (brucite) rank among the most prevalent hydroxide minerals and function as structural prototypes for diverse layered materials, including phyllosilicates, layered dou...Aluminum hydroxide (gibbsite) and magnesium hydroxide (brucite) rank among the most prevalent hydroxide minerals and function as structural prototypes for diverse layered materials, including phyllosilicates, layered double hydroxides, and emerging two-dimensional halides. An exciting feature of these materials is their novel electronic and spintronic functionalities. Gibbsite adopts a dioctahedral framework with one-third of its octahedral sites vacant and stabilized by hydrogen bonding, whereas brucite forms a fully occupied trioctahedral lattice bound by van der Waals interactions. Such structural differences critically influence their stability, reactivity, and functional versatility. The present study develops a topological framework by employing classical degree-based indices, along with face degree and degree-sum variants, to characterize their network structures and compute their properties. We employ univariate and bivariate regression models in conjunction with the quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) approach to predict physicochemical properties of aluminum and magnesium hydroxide configurations, such as P (base 10), molecular weight, and molar refractivity. The integrated methodology demonstrates improved structural discrimination and predictive reliability, highlighting the utility of topological indices in QSPR analysis.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41688847
·
Publisher ↗
Understanding the realization of thermal equilibrium through the thermalization process in a many-body system is a fundamental and complex scientific question, bridging thermodynamics and classical dynamics and connectin...Understanding the realization of thermal equilibrium through the thermalization process in a many-body system is a fundamental and complex scientific question, bridging thermodynamics and classical dynamics and connecting to a host of physical phenomena, such as mechanical instabilities in a thermal environment. In this work, based on the harmonic lattice model, we investigate the thermalization process in both velocity and coordinate spaces, by examining microscopic dynamics on the atomic level. We show the distinct relaxation rates of the transverse and longitudinal components of the velocity, reveal the power law governing the nonlinear proliferation of dominant frequencies, and observe the concurrent rapid proliferations of frequencies and topological defects. We also show that the lattice system's persistent out-of-plane deformations exhibit two-stage fluctuation behaviors, characterized by distinct power laws of fractional exponents and associated with the broken up-down symmetry. This work demonstrates the rich dynamics underlying the thermalization process and advances our understanding on the dynamical adaptations of many-body systems to external disturbances.
Vasiljevic O, Harmand N, Hubert A
… +7 more, Kebbal L, Bormuth V, Hayn C, Fouchard J, Wandersman E, Breau MA, Pontani LL
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41663551
·
Full text
Mechanical contributions are crucial regulators of diverse biological processes, yet their in vivo measurement remains challenging due to limitations of current techniques that can be destructive or require complex dedic...Mechanical contributions are crucial regulators of diverse biological processes, yet their in vivo measurement remains challenging due to limitations of current techniques that can be destructive or require complex dedicated setups. This study introduces a novel method to synthesize biocompatible, self-functionalizing stress sensors based on inverted emulsions that can be used to probe stresses inside tissues but can also locally perturb the biological environment through specific binder presentation or drug delivery. We engineered an optimal design for these inverted emulsions, focusing on finding the balance between the two contradictory constraints: achieving low surface tension for deformability while maintaining emulsion instability for efficient self-functionalization and drug release. Proof-of-concept experiments in both agarose gels and complex biological systems, including brain organoids and zebrafish embryos, confirm the droplets ability to deform in response to mechanical stress applied within the tissue, to self-functionalize and to release encapsulated molecules locally. These versatile sensors offer a method for noninvasive stress measurements and targeted chemical delivery within living biological tissues, giving the potential to overcome current technical barriers in biophysical studies.
Alline T, Cascaro L, Pereira D
… +1 more, Asnacios A
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41661501
·
Full text
Root hairs are outgrowths of the epidermal cells of plant roots. They increase the root's exchange surface with the soil and provide it with good anchorage in the soil. Root hairs are an emblematic model of apical growth...Root hairs are outgrowths of the epidermal cells of plant roots. They increase the root's exchange surface with the soil and provide it with good anchorage in the soil. Root hairs are an emblematic model of apical growth, a process also used by yeasts and hyphae to invade their environment. From a mechanical perspective, the root hair is considered as an elastic cylinder under pressure, closed by a dome that behaves like a yield fluid. We introduce here two innovative mechanical setups and protocols to characterize the mechanical properties of single growing root hairs in Arabidopsis thaliana. In the first setup, root hairs grow against an elastic obstacle until buckling. By measuring the critical buckling force, we determine the surface modulus and estimate the Young's modulus of the cell wall, which aligns with previous measurements. Using a 1D elasto-viscoplastic model of root hair growth, we assess the excess pressure beyond the yield threshold (the driver of tip growth) and estimate the axial stiffness of the root hair, reflecting its elastic resistance to compression. For the second protocol, we designed a setup where a single root hair grows against a cantilever with variable stiffness, a technique adapted from our earlier work on rigidity sensing by animal cells. This method provides an independent estimate of the root hair's axial stiffness, confirming our initial findings and suggesting that this stiffness primarily involves tip compression and depends mainly on turgor pressure, at least within the low deformation regime explored.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41652132
·
Publisher ↗
Dielectric spectroscopy measurements of bulk and emulsified high-density amorphous ices (HDA) at 1.0 GPa were carried out to examine the effect of emulsion matrix on the dielectric spectra. The presence of emulsion matri...Dielectric spectroscopy measurements of bulk and emulsified high-density amorphous ices (HDA) at 1.0 GPa were carried out to examine the effect of emulsion matrix on the dielectric spectra. The presence of emulsion matrix induces the shifts of the loss peak to higher frequency side. The degree of shift depends on the volume fraction of the emulsion matrix to HDA. This indicates that the relaxation time obtained from the dielectric spectra of emulsified HDA is underestimated than the true relaxation time of HDA. The results suggest that the emulsified sample is not appropriate for dielectric spectroscopy measurement in water polyamorphism study, although the emulsification is effective, for example, in avoiding water crystallization.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Feb · PMID 41652101
·
Publisher ↗
This work investigates the linear stability of a thin liquid film flowing down a uniformly heated vertical cylindrical fiber. A fourth-order nonlinear evolution equation governing the spatiotemporal dynamics of the film...This work investigates the linear stability of a thin liquid film flowing down a uniformly heated vertical cylindrical fiber. A fourth-order nonlinear evolution equation governing the spatiotemporal dynamics of the film thickness is derived using lubrication approximation and asymptotic expansion. The model captures the influence of gravity, inertia, surface tension, thermocapillarity, and convective heat transfer through key dimensionless parameters: Bond, Reynolds, Marangoni, and Biot numbers. Temporal stability analysis reveals that, in the absence of inertia and thermocapillarity, perturbations grow due to the classical Rayleigh-Plateau instability. Moderate inertia enhances instability, although Rayleigh-Plateau instability remain dominant over inertial instability for high surface tension fluids. The relative influence of gravity and surface tension, represented by the Bond number, tends to stabilize long-wave disturbances ( ) while promoting the growth of short-wave modes ( ). Thermocapillary stress stabilizes film flow on a cooled cylinder and destabilizes it on a heated one. The Biot number plays a dual role-initially amplifying instability, then reducing it as interfacial temperature gradients diminish. Spatiotemporal analysis uncovers a transition from convective to absolute instability with increasing Marangoni or Reynolds numbers. Lower Bond numbers favor absolute instability, which transitions to convective behavior as Bond number increases. Numerical simulations align well with theoretical predictions, capturing both temporal and spatiotemporal film dynamics under varying physical conditions.
Wei H, Noureen S, Maryam A
… +2 more, Tchier F, Aslam A
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Jan · PMID 41609967
·
Publisher ↗
Chemical graph theory provides a mathematical framework for representing molecular structures as graphs, where atoms correspond to vertices and chemical bonds to edges. This approach enables the use of molecular descript...Chemical graph theory provides a mathematical framework for representing molecular structures as graphs, where atoms correspond to vertices and chemical bonds to edges. This approach enables the use of molecular descriptors to extract reliable structural information and model physicochemical properties. In this study, we investigate the use of recently introduced degree-based molecular descriptors including Euler Sombor, elliptic Sombor, reverse Sombor, reverse elliptic Sombor, reverse Euler Sombor, Lanzhou, and ad-hoc Lanzhou indices to model key properties of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Experimentally reported properties such as melting point, relative retention time, octanol-water partition coefficient, enthalpy of formation, and Henry's law constant were analyzed. Quantitative structure-property relationship models were developed using linear, polynomial, and ridge regression techniques. The predictive performance of these models was evaluated through comparison of actual and predicted values, cross-validation, and bootstrapping. Results indicate that the selected descriptors, particularly the elliptic Sombor and reverse Euler Sombor indices, exhibit strong correlations with PCB properties, demonstrating their utility in predicting physicochemical behavior. These models hold potential for applications in chemical ecology, environmental risk assessment, and computational molecular design.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Jan · PMID 41604075
·
Publisher ↗
We examine the reaction of a homogeneous spherical fluid vesicle to the force exerted by a rigid circular ring located at its equator in the linear regime. We solve analytically the linearized first integral of the Euler...We examine the reaction of a homogeneous spherical fluid vesicle to the force exerted by a rigid circular ring located at its equator in the linear regime. We solve analytically the linearized first integral of the Euler-Lagrange equation subject to the global constraints of fixed area and volume, as well as to the local constraint imposed by the ring. We determine the first-order perturbations to the generating curve of the spherical membrane, which are characterized by the difference of the radii of the membrane and the ring, and by a parameter depending on the physical quantities of the membrane. We determine the total force that is required to begin the deformation of the membrane, which gives rise to a discontinuity in the curvature of the membrane across the ring.
Aryati D, Herawati A, Munna K
… +3 more, Jumini S, Sunaryo, Santoso I
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Jan · PMID 41563542
·
Publisher ↗
Organic semiconductor materials from natural extracts have attracted significant attention due to their sustainability and tunable optoelectronic properties. This study explores photophysical properties of Carica pubesce...Organic semiconductor materials from natural extracts have attracted significant attention due to their sustainability and tunable optoelectronic properties. This study explores photophysical properties of Carica pubescens fruit and leaf extracts to evaluate their potential as organic semiconductor materials. UV-Vis absorption analysis shows that the fruit extract, with a dominant peak at 263 nm attributed to π-π* transitions of anthocyanins and flavonoids, possesses a wide optical band gap of approximately 3.58 eV, suggesting limited semiconducting relevance. In contrast, the leaf extract displays multiple absorption bands in the visible region (424, 464, 615, and 663 nm), corresponding to chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids. The optical band gap of the leaf extract, determined to be about 1.82 eV, falls within the ideal range for organic optoelectronic devices. Photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) analyses uncover two distinct emission peaks at approximately 675 nm and 728 nm. Photophysical responses were evaluated over a concentration range of 50 to 500 ppm. At an optimal concentration of 250 ppm, the leaf extract exhibits maximum PL intensity, extended exciton lifetimes, and behaviors consistent with a partial reduction of non-radiative recombination channels. Increasing the concentration beyond this point leads to significant quenching effects and shorter lifetimes. This behavior is primarily governed by a static quenching mechanism, resulting from reduced intermolecular distances and enhanced molecular aggregation, which facilitate exciton-exciton annihilation. Overall, the Carica pubescens leaf extract demonstrates tunable and optimum photophysical behavior at 250 ppm, indicating that it is a promising bio-derived organic semiconductor candidate from an optical standpoint for sustainable photovoltaics, biosensing, and flexible optoelectronics, pending future confirmation of its charge-transport properties in solid-state devices.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Jan · PMID 41563531
·
Publisher ↗
We study water uptake in plants by modelling the xylem as a narrow capillary tube through which sap rises under transpiration pull. We modify the classical Bosanquet equation, incorporating the effect of friction f, aris...We study water uptake in plants by modelling the xylem as a narrow capillary tube through which sap rises under transpiration pull. We modify the classical Bosanquet equation, incorporating the effect of friction f, arising from xylem wall protrusions, while including corrections to the surface tension due to the presence of ions in the sap and due to local curvature via the Tolman correction. We also take into consideration an externally imposed transpiration flux. We identify a dimensionless tuning parameter, , that is a relative measure of capillary to hydrostatic forces that, along with f, affects system behaviour. In the absence of transpiration, transitions between oscillatory and non-oscillatory behavior of the sap column depends on , while its rate of rise depends on f. We find that the addition of transpiration to the xylem capillary system, by considering diffusion and evaporation at the leaves, causes the system to instead stabilize around a nonlinear center, also crucially increasing the maximal height to which the water rises. We obtain scaling power-laws for the time required for the sap to reach to reach its maximum height, and the characteristic time scale for oscillations in the column to decay to its fixed point, as functions, respectively, of f and of . We investigate the competitive effects of transpiration pull and presence of corrugation in the conduits. Our approach integrates capillary flow physics with dynamical systems theory to uncover new insights and get a more comprehensive and novel understanding of the problem of water transport in plants.
Ziapkoff V, Boulogne F, Salonen A
… +1 more, Rio E
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Jan · PMID 41553407
·
Full text
We present a practical white-light interferometric method, supported by an open-source Python library optifik for automated spectrum-to-thickness deduction, enabling foam film measurements down to a few nanometers. We de...We present a practical white-light interferometric method, supported by an open-source Python library optifik for automated spectrum-to-thickness deduction, enabling foam film measurements down to a few nanometers. We describe three typical spectral scenarii encountered in this method: spectra exhibiting numerous interference fringes, spectra with a moderate number of peaks, and spectra with only a few identifiable features, providing illustrative examples for each case. We also discuss the main limitations of the technique, including spectral range constraints, the necessity of knowing the refractive index, and the influence of spectral resolution and signal quality. Finally, we demonstrate the application of the method in a time-resolved study of a TTAB (tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide) foam film undergoing elongation and thinning. This method can be adapted to measure any thin non-opaque layer.
Anger L, Schoenit A, Wodrascka F
… +4 more, Rossé C, Mège RM, Ladoux B, Marcq P
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Jan · PMID 41505014
·
Publisher ↗
Cells within biological tissue are constantly subjected to dynamic mechanical forces. Measuring the internal stress of tissues has proven crucial for our understanding of the role of mechanical forces in fundamental biol...Cells within biological tissue are constantly subjected to dynamic mechanical forces. Measuring the internal stress of tissues has proven crucial for our understanding of the role of mechanical forces in fundamental biological processes like morphogenesis, collective migration, cell division or cell elimination and death. Previously, we have introduced Bayesian inversion stress microscopy (BISM), which is relying on measuring cell-generated traction forces in vitro and has proven particularly useful to measure absolute stresses in confined cell monolayers. We further demonstrate the applicability and robustness of BISM across various experimental settings with different boundary conditions, ranging from confined tissues of arbitrary shape to monolayers composed of different cell types. Importantly, BISM does not require assumptions on cell rheology. Therefore, it can be applied to complex heterogeneous tissues consisting of different cell types, as long as they can be grown on a flat substrate. Finally, we compare BISM to other common stress measurement techniques using a coherent experimental setup, followed by a discussion on its limitations and further perspectives.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2026 Jan · PMID 41505007
·
Publisher ↗
This work investigates chiral particles, which break mirror symmetry, in turbulent Taylor-Couette flow. These particles generally display a translation-rotation coupling moving through a quiescent fluid. Here, we perform...This work investigates chiral particles, which break mirror symmetry, in turbulent Taylor-Couette flow. These particles generally display a translation-rotation coupling moving through a quiescent fluid. Here, we performed experiments using large chiral particles (typical size 5mm) in turbulent Taylor-Couette flow, for Reynolds numbers . The density-matched chiral particles are studied in a dilute regime , where their location and orientation are tracked over time to investigate the particle-fluid coupling. We investigate whether the translation-rotation coupling observed at low Reynolds numbers is still observable over the measured high Reynolds numbers, using the tracked location and orientation. Similarly, we verify whether the chiral particles display a preferred location or orientation, and whether the left-handed and right-handed particles show different rotation statistics. The location data show that the chiral particles closely follow the structure of Taylor vortices. Hence, the orientation data and rotation data of the chiral particles are split between the Taylor vortices and particle chiralities. The results show no difference in rotation and orientation dynamics between chiralities. Rather, the particle dynamics are flow-dominated, where the flow vorticity determines the specific particle dynamics.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2025 Dec · PMID 41449295
·
Publisher ↗
In the early 2000s, Long and Lequeux established the first quantitative link between dynamic heterogeneity in the bulk and shifts in the glass transition temperature of thin films. Their minimal mean-field model demonst...In the early 2000s, Long and Lequeux established the first quantitative link between dynamic heterogeneity in the bulk and shifts in the glass transition temperature of thin films. Their minimal mean-field model demonstrated that equilibrium density fluctuations give rise to nanometric slow domains, the percolation of which governs vitrification. By showing how geometrical confinement alters this percolation pathway, they predicted shifts using only bulk properties, without fitting interfacial parameters. This conceptual breakthrough, in which finite-size effects emerge from projecting bulk dynamic heterogeneity onto a restricted geometry, constitutes the enduring legacy of their work. Subsequent experiments have confirmed this picture, showing that depression in free-standing films scales with the thickness of a liquid-like surface layer, while in supported systems mobility gradients reflect the reorganization of slow domains anchored at the interface. Looking forward, I outline at the end of this perspective several possible directions for refining this framework so as to capture a broader spectrum of relaxation channels, thereby enriching our understanding of dynamics in both bulk and confined polymer melts.
Pishkari N, Corradi E, Shim G
… +6 more, Cohen D, Luciano M, Gabriele S, Cappello G, Boudou T, Balland M
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2025 Dec · PMID 41420074
·
Publisher ↗
Cell migration is a cornerstone of biological systems, enabling organisms to adapt to environmental stimuli and maintain homeostasis. Disruptions in this process can lead to functional impairment or system failure. In ma...Cell migration is a cornerstone of biological systems, enabling organisms to adapt to environmental stimuli and maintain homeostasis. Disruptions in this process can lead to functional impairment or system failure. In many cases, cells do not move randomly; instead, they migrate directionally in response to external cues, allowing them to perform essential biological functions. This directed movement is especially important in processes such as morphogenesis, cancer invasion, and wound healing. To unravel the complexities of directional cell migration, investigating natural guiding stimuli is crucial. Among these, electrical fields stand out as precise and physiologically relevant stimulus. Using a platform designed to apply programmable electric fields, the SCHEEPDOG device, we applied controlled electric field of varying intensities to keratocytes and quantitatively analyzed their migratory behavior. Our findings reveal that electric field stimulation not only induces robust directional migration but also enhances migration speed in an intensity-dependent manner. Additionally, cells initially moving in random directions gradually align with the field vector, with higher intensities accelerating the alignment. Intriguingly, while both speed and alignment time can be modulated through stimulation, the overall shape of migration trajectories remains unchanged. In other terms, for cells initially moving to the opposite direction of the field, the alignment is accompanied by making a turn and the size and shape of this turn are not affected by the magnitude of the electrical stimulation. Together, these results demonstrate that electrical stimulation can tune the speed and directional alignment of keratocyte migration without altering turning dynamics. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of electrotaxis and offers new insights into how biophysical cues regulate cell migration in both physiological and pathological contexts.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2025 Dec · PMID 41405785
·
Publisher ↗
Liquid drops slide more slowly over soft, deformable substrates than over rigid solids. This phenomenon can be attributed to the viscoelastic dissipation induced by the moving wetting ridge, which inhibits a rapid motion...Liquid drops slide more slowly over soft, deformable substrates than over rigid solids. This phenomenon can be attributed to the viscoelastic dissipation induced by the moving wetting ridge, which inhibits a rapid motion, and is called "viscoelastic braking". Experiments on soft dynamical wetting have thus far been modeled using linear theory, assuming small deformations, which captures the essential scaling laws. Quantitatively, however, some important disparities have suggested the importance of large deformations induced by the sliding drops. Here we compute the dissipation occurring below a contact line moving at constant velocity over a viscoelastic substrate, for the first time explicitly accounting for large deformations. It is found that linear theory becomes inaccurate for thin layers and for ridge angles that are typically encountered in experiments. We explore neo-Hookean and strain-stiffening solids and discuss our findings in light of recent experiments.
Berkache K, Daoud I, Deghmoum M
… +1 more, Ganghoffer JF
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter
· 2025 Dec · PMID 41405670
·
Publisher ↗
Our study provides predictive tools for formulating agri-food products with controlled rheological properties containing mixtures. We investigated the rheological properties of binary biopolymer mixtures composed of xant...Our study provides predictive tools for formulating agri-food products with controlled rheological properties containing mixtures. We investigated the rheological properties of binary biopolymer mixtures composed of xanthan gum (XG) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), with a focus on their synergistic interactions and applications in dysphagia management. Through steady and dynamic rheological tests, we characterized the flow behavior, viscoelastic properties, and thermal stability of XG/CMC blends at varying ratios (100/0 to 0/100). Principal outcomes reveal that XG-rich blends ( XG) exhibit pronounced elastic behavior ( ), high yield stress, and strong shear-thinning properties, making them suitable for texture-modified foods requiring cohesive bolus formation. In particular, the apparent viscosity at -a critical shear rate for swallowing-was found to be for pure XG ( ), classifying it as "honey-like" according to dysphagia standards. Blends with of XG maintained viscosities in the nectar-like to honey-like range (51- ), while CMC-rich blends ( CMC) fell below ("thin"), rendering them unsuitable for dysphagia without reformulation. The Benhadid and Cross models effectively described the rheology of XG- and CMC-rich blends, respectively. Temperature studies highlighted XG's enhanced thermal stability (20- viscosity loss at 20- ) compared to CMC ( loss above ). These results provide predictive tools for designing dysphagia-friendly formulations that balance rheological performance, safety, and sensory acceptability, with XG-dominant blends offering the most promising formulations for meeting IDDSI guidelines.