Annals Of Behavioral Medicine[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Developing a skill-based intervention to address social health needs of adolescents and young adults with cancer: an ORBIT Phase 1 Study.
Fladeboe KM, O'Daffer A, Engelberg RA … +5 more , Salsman JM, Merluzzi T, Baker KS, Yi-Frazier JP, Rosenberg AR
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40481728 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Few interventions have improved social health of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer. Following the obesity-related behavioral intervention trials model, we developed a skill-based social needs mo...
BACKGROUND: Few interventions have improved social health of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer. Following the obesity-related behavioral intervention trials model, we developed a skill-based social needs module for integration within the Promoting Resilience in Stress Management (PRISM) behavioral intervention. METHODS: The social needs module targeting social relationship coping efficacy included behavioral skills adapted to AYAs. The module was refined through 2 separate pilot studies. For Study 1, AYAs 12-24 years old completed the module and a feedback interview. Rapid assessment process methods assessed acceptability, appropriateness, understandability, and informed content revisions. For Study 2, AYAs completed PRISM plus the social needs module (PRISM + Social Needs) and a feedback interview. Rapid assessment process methods assessed acceptability of program and session length, timing, and format. RESULTS: For Study 1, 6 AYAs completed the initial module focused on identifying and seeking support (mean age = 16 years); most found content acceptable and appropriate (4/6) but suggested adding skills for maintaining social connections and managing cancer-related conversations. Seven AYAs completed the revised module and interview (M = 16 years old); most found content acceptable (6/7) and appropriate (7/7) and suggestions were minimal. For Study 2, 7 AYAs completed the revised full program (M = 16 years old). Most were satisfied with program length (4/7) and duration (7/7); preferred in-person over virtual delivery (6/7); and wanted PRISM + Social Needs early in treatment (5/7). CONCLUSIONS: A skill-based social needs module may be acceptable, appropriate, and promising for AYAs. The PRISM + Social Needs intervention may be best delivered in-person and early in treatment, suggesting AYAs value face-to-face connection. Findings inform subsequent proof-of-concept studies.
Psychological distress and substance use among transgender and gender diverse adults in the United States: an intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy.
Aguayo-Romero R, Beccia A, Trinh MH … +1 more , Reisner SL
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40471089 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) populations have high mental and behavioral health morbidity, yet few studies have explored inequities in TGD people at the intersection of multiple identities. PURPOSE: T...
BACKGROUND: Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) populations have high mental and behavioral health morbidity, yet few studies have explored inequities in TGD people at the intersection of multiple identities. PURPOSE: This study sought to describe inequities in severe psychological distress and substance use by gender/sex, race, and socioeconomic status (SES) in TGD adults. METHODS: We conducted an intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) with 25 443 TGD people in the 2015 US Transgender Survey, nested within 48 intersectional social strata defined by gender/sex, race/ethnicity, and SES. For each outcome, a multilevel intersectional logistic model was fit with the additive effects of gender/sex, race/ethnicity, and SES and adjusting for age, gender expression, and US region. RESULTS: Mean age was 31 years (SD = 13); 35% were transgender women, 30% transgender men, 7% nonbinary assigned-male-at-birth, 29% nonbinary assigned-female-at-birth; 18% BIPOC; and 34% SES below poverty. Stratum-specific predicted outcome probabilities ranged from: 26%-64% severe psychological distress, 21%-36% binge drinking, 19%-37% cannabis use, 7%-12% illicit drug use, and 16%-34% cigarette smoking. Highest probabilities of cannabis and illicit drug use were among transgender women below the poverty line identifying as Biracial/Multiracial (37% and 12%) and Black/African American (34% and 12%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Findings highlight the nuance of privilege and oppression, heterogeneity in groups that may share one identity, and need for public health and equity efforts.
Covariation of daily stressors and alcohol use among adults aged 50+ years: differences across stressor characteristics and individual factors.
Miller SE, Maggs JL, Almeida DM
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40464621 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Several theoretical frameworks suggest connections between stress and alcohol use. However, limited existing literature has focused on older adults, and associations may vary across stressor and individual ch...
BACKGROUND: Several theoretical frameworks suggest connections between stress and alcohol use. However, limited existing literature has focused on older adults, and associations may vary across stressor and individual characteristics. PURPOSE: The current study extends the stress-drinking literature by assessing the same-day covariation of daily stressors and alcohol use among a national sample of adults aged 50+ years. METHODS: Participants (N = 1,035; Mage=61.62 years; range = 50-83) were non-abstaining adults who participated in an 8-day daily diary project in the National Study of Daily Experiences. RESULTS: Multilevel logistic regression analyses revealed no main effects of stressor exposure (OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.24), stressor quantity (OR = 1.09; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.20), or stressor severity (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.14) on likelihood of same-day alcohol consumption. There were differences by stressor domain. Days with non-work stressors were associated with a 13% greater likelihood of alcohol use compared to days without non-work stressors (OR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.004, 1.27). In contrast, likelihood of alcohol consumption did not differ between days with work stressors compared to days without work stressors (OR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.71, 1.13). Several between-person factors were found to moderate associations between daily stressors and alcohol use. Specifically, older age, lower educational attainment, and reporting alcohol-related problems strengthened associations between some daily stressor characteristics and likelihood of same-day alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings suggest individual differences in middle-aged and older adults' drinking on days with daily stressors. Results may inform efforts to provide personalized alcohol use education and intervention to adults aged 50+ years.
An individual participant data meta-analysis investigating the mediating role of eating behavior traits in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based weight management interventions.
Kudlek L, Mueller J, Eustachio Colombo P … +19 more , Sharp SJ, Boothby CE, Griffin SJ, Butryn M, Chwyl C, Forman E, Hagerman C, Hawkins M, Juarascio A, Knäuper B, Kolehmainen M, Levin ME, Lillis J, Maiz E, Manasse S, Palmeira L, Pietiläinen KH, Sherwood NE, Ahern A
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40451242 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Identifying mechanisms of action can aid the refinement of weight management interventions. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based interventions may support long-term weight management by improving sel...
BACKGROUND: Identifying mechanisms of action can aid the refinement of weight management interventions. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based interventions may support long-term weight management by improving self-regulation of eating behavior traits (EBTs). However, it remains unclear if changing EBTs like emotional eating, external eating, internal disinhibition, and restraint during ACT causes improved weight management. METHODS: For this 1-stage Individual Participant Data (IPD) meta-analysis, we requested IPD from 9 trials identified through a systematic search of ACT-based interventions for adults with a body mass index >25 kg/m2 across 8 databases until June 20, 2022. We obtained, checked, and harmonized data from 8 of those trials (N = 1391) and conducted separate structural equation models with complex survey analysis to estimate short- and long-term mediating effects of changes in each EBT on percent weight change. RESULTS: In the short-term (ie, follow-up closest to intervention end), we found indirect effects of the intervention on percent weight change through changes in emotional eating, external eating, internal disinhibition, and restraint. Each 1-unit change in these EBTs led to a 0.02% (95% CI, 0.05-0.001), 0.03% (95% CI, 0.06-0.001), 0.05% (95% CI, 0.11-0.02), and 0.09% (95% CI, 0.14-0.04) decrease in weight, respectively. In the long term (ie, 12 months after intervention end), we found both indirect and total effects for emotional eating, internal disinhibition, and restraint, with EBT changes explaining 23.78%, 23.12%, and 25.64% of total effects. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest small partial mediating effects of ACT on weight through EBTs. Targeting EBTs may support improved weight management outcomes, particularly in the long term.
Masculinity and colorectal cancer screening: a cross-sectional study of men attending state fairs in Minnesota and Wisconsin.
Sedani AE, Baxter SLK, Benavidez GA … +3 more , Grande SW, Aspiras O, Rogers CR
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40448935 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Success in community-based interventions addressing colorectal cancer (CRC) disparities among men relies on their active engagement in screening activities, yet traditional masculinity norms may deter men fro...
BACKGROUND: Success in community-based interventions addressing colorectal cancer (CRC) disparities among men relies on their active engagement in screening activities, yet traditional masculinity norms may deter men from participating in preventive health behaviors. PURPOSE: This cross-sectional study examined the association between masculinity barriers to medical care (MBMC) and CRC-screening intent and behaviors among men aged 18-75, attending state fairs in 2 midwestern states. METHODS: CRC-screening intent was assessed for all participants. Screening participation and current screening status were also examined among men aged 45-75 years (screening-age eligible). Composite scores were calculated overall and for each MBMC subscale, with higher scores indicating a stronger endorsement of traditional masculine ideologies. Multivariable logistic regression was employed, adjusting for confounders. RESULTS: Our findings highlight a high prevalence of self-reported CRC-screening behaviors among men in our study sample (n = 937), with 78% expressing intentions to obtain screening. Among screening-age eligible men (n = 377), 79% reported having participated in CRC screening, with 72% being up-to-date (UTD) with screening. A strong inverse relationship was observed between CRC-screening intention and behaviors, and the Health Problem Minimization subscale as well as Fear of Being Perceived as Gay subscale. Conversely, higher scores on the Provider Role subscale were associated with higher odds of having ever participated in CRC screening, and of being UTD with screening. CONCLUSIONS: Addressing masculinity-related barriers, particularly Health Problem Minimization, could help increase CRC screening uptake among men. Future intervention strategies should consider reframing CRC screening as an act of self-care and strength, emphasizing health empowerment rather than aligning solely with traditional masculine or provider-role ideologies, which may themselves present limitations. By promoting a broader and more inclusive view of masculinity, interventions can better engage men in preventive health behaviors and ultimately improve CRC-screening adherence and outcomes.
Effectiveness of the Let's Move It multi-level vocational school-based intervention on physical activity and sedentary behavior: a cluster randomized trial.
Hankonen N, Haukkala A, Palsola M … +10 more , Heino MTJ, Sund R, Tokola K, Absetz P, Araújo-Soares V, Sniehotta FF, Borodulin K, Uutela A, Lintunen T, Vasankari T
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40423552 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Low levels of physical activity (PA), more prevalent among those with low education, require effective interventions. Fewer trials have tested interventions to decrease sedentary behavior (SB). No school-base...
BACKGROUND: Low levels of physical activity (PA), more prevalent among those with low education, require effective interventions. Fewer trials have tested interventions to decrease sedentary behavior (SB). No school-based interventions have shown lasting effects on PA or SB in vocational schools. PURPOSE: To examine whether the Let's Move It intervention has effects on behavioral and clinical outcomes among vocational students after 2 and 14 months. METHODS: A cluster randomized trial in 6 school units in vocational education in Finland (N = 1112) (mean age 18.5 years, range 15-46). The multi-component intervention targeted in-class activity opportunities (eg, teacher-led activity breaks, equipment in classrooms), and students' motivation and self-regulation (eg, 6 group sessions, à 45-60 min, during the intensive intervention period of 2 months). Valid (≥ 4 days, ≥ 10 h/day) accelerometer data were obtained from 741 students at baseline, 521 (70.3%) at 2 months, and 406 (54.8%) at 14 months. RESULTS: No evidence of a significant intervention effect on the co-primary outcomes (moderate-to-vigorous PA, SB, breaks in SB) was found. Participants in the intervention arm reduced their total daily SB time by 32 min (95% CI, -43.2 to -20.8) on weekdays, compared with the control arm's reduction of 8.6 (95% CI, -19.5 to 2.3) and engaged in more accelerometer-measured light PA during school time. Few differences were found in secondary outcomes. The fidelity of intervention delivery was relatively good. CONCLUSIONS: This school-based intervention did not affect leisure-time activity. Despite a positive outcome on school-time light PA, more comprehensive or intensive environmental changes may be needed to meaningfully improve vocational students' total activity.
Outcome expectations and repeated blood donation behavior: a moderated mediation model in a prospective observational study.
Hu H, Hu W, Lau JTF … +3 more , Hu Q, Yan Y, Mo PKH
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40396493 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Social cognitive theory proposes outcome expectations as an important factor in behavior change and maintenance. However, it is unknown whether and how outcome expectations interact with prosocial traits in p...
BACKGROUND: Social cognitive theory proposes outcome expectations as an important factor in behavior change and maintenance. However, it is unknown whether and how outcome expectations interact with prosocial traits in predicting repeated blood donation (RBD) behavior. PURPOSE: The current study aimed to test the prospective association between outcome expectations and RBD behavior and the roles of altruism and re-donation intention in this association. METHODS: A total of 850 blood donors recruited from blood donation sites in Hangzhou, China, completed an online baseline survey. Their RBD behavior was captured by checking their blood donation records in the database of Blood Center of Zhejiang Province 6 months later. RESULTS: Anticipated physical benefits positively predicted RBD behavior, while anticipated physical harms negatively predicted it. Moderated mediation analyses showed that overall outcome expectations and anticipated physical benefits predicted more RBD behavior through increased re-donation intention, and this effect was moderated by altruism. Specifically, the positive effect of overall outcome expectations and anticipated physical benefits on re-donation intention was stronger among donors with lower levels of altruism. Overall outcome expectations and anticipated physical benefits were found to have a significant impact on RBD behavior only in donors with lower levels of altruism. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that interventions aimed at promoting RBD behavior should seek to enhance re-donation intention, overall outcome expectations, and altruism. In particular, it is important to increase the overall outcome expectations-especially anticipated physical benefits-of donors with lower levels of altruism.
Effects of a diabetes conversation map intervention on HbA1c and the differential mediating roles of diet and exercise health behaviors: findings from a large RCT in Taiwan.
Lo HJ, Huang JH
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40387913 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: By 2045, the global population of people with diabetes (PWD) is projected to reach 783 million. Health education tools are needed to enhance glycemic management among PWD. PURPOSE: This study evaluated the ef...
BACKGROUND: By 2045, the global population of people with diabetes (PWD) is projected to reach 783 million. Health education tools are needed to enhance glycemic management among PWD. PURPOSE: This study evaluated the effects of a diabetes conversation map (CM) intervention on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and examined the mediating roles of health behavior improvements among PWD in Taiwan. METHODS: A large randomized controlled trial (N = 602) investigated: (1) whether an additional 1-hour, theory-driven CM intervention (N = 300), compared with usual shared-care service only (N = 302), could significantly better improve PWD's HbA1c at 3-month posttest, and (2) whether the CM intervention's effects on HbA1c reduction were mediated through desired changes in diet and exercise health behaviors between pretest and 3-month posttest. RESULTS: Multivariate linear autoregression analysis demonstrated that controlling for baseline levels, the CM group exhibited significantly lower HbA1c (β = -0.101) at 3-month posttest than the control group. In addition, the CM group showed significantly greater improvements in both diet (β = 0.261) and exercise (β = 0.239) health behaviors between the pretest and 3-month posttest, compared with the control group. Further mediation analysis revealed that the CM intervention's effects on HbA1c reduction were primarily mediated through improvements in diet (β = -0.126, P < .001), rather than improvements in exercise (β = -0.023, P = .465). CONCLUSIONS: Integrating brief, single-session CM interventions, as described in this study, into existing diabetes shared-care frameworks may effectively enhance diet and exercise health behaviors and thereby improve HbA1c management among PWD.
Screen time and allostatic load among youth: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015-2018.
Chapman TM, McAlister KL, Moore KN … +2 more , Wang WL, Belcher BR
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40387912 · Full text
BACKGROUND: More screen time (ST) is associated with dysregulation of the individual biological systems (cardiovascular, immune, metabolic, and neuroendocrine) involved in the stress response in youth. However, its relat...
BACKGROUND: More screen time (ST) is associated with dysregulation of the individual biological systems (cardiovascular, immune, metabolic, and neuroendocrine) involved in the stress response in youth. However, its relationship with allostatic load (AL), a measure of the cumulative physiological stress response, is unclear in youth. PURPOSE: To investigate the associations between ST types and AL outcomes in youth and to explore sociodemographic and behavioral moderators of these relationships. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were from 1053 US youth aged 12-17 years (Mage = 14.20; 54% male; 21% Hispanic) in the 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). ST was assessed as watching TV/videos and computer use/playing computer games. AL was measured using 7 biomarkers across 3 systems: cardiovascular (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate), immune (C-reactive protein), and metabolic (body mass index, glycohemoglobin, and high-density lipoprotein). Weighted multivariable regression models assessed whether ST predicted AL composite and subsystem (cardiovascular, immune, and metabolic) scores. Moderation by age, sex, income, race/ethnicity, and physical activity was explored. RESULTS: A 1-hour/day increase in watching TV/videos was associated with a 4% increase in mean AL composite score (incident rate ratio = 1.040; 95% CI = 1.008, 1.073; P = .015), while computer use/gaming showed no significant associations (P's > .05). Age moderated the TV/videos-AL cardiovascular association (P = .009), with older youth having higher AL cardiovascular scores. CONCLUSIONS: More time spent watching TV/videos was associated with higher cumulative physiological stress in youth. Prospective studies are needed to determine causal pathways and potential intervention targets in youth.
Superwoman schema and arterial stiffness in Black American women: assessing the role of environmental mastery.
Blevins KM, Fields ND, Pressman SD … +11 more , Erving CL, Martin ZT, Moore RH, Murden RJ, Parker R, Udaipuria S, Booker B, Culler L, Vaccarino V, Quyyumi A, Lewis TT
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40380318 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests that the Superwoman Schema (SWS)-the sociocultural representation of Black women as naturally strong, independent, and nurturing-may play an important role in Black women's cardiova...
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests that the Superwoman Schema (SWS)-the sociocultural representation of Black women as naturally strong, independent, and nurturing-may play an important role in Black women's cardiovascular health; but findings have been relatively mixed. One interesting possibility is that environmental mastery, a sense of control over one's environment, may mitigate negative aspects of SWS. PURPOSE: We investigated whether mastery moderated the association between SWS and pulse wave velocity (PWV), the gold standard measure of arterial stiffness linked to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. METHODS: Participants were N = 368 early middle-aged (30-45 years old) Black women from the southeastern USA who completed the 35-item Giscombé Superwoman Schema Questionnaire and Ryff's 14-item environmental mastery scale. Carotid-femoral PWV was assessed using the SphygmoCor device. Linear regression models examined the main and interactive associations of SWS and mastery on PWV, adjusting for age, education, income, body mass index, smoking status, blood pressure, and antihypertensive medication use. RESULTS: Analyses revealed a significant overall SWS endorsement by mastery interaction [β = -.11, P = .02], such that SWS was positively associated with higher PWV only when mastery was low. Three SWS dimensions drove this association: SWS strength, SWS suppress emotions, and SWS resistance to vulnerability (all P-values < .05) showing similar patterns to the overall SWS interaction with mastery. CONCLUSIONS: In Black women, high endorsement of SWS is associated with greater arterial stiffness when environmental mastery is low. Thus, SWS may be more physiologically taxing when one senses less control over their environment.
Outcomes of the linking exercise for advancing daily stress (LEADS) management and resilience randomized pilot trial in African American adolescents and families.
Wilson DK, Quattlebaum M, Sweeney AM … +6 more , Simmons T, Kipp C, White T, Wood V, Van Horn ML, Martin P
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40380317 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Previous research has examined the deleterious impact of racial stress on African Americans' mental and physical health; however, few interventions have focused on utilizing culturally salient protective fact...
BACKGROUND: Previous research has examined the deleterious impact of racial stress on African Americans' mental and physical health; however, few interventions have focused on utilizing culturally salient protective factors to buffer the effect of racial stress on physical health outcomes. PURPOSE: This pilot feasibility trial assessed the preliminary impact of Linking Exercise for Advancing Daily Stress (LEADS) Management and Resilience, a cultural and family-based resilience intervention aiming to increase physical activity and improve coping in overweight African American adolescents (N = 23 adolescent-caregiver dyads; adolescent Mage 14.0 ± 2.2; MBMI percentile 97.8; 61.9% female; Parents Mage 46.4 ± 8.8; MBMI 41.2 ± 7.6; 100.00% female). METHODS: The 10-week feasibility trial tested an online family-based group resilience and health promotion program compared to an online health education only program. RESULTS: Process evaluation demonstrated high feasibility and acceptability of both group programs. As hypothesized, among adolescents, the treatment means reflect an average increase of 4.31 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in the intervention group compared to an average decrease of 7.84 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in the health education group. For light physical activity, treatment means reflect an average increase of 11.08 min/day in the intervention group and an average decrease of 2.56 min/day in the health education group. Also, the intervention adolescents and parents had greater engagement in adaptive coping skills (active coping, religion to cope, cognitive reframing) from baseline to post-treatment than the health education group, and greater reductions in maladaptive, and passive coping skills (self-distraction) than the health education group. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot feasibility trial demonstrates the acceptabity and feasibiity of integrating culturally sensitive strength-based interventions for African American families to promote health promotion behaviors and coping.
Sexual identity differences in ideal cardiovascular health among cisgender adults in the All of Us Research Program.
Caceres BA, Sharma Y, Doan D … +6 more , Ravindranath R, Nguyen V, Ensari I, Belloir J, Lim YZ, Cook S
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40338046 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular health (CVH) disparities have been documented among sexual minority adults, yet prior research has focused on individual CVH metrics. We sought to examine sexual identity differences in CVH usi...
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular health (CVH) disparities have been documented among sexual minority adults, yet prior research has focused on individual CVH metrics. We sought to examine sexual identity differences in CVH using the American Heart Association's composite measure of ideal CVH, which provides a more comprehensive assessment of future CVD risk. METHODS: Data from the All of Us Research Program were analyzed. Sexual identity was categorized as heterosexual, gay/lesbian, bisexual, or other. Individual CVH health metrics and cumulative ideal CVH (range 0-100) were assessed. We ran sex-stratified multiple linear regression models to estimate differences across individual CVH metrics and cumulative ideal CVH between sexual minority and heterosexual adults. We also explored differences in CVH across racial/ethnic and age groups. RESULTS: The sample included 11 047 cisgender adults with a mean age of 61.1 years (± 13.85); 80% were non-Hispanic White. Lesbian women, gay men, and bisexual women reported greater nicotine exposure than their heterosexual counterparts. Compared to heterosexual men, gay men (B [95% CI] = -8.95 [-14.50, -3.39]) had worse physical activity scores. Gay men also had better body mass index scores than heterosexual men (B [95% CI] = 3.21 [0.09, 6.33]). Bisexual women and men had lower cumulative ideal CVH scores than heterosexual adults. Exploratory analyses revealed several differences in individual CVH metrics and cumulative ideal CVH across racial/ethnic and age groups. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical interventions to improve the CVH of bisexual adults are needed. Findings can inform the design of interventions that are tailored for specific subgroups of sexual minority adults.
Open science? Responsiveness to requests for data in a review of smoking cessation interventions.
Pei Y, Gilliam M, Listrom O … +6 more , Bermudez A, Kenny A, de Bruin M, Noar SM, Goldstein AO, Sheeran P
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40298095 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Little research has examined rates or correlates of adherence to Open Science practices such as data sharing. We investigated how often researchers share data for inclusion in a meta-analysis and their reasons...
OBJECTIVE: Little research has examined rates or correlates of adherence to Open Science practices such as data sharing. We investigated how often researchers share data for inclusion in a meta-analysis and their reasons for not sharing data, and tested factors that could be associated with data sharing. METHODS: We requested data for 189 studies (167 authors) as part of a National Cancer Institute-funded meta-analysis of quit intentions and smoking cessation. Authors were contacted via email up to 4 times. We tracked responses, reasons for not sharing data, and coded 23 features of the author team (eg, number of authors and h-index), the request (eg, amount of information requested), and the study (eg, year of publication and preregistration). RESULTS: Thirty-five percent of authors provided the requested data, 21% responded but did not provide data, and 44% never responded to our request. Of the 37 reasons offered for not sharing data, the most common were loss of access to data (76%) and lack of time (11%). More recent trials, fewer citations, publication in medical (vs. behavioral) journals, and study preregistration were each associated with providing the requested data (Ps < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Contacting authors for unpublished data resulted in a moderate response rate (56%) and modest provision of data (35%). Barriers to data sharing such as access and time constraints highlight challenges faced by behavioral health researchers in promoting transparency. The factors associated with responsiveness underscore the importance of journal policies and Open Science practices in enhancing data sharing.
Negative lay perceptions of open-label placebo users may pose barriers to intervention adoption.
Sgambati TJ, Colloca L, Geers AL … +1 more , Guevarra DA
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40272098 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Recent research has revealed that the use of specific medical interventions carries with it social stigma. This "intervention stigma" can pose an obstacle to the use and adoption of interventions that may oth...
BACKGROUND: Recent research has revealed that the use of specific medical interventions carries with it social stigma. This "intervention stigma" can pose an obstacle to the use and adoption of interventions that may otherwise be effective in managing medical conditions. Open-label placebos (OLPs) have been identified as a potential intervention for a variety of clinical and nonclinical conditions but are viewed with skepticism among lay populations. PURPOSE: This online experimental study aimed to quantify intervention stigma associated with the use of OLP interventions for a medical condition within a warmth-competence framework of social perception. METHODS: In an online experiment fielded in the USA (N = 541), we randomly assigned participants to read 1 of 4 vignettes about a patient who is administered an OLP intervention by a physician for chronic back pain. In each vignette, the patient's belief in and response to the treatment varied. After reading the vignette, participants rated the patient on several characteristics that captured perceptions of warmth and competence. RESULTS: We found that patients who believed in the OLP intervention or reported improvement after taking it were perceived as less competent and warmer. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the use of OLP interventions for medical conditions carries intervention stigma. We contend that this stigma poses an obstacle to the adoption of OLP interventions.
Attitudes regarding polygenic risk testing for lung cancer: a mixed-methods study.
Badr H, Byun J, Aldrich MC … +4 more , Bierut LJ, Chen LS, Hung RJ, Amos CI
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40261086 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) hold promise for early lung cancer detection and personalized treatment, yet factors influencing patient interest in PRS-based genetic testing are not well understood. PURPOSE: Gro...
BACKGROUND: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) hold promise for early lung cancer detection and personalized treatment, yet factors influencing patient interest in PRS-based genetic testing are not well understood. PURPOSE: Grounded in the health belief model, this mixed-methods study explored knowledge, attitudes, perceived benefits and barriers to lung cancer PRS, and preferences for receiving PRS results. RESULTS: The study included 141 individuals (41% African American, 63% female) recruited from two hospital affiliates of a comprehensive cancer center in the Southwestern United States. Although participants recognized the severity of lung cancer, knowledge of PRS was limited. Concerns about privacy, psychological impacts, and uncertainty about result usefulness diminished interest in genetic testing for polygenic risk. Significant differences (P < .05) in attitudes were observed: women expressed heightened concerns about psychological effects, and African Americans reported greater perceptions of stigma and concerns about potential familial consequences. Qualitative findings emphasized the psychological burden of learning one's genetic risk, particularly among those with family cancer histories or smoking exposure. Participants emphasized the need for clear, actionable results and assurances of data privacy. CONCLUSIONS: Perceived benefits and barriers to PRS-based testing varied by sociodemographic and personal risk factors, with concerns about stigma, psychological burden, and privacy shaping attitudes. Given participants' emphasis on clear, actionable results, strategies to enhance uptake should improve risk communication, ensure data privacy, and provide guidance on risk-reducing actions. Tailored approaches addressing subgroup-specific concerns may improve diverse patient engagement and equitable access to PRS.
US military veterans' perceived concordance with their providers regarding persistent physical symptoms prospectively predicts satisfaction with care and adherence to care plans.
Phillips LA, Lesnewich LM, Bloeser K … +10 more , Lin Y, Boska RL, Hyde JK, Bayley PJ, Chandler HK, Reinhard MJ, Santos SL, Stewart R, Helmer DA, McAndrew LM
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40257120 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Medically unexplained, persistent physical symptoms and syndromes are commonly seen in primary care. These are debilitating for patients and difficult to treat, causing frustration for patients and providers....
BACKGROUND: Medically unexplained, persistent physical symptoms and syndromes are commonly seen in primary care. These are debilitating for patients and difficult to treat, causing frustration for patients and providers. PURPOSE: This study investigates how well US military veterans with multiple persistent physical symptoms (PPS), called Gulf War illness (GWI), agree with their healthcare providers about their illness. This agreement, called perceived concordance, is hypothesized to influence veterans' satisfaction with care, adherence to care plans, and disability levels. METHODS: Participants were 230 veterans with GWI deployed to the 1990-1991 Gulf War who were recruited from Veteran Affairs primary care and War Related Illness and Injury Study Centers (WRIISCs). Veterans' GWI perceptions and perceived concordance with their providers regarding GWI were assessed at a medical visit. Veterans' self-reported satisfaction with care, adherence to care plans, and disability levels were measured at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months post-baseline. RESULTS: Bivariate correlations indicated that veterans' GWI-related illness perceptions were related to veterans' satisfaction with care and reports of functional disability. Beyond these effects, veterans' perceived concordance with the provider regarding GWI was positively associated with satisfaction over time (e.g., fixed-effect estimate = 0.36, P < .001 for 1-week follow-up) and adherence to care plans (fixed-effect estimate averaged across all timepoints = 0.03, P = .03) but was unrelated to reported disability. CONCLUSIONS: Veterans' perceived concordance with their providers about GWI seems to be important for patient satisfaction and adherence to care plans. More research with longer-term follow-up is needed to understand how perceived concordance might influence disability levels and the outcome of care plans.
App-based mindfulness meditation reduces stress in novice meditators: a randomized controlled trial of headspace using ecological momentary assessment.
Zawadzki MJ, Torok ZA, Peña M … +1 more , Gavrilova L
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40257119 · Full text
BACKGROUND: App-based mindfulness meditation programs have shown mixed effects in reducing stress levels. These studies have typically relied on limited assessments of dimensions of stress and on pre-post designs to dete...
BACKGROUND: App-based mindfulness meditation programs have shown mixed effects in reducing stress levels. These studies have typically relied on limited assessments of dimensions of stress and on pre-post designs to detect effects. PURPOSE: This randomized controlled trial examined the effect of the mindfulness meditation app Headspace on reducing subjective stress, stressor appraisals, perceived coping, and perseverative cognitions. It tested stress-reducing effects in everyday life throughout an eight-week intervention period. METHOD: Non-faculty employees (n = 138; age M = 38.19; 75.36% female; 54.5% White, 27.54% Hispanic; 51.45% with a professional degree) from a university in California's Central Valley were randomized into either the Headspace condition (instructed to complete 10 minutes of meditation daily) or wait-list (inactive) control group. Participants completed ecological momentary assessments of stress five times a day for four consecutive days at baseline, at two and five weeks after randomization (mid-intervention), and at eight weeks post-randomization (post-intervention), resulting in 6260 observations of stress dimensions. RESULTS: Hierarchical linear models were used to test the interaction of condition by time, revealing significant effects for subjective stress, perceived coping, and perseverative cognitions. By week 2, compared to the baseline, participants in the Headspace condition reported less subjective stress and perseverative cognitions, and by week 5 reported more perceived coping. These effects persisted through week 8. No changes were observed for stressor appraisal. Participants in the control condition reported increases in subjective stress and perseverative cognitions, and decreases in coping, throughout the intervention period. DISCUSSION: Headspace was effective at reducing stress in a high-stress environment. Findings suggest the potential for relatively quick and sustained gains in stress benefits from meditation practice that may help practitioners develop their future programs.
Improving the design and analytic methods used in NIH-funded clinical trials involving behavioral interventions.
Murray DM, Simoni JM
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40257118 · Full text
Behavioral interventions are widely used in clinical trials supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). When behavioral interventions involve group-formatted components and/or shared interventionists, they requ...
Behavioral interventions are widely used in clinical trials supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). When behavioral interventions involve group-formatted components and/or shared interventionists, they require special design and analytic methods not needed in trials that do not involve these features. The NIH Office of Disease Prevention (ODP) and the NIH Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (OBSSR) offer resources to make it easier for investigators to use appropriate methods to evaluate these interventions. This commentary draws attention to these issues and highlights the ODP and OBSSR resources available to investigators. We urge investigators to take advantage of these resources to learn about and adopt appropriate sample size and analytic methods for trials to evaluate behavioral interventions so that their results will be reliable and reproducible. That is the best way to advance the science of behavioral interventions to improve health.
Transforming Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine to Address the Climate Crisis: A Call for Strategic Research and Advocacy.
Epel ES, White KE, Brownell KD … +11 more , Rodin J, Hollis AL, Diefenbach MA, Alegria KE, Fromer E, Czajkowski SM, Bacon SL, Revenson TA, Ruiz J, Maibach E, Behavioral Medicine Research Council
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40254295 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The climate crisis poses the largest threat to human health and survival and has been a public health emergency for many years. It is causing harmful consequences for physical and mental health and is amplifyi...
OBJECTIVE: The climate crisis poses the largest threat to human health and survival and has been a public health emergency for many years. It is causing harmful consequences for physical and mental health and is amplifying existing health inequities. In this call to action, we highlight the relevance of the health psychology and behavioral medicine communities in addressing the health impacts of climate change. METHOD: We identify mitigation and adaptation climate health behaviors and social changes needed that underlie the three essential objectives to address climate change and its associated health consequences: (a) rapid decarbonization, (b) drawdown of atmospheric heat-trapping gases (sequestration), and (c) adap- tation. RESULTS: To advance the behavioral and systemic changes necessary to protect health, we propose a 1-2-3 Transformational Model in which the larger field of health psychology and behavioral medicine promotes (1) One Health, human and planetary health by (2) targeting climate health behaviors, and (3) social change across major professional areas, including research, interventions, and education/advo- cacy. We urge the adoption of the social quantum change paradigm, a systems approach to understanding the process of social change, where systemic change is viewed as local to global, and the individual has an influential role. DISCUSSION: These shifts in views, priorities, and methods will bolster hope, collective efficacy, and action to support the next generation of health psychology and behavioral medicine profession- als. With these changes, the health psychology and behavioral medicine communities can have a more immediate and meaningful impact on the climate crisis and its associated health consequences.
Neuroception of safety is associated with elevated heart rate variability in the laboratory and more frequent heart rate variability increases in everyday life.
Schwerdtfeger AR, Wekenborg M, Tatschl JM … +1 more , Rominger C
Ann Behav Med · 2025 Jan · PMID 40165438 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Feeling comfortable and safe has been discussed to foster health and well-being. However, the pathways to better health are complex, involving both behavioral and physiological routes. METHODS: In this study,...
OBJECTIVE: Feeling comfortable and safe has been discussed to foster health and well-being. However, the pathways to better health are complex, involving both behavioral and physiological routes. METHODS: In this study, we examined the role of safety perception for cardiac health by (1) examining associations with baseline heart rate variability (HRV; Study 1) and (2) evaluating a novel measure of autonomic cardiac flexibility in daily life, namely increases in HRV independent of metabolic demands (ImdHRVi; Study 2). RESULTS: Study 1 (N = 76) found evidence for a positive association between vagally mediated HRV and the Neuroception of Psychological Safety scale (Morton L, Cogan N, Kolacz J, et al. "A new measure of feeling safe: developing psychometric properties of the Neuroception of Psychological Safety Scale (NPSS)": Correction. Psychol Trauma. 2022; https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001374), thus suggesting a link between safety and cardiac vagal regulation. In Study 2, a sample of N = 245 adult volunteers participated in a four-day-ambulatory assessment measuring HRV and bodily movement. A regression was calculated between HRV and bodily movement for 12 h of the first recording day, which was then used to calculate minute-by-minute ImdHRVi (beyond those predicted by bodily movement) in the following days. It turned out that safety perception predicted more episodes of ImdHRVi in everyday life, even after controlling for several confounds. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that feeling safe and everyday life cardiac autonomic regulation are interrelated, thus possibly contributing to adaptive adjustment and health.
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