Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42285060
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We investigate from first principles the temperature-dependent electron-phonon (e-ph) renormalization of the fundamental band gaps of diamond, silicon, and gallium phosphide, with many-electron self-energy effects includ...We investigate from first principles the temperature-dependent electron-phonon (e-ph) renormalization of the fundamental band gaps of diamond, silicon, and gallium phosphide, with many-electron self-energy effects included, using the GW and GW perturbation theory methods for the band energy and e-ph coupling, respectively. Our results show that the e-ph renormalization of band gaps is enhanced by ∼50% at the GW level compared to results obtained with density functional theory (DFT) and density functional perturbation theory for all three materials. Moreover, the temperature dependence of the band gaps predicted by GW and GW perturbation theory shows excellent agreement with experimental measurements, with significant improvements from results at the DFT level. Our analysis reveals nonuniform GW self-energy corrections, both in the e-ph coupling from different phonon modes and in the phonon-induced contributions (the Fan-Migdal and Debye-Waller terms) to the electron self-energy. Our findings emphasize the crucial role of many-electron effects in the temperature-dependent e-ph renormalization of band gaps and highlight the necessity of including GW self-energy effects going beyond standard DFT approaches for accurate descriptions of e-ph phenomena.
Lois-Fuentes J, Fernández-Domínguez B, Roger T
… +37 more, Delaunay F, Lozano-González M, Sorlin O, Otsuka T, Suzuki T, Achouri NL, Caamaño M, Cabo C, Caceres L, Candiello A, Cassisa A, Ceulemans A, Cresto F, Delignac Q, Dueñas JA, Fernández-Fernández D, Fracassetti S, Giovinazzo J, Grévy S, Grinyer GF, Guimarães V, Kamalou O, Kurtukian-Nieto T, Latif MB, Mauss B, Nicolle C, Ortega-Moral A, Pancin J, Piot J, Poleshchuk O, Raabe R, Ramos D, Regueira-Castro D, Sánchez-Benítez AM, Thomas JC, Vandebrouck M, Zamora JC
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42285059
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We present the first direct measurement of the Z=6 shell gap in the neutron-rich ^{20}O nucleus. The one-proton removal transfer reaction ^{2}H(^{20}O,^{3}He)^{19}N has been studied using the ACTAR TPC setup at GANIL. Th...We present the first direct measurement of the Z=6 shell gap in the neutron-rich ^{20}O nucleus. The one-proton removal transfer reaction ^{2}H(^{20}O,^{3}He)^{19}N has been studied using the ACTAR TPC setup at GANIL. The use of ACTAR TPC enabled the measurement of low-cross section proton-removal reactions while preserving resolution. Eight p-hole states with ℓ=1 were identified in ^{19}N accounting for total strengths of 86% and 72% of the 0p_{3/2} and 0p_{1/2} single-particle orbitals, respectively. The energies and spectroscopic factors of the measured states allowed to determine the proton spin-orbit splitting π0p_{3/2}-π0p_{1/2} in ^{20}O. The Z=6 shell gap has been established to be 5.30(14) MeV. These findings indicate a reduction of the Z=6 shell gap while adding neutrons to the sd-valence orbitals, consistent with the effects of the tensor force predicted by state-of-the-art shell model interaction SFO-tls while at variance with the emergence of a large Z=6 gap observed in other studies.
Hu G, Zhang W, Chen Z
… +16 more, Zhong L, Zhao J, Liu C, Liu Z, Xu Y, Lin Y, Ri Y, Xie G, Liu M, Yuan H, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Hu CK, Liu S, Tan D, Yu D
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42285058
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Quantum sensing leverages quantum resources to surpass the standard quantum limit, yet many existing protocols rely on the preparation of complex entangled states and Hamiltonian engineering, posing challenges for univer...Quantum sensing leverages quantum resources to surpass the standard quantum limit, yet many existing protocols rely on the preparation of complex entangled states and Hamiltonian engineering, posing challenges for universality and scalability. Here, we report an experimental implementation of a universal butterfly metrology protocol, proposed in Kobrin et al. [A universal protocol for quantum-enhanced sensing via information scrambling, arXiv:2411.12794.] demonstrating a scrambling-based approach for quantum-enhanced sensing on a superconducting quantum processor. By exploiting many-body information scrambling, we observe quantum-enhanced phase sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit, with a scaling consistent with a factor of 2 of the Heisenberg limit for system sizes of up to 10 qubits after a normalization process. Importantly, we experimentally establish a connection between the enhanced sensitivity and the dynamics of the out-of-time-order correlator, and show that the buildup of scrambling-induced genuine multipartite entanglement underlies the observed sensitivity enhancement. Our results demonstrate a scalable approach for quantum-enhanced sensing in interacting many-body quantum systems.
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42285057
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In this Letter, we show that the one-loop QCD β function can be obtained from an index theorem on twistor space. This is achieved by recalling that the θ angle of self-dual gauge theory flows according the one-loop β fun...In this Letter, we show that the one-loop QCD β function can be obtained from an index theorem on twistor space. This is achieved by recalling that the θ angle of self-dual gauge theory flows according the one-loop β function. Rewriting self-dual gauge theory as a holomorphic theory on twistor space this flow can be computed as the anomaly to scale invariance. The one-loop Weyl anomaly coefficient a-c can be recovered similarly.
Gu S, Caha L, Choe SH
… +3 more, He Z, Kubica A, Tang E
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42285056
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We investigate layer codes, a family of three-dimensional stabilizer codes that achieves optimal scaling of code parameters and energy barrier, as candidates for self-correcting quantum memories. First, we introduce two...We investigate layer codes, a family of three-dimensional stabilizer codes that achieves optimal scaling of code parameters and energy barrier, as candidates for self-correcting quantum memories. First, we introduce two decoding algorithms for layer codes with provable guarantees for local stochastic and adversarial noise, respectively. We then prove that layer codes constitute partially self-correcting quantum memories which outperform previously analyzed models such as the cubic and welded solid codes. Notably, we argue that partial self-correction without the requirement of efficient decoding is more common than expected, as it arises solely from a diverging energy barrier. This draws a sharp distinction between partially self-correcting systems and partially self-correcting memories. Another novel aspect of our work is an analysis of layer codes constructed from random Calderbank-Shor-Steane codes. We show that these random layer codes have optimal scaling (up to logarithmic corrections) of code parameters and energy barrier. Finally, we present numerical studies of their memory times and report behavior consistent with partial self-correction.
Sambataro ML, Plumari S, Das SK
… +1 more, Greco V
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42285055
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We introduce the p_{T}-differential radial flow v_{0}(p_{T}) in the heavy-quark sector. Within an event-by-event Langevin framework, we show that this observable exhibits a strong sensitivity to the heavy quark-bulk inte...We introduce the p_{T}-differential radial flow v_{0}(p_{T}) in the heavy-quark sector. Within an event-by-event Langevin framework, we show that this observable exhibits a strong sensitivity to the heavy quark-bulk interaction. It provides a powerful and novel tool to constrain the transport coefficients of heavy quarks in the quark-gluon plasma and, more generally, to assess the strength of the interaction of a Brownian particle in an expanding bulk medium. The results further indicate that heavy quarks exhibit collective behavior driven by the isotropic expansion of the quark-gluon plasma in heavy-ion collisions and, at low p_{T}, it offers a marked signature of the heavy-quark hadronization mechanism.
Guan Z, TenHuisen SFR, Tepie M
… +14 more, Zhao Y, Day-Roberts E, LaBollita H, Young AM, Cui X, Chen X, Glerean F, Guia CA, Dean MPM, Kim P, Mitchell JF, Botana AS, Homes CC, Mitrano M
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42285054
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We probe the density-wave transition of the trilayer nickelate La_{4}Ni_{3}O_{10} with polarization-resolved infrared spectroscopy. The low-energy electrodynamics is strongly anisotropic, with metallic in-plane and insul...We probe the density-wave transition of the trilayer nickelate La_{4}Ni_{3}O_{10} with polarization-resolved infrared spectroscopy. The low-energy electrodynamics is strongly anisotropic, with metallic in-plane and insulating out-of-plane character. In the ordered phase, the anisotropy grows more than an order of magnitude as the out-of-plane conductivity is sharply suppressed. We interpret this enhancement as an effective electronic decoupling of the Ni-O layers driven by a spin-density-wave-induced redistribution of Ni-d_{z^{2}} occupation within the trilayers. This electronic response is accompanied by clearly shifting and splitting out-of-plane phonons, compatible with a density-wave instability of electronic origin.
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42285053
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We clarify the lore that anomaly-free symmetries are either on-site or can be transformed into on-site symmetries. We prove that any finite, internal, anomaly-free symmetry in a 1+1D lattice Hamiltonian system can be dis...We clarify the lore that anomaly-free symmetries are either on-site or can be transformed into on-site symmetries. We prove that any finite, internal, anomaly-free symmetry in a 1+1D lattice Hamiltonian system can be disentangled into an on-site symmetry by introducing ancillae and applying conjugation via a finite-depth quantum circuit. We provide an explicit construction of the disentangling circuit using Gauss's law operators and emphasize the necessity of adding ancillae. Our result establishes the converse to a generalized Lieb-Schultz-Mattis theorem by demonstrating that any anomaly-free symmetry admits a trivially gapped Hamiltonian.
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42285052
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We present a combined experimental and numerical investigation of the transition from the classical to the ultimate regime of thermal turbulence in a supergravitational centrifugal convection system. The transition is fo...We present a combined experimental and numerical investigation of the transition from the classical to the ultimate regime of thermal turbulence in a supergravitational centrifugal convection system. The transition is found to be robust, with the critical Rayleigh number decreasing systematically as the Froude number, defined as the ratio of centrifugal to Earth's gravity, decreases, highlighting the effect of residual gravity. Once the Rayleigh number reaches the transition threshold, the Stewartson layer induced by residual Earth gravity becomes comparable in thickness to the viscous boundary layer, and their interaction results in a coupled flow that distorts the viscous boundary layer, triggering its transition from laminar to turbulent flow and leading to a sharp increase in heat transport. These findings demonstrate the key role of the Stewartson layer induced by residual gravity in facilitating the transition to the ultimate regime in supergravitational centrifugal thermal convection.
Li W, Reichanadter JT, Wu S
… +16 more, Oh JS, Basak R, Haley SC, Wang S, Chaparro Mata JE, Vescovo E, Lu D, Hashimoto M, Klewe C, Sarker S, McChesney JL, Frañó A, Analytis JG, Birgeneau RJ, Neaton JB, He Y
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42285051
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Among the family of intercalated transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), Fe_{x}NbS_{2} is found to possess unique current-induced resistive switching behaviors, tunable antiferromagnetic states, and a commensurate charg...Among the family of intercalated transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), Fe_{x}NbS_{2} is found to possess unique current-induced resistive switching behaviors, tunable antiferromagnetic states, and a commensurate charge order, all of which are tied to a critical Fe doping of x_{c}=1/3. However, the electronic origin of such extreme stoichiometry sensitivities remains unclear. Combining angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we identify and characterize a dramatic eV-scale electronic restructuring that occurs across the x_{c}. Moment-carrying Fe 3d_{z^{2}} electrons manifest as narrow bands within 200 meV of the Fermi level, distinct from other transition metal intercalated TMD magnets. These states strongly hybridize with itinerant electrons in the TMD layer and rapidly lose coherence above x_{c} due to correlation-driven effects. This sudden quasiparticle decoherence collapses the Fe-Nb hybridization, which explicitly suppresses the out-of-plane effective Fe-Fe exchange interaction, driving the transformation of the magnetic ground state from an antiferromagnetic stripe phase to a zigzag phase. These observations resemble the exceptional electronic and magnetic sensitivity of strongly correlated systems, and demonstrate that quantifying orbital-specific hybridization via ARPES offers an alternative pathway to evaluate effective magnetic exchange in metallic magnets, complementing inelastic neutron and resonant x-ray scattering probes.
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42285050
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We investigate the impact of two-level systems (TLSs) on superconductivity, treating them as soft modes localized in real space. We show that these defects can either enhance or suppress the superconducting critical temp...We investigate the impact of two-level systems (TLSs) on superconductivity, treating them as soft modes localized in real space. We show that these defects can either enhance or suppress the superconducting critical temperature, depending on their surface density and average frequency. Using thin-film aluminium as a case study, we quantitatively describe how TLSs modify both the critical temperature and the zero-temperature superconducting gap. Our results thus highlight new opportunities for tailoring material properties through TLS engineering.
Sheng J, Hu J, Xu L
… +15 more, Wang L, Shi X, Chi R, Yu D, Podlesnyak A, Piyawongwatthana P, Murai N, Ohira-Kawamura S, Yuan H, Wang L, Mei JW, Liao HJ, Xiang T, Wu L, Wang Z
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42251593
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This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/pywx-vxfh.This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/pywx-vxfh.
Zhang Z, Cai Y, Xie M
… +5 more, Mei H, Zhuo W, Ji J, Jin F, Zhang Q
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42251592
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Chiral phonons, lattice vibrations carrying finite angular momentum, are at the forefront of a fast-developing field for exploring and controlling quantum materials in captivating ways. Phonon chirality originating from...Chiral phonons, lattice vibrations carrying finite angular momentum, are at the forefront of a fast-developing field for exploring and controlling quantum materials in captivating ways. Phonon chirality originating from topological phonon bands is physically interesting but generally small and limited to a few material classes. Here, we report the observation of significant phonon chirality in the triangular-lattice rare-earth compound KNdSe_{2}. We find that the chirality is activated by a distinct local mechanism-crystalline electric field (CEF) excitations-rather than by a global topology. Using helicity-resolved magneto-Raman spectroscopy, we observe a clear splitting (∼3 cm^{-1} under 9 T, or equivalently ∼0.4μ_{B}) of the degenerate E_{g} phonon mode that exhibits perfect circular polarization selection rules-the unambiguous fingerprint of chirality. The magnitude, field dependence, and thermal evolution of the splitting are quantitatively reproduced by a microscopic theory of CEF-phonon coupling, which we solve by employing the Dyson equation formalism and incorporating a careful analysis of symmetry and angular momentum conservation. Our findings demonstrate a deterministic, CEF-activated mechanism for realizing phononic chirality and identify the rare-earth chalcogenides as a highly tunable playground for investigating the rich physics of coupled electronic and vibrational quasiparticles.
Gao H, Leitao NT, Dandavate S
… +7 more, Wyatt LBH, Put P, Mammen M, Martin LS, Park H, Jayich ACB, Lukin MD
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42251591
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In quantum science applications, ranging from many-body physics to quantum metrology, dipolar interactions in spin ensembles are often controlled via Floquet engineering. However, this technique typically reduces the int...In quantum science applications, ranging from many-body physics to quantum metrology, dipolar interactions in spin ensembles are often controlled via Floquet engineering. However, this technique typically reduces the interaction strength between spins and effectively weakens the coupling to a target sensing field, limiting the metrological sensitivity. In this Letter, we develop and demonstrate an alternative method that directly tunes the native dipolar interaction in an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, thereby overcoming these limitations inherent to Floquet engineering. Our approach utilizes dressed-state qubit encoding under a bias magnetic field applied perpendicular to the crystal lattice orientation. This method leads to a 3.2× enhancement of the dimensionless coherence parameter JT_{2} compared to state-of-the-art Floquet engineering and a 2.6× (8.3 dB) enhanced sensitivity in ac magnetometry. Our results provide a powerful Hamiltonian engineering tool for future studies with NV ensembles and other interacting higher-spin (S>1/2) systems.
Zheng X, Paillard C, Wang D
… +4 more, Chen P, Zhao HJ, Xie Y, Bellaiche L
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42251590
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While scandium-doped aluminum nitride (AlScN) exhibits robust ferroelectricity and excellent thermal stability, its utility is limited by an exceptionally high coercive field (E_{c}) for polarization switching. Unravelin...While scandium-doped aluminum nitride (AlScN) exhibits robust ferroelectricity and excellent thermal stability, its utility is limited by an exceptionally high coercive field (E_{c}) for polarization switching. Unraveling the atomistic switching dynamics is therefore critical for tailoring E_{c}. Here, we combine density functional theory and machine-learning molecular dynamics to elucidate the polarization switching mechanisms in AlScN over various Sc concentrations and applied electric fields. We find that excessive lattice strain strictly prohibits collective polarization switching, but the preexisting domain walls relieve strain and lead to a distinct switching dynamics-dictating a field-dependent switching mechanism. At low electric fields, switching occurs via gradual domain-wall propagation consistent with the Kolmogorov-Avrami-Ishibashi model. In contrast, high fields stimulate additional nucleation, driving a rapid, homogeneous reversal process described by the simultaneous nonlinear nucleation and growth model. These findings highlight the critical role of domain-wall dynamics and suggest domain engineering as a viable strategy to tailor coercive fields in AlScN and related ferroelectrics.
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42251589
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Quantum simulation is widely regarded as one of the most promising applications of quantum computing. A critical challenge in this domain is understanding and quantifying the accumulation of algorithmic errors over time,...Quantum simulation is widely regarded as one of the most promising applications of quantum computing. A critical challenge in this domain is understanding and quantifying the accumulation of algorithmic errors over time, which is essential for designing more efficient simulation algorithms and for assessing the resources required to achieve quantum advantage. Conventional error analyses typically rely on the triangle inequality to bound the total simulation error, but such approaches tend to overestimate errors by ignoring error interference-a phenomenon in which errors from different simulation segments partially cancel. Here, we introduce a new framework for directly estimating long-time algorithmic errors in segmented quantum simulations. Our approach captures the full structure of error interference, enabling significantly tighter and more accurate error bounds. We identify both necessary and sufficient conditions for strict error interference and propose the notion of approximate error interference to account for realistic, imperfect cancellation. We demonstrate the broad applicability of our framework across a range of models and settings, including Heisenberg and Fermi-Hubbard systems, lattice Hamiltonians with power-law interactions, higher-order Trotter decompositions, and adiabatic evolution. By providing a unified and practical methodology for analyzing error interference, our Letter advances the theoretical understanding of quantum simulation and informs the design and benchmarking of algorithms for near-term and future quantum hardware.
Ren N, Umer M, Carraro E
… +13 more, Iudica A, Wang C, Xu H, Hu J, Jing Q, Xiao J, Tu Q, Lin J, Fan F, Vomiero A, Zavelani-Rossi M, Song Y, Zhao H
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42251588
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Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are highly transparent, cost-effective photovoltaic devices that convert sunlight into fluorescence, which is then concentrated on peripheral solar cells via total internal reflecti...Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are highly transparent, cost-effective photovoltaic devices that convert sunlight into fluorescence, which is then concentrated on peripheral solar cells via total internal reflection (TIR). In this Letter, we systematically analyzed the influence of directional emission on the efficiency of LSCs, revealing that directional emission not only enhances TIR efficiency but also mitigates light propagation losses. To validate this, we utilized highly bright and polarized emitting CdSe/CdZnS quantum rods (QRs) as the emitter. By developing an electrically aligned photopolymerization technique, we successfully induced and fixed the orientation of the QRs within a polymer matrix, thereby preventing the aggregation-induced quenching. Further characterization demonstrated a 1.23-fold efficiency improvement for the directionally emitting LSC device compared to its isotropic counterpart. Ultimately, the 3.5×3.5×0.85 cm^{3} laminated-glass device achieved an extremely high power conversion efficiency of ∼4.92%. By adjusting QRs concentration, a light utilization efficiency of ∼2.39% with over 60% transmittance was obtained, rivaling state-of-the-art transparent photovoltaic devices.
Run CX, Lin KT, Hsieh KM
… +5 more, Wu BY, Zhou WM, Lin GD, Kockum AF, Hoi IC
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42251587
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Achieving all-to-all coherent networks is critical for the advancement of large-scale coherent computing and communication protocols. By exploiting the resonant dipole-dipole interaction between distant spin ensembles co...Achieving all-to-all coherent networks is critical for the advancement of large-scale coherent computing and communication protocols. By exploiting the resonant dipole-dipole interaction between distant spin ensembles coupled to a one-dimensional coplanar waveguide (CPW) terminated by a mirror, we successfully demonstrate an on-demand all-to-all coherent network enabling selective coupling and decoupling between four spin ensembles. Furthermore, by repositioning the spin ensembles along the CPW, we achieve collective coupling and demonstrate coherent energy exchange between multiple spin ensembles in the time domain. These results strongly indicate the potential of this device as a medium-scale all-to-all network structure, which is poised to advance the exploration of many-body physics and enhance coherent information processing capabilities.
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42251586
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We propose a novel coherent freeze-out mechanism where a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) is quadratically coupled to a light axionlike particle (ALP). Although the coupling is too feeble to thermalize the ALP,...We propose a novel coherent freeze-out mechanism where a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) is quadratically coupled to a light axionlike particle (ALP). Although the coupling is too feeble to thermalize the ALP, coherent forward scattering induces medium-dependent mass shifts that significantly modify both WIMP freeze-out and ALP misalignment dynamics. The symmetry of the ALP potential is broken at high temperatures and restored through either a first-order transition or a crossover. In the former, WIMPs alone compose dark matter with annihilation cross sections enhanced by up to 3 orders of magnitude relative to the standard scenario; in the latter, a Planck-suppressed coupling naturally yields an ALP abundance of the order of the observed dark matter density, largely independent of its initial displacement and mass.
Phys Rev Lett
· 2026 May · PMID 42251585
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We use shear-mode Raman imaging to track ferroelectric switching in multilayer 3R-MoS_{2}. Within a single flake, mechanically segmented regions respond independently and follow distinct pathways. Partially polarized end...We use shear-mode Raman imaging to track ferroelectric switching in multilayer 3R-MoS_{2}. Within a single flake, mechanically segmented regions respond independently and follow distinct pathways. Partially polarized end states indicate that domain walls can reside between selected layer pairs, producing partial stacking transformations. The dwell time of intermediate states varies widely, indicating that pinning sites strongly influence the dynamics. Second-harmonic generation measurements further reveal three characteristic sample-boundary and domain-wall orientations, including a prevalent chiral direction near the zigzag-armchair bisector. These results provide a direct, noninvasive view of domain-wall-mediated switching in a prototypical sliding ferroelectric and identify pinning and exfoliation-created boundaries as key factors governing its dynamics.