Progress In Brain Research[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Hormetic pathways in environmental enrichment in animal models and humans.
Hanampa-Maquera M, Lourenço RC, Bailey A … +1 more , Camarini R
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40769639 · Publisher ↗
Environmental Enrichment (EE), which provides enhanced sensory, cognitive, motor, and social stimulation, has emerged as a powerful paradigm for investigating neuroplasticity and stress resilience. This chapter explores...
Environmental Enrichment (EE), which provides enhanced sensory, cognitive, motor, and social stimulation, has emerged as a powerful paradigm for investigating neuroplasticity and stress resilience. This chapter explores how EE functions through hormetic mechanisms-where multiple mild stimuli trigger adaptive responses that promote beneficial outcomes. Since Hebb's pioneering work on neuronal ensembles, research has demonstrated that EE enhances neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and neurotrophic factor expression (BDNF and NGF) while modulating inflammatory processes, epigenetic pathways, and metabolic function. These adaptive responses operate according to biphasic dose-response patterns characteristic of hormesis, where moderate stimulation produces benefits that may diminish or become detrimental with excessive exposure. In animal models, EE has shown remarkable efficacy in mitigating cognitive decline, reducing anxiety-like behaviors, attenuating addiction vulnerability, and protecting against neurodegenerative diseases. The modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the shifts in microglial phenotype observed with EE illustrate its role as a hormetic stimulus, as it can act as a mild stressor that promotes adaptive neuroplasticity, enhancing the organism's ability to cope with future stressors. In humans, analogous enrichments through physical exercise, cognitive challenges, social engagement, and music facilitate neuroplasticity, protect against cognitive decline, and promote stress resilience. The hormetic framework also explains why enrichment must be tailored to individual thresholds-excessive stimulation can overwhelm adaptive capacities, transforming beneficial eustress into harmful distress. By understanding EE as a hormetic intervention, this chapter bridges basic neuroscience with translational applications that may enhance resilience against neuropsychiatric disorders typically prevalent in aging.
Phytochemicals and brain health: The effects of curcumin, isoflavonoids, and ouabain.
Cantanzaro AB, Orellana AM
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40769638 · Publisher ↗
Recent data underscores a critical public health issue: more than 40 % of the global population suffers from neurological conditions, for which no cures currently exist. To combat this pressing challenge, researchers are...
Recent data underscores a critical public health issue: more than 40 % of the global population suffers from neurological conditions, for which no cures currently exist. To combat this pressing challenge, researchers are turning to phytochemicals-bioactive compounds derived from plants that hold promising health benefits, particularly for cognitive function. This chapter intends to shed light on groundbreaking discoveries regarding curcumin, isoflavonoids, and cardiotonic steroids, natural compounds that act on the brain. These substances have shown significant potential for enhancing brain health as we age, especially in addressing neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. We will also examine the intricate molecular mechanisms these compounds activate to offer neuroprotection, supported by both in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, we will analyze clinical trials that inspire optimism for the development of innovative therapeutic drugs in the near future. Supporting research in this area could be vital to transforming the landscape of neurological health.
Physiological aspects of hormesis.
Kawamoto EM, Scavone C, Camarini R
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40769637 · Publisher ↗
Hormesis-the adaptive response of cells and organisms to moderate, intermittent stress-has emerged as a promising framework for treating neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. This biphasic dose-response phenomenon...
Hormesis-the adaptive response of cells and organisms to moderate, intermittent stress-has emerged as a promising framework for treating neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. This biphasic dose-response phenomenon can benefit biological systems by inducing neural plasticity, improving cognitive function, and enhancing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses. Hormetic interventions including intermittent fasting, physical exercise, and environmental enrichment, among others, work through common molecular pathways. These approaches collectively modulate essential transcription factors such as NF-κB, CREB, and Nrf2, and consequent increases in the expression of neuroprotective genes, such as BDNF and heat shock proteins. The relationship between stress and biological outcomes follows an inverted U-shaped curve, where moderate stress triggers beneficial adaptations while chronic or excessive stress leads to allostatic load and pathology. This mechanistic understanding bridges traditional concepts of homeostasis with modern views on neuroplasticity and resilience. By elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of hormetic responses, researchers can develop precisely calibrated, personalized interventions that may lead to therapeutic approaches to neurodegenerative conditions, neuropsychiatric disorders, and age-related cognitive decline.
Preface.
Moradikor N, Haghipanah M, Hamdar H
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40681228 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Heart rate variability as an indicator of brain health in neurodegeneration.
Kubra G, Raza ML
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40681227 · Publisher ↗
Heart Rate Variability (HRV) has emerged as a promising indicator of brain health in neurodegenerative diseases. This chapter explores the intricate relationship between HRV and cognitive function, shedding light on its...
Heart Rate Variability (HRV) has emerged as a promising indicator of brain health in neurodegenerative diseases. This chapter explores the intricate relationship between HRV and cognitive function, shedding light on its potential as a biomarker for neurological decline. We delve into the mechanisms underlying HRV and its connection to autonomic nervous system function, stress response, and memory processes. The chapter examines how HRV is affected in various neurodegenerative conditions and its associations with depression and cardiovascular health. We discuss the methods of monitoring HRV and factors influencing its measurements. The role of HRV in predicting agitation and its correlation with neuroimaging findings in neurodegenerative diseases are also explored. Finally, we consider strategies for improving HRV and their potential impact on brain health, offering insights into possible interventions for individuals at risk of or living with neurodegenerative disorders.
Autonomic nervous system dysregulation in neurodegenerative diseases: Bridging brain and heart.
Singh S, Singh D, Ansari AH … +1 more , Singh S
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40681226 · Publisher ↗
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation is commonly observed in a class of neurodegenerative disorders known as α-synucleinopathies including Parkinson's disease (PD), Dementia with Lewy Bodies, Multiple System Atro...
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation is commonly observed in a class of neurodegenerative disorders known as α-synucleinopathies including Parkinson's disease (PD), Dementia with Lewy Bodies, Multiple System Atrophy (MSA), and Pure Autonomic Failure. The ANS controls involuntary functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and respiratory rate, and its disruption can significantly impact patients' quality of life. In neurodegenerative disorders, damage to brain regions that regulate the ANS, such as the brainstem and hypothalamus, leads to impaired autonomic functions. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart function by balancing sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. The sympathetic branch increases heart rate and contractility during stress, while the parasympathetic branch slows heart rate during rest. This dynamic control ensures optimal heart function, adjusting to physiological demands and maintaining cardiovascular stability. In Parkinson's disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies disorder, degeneration of dopaminergic neurons affects the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the ANS, contributing to cardiovascular dysfunction symptoms like orthostatic hypotension, postprandial hypotension, nondipping, and supine hypertension. In Multiple System Atrophy (MSA), autonomic nervous system dysfunction disrupts heart regulation, leading to severe cardiovascular issues such as orthostatic hypotension, abnormal heart rate, and impaired blood pressure control. These autonomic disturbances increase the risk of fainting, cardiovascular instability and contribute to significant morbidity in MSA patients. The cardiac autonomic function is assessed through some tests like heart rate variability (HRV), isometric handgrip test, orthostatic test, deep breathing tests, baroreflex sensitivity test, and Valsalva manoeuvre which evaluate the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activity. These assessments help identify autonomic dysfunction, which can indicate underlying conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases or cardiovascular disorders.
Cardiovascular influence on cognitive decline: The heart's role in neurodegenerative disorders.
Gautam G, Moradikor N
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40681225 · Publisher ↗
Cognitive performance is greatly influenced by cardiovascular health, as vascular integrity and brain perfusion are directly related to diseases including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia....
Cognitive performance is greatly influenced by cardiovascular health, as vascular integrity and brain perfusion are directly related to diseases including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia. Examining the intricate relationship between the heart and brain, this chapter highlights how atrial fibrillation, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia affect neurovascular coupling (NVC). Chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction are some of the risk factors that lead to neurodegeneration. The cerebral microvasculature is further compromised by atherosclerosis and heart failure, which exacerbates neuronal damage and increases the risk of dementia. Supported by clinical and epidemiological data, the discussion delves into the mechanisms behind vascular dementia and the vascular contributions to Alzheimer's disease. Slowing cognitive deterioration requires early intervention through lipid management, blood pressure control, and anticoagulant medication. Additionally, developments in precision medicine and neurovascular-targeted therapies present encouraging paths toward management and prevention. Through the discussion of modifiable cardiovascular risks, this chapter emphasizes how vital vascular health is to maintaining cognitive function and slowing the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
Neurocardiology and neurodegenerative disease: Emerging research on emotional regulation and brain-heart connectivity.
Diraneyya OM, Raza ML, Abbas SA
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40681224 · Publisher ↗
This chapter explores the intricate relationship between neurocardiology and neurodegenerative diseases, shedding light on the complex interplay between the brain and heart. It delves into the nervous control of cardiac...
This chapter explores the intricate relationship between neurocardiology and neurodegenerative diseases, shedding light on the complex interplay between the brain and heart. It delves into the nervous control of cardiac function, emphasizing the role of intrinsic and extrinsic neural networks. The text examines emotional regulation's impact on cardiovascular health, highlighting the neuroendocrine pathways involved in stress responses. Furthermore, it investigates how neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease affect the brain-heart axis. The chapter also discusses cutting-edge neuroimaging techniques used to study these connections, providing a comprehensive overview of this emerging field. By integrating insights from neurology, cardiology, and psychology, this work contributes to our understanding of how cognitive decline and emotional states influence heart function, paving the way for novel therapeutic approaches.
Heart-brain synchrony: Therapeutic implications for neurodegenerative disease.
Kazemizadeh V, Mehr SR, Khazeifard F … +2 more , Salmani RHG, Abbasi-Maleki S
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40681223 · Publisher ↗
Heart and brain functions are intricately connected. Previous research has explored the mechanisms behind the brain- heart axis and its clinical implications. Nonetheless, there is limited studies on the impact of heart...
Heart and brain functions are intricately connected. Previous research has explored the mechanisms behind the brain- heart axis and its clinical implications. Nonetheless, there is limited studies on the impact of heart disease on brain performance (heart-brain axis). In this context, hypoperfusion resulting from heart failure (HF) is considered a significant risk factor for cognitive impairment. Oxidative stress, immune responses, and blood perfusion contribute to cognitive dysfunction, playing a key role in this process. As such, it is important for healthcare professionals and researchers to consider the cognitive function of heart patients, particularly those having HF, to prevent the activation of this signaling pathway. Additionally, further investigation into the underlying mechanisms results in identifying new therapeutic targets for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction following heart disease. The current review aims to examine cognitive impairment in heart disease as well as its potential mechanisms, offering valuable insights for future research in related areas.
Cardiac biomarkers as predictors of cognitive decline in neurodegenerative conditions.
Bangash AH, Moradikor N
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40681222 · Publisher ↗
The intricate relationship between cardiovascular health and cognitive function has emerged as a critical area of research in neurodegenerative diseases. This review explored the role of cardiac biomarkers as predictors...
The intricate relationship between cardiovascular health and cognitive function has emerged as a critical area of research in neurodegenerative diseases. This review explored the role of cardiac biomarkers as predictors of cognitive decline, elucidating the types, mechanisms, and clinical implications of these molecular indicators. We examined established biomarkers such as troponins, natriuretic peptides, and C-reactive protein, as well as emerging soluble biomarkers and microRNAs. The mechanisms linking cardiac dysfunction to cognitive decline were discussed, including vascular damage, neuroinflammation, and neurohormonal imbalances. Evidence from clinical studies demonstrated associations between elevated cardiac biomarkers and structural brain changes, as well as a decline in memory and executive function. Despite promising findings, current research faces limitations, including population-specific biases, limited biomarker diversity, and incomplete understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms. We highlighted the clinical implications of incorporating cardiac biomarkers into cognitive health assessments, emphasizing their potential for early detection, risk stratification, and personalized management strategies. The integration of cardiac biomarkers with neuroimaging, genetic data, and neuropsychological assessments is recognized to offer a comprehensive approach to managing high-risk populations. Looking ahead, we identified key areas for future research, including the need for large-scale, longitudinal studies across diverse populations, the exploration of novel biomarkers, and the application of artificial intelligence to enhance predictive models. The potential of cardiac biomarkers in public health initiatives and preventive screening programs was also discussed. Cardiac biomarkers represent a vital link between heart and brain health, offering valuable insights into the complex pathways of cognitive deterioration in neurodegenerative diseases. Their integration into clinical practice holds promise for improving outcomes and quality of life for individuals at risk of, or suffering from, cognitive decline worldwide.
Exploring heart-brain axis alterations in Parkinson's disease.
Razouqi Y, El Fatimi H, Mergaoui M … +1 more , Khalki L
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40681221 · Publisher ↗
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) are controlled by a sophisticated network known as the heart-brain axis. This chapter delves deep into the pathophysiology of PD, exploring in detail the links...
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) are controlled by a sophisticated network known as the heart-brain axis. This chapter delves deep into the pathophysiology of PD, exploring in detail the links between the brain and the heart, covering topics as diverse as autonomic dysfunction, cardiac sympathetic denervation and neuroinflammation. We investigate the potential for genetics, proteomics, and biomarkers to radically alter the course of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment. Protective medications, deep brain stimulation, and behavioural modifications are some of the newer and more established methods that have emerged in recent years to maintain the health of the heart and brain, two of the body's most important systems.Ultimately, this chapter argues that to treat Parkinson's disease (PD) effectively, it is essential to opt for a multidisciplinary approach that takes into account both the neurological and cardiovascular aspects of the condition.
Emotional stress and cardiovascular health: Impacts on neurodegenerative disease progression.
Abd El-Aziz MK, Wadan AS, Albahttiti ATI … +1 more , Moradikor N
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40681220 · Publisher ↗
Stress is an inevitable part of people's lives and is considered to have a severe impact on health, especially in the case of cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. This chapter aims to reveal the links...
Stress is an inevitable part of people's lives and is considered to have a severe impact on health, especially in the case of cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. This chapter aims to reveal the links between emotional stress, cardiovascular health, and neurodegenerative disease progression. Chronic stress is therefore recognized as a significant cause of cardiovascular diseases mainly because of the effects it has on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the (SNS) sympathetic which neurodegenerative nervous are diseases system such (as ALS) through inflammation of Alzheimer's mechanisms and disease, vascular such as Parkinson's functions. The mechanisms of work also establish the crosstalk between CVD and NDD, demonstrating that they share genetic, molecular, and systemic associations. It is essential to know these pathways to design interventions that will help prevent or lessen the effects of stress on health and thus enhance patient care.
The role of heart-brain connectivity in neurodegeneration: Mechanisms and impacts.
Raza ML, Kubra G, Ammar A … +1 more , Moradikor N
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40681219 · Publisher ↗
Heart-brain connectivity is an emerging area of research, exploring the bidirectional communication between the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. This connectivity plays a significant role in neurodegenerative...
Heart-brain connectivity is an emerging area of research, exploring the bidirectional communication between the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. This connectivity plays a significant role in neurodegenerative diseases, where both the heart and brain contribute to disease progression. This chapter shed light on the autonomic nervous system, neurocardiac interactions, and microvascular changes that are central to understanding how heart dysfunction can affect brain health. Pathophysiological processes such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and altered heart rate variability can exacerbate neurodegeneration, particularly in conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Understanding the heart-brain axis provides new avenues for early diagnosis and potential therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases. Future research should aim to unravel the complex interactions between these systems and explore how modifying cardiac function could influence brain health and disease progression.
Impact of emotional trauma on brainstem: Unlocking the effects on neural pathways.
Olorunlowu DR, Olorunlowu GD, Owonifa PM
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40441787 · Publisher ↗
The brainstem, far from being a simple relay center, emerges as a sophisticated processor of emotional trauma, orchestrating complex neural responses that reshape our understanding of trauma biology. This chapter explore...
The brainstem, far from being a simple relay center, emerges as a sophisticated processor of emotional trauma, orchestrating complex neural responses that reshape our understanding of trauma biology. This chapter explores the convoluted relationship between emotional trauma and brainstem function, revealing how traumatic experiences trigger precise quantum-level changes in neural circuits. Through examining chronobiological rhythms and neuroimmune interactions, we uncover the dynamic nature of trauma-induced brainstem adaptations. Our exploration extends to the fascinating brainstem-gut axis, where microbiota communicate with neural circuits to influence emotional processing. Recent discoveries in molecular imaging have identified distinct biomarkers of brainstem dysfunction, opening new avenues for early intervention. We introduce pioneering therapeutic approaches, from targeted optogenetic techniques to artificial intelligence-driven interventions, that promise more effective trauma treatment. By weaving together insights from quantum biology, chronobiology, and systems neuroscience, this chapter presents a fresh perspective on emotional trauma's neural imprint and charts a course toward personalized therapeutic strategies.
Impact of feelings on decision-making (analytical and rational).
Gautam G, Kaur J, Moradikor N
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40441786 · Publisher ↗
Emotions have a significant impact on how decisions are made, affecting both intuitive and rational decisions. The dynamic interaction between emotions and cognition is examined in this chapter, with a focus on how emoti...
Emotions have a significant impact on how decisions are made, affecting both intuitive and rational decisions. The dynamic interaction between emotions and cognition is examined in this chapter, with a focus on how emotions like fear, excitement, and empathy might influence judgment in ambiguous situations. This chapter explores the unconscious ways in which emotions influence risk assessments and decision-making, based on dual-process theories, neurobiological underpinnings, and the function of emotional priming. The impact of the neuropeptide oxytocin on prosocial behavior and trust is also demonstrated, highlighting its significance in social decision-making. The chapter highlights how crucial it is to comprehend the emotional foundations of decision-making in order to enhance both personal and professional outcomes.
Impact of sexuality on degenerative diseases.
Oyeniran DA, Olajide TS, Ajagbe AO … +1 more , Mobolaji AA
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40441785 · Publisher ↗
Human sexuality is shaped by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors, influencing individual identity, behaviors, relationships, and sexual experience. Far from merely reflecting an...
Human sexuality is shaped by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors, influencing individual identity, behaviors, relationships, and sexual experience. Far from merely reflecting anatomical characteristics, sexuality encompasses emotional and sexual attraction toward individuals across gender spectrums, guided by factors including hormones, genetics, brain processes, and environmental influences. Societal norms and cultural beliefs also mold sexual expression, with diverse sexual identities being either embraced or stigmatized, impacting individual well-being. Sexual health, essential for mental and physical health, connects closely to brain morphology, function, and associated neural mechanisms. The hypothalamus and neurotransmitters like dopamine and oxytocin influence desire, feeling, and pleasure. Additionally, sexuality is linked with the progression and prevalence of degenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Sexual dysfunction relating to these diseases often emerges due to neurological changes, cognitive decline, and physical limitations. However, the feeling of sexual satisfaction can mitigate the impact of these diseases by promoting cognitive function, emotional intimacy, and stress reduction. Sexual activity in older adults is linked to better cardiovascular and cognitive health, emphasizing the broader health benefits of sexual well-being. Understanding sexuality across all stages of life, in both health and illness, is essential as it forms an integral part of general well-being and human existence.
The roots of happiness: How love and memory shape the core of our brain.
Abou Haykal MA
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40441784 · Publisher ↗
This chapter explores the profound impact of love and joyful memories on the brainstem, emphasizing their significance for mental and emotional well-being. It introduces the brainstem's role in essential life functions a...
This chapter explores the profound impact of love and joyful memories on the brainstem, emphasizing their significance for mental and emotional well-being. It introduces the brainstem's role in essential life functions and its connection to higher emotional processes. Topics delve into the neurobiology of love, detailing how chemicals like oxytocin, dopamine, and serotonin interact with brainstem activity, influencing physical health and emotional resilience. The chapter also examines the role of positive memories, explaining how recalling them activates relaxation responses, reduces stress, and enhances well-being. Practical strategies for cultivating love and creating positive memories are discussed, including mindfulness and intentional relationship-building. The chapter also explores emerging research on love and memory as therapeutic tools for conditions such as PTSD and anxiety. In conclusion, the chapter highlights the interconnectedness of love, memory, and the brainstem, proposing that nurturing these connections can lead to increased joy and emotional fulfillment, making it a valuable resource for both neuroscience and personal development.
Influence of feelings on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and drug delivery.
Ocab O, Saad HA, Mashal R … +3 more , Osama K, Marzouk M, Hamdi N
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40441783 · Publisher ↗
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical regulator of cerebral homeostasis, displaying high dynamicity of influx and efflux of substances to and from the central nervous system (CNS). In an exploration of the neuroche...
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical regulator of cerebral homeostasis, displaying high dynamicity of influx and efflux of substances to and from the central nervous system (CNS). In an exploration of the neurochemical pathways through which positive and negative emotions can influence the physiological characteristics of the BBB, this chapter delves into the multifaceted relationship between emotional states and BBB integrity and permeability. Negative emotions exemplified by stress, chronic anxiety, and depression have shown harmful effects on the BBB, suggesting a state of hyperpermeability that compromises the otherwise conferred protection. Few reports in literature examined the exact molecular mechanisms by which negative emotions exhibit signs of damaged and leaky BBB. Although research deciphering those mechanisms is limited, there is consensus that the disruption of tight junction (TJ) protein integrity and expression, along with neuroinflammatory processes, oxidative Stress, and excitotoxicity, plays a role in the induction of BBB damage. Conversely, positive emotions have been shown to exert protective effects, potentially reversing the increased permeability of the BBB. Compared to the research focused on the neural correlates of negative emotions, the neuroscience literature on positive emotions and well-being is still in its infancy. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which positive emotions modulate the BBB remains necessary. Additionally, we discuss the therapeutic implications of these findings, considering how emotional well-being can be leveraged in developing treatments for neurological disorders. By integrating neuroscience, psychology, and pharmacology insights, this chapter aims to comprehensively understand the dynamic interplay between emotions and the BBB and its potential to inform novel therapeutic strategies.
Effect of happiness and positive emotions on dementia.
Asuku AO, Ogungbangbe GO, Olajide TS
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40441782 · Publisher ↗
Dementia poses a significant challenge to global health. This chapter reviews current literature to investigate the potential protective effects of happiness and positive emotions against dementia. Studies suggest that i...
Dementia poses a significant challenge to global health. This chapter reviews current literature to investigate the potential protective effects of happiness and positive emotions against dementia. Studies suggest that individuals experiencing higher levels of happiness and frequent positive emotions may exhibit lower risks of developing dementia. Mechanisms proposed include the role of positive emotions in stress reduction, which could mitigate neurodegenerative processes. In addition, recent studies have begun exploring the impact of positive psychological states, such as happiness and positive emotions, on cognitive health. Furthermore, positive psychological states have been linked to healthier lifestyle choices, including physical activity and social engagement, which are known to support cognitive function. Despite promising findings, challenges remain in establishing causal relationships and elucidating specific neurobiological pathways. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies with diverse populations to clarify these relationships and inform effective interventions. Understanding how happiness and positive emotions influence dementia risk could lead to novel preventive strategies and improve quality of life for aging populations worldwide. This chapter summarizes the potential benefits of happiness and positive emotions in mitigating the risk of dementia, highlighting the need for further research to establish causal links and develop targeted interventions.
Impact of positive thinking on synapses.
Dar SA, Ramakrishna K, Shekhawat YS
Prog Brain Res · 2025 · PMID 40441781 · Publisher ↗
This study explores the impact of positive thinking on synaptic function and connectivity. Positive thinking, characterized by optimism, constructive self-talk, and a proactive mindset, enhances resilience and supports h...
This study explores the impact of positive thinking on synaptic function and connectivity. Positive thinking, characterized by optimism, constructive self-talk, and a proactive mindset, enhances resilience and supports healthy habits crucial for neuroplasticity and synaptic development. Research underscores its significant role in hormonal regulation, benefiting both physical and mental well-being. This cognitive approach amplifies positive emotions and is integral to cognitive-behavioral modification. Synaptic plasticity, essential for learning and memory, involves activity-dependent strengthening or weakening of synapses, categorized into short-term (e.g., working memory and decision-making) and long-term (e.g., learning and retention). These processes are regulated by long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), influenced by factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), astrocytes, medications, and non-invasive interventions. Positive thinking boosts serotonin production, activates dopamine neurons, and lowers cortisol levels, facilitating adaptive learning through interactions between the limbic system and prefrontal cortex. Dopamine promotes neurogenesis by maintaining neural precursor cells, while reduced cortisol levels improve hippocampal synaptic plasticity, enhancing adaptability, learning, and memory retention. Ultimately, positive thinking plays a critical role in advancing education, improving mental health treatment, and serving as the foundation for cognitive training.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe