International Journal Of Telemedicine And Applications[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Requirements, Challenges, and Key Components to Improve Onboard Medical Care Using Maritime Telemedicine: Narrative Review.
Mohammadzadeh N, Gholamzadeh M
Int J Telemed Appl · 2023 · PMID 37362154 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Telemedicine has been able to bring healthcare services to all people in far locations such as the sea. Our main objective was to overview the main features, challenges, and requirements of applying telemed...
INTRODUCTION: Telemedicine has been able to bring healthcare services to all people in far locations such as the sea. Our main objective was to overview the main features, challenges, and requirements of applying telemedicine at sea. METHODS: The electronic search includes all types of papers published in English. It was performed in four databases with keywords to Feb 2023. Next, main categories were defined to extract major concepts. By mapping extracted themes, maritime telemedicine concepts were represented in two conceptual models. RESULTS: After screening the papers based on title and abstract, 18 articles remained. They can be divided into 13 categories based on their clinical domains. Out of 18 reviewed articles, six articles were published in 2020. The greatest number of studies with five articles was conducted in France. Evidence showed that maritime telemedicine service can be provided to all kinds of ships. Regarding clinical domains, the greatest demand belonged to primary care problems (5 papers) and general health assessment (4 papers). Challenges were divided into four main categories. Moreover, the required services and equipment in four categories were described too. Finally, a conceptual model is represented for providing telemedicine services at sea using satellite Internet. CONCLUSION: Despite the existing challenges in providing the required equipment and resources for the implementation of maritime medicine, it has an important role in providing better care for seafarers without time limitations.
Experiences on the Utility and Barriers of Telemedicine in Healthcare Delivery in Kenya.
Onsongo S, Kamotho C, Rinke de Wit TF … +1 more , Lowrie K
Int J Telemed Appl · 2023 · PMID 37180825 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Telemedicine is the provision of health services over a distance using information communication technology devices. Telemedicine is emerging as a promising component of healthcare care delivery worldwide,...
INTRODUCTION: Telemedicine is the provision of health services over a distance using information communication technology devices. Telemedicine is emerging as a promising component of healthcare care delivery worldwide, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assessed the factors promoting uptake, barriers, and opportunities for telemedicine among doctors in Kenya. . A semiquantitative, cross-sectional online survey was conducted among doctors in Kenya. During a month, between February and March 2021, 1,200 doctors were approached by email and WhatsApp, of whom 13% responded. . A total of 157 interviewees participated in the study. The general usage of telemedicine was 50%. Seventy-three percent of doctors reported using a mix of in-person care and telemedicine. Fifty percent reported using telemedicine to support physician-to-physician consultations. Telemedicine had limited utility as a standalone clinical service. The inadequate information communication technology infrastructure was the most reported barrier to telemedicine, followed by a cultural resistance to using technology to deliver healthcare services. Other notable barriers were the high cost of initial setup limited skills among patients, limited skills among doctors, inadequate funding to support telemedicine services, weak legislative/policy framework, and lack of dedicated time for telemedicine services. The COVID-19 pandemic increased the uptake of telemedicine in Kenya. CONCLUSION: The most extensive use of telemedicine in Kenya supports physician-to-physician consultations. There is limited single use of telemedicine in providing direct clinical services to patients. However, telemedicine is regularly used in combination with in-person clinical services, allowing for continuity of clinical services beyond the physical hospital infrastructure. With the widespread adoption of digital technologies in Kenya, especially mobile telephone technologies, the growth opportunities for telemedicine services are immense. Numerous mobile applications will improve access capabilities for both service providers and users and bridge the gaps in care.
A Systematic Review of Using Deep Learning Technology in the Steady-State Visually Evoked Potential-Based Brain-Computer Interface Applications: Current Trends and Future Trust Methodology.
Albahri AS, Al-Qaysi ZT, Alzubaidi L … +4 more , Alnoor A, Albahri OS, Alamoodi AH, Bakar AA
Int J Telemed Appl · 2023 · PMID 37168809 · Full text
The significance of deep learning techniques in relation to steady-state visually evoked potential- (SSVEP-) based brain-computer interface (BCI) applications is assessed through a systematic review. Three reliable datab...
The significance of deep learning techniques in relation to steady-state visually evoked potential- (SSVEP-) based brain-computer interface (BCI) applications is assessed through a systematic review. Three reliable databases, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and IEEE, were considered to gather relevant scientific and theoretical articles. Initially, 125 papers were found between 2010 and 2021 related to this integrated research field. After the filtering process, only 30 articles were identified and classified into five categories based on their type of deep learning methods. The first category, convolutional neural network (CNN), accounts for 70% ( = 21/30). The second category, recurrent neural network (RNN), accounts for 10% ( = 3/30). The third and fourth categories, deep neural network (DNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM), account for 6% ( = 30). The fifth category, restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), accounts for 3% ( = 1/30). The literature's findings in terms of the main aspects identified in existing applications of deep learning pattern recognition techniques in SSVEP-based BCI, such as feature extraction, classification, activation functions, validation methods, and achieved classification accuracies, are examined. A comprehensive mapping analysis was also conducted, which identified six categories. Current challenges of ensuring trustworthy deep learning in SSVEP-based BCI applications were discussed, and recommendations were provided to researchers and developers. The study critically reviews the current unsolved issues of SSVEP-based BCI applications in terms of development challenges based on deep learning techniques and selection challenges based on multicriteria decision-making (MCDM). A trust proposal solution is presented with three methodology phases for evaluating and benchmarking SSVEP-based BCI applications using fuzzy decision-making techniques. Valuable insights and recommendations for researchers and developers in the SSVEP-based BCI and deep learning are provided.
Introduction of Telemedicine in a Prehospital Emergency Care Setting: A Pilot Study.
Jobé C, Carron PN, Métrailler P … +4 more , Bellagamba JM, Briguet A, Zurcher L, Dami F
Int J Telemed Appl · 2023 · PMID 37007985 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Advances in information and communication technology have led to telemedicine applications that could support paramedics in the prehospital field. In an effort to optimise the available resources like prehosp...
BACKGROUND: Advances in information and communication technology have led to telemedicine applications that could support paramedics in the prehospital field. In an effort to optimise the available resources like prehospital emergency physicians (PHP), the State Health Services of a Swiss state decided to launch a pilot study on the feasibility of using telemedicine in the prehospital emergency setting. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective was to measure the number of missions completed without technical problems with remote PHP support through telemedicine (tele-PHP). The secondary objectives were to evaluate the safety of this protocol and to describe the actions and decisions that clinicians can make by using tele-PHP. METHODS: This was a prospective observational pilot study on all missions involving the dispatch of ground PHP or tele-PHP. The severity score, dispatch criteria, actions, and decisions made by ground PHP and tele-PHP were collected. RESULTS: PHP were dispatched simultaneously with an ambulance on 478 occasions, including 68 (14%) situations that started directly with tele-PHP. Among those situations, three had to be transformed into on-site PHP missions after the on-site evaluation by paramedics. Fifteen missions were cancelled by paramedics once they were on site, and six missions encountered a connection issue. Forty-four PHP missions that were dispatched simultaneously with paramedics were completed by tele-PHP only without any connection problems. Paramedics and PHP estimated that actions or decisions were provided by PHP in 66% of the on-site PHP missions and 34% of the tele-PHP missions. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first experience of tele-PHP regarding PHP dispatch in Switzerland. Despite the small number of missions carried out, tele-PHP could be used for well-selected situations to reduce the need for a PHP on site.
Findings from a Statewide Teleretina Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program in Arkansas.
Shirey M, Kwok A, Jenkins H … +1 more , Uwaydat S
Int J Telemed Appl · 2023 · PMID 37007984 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: A significant proportion of diabetic patients in the United States do not present for annual dilated eye exams to monitor for signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The purpose of this study was to analyze the...
INTRODUCTION: A significant proportion of diabetic patients in the United States do not present for annual dilated eye exams to monitor for signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The purpose of this study was to analyze the results of a statewide, multiclinic teleretina program designed to screen rural Arkansans for this sight-debilitating disease. METHODS: Patients with diabetes seen at 10 primary care clinics across Arkansas were offered teleretinal-imaging services. Images were transmitted to the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences' (UAMS) Harvey and Bernice Jones Eye Institute (JEI) for grading and recommendations for further treatment. RESULTS: From February 2019 to May 2022, 668 patients underwent imaging; 645 images were deemed of sufficient quality to generate an interpretation. 541 patients had no evidence of DR, while 104 patients had some evidence of DR. 587 patients had no evidence of maculopathy, while 58 patients had some evidence of maculopathy on imaging. 246 patients had other pathology evident on imaging, with the most common being hypertensive retinopathy, glaucoma suspects, and cataracts. . In a rural, primary care setting, the JEI teleretina program identifies DR and other nondiabetic ocular pathologies, allowing for an appropriate triage for eye care for patients in a predominantly rural state.
Sharing and Cooperation of Improved Cross-Entropy Optimization Algorithm in Telemedicine Multimedia Information Processing.
Wu H
Int J Telemed Appl · 2023 · PMID 36923109 · Full text
In order to improve the efficiency of medical multimedia information sharing, this paper combines cloud computing technology and SOA (service-oriented architecture) technology to build a medical multimedia information sh...
In order to improve the efficiency of medical multimedia information sharing, this paper combines cloud computing technology and SOA (service-oriented architecture) technology to build a medical multimedia information sharing system. Building a medical information sharing platform requires integrating information resources stored in information systems of medical institutions and nonmedical information systems related to medical information and forming a huge resource pool. It is important to mine and analyze the information resources in the resource pool to realize the sharing and interaction of medical information. To this end, this paper proposes a gain-adaptive control algorithm with online adjustable parameters and investigates the extension of the mutual entropy optimization algorithm in the control domain and its integrated processing capability in the process of medical multimedia information processing. In addition, this paper constructs a medical multimedia information sharing and collaboration platform with medical multimedia information sharing and telemedicine as the core and verifies the effectiveness of the platform through experiments. The simulation results and comparison results with other systems prove that the system in this paper can realize fast data processing, retrieve and analyze massive data, and meet the demand of remote intelligent diagnosis under the premise of safety and stability. Meanwhile, the system in this paper can help hospitals achieve fast and accurate diagnosis, which has strong theoretical and practical values.
Personalized Mobile Health for Elderly Home Care: A Systematic Review of Benefits and Challenges.
Pahlevanynejad S, Niakan Kalhori SR, Katigari MR … +1 more , Eshpala RH
Int J Telemed Appl · 2023 · PMID 36704749 · Full text
Mobile health as one of the new technologies can be a proper solution to support care provision for the elderly and provide personalized care for them. This study is aimed at reviewing the benefits and challenges of pers...
Mobile health as one of the new technologies can be a proper solution to support care provision for the elderly and provide personalized care for them. This study is aimed at reviewing the benefits and challenges of personalized mobile health (PMH) for elderly home care. With a systematic review methodology, 1895 records were retrieved by searching four databases. After removing duplicates, 1703 articles remained. Following full-text examination, 21 articles that met the inclusion criteria were studied in detail, and the output was presented in different tables. The results indicated that 25% of the challenges were related to privacy, cybersecurity, and data ownership (10%), technology (7.5%), and implementation (7.5%). The most frequent benefits were related to cost-saving (17.5%), nurse engagement improvement (10%), and caregiver stress reduction (7.5%). In general, the number of benefits in this study was slightly higher than the challenges, but in order to use PMH technologies, the challenges presented in this study must be carefully considered and a suitable solution must be adopted. Benefits can also be helpful in persuading individuals and health-care providers. This study shed light on those points that need to be highlighted for further work in order to convert the challenges toward benefits.
Musculoskeletal Telemedicine Trends Preceding the COVID-19 Pandemic and Potential Implications of Rapid Telemedicine Expansion.
Kiani SN, Cho LD, Poeran J … +6 more , Wilson L, Zhong H, Mazumdar M, Liu J, Valle AGD, Memtsoudis SG
Int J Telemed Appl · 2023 · PMID 36685008 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Telemedicine was rapidly deployed at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Little has been published on telemedicine in musculoskeletal care prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is aimed at characterizi...
INTRODUCTION: Telemedicine was rapidly deployed at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Little has been published on telemedicine in musculoskeletal care prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is aimed at characterizing trends in telemedicine for musculoskeletal care preceding the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This retrospective study used insurance claims from the Truven MarketScan database. Musculoskeletal-specific outpatient visits from 2014 to 2018 were identified using the musculoskeletal major diagnostic category ICD-10 codes. Telemedicine visits were categorized using CPT codes and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding Systems. We described annual trends in telemedicine in the overall dataset and by diagnosis grouping. Multivariable logistic regression modeling estimated the association between patient-specific and telemedicine visit variables and telemedicine utilization. RESULTS: There were 36,672 musculoskeletal-specific telemedicine visits identified (0.020% of all musculoskeletal visits). Overall, telemedicine utilization increased over the study period (0% in 2014 to 0.05% in 2018). Orthopedic surgeons had fewer telemedicine visits than primary care providers (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.55-0.59). The proportion of unique patients utilizing telemedicine in 2018 was higher in the south (OR 2.28, 95% CI 2.19-2.38) and west (OR 5.58, 95% CI 5.36-5.81) compared to the northeast. Those with increased comorbidities and lower incomes and living in rural areas had lower rates of telemedicine utilization. CONCLUSIONS: From 2014 to 2018, there was an increase in telemedicine utilization for musculoskeletal visits, in part due to insurance reimbursement and telemedicine regulation. Despite this increase, the rates of telemedicine utilization are still lowest in some of the groups that could derive the most benefit from these services. Establishing this baseline is important for assessing how the roll-out of telemedicine during the pandemic impacted how/which patients and providers are utilizing telemedicine today.
Accuracy of Teledentistry for Diagnosis and Treatment Planning of Pediatric Patients during COVID-19 Pandemic.
Golsanamloo O, Iranizadeh S, Jamei Khosroshahi AR … +4 more , Erfanparast L, Vafaei A, Ahmadinia Y, Maleki Dizaj S
Int J Telemed Appl · 2022 · PMID 36444215 · Full text
Teledentistry is a new technology in the dentistry field, which has great benefits during pandemic such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The overall purpose of the study was to assess the diagnostic sensitivit...
Teledentistry is a new technology in the dentistry field, which has great benefits during pandemic such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The overall purpose of the study was to assess the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of virtual (mobile phone teledentistry) compared with clinical examinations during COVID-19. The basic design of the study was based on the comparison treatment plans by the students and the gold standard (clinical treatment plan of an expert pedodontist with 10 years of clinical experience). This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 20 children (aged 6 to 12 years) with a chief complaint of dental caries with or without pain. An appropriate radiograph and five standard intraoral photographs (frontal view occlusion, maxillary occlusal view, mandibular occlusal view, right lateral view, and left lateral view) were prescribed for each patient according to the guidelines of the American Association of Pediatric Dentistry. Then, the treatment plan for the carious teeth was recorded for each patient. Each patient underwent a clinical examination at first and was followed randomly by a virtual examination by two dental students. Then, the clinical and virtual treatment plans were compared with each other, and also with the gold standard. The sensitivity and specificity values were calculated for each group. The accuracy of the diagnosis was measured by applying Cohen's kappa. Interexaminer reliability was measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha. The mean kappa coefficient for the interexaminer agreement (for 24 teeth) was 0.62 in clinical and 0.69 in virtual examinations. The results showed no significant difference in the treatment plans of students and the gold standard ( > 0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 73.22% and 95.8% for clinical and 76.44% and 92.9% for virtual treatment plans showing no significant differences between virtual (mobile phone teledentistry) and clinical examinations ( > 0.05). The intraexaminer reliability of the examiners was found to be 0.92 by calculating the ICC. Then, teledentistry can be considered as a supplement to clinical examinations of pediatric dentistry, finally resulting in better patient management. However, more studies are necessary for teledentistry.
Physicians' Perspective of Telemedicine Regulating Guidelines and Ethical Aspects: A Saudi Experience.
El Kheir DYM, Alnufaili SS, Alsaffar RM … +2 more , Assad MA, Alkhalifah ZZ
Int J Telemed Appl · 2022 · PMID 36278028 · Full text
METHODS: This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted among physicians working at the College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), and its affiliated academic tertiary hospital, King Fa...
METHODS: This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted among physicians working at the College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), and its affiliated academic tertiary hospital, King Fahad Hospital of the University (KFHU), Eastern province-KSA. Data were collected between August 2019 and March 2020 via a structured, pretested, self-administered questionnaire distributed to 220 eligible physicians at KFHU. A final sample of 101 physicians completed our survey. Collected data was coded and analysed using SPSS, and the results presented as frequencies, percentages, and summary statistics. RESULTS: Among our respondents, 62 (61.4%) were males, 46 (45.5%) were in the age group of 35 to 44 years, and 62 (61.3%) were Saudi. Two-thirds of physicians (58 (57.4%)) use smart devices in healthcare delivery, and 51 (50.5%) are satisfied with this use. A minority (21 (20.8%)) knew about telemedicine guidelines, 8 (7.9%) had encountered legal issues related to telemedicine use, and 52 (51.5%) were doubtful about patients' readiness for virtual care. Regarding physicians' awareness of the ethical aspects regulating the use of social media and medical apps in patient care, only 44 (45.3%) were aware of the proper reporting system if they found accounts sharing unreliable information. Nevertheless, the majority (91 (92.9%)) agreed it is essential for healthcare providers to report such accounts. Concerning physicians' awareness of the rules and regulations of online self-promotion, the majority of our respondents were unsure or unaware of such regulations (46 (45.6%) and 18 (17.8%)), respectively. Nonetheless, 67 (66.3%) of the physicians would not pay SM influencers to advertise for them. CONCLUSION: Two-thirds of our physicians use smart devices in healthcare delivery, with 1 in 13 having encountered related legal issues. Nonetheless, only a minority was aware of telemedicine use regulating guidelines, including physicians' online self-promotion regulations. These results highlight the necessity of targeted physicians' training on telemedicine use related guidelines, thereby ensuring the safety of both patients and healthcare professionals and the optimum utilization of online health-related interactions.
Telehealth and Transformation of Nursing Care in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review.
Al Baalharith I, Al Sherim M, Almutairi SHG … +1 more , Albaqami ASA
Int J Telemed Appl · 2022 · PMID 36249324 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Technological advancements have transformed nursing care, quality, and education across the globe. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the inventions and adoption of mobile technologies such as an e-healt...
INTRODUCTION: Technological advancements have transformed nursing care, quality, and education across the globe. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the inventions and adoption of mobile technologies such as an e-health application (app) called SEHA continue to revolutionize the healthcare system in the country. PURPOSE: The present systematic review is aimed at examining the technological impact on nursing in Saudi Arabia. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of telehealth and its role in nursing quality, nursing practice, and education. METHODS: The present study adopted a literature review methodology by deriving data from journal articles from different databases, for example, Web Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases. Inclusive years for the search ranged from 2016 to 2022. A total of eight articles were found dovetailing to meet the research objectives and answer research questions. RESULT: After appraising and analyzing the research, the present review found that (Abolfotouh et al., 2019) telehealth in nursing is loosely researched; (Ahmed et al., 2021) telehealth impacts nursing practice and quality by fostering nurse-patient communication promoting positive outcomes, seamless nursing care, and positive experiences; and (Albahri et al., 2021) telehealth and telemedicine is a central tenet of contemporary nursing education and practice. CONCLUSION: From these findings, this analysis informed three key recommendations: the need to integrate telehealth into the nursing curriculum, telehealth training, and reskilling among healthcare workers (HCWs) in KSA and further primary studies focusing predominantly on telenursing. Overall, telehealth remains a fundamental transformation of nursing practice that forms a central ideology in the contemporary nursing process.
Multifactor Authentication for Smart Emergency Medical Response Transporters.
Alghamdi T, Gebali F, Salem F
Int J Telemed Appl · 2022 · PMID 36193509 · Full text
Securing telehealth IoT infrastructure is essential to provide high-level medical care and prevent cyberattacks. A vulnerable stage in IoT telehealth is while the patient is being transported to a healthcare facility, th...
Securing telehealth IoT infrastructure is essential to provide high-level medical care and prevent cyberattacks. A vulnerable stage in IoT telehealth is while the patient is being transported to a healthcare facility, the transporter could be an ambulance or an air ambulance. In this paper, we propose a multifactor authentication scheme to secure the system when the patient is in transit to the healthcare facility. We apply this scheme to an ambulance, using physical unclonable functions (PUFs) embedded in the ambulance to facilitate authentication and secure key exchange. We validated the security of the proposed scheme using formal and informal security analysis. The analysis supports our claim that the proposed scheme protects against many types of attacks.
Smartphone Application for Celiac Patients: Assessing Its Effect on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
Nikniaz Z, Namvar ZA, Shirmohammadi M … +1 more , Maserat E
Int J Telemed Appl · 2022 · PMID 35846977 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Considering the lack of inclusive Persian application for celiac patients that covers all aspects of the GFD, we developed a Persian-language application for patients with CD and assessed the effectiveness...
INTRODUCTION: Considering the lack of inclusive Persian application for celiac patients that covers all aspects of the GFD, we developed a Persian-language application for patients with CD and assessed the effectiveness of a three-month educational intervention delivered via smartphone application compared with standard care on gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) score in patients with celiac disease. METHODS: In the present parallel randomized controlled clinical trial, 60 patients with CD were assigned randomly to receive education through a smartphone application ( = 30) or conventional clinical education ( = 30). The patients were asked to use it for getting the required information for three months. We assessed the gastrointestinal symptoms using the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) questionnaire at baseline and three months after interventions. The GSRS total score, celiac disease GSRS (CD-GSRS) score, abdominal pain, reflux, diarrhea, constipation, and indigestion scores were calculated. RESULTS: Out of 60 randomized patients, 58 patients completed the study. In comparison to baseline, the mean score of CD-GSRS score ( = 0.001), and indigestion subscore ( < 0.001) were significantly decreased in the intervention group. The results of the between-group comparisons showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups only in the mean score of indigestion ( = 0.002). CONCLUSION: According to the results, using a smartphone application for providing information to patients with celiac disease had a significant positive effect on indigestion symptoms compared with routine clinic education. . This trial is registered with the Iranian registry of clinical trials (IRCT code: IRCT20170117032004N2; trial registry date: 2019.6.26).
Diagnosis-Based Hybridization of Multimedical Tests and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Techniques: A Systematic Review.
Alqaysi ME, Albahri AS, Hamid RA
Int J Telemed Appl · 2022 · PMID 35814280 · Full text
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurobehavioral condition that begins in childhood and continues throughout life, affecting communication and verbal and behavioral skills. It is challenging to discover autism...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurobehavioral condition that begins in childhood and continues throughout life, affecting communication and verbal and behavioral skills. It is challenging to discover autism in the early stages of life, which prompted researchers to intensify efforts to reach the best solutions to treat this challenge by introducing artificial intelligence (AI) techniques and machine learning (ML) algorithms, which played an essential role in greatly assisting the medical and healthcare staff and trying to obtain the highest predictive results for autism spectrum disorder. This study is aimed at systematically reviewing the literature related to the criteria, including multimedical tests and sociodemographic characteristics in AI techniques and ML contributions. Accordingly, this study checked the Web of Science (WoS), Science Direct (SD), IEEE Xplore digital library, and Scopus databases. A set of 944 articles from 2017 to 2021 is collected to reveal a clear picture and better understand all the academic literature through a definitive collection of 40 articles based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected articles were divided based on similarity, objective, and aim evidence across studies. They are divided into two main categories: the first category is "diagnosis of ASD based on questionnaires and sociodemographic features" ( = 39). This category contains a subsection that consists of three categories: (a) early diagnosis of ASD towards analysis, (b) diagnosis of ASD towards prediction, and (c) diagnosis of ASD based on resampling techniques. The second category consists of "diagnosis ASD based on medical and family characteristic features" ( = 1). This multidisciplinary systematic review revealed the taxonomy, motivations, recommendations, and challenges of diagnosis ASD research in utilizing AI techniques and ML algorithms that need synergistic attention. Thus, this systematic review performs a comprehensive science mapping analysis and identifies the open issues that help accomplish the recommended solution of diagnosis ASD research. Finally, this study critically reviews the literature and attempts to address the diagnosis ASD research gaps in knowledge and highlights the available ASD datasets, AI techniques and ML algorithms, and the feature selection methods that have been collected from the final set of articles.
Factors Associated with Arkansans' First Use of Telehealth during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Andersen JA, Felix HC, Su D … +3 more , Selig JP, Ratcliff S, McElfish PA
Int J Telemed Appl · 2022 · PMID 35775023 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors associated with the first use of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic using Andersen's Model of Healthcare Utilization. Andersen's Model of Healthcare Utilization allowed the categori...
OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors associated with the first use of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic using Andersen's Model of Healthcare Utilization. Andersen's Model of Healthcare Utilization allowed the categorization of the independent variables into the following: (1) predisposing factors, including sociodemographic variables and health beliefs; (2) enabling factors, including socioeconomic status and access to care; and (3) need for care, including preexisting or newly diagnosed conditions and reasons to seek out care or to utilize a new mode of care. METHODS: Potential respondents ( = 4,077) were identified for recruitment from a volunteer registry in Arkansas. Recruitment emails provided a study description, the opportunity to verify meeting the study's inclusion criteria and to consent for participation, and a link to follow to complete the survey online. The online survey responses were collected between July and August of 2020 ( = 1,137). RESULTS: Telehealth utilization included two categories: (1) reported the first use of telehealth services during the pandemic, and (2) reported they had never used telehealth. Lower odds of reporting telehealth utilization during the pandemic were associated with race (Black; OR = 0.57, CI [0.33, 0.96]) and education (high School or less; OR = 0.45, CI [0.25, 0.83]). Higher odds of reporting telehealth utilization included having more than one provider (OR = 2.33, CI [1.30, 4.18]), more physical (OR = 1.12, CI [1.00, 1.25]) and mental (OR 1.53, CI [1.24, 1.88]) health conditions, and changes in healthcare delivery during the pandemic (OR = 3.49, CI [2.78, 4.38]). CONCLUSIONS: The results illustrate that disparities exist in Arkansans' utilization of telehealth services during the pandemic. Future research should explore the disparities in telehealth utilization and how telehealth may be used to address disparities in care for Black Arkansans and those with low socioeconomic status.
An Enhanced Posture Prediction-Bayesian Network Algorithm for Sleep Posture Recognition in Wireless Body Area Networks.
Roshini A, Kiran KVD
Int J Telemed Appl · 2022 · PMID 35642188 · Full text
Wireless body area networks have taken their unique recognition in providing consistent facilities in health monitoring. Several studies influence physiological signal monitoring through a centralized approach using star...
Wireless body area networks have taken their unique recognition in providing consistent facilities in health monitoring. Several studies influence physiological signal monitoring through a centralized approach using star topology in regular activities like standing, walking, sitting, and running which are considered active postures. Unlike regular activities like walking, standing, sitting, and running, the in-bed sleep posture monitoring of a subject is highly necessary for those who have undergone surgery, victims of breathing problems, and victims of COVID-19 for whom oxygen imbalance is a major issue as the mortality rate in sleep is high due to unattended patients. Suggestions from the medical field state that the patients with the above-mentioned issues are highly suggested to follow the prone sleep posture that enables them to maintain the oxygen level in the human body. A distributed model of communication is used where mesh topology is used for the data packets to be carried in a relay fashion to the sink. Heartbeat rate (HBR) and image monitoring of the subject during sleep are closely monitored and taken as input to the proposed posture prediction-Bayesian network (PP-BN) to predict the consecutive postures to increase the accuracy rate of posture recognition. The accuracy rate of the model outperforms the existing classification and prediction algorithms which take the cleaned dataset as input for better prediction results.
Efficacy of Telemedicine Utilization for Cardiac Outpatients' Care during the Pandemic of COVID-19: A Large Center Experience in the Wave of the Pandemic.
Alhejily WA
Int J Telemed Appl · 2022 · PMID 35601051 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Synchronous telemedicine using teleconferencing may play a role in clinical care. In a tertiary care center, video conferencing-enhanced virtual clinics were established via a new application platform. They...
INTRODUCTION: Synchronous telemedicine using teleconferencing may play a role in clinical care. In a tertiary care center, video conferencing-enhanced virtual clinics were established via a new application platform. They were introduced during COVID-19 pandemic to connect patients to trained health-care providers via a secured line. While maintaining patients' privacy, they were theorized to offer effective communications and continuous clinical care. In this cross-sectional cohort study, we ought to examine the impact of service and the assistance they may offer to cardiac patients in the outpatient setup. METHODS: A prospective cohort study looking at all video-conferencing virtual clinics' visits during the pandemic with primary focus on cardiac outpatient clinic, addressing primary endpoints of need for admission or emergency visits from cardiac demises during the pandemic and secondary endpoint of patient satisfaction based on patients' experiences. RESULTS: A total of 6000 live care video-based chats were made over 10 months period from March 10, 2020, to January 30, 2021, among which 277 patients were evaluated in the virtual cardiac clinic, of these 193 (69.7%) were males, with mean age of 48 ± 15.60 (22.3%), patients were requested to present to clinic for further evaluation and testing, 20 (7.2%) patients were asked to visit the emergency room, of whom 8 (2.8%) patients were hospitalized. All 8 were admitted for high-risk findings that require immediate medical attention, 4/8 underwent cardiac catheterization, mean duration of admission was 2 ± 1 days. When compared to regular walk-in care, there was a statistical difference in admission rate and emergency visits = 0.001 and = 0.0001, respectively, both were statistically higher in the virtual clinic. The satisfaction rate in a 5-scale grading system was 97% of 4 and above recommending the continuation of the service beyond pandemic time. CONCLUSIONS: Video-enhanced virtual cardiology clinic works safely and efficiently during COVID-19 pandemic with a difference in admission rate and ER visits when compared to walk-in clinic. It can be used during nonpandemic time to reduce load on hospital and clinic crowdedness. It also decreases the chances of COVID-19 transmission indirectly by reenforcing physical distance.
A Smart Chatbot for Interactive Management in Beta Thalassemia Patients.
Alturaiki AM, Banjar HR, Barefah AS … +2 more , Alnajjar SA, Hindawi S
Int J Telemed Appl · 2022 · PMID 35601050 · Full text
BACKGROUND: -thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that affects the production of hemoglobin molecules owing to the reduction or absence of beta chains. Transfusion therapy has had a key role in extending the lifesp...
BACKGROUND: -thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that affects the production of hemoglobin molecules owing to the reduction or absence of beta chains. Transfusion therapy has had a key role in extending the lifespan of -thalassemia patients. This life-saving therapy is linked to numerous assessments and complications that now comprise most thalassemia management considerations. Consequently, many patients do not receive adequate information about the required assessments, as indicated by evidence-based medical guidelines. Patients with -thalassemia may benefit from chatbots that follow up on their condition and that provide the required assessment information. Self-management will hopefully have a positive impact on health outcomes. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to develop a chatbot that can assist in the management of -thalassemia by providing the assessment information required to monitor patients' statuses. METHODS: The chatbot operated as a messaging system. A question/answer system was created based on knowledge pertaining to -thalassemia assembled from experts, medical guidelines, and articles. Recommendations regarding the patient's follow-up assessment are made based on the answers. RESULTS: A prototype was implemented to demonstrate how the chatbots could dynamically and flexibly provide the assessment information required to follow up on and monitor patients. A small sample of adults with -thalassemia used the chatbot to examine the system's usability and perceived utility. A system usability scale and utility scale were implemented to complete a post-test survey. The chatbots were considered by 34 patients, of whom the majority (72%) found them easy to use, while more than 90% of patients considered their use beneficial. Most of the participants agreed that the chatbots could improve their knowledge about their -thalassemia assessments. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that chatbots can be beneficial to the development of recommended tests and management related to the assessment of -thalassemia.
Malaria Diagnosis Using a Lightweight Deep Convolutional Neural Network.
Magotra V, Rohil MK
Int J Telemed Appl · 2022 · PMID 35463192 · Full text
The applications of AI in the healthcare sector are increasing day by day. The application of convolutional neural network (CNN) and mask-region-based CNN (Mask-RCCN) to the medical domain has really revolutionized medic...
The applications of AI in the healthcare sector are increasing day by day. The application of convolutional neural network (CNN) and mask-region-based CNN (Mask-RCCN) to the medical domain has really revolutionized medical image analysis. CNNs have been prominently used for identification, classification, and feature extraction tasks, and they have delivered a great performance at these tasks. In our study, we propose a lightweight CNN, which requires less time to train, for identifying malaria parasitic red blood cells and distinguishing them from healthy red blood cells. To compare the accuracy of our model, we used transfer learning on two models, namely, the VGG-19 and the Inception v3. We train our model in three different configurations depending on the proportion of data being fed to the model for training. For all three configurations, our proposed model is able to achieve an accuracy of around 96%, which is higher than both the other models that we trained for the same three configurations. It shows that our model is able to perform better along with low computational requirements. Therefore, it can be used more efficiently and can be easily deployed for detecting malaria cells.
Telepresence Robots at the Urology and Emergency Department: A Pilot Study Assessing Patients' and Healthcare Workers' Satisfaction.
Laigaard J, Fredskild TU, Fojecki GL
Int J Telemed Appl · 2022 · PMID 35341067 · Full text
COVID-19 intensified interest in telemedicine, yet no study has evaluated the use of a telepresence robot on unselected urological patients. Therefore, we performed a survey study of patients, bedside caregivers and urol...
COVID-19 intensified interest in telemedicine, yet no study has evaluated the use of a telepresence robot on unselected urological patients. Therefore, we performed a survey study of patients, bedside caregivers and urologists, investigating the satisfaction and applicability of a telepresence robot (Beam Pro, Suitable Technologies, USA) at the urology ward and emergency department. The primary outcome was the number of patient encounters solved without the urologist's physical presence. Between March 2021 and May 2021, patients, caregivers, and urologists filled in 42, 35, and 54 questionnaires, respectively. Most patients were male (79%), with a mean age of 64 (SD ± 17). Two of the department's ten urologists participated. The urologists responded that physical examination was required in 7 (13%) encounters. The caregivers would have preferred the urologist physically present in 11 (31%) cases. Most patients (71%) "agreed" or "strongly agreed" that they were willing to be attended by a telepresence robot at future evaluations and generally, patients gave high satisfaction scores. Though implementation among the department's urologists was a major challenge, participating urologists reported that physical presence could be avoided in 87% of the patient encounters. Studies of patient-reported outcome measures comparing telemedical and physical patient encounters are needed.
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