Journal Of Nutritional Science And Vitaminology[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Effectiveness of a Low-Iodine Diet in Post-Thyroidectomy Thyroid Cancer Patients Receiving I-131 Therapy at the Vietnam National Cancer Hospital.
Hoang BV, Tran TT, LE ATM … +3 more , Nguyen TTH, Nguyen DT, LE HT
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2026 · PMID 42055716 · Publisher ↗
The effects of a low-iodine diet intervention in post-thyroidectomy thyroid cancer patients undergoing radioactive iodine (I-131) therapy has been shown to the improve clinical outcomes of patients worldwide. However, st...
The effects of a low-iodine diet intervention in post-thyroidectomy thyroid cancer patients undergoing radioactive iodine (I-131) therapy has been shown to the improve clinical outcomes of patients worldwide. However, studies evaluating the 24-h dietary intake of low-iodine diets for thyroid cancer patients in Vietnam remain limited. Therefore, we conducted a study to assess the effectiveness of the low-iodine diet and to compare the diet between patients who managed it on their own and those who received guidance from nutrition specialists, with the aim of developing a more effective dietary regimen and monitoring intervention. This was a controlled interventional study comparing two groups: the intervention group received a specialized low-iodine diet designed by a team of experts, while the control group followed the standard hospital low-iodine diet protocol. The effectiveness of the intervention was assessed by measuring urinary iodine concentration and 24-h dietary intake. The mean urinary iodine concentration in the intervention group was lower than in the control group (9.2±3.9 vs. 10.3±3.5 μg/dL), though the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Regarding 24-h dietary intake, the proportion of patients meeting energy and protein requirements was higher in the intervention group (p<0.05). Dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was also significantly higher in the intervention group (p<0.05). Nutritional intervention helped ensure adequate energy intake and improved the provision of specific nutrients for patients undergoing I-131 therapy after thyroid cancer surgery.
Food Restriction Impairs Exercise-Induced Bone Mass Acquisition and Causes Iron Metabolic Disturbance with Storage Depletion in Young Female Rats.
Kioka K, Aikawa Y, Noboritate K … +6 more , Yamamoto H, Sugiyama K, Shingu H, Watanabe K, Suzuki H, Omi N
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2026 · PMID 42055715 · Publisher ↗
Low energy availability is a core feature of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport that impairs skeletal and hematologic health. However, the contributions of short-term energy restriction and exercise as well as their pot...
Low energy availability is a core feature of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport that impairs skeletal and hematologic health. However, the contributions of short-term energy restriction and exercise as well as their potential interactive effects remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the effects of short-term food restriction on exercise-induced bone mass acquisition and its simultaneous impact on iron metabolism in young female rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (5 wk old) underwent environmental acclimation and treadmill running exercise training for 1 wk each and randomly grouped into seven groups. The groups included a sedentary and ad libitum feeding group, along with groups fed 90%, 70%, or 50% of the average ad-lib intake under sedentary or running exercise conditions for 15 d. The results showed low tibial bone mineral density (BMD) and ferritin levels and high serum iron levels due to a significant main effect of food restriction. Hematocrit-adjusted erythrocyte counts were unchanged, indicating an iron metabolic disturbance characterized by depleted stores despite high circulating iron. Exercise significantly increased tibial BMD, but the 50% food restriction groups (sedentary and exercise) showed significantly lower values than the exercise 90% group. Serum iron levels showed significant differences even in the 70% food restriction group compared with the 90% group. Tibial BMD and serum iron levels were weakly negatively correlated. This study revealed that, in young female rats, short-term 50% food restriction resulted in decreased BMD while short-term 70% and 50% food restriction resulted in iron metabolic disturbances under both sedentary and exercise conditions.
Sedentary Behaviour and Free-Living Physical Activity Intensity as Determinants of Physical Activity Level in Young Adult Women without Regular Exercise Habits.
Aikawa H, Hatamoto Y, Yoshimura E … +3 more , Tobina T, Ayabe M, Kumahara H
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2026 · PMID 41765416 · Publisher ↗
There is a growing amount of research on the association of physical activity level (PAL) and physical activity-related energy expenditure (PAEE) with physical activity (PA) intensity or body composition variables; howev...
There is a growing amount of research on the association of physical activity level (PAL) and physical activity-related energy expenditure (PAEE) with physical activity (PA) intensity or body composition variables; however, the age of the target population, especially young adults, is limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between PA indices such as each PA intensity, including sedentary behaviour (SB), and free-living energy expenditure using the doubly labelled water (DLW) method. Using the DLW method under free-living conditions, total energy expenditure was evaluated in 32 healthy women without regular exercise habits in their 20 s. PA, including the percentage of time spent engaging in light, moderate, and vigorous physical intensities, was measured using a validated accelerometer. The %SB was also calculated. Partial correlation coefficients of the relationship between the PAL and PA variables, including sleeping time, age, and body composition indices, were calculated while controlling for the effect of multiple variables. PAEE normalised for body weight (PAEE/kg) and average PAL were 10.2±3.0 kcal/kg/d (42.7±12.7 kJ/kg/d) and 1.60±0.17, respectively. PAL and PAEE/kg had significant negative partial correlations with %SB (r=-0.428, p=0.033 and r=-0.484, p=0.014, respectively). The results indicate that reducing SB attributes to higher values of PAL and PAEE/kg. This is the first study to clarify the contribution of SB and other PA indices to the intensity of PAL and free-living energy expenditure using DLW in young adult women without regular exercise habits.
Errata.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2026 · PMID 41765415 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
The Effect of the Rice Endosperm Protein Hydrolysate B on Appetite in Healthy Japanese Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
Taira N, Mihara T, Higuchi Y … +3 more , Takahashi H, Sato M, Ohinata K
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2026 · PMID 41765414 · Publisher ↗
Rice endosperm protein hydrolysate B (REPH-B) is produced by enzymatic degradation of rice endosperm protein. REPH-B contains the following peptides: QAFEPIRSV, pEAFEPIRSV, and TNPWHSPRQGSF. A previous study reported tha...
Rice endosperm protein hydrolysate B (REPH-B) is produced by enzymatic degradation of rice endosperm protein. REPH-B contains the following peptides: QAFEPIRSV, pEAFEPIRSV, and TNPWHSPRQGSF. A previous study reported that REPH-B has the ability to induce plasma acylated ghrelin secretion and increase food intake in animal models. In this study, we investigated the effect of REPH-B on appetite in healthy adults aged over 40 y who had a relatively low visual analogue scale (VAS) score for hunger. Forty-six healthy subjects who were aware that their appetite had decreased were enrolled. Subjects were randomly allocated to one of two groups. The influence of REPH-B on appetite was evaluated by VAS under two conditions: repeated intake over 2 wk (Study 1) and single intake (Study 2). Though a single intake of REPH-B had no influence on any of the parameters evaluated, repeated intake of REPH-B significantly improved the VAS score for hunger. In conclusion, repeated intake of REPH-B might increase hunger in healthy adults who suffer from a lack of appetite. This study was registered with UMIN Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000049108.
Identification of Paramyosin as a Novel Allergen in Edible Cricket Protein.
Nakamura M, Matsuki H, Hagiwara K … +12 more , Okuno S, Kataoka K, Ashikari S, Ikeda K, Miyawaki K, Watanabe T, Inoue S, Mito T, Asahi T, Takahashi A, Uchida T, Nikawa T
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2026 · PMID 41765413 · Publisher ↗
Edible insects have recently gained attention as a sustainable protein source. In a dietary intervention clinical trial, participants consumed one of the following for 28 d: wheat bread, soy protein bread, cricket protei...
Edible insects have recently gained attention as a sustainable protein source. In a dietary intervention clinical trial, participants consumed one of the following for 28 d: wheat bread, soy protein bread, cricket protein bread, or a mixed bread containing both cricket and soy proteins. Although individuals with known allergies to soy, crustaceans, or wheat were excluded, several participants developed allergic dermatitis (erythema with itching) after consuming cricket protein bread. This study, therefore, aims to identify potential allergens in cricket protein that may have triggered these reactions. To do so, we analyzed serum samples from an individual who developed allergic dermatitis after consuming the cricket protein or cricket-soy protein mixed bread. Our results revealed a novel allergen candidate. In contrast, this allergen was not detected in serum from an individual who consumed the same bread but did not experience an allergic reaction. The newly identified allergen was solubilized by heating at 95ºC for 5 min in 10% SDS. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and database searches in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gryllus protein database, paramyosin was identified as a candidate protein. Our findings suggest a new allergen candidate in cricket protein, which is regarded as a promising alternative protein source and edible insect. Furthermore, these results support the safety assessment of cricket consumption and underscore the importance of allergen screening in edible crickets.
Selective Eating Behavior and Delayed Bedtime in Children Aged 3-6 Years: The Mediating Role of Breakfast Tryptophan Intake.
Sakane N, Kawaguchi Y, Somei J … +2 more , Suganuma A, Domichi M
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2026 · PMID 41765412 · Publisher ↗
Mealtime behaviors may influence sleep patterns in preschool children; however, this relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify which mealtime behaviors affect sleep among preschool children. A total of 28...
Mealtime behaviors may influence sleep patterns in preschool children; however, this relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify which mealtime behaviors affect sleep among preschool children. A total of 283 children aged 3-6 y were included in this study. Problematic mealtime behaviors-such as selective eating, clumsiness/manners, interest and concentration in eating, oral motor function, and overeating-were assessed. Data on wake-up time, bedtime, total sleep duration, and sleep midpoint were collected. The tryptophan index (Trp index) was calculated at breakfast. A mediation analysis, controlling for age in month and sex, was conducted under the assumption of a causal pathway from selective eating behavior to bedtime via the Trp index. The analysis estimated both direct and indirect effects. Compared to the non-selective eating behavior group (n=121), the selective eating behavior group (n=162) exhibited later wake-up times (6:44±0:28 vs. 6:52±0:32; p=0.043), later bedtimes (21:15±0:37 vs. 21:33±0:33; p<0.001), later midpoints of sleep (2:00±0:27 vs. 2:13±0:31; p<0.001), shorter total sleep (9.5±0.6 vs. 9.3±0.7 h; p=0.018), and a lower Trp-index (285±167 vs. 234±149; p=0.007). Selective eating behavior was associated with lower tryptophan intake at breakfast, which in turn was linked to later bedtimes. The mediation analysis showed that tryptophan intake partially mediated the relationship between selective eating behavior and sleep timing (proportion mediated=13.6%). These findings suggests that a significant association was observed between selective eating behavior and poor sleep habits, and tryptophan intake at breakfast partially mediated this association.
Non-Fat Fermented Milk Enhanced the Bioavailability of Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Humans: A Crossover Study.
Morifuji M, Takahashi S, Sano C … +2 more , Baba S, Ichikawa S
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2026 · PMID 41765411 · Publisher ↗
Deficiencies of essential fat-soluble vitamins have been identified in several conditions. Previously we reported the co-ingestion of non-fat fermented milk and vegetables enhanced absorption of carotenoids. Both caroten...
Deficiencies of essential fat-soluble vitamins have been identified in several conditions. Previously we reported the co-ingestion of non-fat fermented milk and vegetables enhanced absorption of carotenoids. Both carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins have similar absorption mechanisms. Therefore, we hypothesized that the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins may be enhanced when co-ingested with non-fat fermented milk. Twenty healthy male participants were included in this two-group, two-phase crossover study. Participants co-ingested 50 g of a fat-soluble vitamin solution with either 75 g of water or 75 g of non-fat fermented milk before switching after a 2-wk washout. The fat-soluble vitamins were mixed in 50 g of water with 830 μg vitamin A (as retinol), 230 μg of vitamin D (as cholecalciferol), 100.8 mg of vitamin E, and 16.8 mg of vitamin K (as menaquinone-7). Blood samples were collected before and 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after test food consumption and the concentrations of fat-soluble vitamins in the triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein (TRL) and total plasma fractions were determined. The incremental area under the curve for retinyl palmitate, cholecalciferol, and menaquinone-7 concentrations in the total plasma fraction, and α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol concentrations in the TRL fraction of plasma were significantly higher for the group of the co-ingestion of fat-soluble vitamins and non-fat fermented milk, compared with the co-ingestion of fat-soluble vitamins and water. Our findings suggest a new nutritional means by which fat-soluble vitamin bioavailability can be enhanced via co-ingestion with non-fat fermented milk. This approach could improve nutritional deficiencies of global health concern.
Impact of Food Addiction and Its Influencing Factors in Overweight/Obesity Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Mao Y, Zhou Y, Li N … +6 more , Wang X, Luo Y, Cheng D, Li J, Zhong L, Zhu Y
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2026 · PMID 41765410 · Publisher ↗
Obesity represents a major public health challenge with extensive physical and psychological implications. Food addiction (FA), a rising concern linked to obesity, remains insufficiently studied in China. This study inve...
Obesity represents a major public health challenge with extensive physical and psychological implications. Food addiction (FA), a rising concern linked to obesity, remains insufficiently studied in China. This study investigates the prevalence of FA and identifies factors associated with FA among overweight/obesity. Data were collected between August 2021 and January 2022 from 126 overweight/obesity through structured surveys and questionnaires. Comparative analyses of demographic characteristics, anthropometric indicators, and dietary patterns were performed between participants exhibiting FA symptoms and those without FA. FA symptoms were identified in 43.65% of the participants, with higher prevalence among individuals from the Tibetan population. Subgroup analysis of Tibetan participants revealed that a higher intake of tubers, fats, and sodium was associated with an increased risk of FA, whereas manganese intake may exert a protective effect against FA. Participants with FA showed significantly higher anthropometric measurements, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body fat percentage, compared to non-FA (NFA) counterparts. Furthermore, a dietary pattern characterized by elevated intake of tubers, fats, energy-dense foods and certain trace elements such as sodium was significantly associated with an increased risk of FA. Overweight/obesity with FA display distinct dietary imbalances, marked by higher BMI and increased consumption of tubers and fats, accompanied by increased intake of specific trace elements. This study is crucial for identifying and evaluating the effectiveness of FA in order to develop targeted interventions and optimise obesity treatment strategies.
Effects of Early Nutritional Intervention on Clinical Remission Rates and Quality of Life in Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.
Gao Y, Xia S, Shen X
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2026 · PMID 41765409 · Publisher ↗
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder influenced by multiple factors including genetic susceptibility, immune dysregulation, environmental triggers, and nutritional status. Nutritional d...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder influenced by multiple factors including genetic susceptibility, immune dysregulation, environmental triggers, and nutritional status. Nutritional deficiencies are common in IBD patients and may contribute to disease progression and poor clinical outcomes. In this study, we examined how early nutritional intervention affected clinical remission rates, disease activity, and quality of life in newly diagnosed IBD patients. We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 153 newly diagnosed IBD patients, dividing them into two groups: 78 patients who received early nutritional intervention combined with conventional treatment (intervention group) and 75 patients who received conventional treatment alone (control group). Following treatment periods of 4, 8, 12, and 24 wk, we assessed clinical remission rates, disease activity indices (CDAI for Crohn's disease and Mayo scores for ulcerative colitis), quality of life scores (IBDQ), inflammatory markers, nutritional status, and disease-related complications. Early nutritional intervention led to enhanced clinical remission rates beginning at 8 wk and continuing through 24 wk. Disease activity indices showed progressive improvement in the intervention group, with both CDAI scores in Crohn's disease patients and Mayo scores in ulcerative colitis patients demonstrating notable reductions by the 24-wk assessment. Quality of life scores improved substantially in the intervention group, particularly evident at the 12 and 24-wk time points. Inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and fecal calprotectin, exhibited marked decreases in patients receiving nutritional intervention. Nutritional parameters demonstrated improvement in the intervention group, with both serum albumin and prealbumin levels showing restoration toward normal ranges. Additionally, patients in the intervention group experienced lower rates of rehospitalization, extraintestinal complications, and disease relapse during the 24-wk follow-up period. These findings indicate that early nutritional intervention significantly improves clinical outcomes in newly diagnosed IBD patients by enhancing remission rates, reducing disease activity and inflammatory burden, optimizing nutritional status, and decreasing complications. This intervention strategy may represent a valuable therapeutic approach for improving both short-term and long-term prognosis in IBD management.
Correlation between Diet and Training: Impact on Blood ALT and γ-GTP Levels in Heavyweight Male Athletes.
Yoshizawa Y, Matsumoto M, Konno J … +1 more , Kushi H
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2026 · PMID 41765408 · Publisher ↗
Some heavyweight athletes like track and field throwing and heavyweight judo, have high levels of visceral fat, which raises concerns about develop reduced liver function. This study presents a detailed analysis of the r...
Some heavyweight athletes like track and field throwing and heavyweight judo, have high levels of visceral fat, which raises concerns about develop reduced liver function. This study presents a detailed analysis of the relationships among dietary intake, physical activity, and factors that exacerbate blood test results in these athletes. The study involved 20 track and field throwers (TF) and 9 judo heavyweight athletes (JH). We conducted body composition measurements using the impedance method, a training survey, and a semi-quantitative diet survey over 3 d. We performed blood tests to determine the effects of dietary intake and training on liver function. Blood tests revealed alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP) levels of 33±3 and 22±2 U/L in the TF, and 28±5 and 25±2 U/L in the JH. Daily energy intake and exercise energy expenditure were 3,018±149 and 884±71 kcal/d in the TF, and 3,160±146 and 1,593±153 kcal/d in the JH, respectively. We found positive correlations among weight, carbohydrate intake and energy ratio, ALT levels, and γ-GTP levels in both groups. While decreased liver function is traditionally addressed by discontinuing training, this study suggests that dietary adjustments may also be necessary.
Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Longitudinal Changes in Muscle Mass and Function in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Wang L, Xue C, Zhu B … +2 more , Zhou F, Luo Q
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2026 · PMID 41765407 · Publisher ↗
Data regarding to how serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels affect muscle mass and function in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients have led to inconclusive results. The main goal of this research was to examine...
Data regarding to how serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels affect muscle mass and function in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients have led to inconclusive results. The main goal of this research was to examine the relationship between 25(OH)D levels and the risk of deterioration in muscle mass and function among ESRD patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Eligible ESRD patients on CAPD were prospectively included, and followed up at 3-mo intervals in Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, the tertiary care center in the Ningbo region, Zhejiang Province, China for 12 mo. The mean 25(OH)D level <20 ng/mL of all visits during the 12-mo follow-up period was the exposure of interest. Primary outcome was defined as the deterioration of muscle mass and function at the end of the 12-mo follow-up. The absolute difference with 95% confidence interval (CI) of the incidence of deterioration of muscle mass and function between the groups with mean 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL and ≥20 ng/mL were estimated. The relationship between 25(OH)D levels and the risk of deterioration in muscle mass and function was examined by employing multivariate logistic regression models. Participants with 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL or 25(OH)D≥20 ng/mL in each visit were included as a sensitivity analysis. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on the age (<60 y and ≥60 y). Two hundred twenty-one eligible participants were included for the final statistical analysis. Among these 221 participants, patients with the mean 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL was 64.7% (143/221). During the 12-mo follow-up period, the incidence of deterioration in muscle mass and function was 37.6% (83/221). Compared to paticipants with mean 25(OH)D≥20 ng/mL, the incidence in paticipants with mean 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL was significantly higher (46.2% vs 21.8%, p<0.001), with an absolute difference of 24% (95%CI 12-37%). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, mean 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL was still associated with increased risk of the deterioration in muscle mass and function (OR=3.18, 95%CI 1.51-6.70, p=0.002). The association was consistent in the sensitivity analysis (OR=3.22, 95%CI 1.49-6.97, p=0.003). In subgroup analysis, the relationship between mean 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL and the deterioration in muscle mass and function remained consistent (OR=5.59, 95%CI 1.82-17.15, p=0.003) in paticipants with age ≥60 y; however, no significant relationship was identified in patients with age <60 y (OR=2.05, 95%CI 0.72-5.84, p=0.18). Our study demonstrated that lower serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of the deterioration in muscle mass and function in ESRD patients on CAPD, especially in elderly individuals, implicating that vitamin D supplementation might represent an effective way to prevent and treat sarcopenia, frailty and their clinical complications. However, due to inherent limitations in the study, further research is necessary to establish a definitive causal relationship.
Contents of Volume 71.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2025 · PMID 41485975 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Wheat Alkylresorcinols Induce Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep by Reducing Core Body Temperature in Mice.
Oishi K, Okauchi H, Higo-Yamamoto S
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2025 · PMID 41485974 · Publisher ↗
Wheat alkylresorcinols (ARs) possess several biological activities that include antioxidative and neuroprotective properties. The effects of ARs on sleep regulation remain unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that ARs...
Wheat alkylresorcinols (ARs) possess several biological activities that include antioxidative and neuroprotective properties. The effects of ARs on sleep regulation remain unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that ARs may contribute to the sleep-improving effects of whole grains. Male C3H/HeN mice were individually housed under a 12-h light-12-h dark cycle and intragastrically injected with vehicle or ARs at the time of lights off (activity onset). We then continuously monitored electrical activity in the brain using polygraphic electroencephalography, spontaneous locomotor activity, and subcutaneous and core body temperatures in the mice. An initial decrease in core body temperature was followed by decreased subcutaneous body temperature, locomotor activity, wakefulness, and increased non-rapid eye movement sleep for several hours in the mice injected with ARs. These findings suggested that ARs improve sleep onset by reducing core body temperature. Further studies are required to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the effects of ARs on body temperature and sleep regulation.
Dietary Patterns and Premenstrual Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Nanri A, Nakamura M, Takeda T … +1 more , Ohta M
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2025 · PMID 41485973 · Publisher ↗
This study investigated the cross-sectional association between major dietary patterns and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Participants were 427 women aged 22-50 y who responded to a mail survey in 2022-2023. Dietary patter...
This study investigated the cross-sectional association between major dietary patterns and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Participants were 427 women aged 22-50 y who responded to a mail survey in 2022-2023. Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis based on consumption of 52 food and beverage items ascertained by a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire. PMS were assessed using the Premenstrual Symptoms Questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios of PMS according to tertiles of dietary pattern scores. The prevalence of moderate to severe PMS was 9.6% (41 women). We identified four dietary patterns: vegetable, tomato and fish, Japanese, and alcohol dietary patterns. No dietary pattern was significantly associated with PMS. However, the odds ratios of PMS in the highest tertile of the vegetable dietary pattern (characterized by high intake of vegetables, mushrooms, potatoes, seaweeds, and chicken) tended to be lower compared to the lowest tertile. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of PMS for the highest versus lowest tertile of the vegetable dietary pattern score was 0.69 (95% confidence interval 0.30-1.59). None of the dietary patterns were appreciably associated with PMS. The finding of lower odds of PMS among women with a high score for the vegetable dietary pattern deserves further investigation.
Intestinal Absorption of L-Glucose via Sodium/Glucose Cotransporter 1 (Sglt1) in Rats.
Kishida K, Toyoda Y, Tsuzuki T
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2025 · PMID 41485972 · Publisher ↗
L-Glucose is an enantiomer of D-glucose. It is controversial whether intestinal absorption of L-glucose is mediated by sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (Sglt1). We examined whether L-glucose is absorbed via Sglt1 using KGA...
L-Glucose is an enantiomer of D-glucose. It is controversial whether intestinal absorption of L-glucose is mediated by sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (Sglt1). We examined whether L-glucose is absorbed via Sglt1 using KGA-2727, an Sglt1-specific inhibitor, and via glucose transporter (Glut5), a fructose transporter, using fructose-fed rats as well. KGA-2727 significantly blocked the increase of plasma L-glucose levels and lowered the C and AUC values. Feeding the high-fructose diet induced significantly higher intestinal Glut5 mRNA expression and higher absorption of orally administered D-fructose, but did not affect L-glucose levels and pharmacokinetic parameters. The results suggest that L-glucose is likely transported via Sglt1 in rat small intestine.
Prenatal Exposure to Bonito Broth Attenuates the Induction of Drd1 and Grin1 upon Corn Oil Ingestion in Offspring.
Fushimi S, Ozawa T, Matsui S … +3 more , Tsuzuki S, Hikida T, Sasaki T
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2025 · PMID 41485971 · Publisher ↗
Nutritional environments in the early life shape the development of neural systems involved in rewards. While the effects of maternal nutritional status on offspring feeding behavior have been studied, the impact of non-...
Nutritional environments in the early life shape the development of neural systems involved in rewards. While the effects of maternal nutritional status on offspring feeding behavior have been studied, the impact of non-nutrient dietary components remains poorly understood. We previously reported that prenatal exposure to bonito broth (katsuo-dashi) reduces the motivation of adult offspring to consume fat. In the present study, we explored the potential molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. First, we confirmed that bonito broth intake during gestation did not affect maternal nutrition or body weight, ruling out maternal undernutrition as a confounding factor for the offspring phenotype. Using fiber photometry, we determined that corn oil intake increased dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), but the response did not correlate with motivational behavior. In control offspring, the mRNA expression of genes related to dopamine (Drd1), opioid (Oprm1, Oprk1), glutamate (Grin1), and GABA (Gabra1) signaling was upregulated in the NAc after exposure to corn oil, and the response was significantly attenuated in the gestation group. These changes in gene expression were not observed in the ventral tegmental area or in the amygdala. These findings suggest that prenatal exposure to bonito broth through the mother attenuates transcriptional responses to dietary fat in reward-related brain regions, particularly the NAc, without affecting dopamine dynamics or maternal nutrition.
Effect of Foods, Including Rice, Miso Soup, and Japanese Tea, on the Absorption of Zinc.
Shibasaki M, Kodama H, Matsuda Y … +3 more , Noguchi R, Ueno H, Nakao Y
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2025 · PMID 41485970 · Publisher ↗
Only approximately 30% of ingested zinc (Zn) is absorbed. Some foods consumed with Zn affect its intestinal absorption. Zn supplementation is generally recommended immediately after meals to minimize gastric irritation....
Only approximately 30% of ingested zinc (Zn) is absorbed. Some foods consumed with Zn affect its intestinal absorption. Zn supplementation is generally recommended immediately after meals to minimize gastric irritation. In this study, we examined the effects of food intake on Zn absorption. Zn acetate (25 mg as zinc) was administered orally to 13 healthy young volunteers either in the fasting state or with foods, such as 150 g of brown rice, white rice, beef hamburg, 200 mL of miso soup (fermented soybean paste soup), seaweed soup, cow's milk, Japanese tea and orange juice (100% fruit juice). Blood samples were collected before and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 h after administration of Zn alone, food alone (without Zn), or food with Zn. Zn absorption was compared using the area under the curve. The results showed that serum Zn levels hardly increased when Zn was administered with brown rice, whereas the Zn level was not inhibited by coadministration with seaweed soup. The absorption of Zn acetate with other foods was reduced to 14-66% compared to that when Zn was administered alone. Our results suggest that brown rice, which is a popular food in Japan and other countries, is associated with decreased Zn absorption.
Risk Factors of Malnutrition in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy and Construction of a Predictive Model.
Zhan C, Gong Z, Ji N … +1 more , Ju X
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2025 · PMID 41485969 · Publisher ↗
Malnutrition is a common and serious complication in patients undergoing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study aimed to identify risk factors for malnutrition and to construct and validate a predict...
Malnutrition is a common and serious complication in patients undergoing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study aimed to identify risk factors for malnutrition and to construct and validate a predictive model to aid early detection. A total of 158 NPC patients treated with radiotherapy at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University between March 2023 and November 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical data were collected, and nutritional status was assessed using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). Patients were classified as malnourished or non-malnourished, and potential predictors were evaluated using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression followed by multivariable logistic regression. Among all patients, 118 (74.7%) developed malnutrition. Nutritional support and total protein were identified as independent protective factors, while dysphagia emerged as an independent risk factor. A nomogram incorporating these factors demonstrated strong discriminatory ability (AUC=0.964), good calibration, and clinical utility across threshold probabilities of 0.2-1.0 as shown by decision curve analysis. These findings indicate that malnutrition is highly prevalent in NPC patients undergoing radiotherapy and highlight the importance of nutritional support and protein status in reducing risk. The developed model offers a practical tool for early screening and targeted intervention in clinical practice.
Effects of Asparagus-Derived 20-Hydroxyecdysone Supplementation on Fat Oxidation and Insulin Sensitivity in Resistance-Trained Males.
Sripinyowanich S, Denben B, Satapoomin P … +2 more , Tumnark P, Phoemsapthawee J
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) · 2025 · PMID 41485968 · Publisher ↗
This study investigated the effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) derived from Asparagus officinalis extract on substrate utilization and metabolic health in young males undergoing resistance training (RT). Twenty healthy...
This study investigated the effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) derived from Asparagus officinalis extract on substrate utilization and metabolic health in young males undergoing resistance training (RT). Twenty healthy males were randomly assigned in a double-blind design to receive either a placebo (PLA; n=10) or 30 mg/d of 20E (n=10) for 12 wk, during which all participants performed supervised RT three times per week. Assessments were conducted at baseline and post-intervention, including body composition, substrate utilization, fasting glucose, insulin, free fatty acids (FFAs), and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). The 20E group showed significant reductions in arm (p<0.01), leg (p<0.05), and abdominal fat (p<0.05), with arm fat reduction significantly greater than in the PLA group (p<0.05). Fat oxidation increased at rest and during exercise in the 20E group (p<0.01), with between-group differences evident only at 40% of V•Opeak (p<0.05). Furthermore, 20E supplementation was associated with favorable metabolic changes, including reductions in fasting insulin (p<0.01) and plasma FFAs (p<0.05), alongside an increase in QUICKI (p<0.01). These findings suggest that 20E supplementation, when combined with RT, may support regional fat reduction, promote fat oxidation, and improve insulin sensitivity, thereby offering potential benefits for metabolic health.
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