Case Rep Radiol
· 2025 · PMID 40270921
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Breast amyloidoma is an extremely rare and potentially underdiagnosed entity with underreported diagnostic implications. Breast amyloidomas typically present as painless masses with varying imaging characteristics rangin...Breast amyloidoma is an extremely rare and potentially underdiagnosed entity with underreported diagnostic implications. Breast amyloidomas typically present as painless masses with varying imaging characteristics ranging from nonspecific asymmetries to mammary carcinoma mimics. Calcifications are visualized in many described cases in the literature with a characteristic histopathologic appearance following Congo red staining under polarized light. While breast amyloidomas are benign lesions, there are proposed associations with systemic autoimmune and hematolymphoid disorders in the literature. This suggests the need for standardized management parameters following diagnosis, as the treatment of localized amyloidosis differs greatly from that of its systemic counterpart. To date, no consensus guidelines for follow-up or management of breast amyloidomas exist, owing to its rarity and dearth of cases in the literature. Due to the necessity of employing specific staining to establish the diagnosis, underdiagnosis and occasionally misdiagnosis may contribute to its apparent rarity. In this radiologic-pathologic correlation, a unique case of breast amyloidoma is presented to highlight the imaging characteristics, underlying histopathology, and proposed clinical management, with the goal of improving understanding of this rare entity.
Case Rep Radiol
· 2025 · PMID 40255327
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We report a case of a 69-year-old female smoker who presented with multiple pulmonary micronodules incidentally noted during imaging for aortoiliac occlusive disease. A growing right lower lobe nodule was resected, revea...We report a case of a 69-year-old female smoker who presented with multiple pulmonary micronodules incidentally noted during imaging for aortoiliac occlusive disease. A growing right lower lobe nodule was resected, revealing adenocarcinoma alongside benign minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules (MPMNs). MPMNs, often found incidentally, in association with malignancies, can mimic metastatic disease but are benign and stable. Recognizing MPMNs is essential to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment in patients with coexisting malignancies. On chest CT, these nodules are typically peripherally located along the interlobular septa, consistent with their close vascular association around the small pulmonary veins observed in pathology.
Paudel S, Acharya A, Pokharel R
… +3 more, Rokaha PS, Rokaha PS, Luitel A
Case Rep Radiol
· 2025 · PMID 40225187
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Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DDMS) is a rare neurological condition characterized by focal or generalized drug-resistant epilepsy, hemiparesis, face or body asymmetry with atrophy, and cognitive impairment in early chi...Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DDMS) is a rare neurological condition characterized by focal or generalized drug-resistant epilepsy, hemiparesis, face or body asymmetry with atrophy, and cognitive impairment in early childhood and adulthood. DDMS is generally diagnosed in the paediatric age group. Neuroimaging shows skull bone thickening with cerebral hemiatrophy and hyperpneumatization of sinuses. Here is a case of a middle-aged female presenting with a history of multiple episodes of seizure since childhood. MRI showed diffuse atrophy of the left cerebral hemisphere with hypertrophy of the contralateral hemisphere, hyperpneumatization of the left frontal sinus, and thickened calvaria, all characteristics of DDMS. Based on the history, clinical findings, and MRI reports, it was diagnosed as a case of DDMS. DDMS can be due to injury to the brain, either intrauterine or during early childhood. The features can be confused with other conditions like Rasmussen encephalitis, hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia-epilepsy (HHE syndrome), Sturge-Weber syndrome, Silver-Russell syndrome, basal ganglia germinoma, Fishman syndrome, and linear nevus syndrome. Before making a diagnosis, a proper antenatal and postnatal history with early childhood presentations should be taken. Occupational therapy, physiotherapy, and seizure control improve the patient's quality of life. Though DDMS is usually diagnosed during early childhood, a few missed cases lead to later findings in life, resulting in late medical consults and affecting an individual's lifestyle. Management includes only symptomatic relief. Paediatricians, radiologists, neurologists, and gynaecologists need to be well-informed about the case for its early diagnosis and management.
Usuzaki T, Kato T, Morishita Y
… +2 more, Furukawa H, Majima K
Case Rep Radiol
· 2025 · PMID 40114853
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We describe a 30-year-old woman who had meningitis retention syndrome (MRS) with mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS), which occurred with fever, urinary retention, and weakness in bo...We describe a 30-year-old woman who had meningitis retention syndrome (MRS) with mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS), which occurred with fever, urinary retention, and weakness in both legs. A case of MRS with MERS is rare among adults, and its clinical course and treatment planning remain unknown. In the present, we highlighted the change in magnetic resonance imaging, blood tests, and cerebrospinal tests along with the treatment. A multidisciplinary approach by a radiologist and neurologist led to the diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Yaldo M, Musa A, Aulicino M
… +1 more, Berryhill B
Case Rep Radiol
· 2025 · PMID 39959382
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Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare neoplasm of mesenchymal origin that is primarily found in the lungs but can be found in other locations such as the retroperitoneum, deep soft tissues of the proximal extremities, a...Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare neoplasm of mesenchymal origin that is primarily found in the lungs but can be found in other locations such as the retroperitoneum, deep soft tissues of the proximal extremities, abdominal cavity, head, and neck. Moreover, SFTs found in the breast are extremely rare and, oftentimes, are found incidentally during screening mammography. Our case presents an exceptionally rare occurrence of a SFT in the breast of a 40-year-old woman. This rarity is underscored by its classification as a SFT and its unusual location within the breast tissue as well as this patient's young age. This case emphasizes the importance of a thorough evaluation with both imaging and histopathology for diagnosing SFTs. It also addresses the potential difficulties that may arise during this process, especially for radiologists who may have limited experience encountering SFTs.
Case Rep Radiol
· 2024 · PMID 39263255
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The patient presented with abdominal pain for the first time 10 years ago and was diagnosed with a left ureteral calculus, left hydronephrosis, and hydroureter. The patient's abdominal pain disappeared after palliative t...The patient presented with abdominal pain for the first time 10 years ago and was diagnosed with a left ureteral calculus, left hydronephrosis, and hydroureter. The patient's abdominal pain disappeared after palliative treatment, but he refused any treatment measures for his calculus and hydrops. He was readmitted due to chronic pelvic pain 8 years ago and was diagnosed with a pelvic abscess and left renal atrophy after imaging examination. We performed pus aspiration treatment under the guidance of transrectal B-mode ultrasound and used antibiotic fluid for purulent cavity rinse, followed by intravenous injection of antibiotics. The abscess shrank in follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the pain symptom disappeared in his pelvic. We followed up with the patient for 6 months, and he had no symptoms related to his pelvic abscess that was diagnosed before. Recent abdominal computed tomography (CT) images revealed that his left kidney atrophy still exists, and a pelvic stone was found at the site of the original abscess. This case once again proves that a ureteral calculus should be treated in time; otherwise, it can lead to serious complications such as a pelvic abscess and renal atrophy. A pelvic stone can be caused by a ureteral calculus migration. Minimally invasive treatments have minimal damage to the body and are widely applicable, and the patient was cured by one of them, abscess aspiration, which implies that they can also be used for patients who cannot tolerate surgical procedures.
Lau L, Patel KS, Santisi F
… +2 more, Germaine R, Jeph S
Case Rep Radiol
· 2024 · PMID 39040466
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This case highlights an atypical but important consideration in young males presenting with persistent gastrointestinal and/or genitourinary symptoms. Zinner syndrome (ZS) develops from embryologic maldevelopment of the...This case highlights an atypical but important consideration in young males presenting with persistent gastrointestinal and/or genitourinary symptoms. Zinner syndrome (ZS) develops from embryologic maldevelopment of the distal mesonephric duct, resulting in ejaculatory duct atresia with consequent obstruction of the seminal vesicle and concomitant ureteral bud malformation, leading to renal agenesis/dysplasia. The lack of distinct clinical symptoms makes ZS a difficult diagnosis to reach: Abdominal pain and dysuria are often mistaken for prostatitis or cystitis. However, the use of modern imaging modalities aids in establishing the diagnosis. Early identification of ZS may delay progression to infertility as the duct obstruction may not be as extensive, though further research is needed to establish this connection.
Dwivedi A, Sharma A, Sharma R
… +2 more, Awasthi P, Choudhary SS
Case Rep Radiol
· 2024 · PMID 38756334
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Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a significant cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) encountered in childhood with few cases manifesting in adulthood. It has four classical features (ventricular septal defect, ove...Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a significant cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) encountered in childhood with few cases manifesting in adulthood. It has four classical features (ventricular septal defect, overriding of aorta, hypertrophy of right ventricular hypertrophy, and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction), but the clinical presentation and course can be variable. Due to various anatomical variations and complex anatomy, presurgical planning and postoperative follow-up by pulmonary computed tomographic angiography (CTA) have a very important role. With continued technological advances and the availability of 128-slice computed tomographic (CT) scans, they now play an important role in TOF preoperative evaluation and workup, assisting by minimizing routine invasive digital subtraction catheter angiography. The fast scan of a 128-slice CTA with very sensitive detectors is a very useful modality for studying the complex anatomy and variations as well as its utilization for postoperative management. In this article, we report four cases of TOF where we used a 128-slice scan for performing pulmonary angiography (Optima 660, GE 128, 2180 Premier Row, Orlando, FL 32809, U.S.A.) for preoperative diagnosis and management of three cases and work up for revision surgery for an already operated case with a nonfunctional modified Blalock-Taussig shunt with additional lung parenchymal findings simultaneously. This study will explain the advantageous role of the 128-slice CT scanner over the lesser-slice CT scanners with the ability of pulmonary CTA to facilitate accurate diagnosis and postoperative management.
Case Rep Radiol
· 2024 · PMID 38681957
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In this paper, we describe an incidentally discovered case of interrupted aortic arch in a 28-year-old male patient with a history of long-standing poorly controlled hypertension. The patient presented to the hospital wi...In this paper, we describe an incidentally discovered case of interrupted aortic arch in a 28-year-old male patient with a history of long-standing poorly controlled hypertension. The patient presented to the hospital with a complaint of upper respiratory complaints and long-standing chest pain. A plain chest radiograph was requested to exclude a diagnosis of pneumonia, and the radiography spotted an incidental finding of inferior rib notching. A subsequent CT angiography was done for further characterization, and a diagnosis of interrupted aortic arch was confirmed. Therefore, although rare, IAA should be considered in adults with refractory hypertension or unexplained congestive heart failure.
Case Rep Radiol
· 2024 · PMID 38415047
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The Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWWS) is a very rare congenital anomaly of the urogenital tract. It is characterized by a combination of didelphys uterus, unilateral vaginal obstruction, and ipsilateral renal agen...The Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWWS) is a very rare congenital anomaly of the urogenital tract. It is characterized by a combination of didelphys uterus, unilateral vaginal obstruction, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. MRI imaging is usually used for diagnosis; however, the authors present a case of HWWS diagnosed by ultrasonography (HSG) and hysterosalpingography (HSG) in a 22-year-old lady who has undergone an imaging workup of infertility.
Azad S, Anson J, Majic T
… +2 more, Lev R, Kostanian V
Case Rep Radiol
· 2023 · PMID 38094155
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An unusual case of ischemic stroke due to calcified cerebral embolus occurring in a pregnant patient during the peripartum period is reported. The source of the embolus was suspected to be a pelvic phlebolith in origin w...An unusual case of ischemic stroke due to calcified cerebral embolus occurring in a pregnant patient during the peripartum period is reported. The source of the embolus was suspected to be a pelvic phlebolith in origin which paradoxically embolized via a patent foramen ovale to the supraclinoid right internal carotid artery. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of calcified cerebral embolus attributed to paradoxical embolism of a pelvic phlebolith, and we theorize that introduction of the phlebolith into the venous system may have occurred as a consequence of vascular remodeling due to pregnancy-related hemodynamic changes. Clinicians should be aware of this potential source of calcified cerebral emboli in patients with a patent foramen ovale during pregnancy. Our patient ultimately achieved an excellent outcome with surgical endarterectomy and embolectomy following an unsuccessful attempt at mechanical thrombectomy.
Khalaj K, Fattahi N, Omo-Ogboi AC
… +4 more, Thomas-Ogunniyi JO, Ogunleye OA, Khanal A, Kramer LA
Case Rep Radiol
· 2023 · PMID 38089103
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Infantile fibrosarcoma (IF) is a rare malignant fibroblastic tumor that affects infants and young children, occurring most commonly in the extremities. Here, we present a 14-year-old patient with an abdominal mass incide...Infantile fibrosarcoma (IF) is a rare malignant fibroblastic tumor that affects infants and young children, occurring most commonly in the extremities. Here, we present a 14-year-old patient with an abdominal mass incidentally detected after a blunt injury to the abdomen. The initial trauma protocol CT revealed a high attenuation mesenteric lesion in the left central abdomen suggestive of mesenteric hematoma. However, the possibility of a solid neoplastic mass lesion could not be excluded. Further evaluation with dynamic contrast-enhanced serial MRI showed a progressive enhancing mass and excluded a hyperacute hematoma with active bleeding. The mass was resected, and histopathological examination and molecular analysis of tumor cells were consistent with a high-grade fibrosarcoma with KMT2D : BCOR fusion.
Case Rep Radiol
· 2023 · PMID 37790679
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BACKGROUND: Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a rare noninflammatory disorder impacting spinal longitudinal ligament and enthesis. The majority of DISH cases are asymptomatic or have few manifestations....BACKGROUND: Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a rare noninflammatory disorder impacting spinal longitudinal ligament and enthesis. The majority of DISH cases are asymptomatic or have few manifestations. Manifestations include neck pain and stiffness, stridor, breathing disturbances, and dysphagia. . A mid-aged man with progressive dysphagia to solid food was admitted to Loghman Hakim Hospital. In cervical X-ray, a huge ossification in the anterior longitudinal ligament was evident. Eventually, he was diagnosed with DISH. Because of coronary artery disease, conservative treatment was considered for him. CONCLUSION: DISH is a rare disorder usually asymptomatic. In this case report, we present a DISH case with progressive dysphagia to solid foods.
Bermudez-Gonzalez JL, Rodríguez-Encinas B, Beverido-Florido ÁM
… +1 more, Gabutti-Thomas JA
Case Rep Radiol
· 2023 · PMID 37727639
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Subcapsular renal hematomas may appear spontaneously in patients in chronic hemodialysis, though other causes as neoplasms, vasculitis, and infections should be excluded. Patients may present with abdominal pain and hemo...Subcapsular renal hematomas may appear spontaneously in patients in chronic hemodialysis, though other causes as neoplasms, vasculitis, and infections should be excluded. Patients may present with abdominal pain and hemorrhagic shock; hence, early diagnosis is vital. Nephrectomy or renal artery embolization are suitable treatment options.
Case Rep Radiol
· 2023 · PMID 37089875
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Primary chest wall hydatid cyst is a very rare disease in endemic areas. This case report describes a 22-year-old male patient with a 3-year history of chronic left chest pain. He had a history of close animal contact in...Primary chest wall hydatid cyst is a very rare disease in endemic areas. This case report describes a 22-year-old male patient with a 3-year history of chronic left chest pain. He had a history of close animal contact in childhood. Chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed a left upper posterior paravertebral cystic mass with peripheral and intrinsic calcifications. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scan showed no significant FDG uptake. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a left paravertebral cystic mass with daughter cysts and a peripheral low T2 wall, compatible with hydatid disease. Medical treatment was started, and a follow-up MRI showed rupture of hydatid cysts. The patient underwent surgical resection, and a hydatid disease diagnosis was confirmed by histopathologic examination. During the postoperative hospital course, the patient developed pneumothorax which was successfully treated with a surgical procedure. The patient was discharged with medical treatment (albendazole). In conclusion, this case highlights the importance of considering hydatid disease in the differential diagnosis of chest wall cystic masses, especially in endemic regions, and the value of multimodality imaging in diagnosis and treatment planning.
Pierro A, Posa A, Iorio L
… +6 more, Tanzilli A, Cucciolillo L, Quinto F, Sciandra M, Iezzi R, Cilla S
Case Rep Radiol
· 2022 · PMID 36518096
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Thoracic aortic rupture may present with subtle clinical and CT-angiography findings. Recognition of the imaging features of early rupture is key for timely diagnosis and treatment. This report presents a new sign of inc...Thoracic aortic rupture may present with subtle clinical and CT-angiography findings. Recognition of the imaging features of early rupture is key for timely diagnosis and treatment. This report presents a new sign of incipient proximal thoracic aortic rupture on CT-angiography.
Goldman-Yassen AE, Derman A, Madan RP
… +1 more, Radmanesh A
Case Rep Radiol
· 2022 · PMID 36046372
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The raccoon roundworm () may infect humans to cause severe or fatal meningoencephalitis, as well as ocular and visceral larva migrans. Young children are at greater risk for cerebral larva migrans with severe meningoenc...The raccoon roundworm () may infect humans to cause severe or fatal meningoencephalitis, as well as ocular and visceral larva migrans. Young children are at greater risk for cerebral larva migrans with severe meningoencephalitis, and early empiric therapy may improve outcomes. Familiarity with characteristic brain imaging findings may prompt earlier diagnosis, particularly in the setting of CSF eosinophilia. We report a case of a 19-month-old boy who presented with truncal ataxia and was found to have peripheral and CSF eosinophilia. MRI demonstrated symmetric, confluent T2 hyperintense signal in the cerebral and cerebellar deep white mater, which helped differentiate meningoencephalitis from other infectious and non-infectious causes of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. Early recognition and treatment of meningoencephalitis are important for improved outcomes, and careful review of neuroimaging can play a critical role in suggesting the diagnosis.
Murasawa E, Matsuda M, Ishiyama K
… +3 more, Shinozaki T, Murata T, Hashimoto M
Case Rep Radiol
· 2022 · PMID 35698584
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We present the case of a 22-year-old man who was diagnosed with tonsillitis and treated with antibiotics. Although the symptoms subsided, 1 week later, he presented with weakness in the lower limbs and was hospitalized....We present the case of a 22-year-old man who was diagnosed with tonsillitis and treated with antibiotics. Although the symptoms subsided, 1 week later, he presented with weakness in the lower limbs and was hospitalized. The weakness in the lower limbs worsened; he developed difficulty speaking and was transferred to our hospital. Laboratory tests showed a white blood cell count of 10,600/L (24% atypical lymphocytes). Positive results were obtained for immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viral capsid antigen. EBV-deoxyribonucleic acid quantification in blood yielded positive results. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a hyperintensity in the spinal cord at the Th11 level of the lower spine on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). In addition, T2WI and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging showed hyperintense lesions on the right cerebral peduncle, bilateral thalami, posterior leg of the left internal capsule, and right corona radiata. We diagnosed acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) with EBV and initiated steroid pulse therapy. Symptoms, along with the lesions seen on MRI, subsequently ameliorated. This case suggests that ADEM can be difficult to diagnose, but careful diagnosis is crucial since appropriate treatment is necessary to improve the symptoms.
Hermans S, Clarysse K, Las DE
… +3 more, de Mey J, Mommaerts MY, De Brucker Y
Case Rep Radiol
· 2022 · PMID 35535304
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Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a low-grade cutaneous sarcoma typically located on the trunk or proximal extremities. Less common locations include the head, face, and neck area. This tumour is slow growing with varia...Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a low-grade cutaneous sarcoma typically located on the trunk or proximal extremities. Less common locations include the head, face, and neck area. This tumour is slow growing with variable clinical appearance. It is known for its locally invasive nature and low metastatic propensity. Because imaging findings are rather nonspecific, biopsy is needed for definite diagnosis. This case describes an unusually large example of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in the less common preauricular region.
Case Rep Radiol
· 2022 · PMID 35265387
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Median raphe cysts are uncommon benign cysts thought to occur due to improper fusion of the genital tubercle and can occur anywhere along the median raphe, from the glans to the anus, most commonly occurring along the ve...Median raphe cysts are uncommon benign cysts thought to occur due to improper fusion of the genital tubercle and can occur anywhere along the median raphe, from the glans to the anus, most commonly occurring along the ventral penile shaft. Limited information is available in the literature about the common imaging features of median raphe cysts with available reports highlighting an avascular cystic lesion. Our case demonstrates a 10-year-old male patient presenting with a ventral penile mass that demonstrated interval growth in the absence of trauma without overlying skin changes. Doppler ultrasound examination demonstrated a solid vascular mass measuring up to 1.6 cm at the ventral aspect of the penis with arterial and venous waveforms. The patient underwent elective resection of the mass which revealed a 2.0 cm inflamed glandular subtype median raphe cyst. This report demonstrates an atypical imaging presentation of an inflamed median raphe cyst, particularly that of a heterogeneous solid mass with arterial and venous blood flow on ultrasound.