Complementary Therapies In Medicine[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Is Baduanjin beneficial and safe for the rehabilitation of patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Liang SB, Li YF, Zhang YY … +6 more , Wei KK, Zhu YS, Robinson N, Liu JP, Wang YF, Li YL
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41839353 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese exercise, is commonly used in China as a rehabilitation intervention for patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) following an acute myocardial inf...
BACKGROUND: Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese exercise, is commonly used in China as a rehabilitation intervention for patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) following an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (AMI-PCI). However, current evidence supporting its application remains limited. OBJECTIVES: To assess the clinical benefits and safety of Baduanjin in the rehabilitation of patients with AMI-PCI. METHODS: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang were systematically searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the therapeutic effects and safety of Baduanjin in patients with AMI-PCI. The search was conducted up to 18 January 2025. Data were analysed using RevMan 5.4. For dichotomous outcomes, effect sizes were expressed as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs); the number needed to treat (NNT) was calculated where appropriate. For continuous outcomes measured on the same scale, the mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used. When outcomes were assessed using different instruments or scales, results were synthesised descriptively. RESULTS: Thirteen studies involving 1293 participants (870 males and 423 females) were identified. Baduanjin significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF [MD = 6.20%, 95% CI (3.14, 9.25), Z = 3.98, P < 0.0001, 1003 participants] and 6-minute walk distance (6-MWD) [MD = 60.21 m, 95% CI (17.96, 102.46), Z = 2.79, P = 0.005, 589 participants]. It also led to clinically meaningful improvements in quality of life (QOL), as measured by the Seattle Angina Questionnaire [MD = 11.36, 95% CI (7.66, 15.06), Z = 6.02, P < 0.00001, 150 participants], the Angina Pectoris Quality of Life Questionnaire [MD = 3.71, 95% CI (0.92, 6.50), Z = 2.61, P = 0.009, 92 participants], and the WHOQOL-BREF [MD = 91.40, 95% CI (90.59, 92.21), Z = 220.28, P < 0.00001, 60 participants]. Significant reductions in anxiety and depression symptoms were observed across multiple instruments: on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, the mean reduction from baseline was greater in the Baduanjin group by 1.40 points [95% CI (0.47, 2.33), Z = 2.95, P = 0.003]; on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale, post-intervention scores were lower in the Baduanjin group by 2.67 points [95% CI (2.20, 3.14), Z = 11.14, P < 0.00001]. Similarly, for depression, the mean reduction from baseline on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was greater by 2.80 points [95% CI (1.63, 3.97), Z = 4.71, P < 0.00001], and post-intervention scores on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were lower by 2.73 points [95% CI (2.25, 3.21), Z = 11.11, P < 0.00001]. Baduanjin did not appear to increase the risk of adverse events and may even reduce the incidence of certain cardiovascular adverse events [15/133 vs. 40/133, RR = 0.40, 95% CI (0.25, 0.65), Z = 3.75, P = 0.0002, NNT = 5]. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence suggests that Baduanjin may provide therapeutic benefits for patients with AMI-PCI, including improvements in cardiac function (LVEF), exercise capacity (6-MWD), QOL, and mental health. Moreover, the practice appears to be safe and may reduce the incidence of certain cardiovascular adverse events. These findings highlight the potential role of Baduanjin in the management and rehabilitation of patients with AMI-PCI, although further well-designed studies are warranted to confirm its efficacy. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD 42025634145 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42025634145).
A pilot study of an 8-week, group-based, chakra-informed kundalini yoga intervention for adolescents and young adults with diabetes: Feasibility, youth outcomes, and caregiver distress.
Lekach AM, Guss D, Chua J … +1 more , Gannon RB
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41833700 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with diabetes experience significant biopsychosocial burden linked to hormonal shifts, HPA‑axis dysregulation, autonomic imbalance, metainflammation, and socio‑emotional str...
BACKGROUND: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with diabetes experience significant biopsychosocial burden linked to hormonal shifts, HPA‑axis dysregulation, autonomic imbalance, metainflammation, and socio‑emotional stress, with heightened challenges among marginalized populations and those with "double diabetes." This pilot evaluated the feasibility of an eight‑week integrative, chakra‑informed yoga program for AYA with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and included caregiver assessments to explore preliminary multidomain outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To assess feasibility and explore preliminary psychological, physiological, relational, and biomarker changes following a developmentally attuned Kundalini yoga program for AYA with diabetes and their caregivers. METHODS: A prospective, single‑arm pilot delivered weekly 90‑minute sessions integrating chakra‑aligned movement, breathwork, mantra, mudras, meditation, journaling, and peer dialogue. Psychological indicators, stress‑regulation markers, relational measures, inflammatory and cardiometabolic biomarkers, glycemic indices, and anthropometrics were collected pre‑intervention, post‑intervention, and three‑month follow‑up. Within‑subject changes were assessed using Wilcoxon signed‑rank tests and Friedman tests. RESULTS: Thirteen AYA (mean age 17.9 ± 1.8 years; 77% Black/African American; 92% type 1 diabetes) and 12 caregivers completed all assessments. Feasibility was high (attendance 84%; retention 100%). Adolescent diabetes distress decreased pre‑to‑post (p < 0.05); caregiver distress decreased pre‑to‑post and at follow‑up (p < 0.01). Adolescent perceived stress (p = 0.03) and serum cortisol (p = 0.02) declined across timepoints. Total cholesterol (p = 0.01) and LDL (p = 0.01) also decreased. CONCLUSIONS: This single‑group pilot supports feasibility and was associated with improvements in psychological distress, stress‑regulation markers, and cardiometabolic indices. Larger controlled trials are warranted to evaluate potential additive benefits alongside standard diabetes care.
Corrigendum to "Effects of line dancing and flexibility training on chronic non-specific low back pain among college students: A randomized controlled trial" [Complementary Ther Med (2026) 103346].
Qu Y, Liu Z, Li J … +1 more , Chan DKC
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41832050 · Publisher ↗
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Effects of Baduanjin exercise in alleviating symptoms of fibromyalgia syndrome: A randomized controlled trial.
Zhang X, Luo J, Zhang H … +4 more , Jiao J, Qu Z, Yin J, Zhang H
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41831529 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Baduanjin exercise has shown promise in improving symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS), though existing studies are often limited by small sample sizes and a reliance on subjective measures....
BACKGROUND: Baduanjin exercise has shown promise in improving symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS), though existing studies are often limited by small sample sizes and a reliance on subjective measures. More robust evidence is needed to further establish its clinical benefits. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of Baduanjin exercise on disease impact, pain, sleep quality, fatigue, and muscle activation in patients with FMS, using both subjective and objective measures. METHODS: This assessor-blinded, two-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted at a university-affiliated hospital in Changchun. Adults with a formal diagnosis of FMS were randomly assigned (1:1) to Baduanjin group or control group. The Baduanjin group engaged in 30 min of supervised Baduanjin exercise daily for 4 weeks, while the control group received standard therapy for the same duration. Assessments were conducted at baseline, week 4, and week 8. The primary outcome was the change in Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) score. Secondary outcomes included Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Widespread Pain Index (WPI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20). Surface electromyography (sEMG) was used as an exploratory measure of muscle activation, quantified by the root mean square (RMS) of the signal. Analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS: Seventy-four participants (mean [SD] age, 47.96 [9.54] years; 41 [55.41%] female) were randomized to the Baduanjin (n = 37) and control (n = 37) groups. At week 4, the Baduanjin group showed a significant improvement in disease impact (FIQR; MD, -4.49 points; P = 0.005), muscle activation (sEMG RMS; MD, +24.9 μV left, +26.4 μV right; P = 0.014 and P = 0.038), pain intensity (VAS; MD, -0.78 points; P = 0.037), pain extent (WPI; MD, -1.91 points; P < 0.001), sleep quality (PSQI; MD, -1.65 points; P = 0.001), and fatigue (MFI-20; MD, -4.74 points; P = 0.001) compared with the control group. At week 8, between-group differences in pain intensity and disease impact were no longer significant, but improvements in pain extent, sleep quality and fatigue persisted in the Baduanjin group. Mild adverse events were reported in both groups, with no serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Baduanjin exercise is a safe and effective non-pharmacological intervention that provides short-term improvements in overall disease burden and multidimensional symptoms in FMS, supporting its use as a complementary mind-body strategy in clinical management. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ITMCTR2025001832.
Reflexology as an integrative and complementary health practice for adults and older adults: A scoping review.
Rojas YLG, Rocha DO, Silva LCMA … +7 more , Santos KVGD, de Oliveira Silva S, Ferreira MT, Dilis ÉO, Macedo HMV, Dantas DV, Dantas RAN
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41831528 · Publisher ↗
Reflexology is a technique involving the application of pressure and massage to reflex points on the feet or hands. These areas correspond to specific bodily organs and systems, thereby promoting homeostasis. The objecti...
Reflexology is a technique involving the application of pressure and massage to reflex points on the feet or hands. These areas correspond to specific bodily organs and systems, thereby promoting homeostasis. The objective of this study was to map the scientific literature regarding the use of reflexology as an Integrative and Complementary Health Practice (ICHP) for adults and the elderly within healthcare services. This scoping review was conducted in September 2025, following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Eight data sources were searched with no restrictions on time or language. The final sample comprised 19 articles. Most studies were conducted in Iran (52.6%) and Turkey (15.7%), with a predominance of foot reflexology (80%) over hand reflexology (20%). Interventions were primarily applied to hospitalized, post-surgical, and oncological patients, demonstrating significant reductions in pain and anxiety in 70% of the studies, alongside improvements in depressive symptoms. While reflexology has shown significant results in promoting well-being and improving vital signs, the lack of standardized protocols compromises comparability across studies. This underscores the need for standardized interventions to ensure greater methodological rigor.
Effects of hip strengthening on postural control and muscle strength in individuals with chronic ankle instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Chen P, Lin X, Zuo H … +2 more , Ye J, Wang L
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41825489 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Despite encouraging findings, research on the therapeutic efficacy of hip strengthening in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) continues to yield conflicting results. PURPOSE: This study aims to...
BACKGROUND: Despite encouraging findings, research on the therapeutic efficacy of hip strengthening in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) continues to yield conflicting results. PURPOSE: This study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of hip strengthening on postural control and muscle strength in individuals with CAI. METHODS: A comprehensive search of five databases was conducted from inception to November 6, 2025 following the guidelines defined by the PRISMA statement. We conducted a meta-analysis using a random-effects model via the metafor package in R software. Subgroup analysis was performed based on comparison types. RESULTS: Nine randomized controlled trials were included. Hip strengthening significantly improved the posteromedial distance (SMD=0.60, 95% CI: 0.22-0.97) and posterolateral distance (SMD=0.55, 95% CI: 0.15-0.96) in the Star excursion balance test (SEBT), Cumberland ankle instability tool scores (MD=1.54, 95% CI: 0.86-2.24), and hip abductor muscle strength (SMD=0.72, 95% CI: 0.17-1.26). Subgroup analysis results demonstrated that combining hip strengthening with ankle rehabilitation significantly improved SEBT distances, whereas isolated hip strengthening showed no superior effect to either the blank control group or ankle rehabilitation training alone. CONCLUSION: Hip strengthening improves postural control and muscle strength in individuals with CAI. Notably, the application of hip strengthening combined with ankle rehabilitation training is beneficial for postural control, whereas standalone hip strengthening yields no additional benefits. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to the limited number of studies, small sample sizes, and low quality of the evidence.
Effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy for dementia patients: An evidence mapping of randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.
Zhu Q, Zhang H, Zhao H … +3 more , Lu J, Su S, Zheng Z
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41825488 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Dementia is a multi-domain disorder syndrome characterized by progressive cognitive decline. At present, there is insufficient evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of animal-assisted therapy for dementi...
BACKGROUND: Dementia is a multi-domain disorder syndrome characterized by progressive cognitive decline. At present, there is insufficient evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of animal-assisted therapy for dementia. This study aims to identify, describe, evaluate, and summarize the currently available controlled trial evidence on animal-assisted therapy for dementia, using an evidence map to identify evidence gaps. METHODS: The system searched 9 databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Clinical Key, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, CQVIP, and SinoMed) from the time of inception to December 18, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on animal-assisted therapy for dementia or its complications were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool. A bubble plot evidence map was developed to visually summarize evidence across predefined dimensions (e.g., intervention type, outcome domain, effect direction, and study quality). Existing systematic reviews were consulted for background/context only. RESULTS: A total of 29 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Many published RCTs had limitations such as suboptimal study design and small sample sizes, resulting in concerns about risk of bias and heterogeneity. The evidence map suggests that AAT may improve neuropsychiatric symptoms and selected patient-centered outcomes (e.g., quality of life and functional independence); however, findings varied across outcomes. CONCLUSION: Evidence suggests Animal-assisted therapy may improve neuropsychiatric symptoms and some patient-centered outcomes in dementia, but study quality is low and heterogeneity high; findings should be interpreted cautiously and confirmed in well-designed, adequately powered trials.
Quality-of-life improvements following balneotherapy with hydrogen sulfide-rich thermal waters: A retrospective analysis with exploratory assessment of mineral contributions.
Ferrara E, Scaramuzzino M, Murmura G … +2 more , Balice G, Sinjari B
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41819500 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Saturnia thermal waters contain distinctive calcium-sulfate-hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) composition with documented therapeutic applications. However, which specific mineral components contribute to clinical benef...
BACKGROUND: Saturnia thermal waters contain distinctive calcium-sulfate-hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) composition with documented therapeutic applications. However, which specific mineral components contribute to clinical benefits remains unknown. We examined quality-of-life improvements under different exposure protocols and conducted exploratory assessment to identify potentially active mineral constituents. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 190 adult patients undergoing balneotherapy at Saturnia Thermal Center (2016-2023), stratified into acute (single 2-3-hour session, n = 114) and sustained exposure (3-14 days, n = 76) groups. Primary outcomes were SF-36 Physical Component Summary and WHOQOL-BREF physical domain. Secondary outcomes were pain (VAS) and dermatological quality (DLQI). Geochemical composition was characterized using published analytical data (H₂S: 14.0 ± 1.2 mg/L; SO₄²⁻: 1475 ± 5 mg/L; Ca²⁺: 561 ± 39 mg/L). Given that all participants received water from the same stable source, we employed literature-based exploratory analysis combining mechanistic plausibility, clinical evidence at comparable concentrations, and cross-study comparisons to identify which mineral components warrant priority investigation as potential therapeutic mediators. RESULTS: Both groups showed significant improvements in SF-36 PCS (overall Δ=11.7 points, 95% CI: 9.8-13.6, d=0.67) and WHOQOL-BREF physical domain (Δ=18.4 points, 95% CI: 15.2-21.6, d=0.85). Sustained exposure demonstrated superior outcomes compared to acute exposure (mean difference: 4.4 points, 95% CI: 2.1-6.7, p < 0.001). Exploratory assessment identified hydrogen sulfide as the mineral component with strongest theoretical basis for observed therapeutic effects (priority score: 10/10), based on well-established anti-inflammatory mechanisms, therapeutic concentration range (Saturnia: 14.0 mg/L; literature therapeutic range: 5-50 mg/L), and suggestive cross-study patterns linking higher H₂S concentrations with larger effect sizes. No serious adverse events occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Exploratory mechanistic analysis identified hydrogen sulfide as the most biologically plausible active component and highest-priority target for future controlled studies. However, our single-source design cannot establish causality or component-specific effects. Prospective trials comparing thermal waters with systematically varied H₂S concentrations are needed to validate this hypothesis and establish optimal therapeutic parameters.
Effectiveness of aerobic exercise in fibromyalgia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Yuan W, Yan P, Gao F … +2 more , Liu N, Zou Y
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41812772 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Fibromyalgia is a chronic syndrome characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, depressive symptoms, and sleep disturbances, with substantial impairment in quality of life. Aerobic exercise is...
INTRODUCTION: Fibromyalgia is a chronic syndrome characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, depressive symptoms, and sleep disturbances, with substantial impairment in quality of life. Aerobic exercise is widely recommended as a non-pharmacological management strategy, and evidence supports benefits for both physical and psychological outcomes. However, comparative evidence on different exercise modalities remains limited. This study aimed to compare the effects of various exercise interventions on overall health status, pain intensity, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality in patients with fibromyalgia using a network meta-analysis (NMA). METHODS: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched from inception to February 7, 2025, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). An NMA was conducted to compare Baduanjin, dance, Pilates, swimming, Tai Chi, walking, yoga, and Liuzijue in patients with fibromyalgia. Effect sizes were estimated using random-effects models, and risk of bias was independently assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata 15.0 and R 4.4.0. RESULTS: Twenty randomized controlled trials involving 1196 patients with fibromyalgia and eight aerobic exercise interventions were included. In relative-effect comparisons versus control, swimming showed the greatest improvement in overall health status (MD = -23.36; 95% CI [-40.77, -4.32]). Liuzijue showed the greatest benefit for pain intensity (MD = -3.69; 95% CI [-5.37, -2.02]) and was also most likely to improve sleep quality (MD = -5.29; 95% CI [-8.98, -1.64]). For depressive symptoms, walking had the highest treatment-ranking probability; however, its estimated effect versus control was not statistically significant (MD = -5.99; 95% CI [-14.67, 2.74]). CONCLUSIONS: Among single-form aerobic exercise interventions for fibromyalgia, swimming appeared to provide the greatest improvement in overall health status, while Liuzijue showed favorable effects on pain reduction and sleep quality. Walking ranked highest for depressive symptoms, but the evidence for its effect was uncertain. These findings support consideration of selected aerobic exercise modalities as complementary non-pharmacological options in fibromyalgia management, while further high-quality RCTs are needed to strengthen the evidence.
Effect of Prolong Life With Nine Turn Method on chronic fatigue syndrome clinical symptoms and roles of gut microbiota: A exploratory randomized controlled trial.
Cui J, Xie F, Gu Y … +6 more , Yue H, Xie C, Han H, Wu Z, Wang G, Yao F
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41806958 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Traditional Chinese Qigong exercises (Prolong Life With Nine Turn Method) are beneficial for fatigue, gastrointestinal symptoms and intestinal gut microbiota status in patients with CFS, but the evidence for...
BACKGROUND: Traditional Chinese Qigong exercises (Prolong Life With Nine Turn Method) are beneficial for fatigue, gastrointestinal symptoms and intestinal gut microbiota status in patients with CFS, but the evidence for this method is limited. This trial was designed to observe whether PLWNT Qigong exercise can improve fatigue and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with CFS and regulate intestinal gut microbiota disorders. METHODS: This study is a 8-week, non-inferiority, analyst-blinded randomized clinical trial. A total of 96 patients with CFS were recruited, patients in the cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) group and the PLWNT group received a total of 8 weeks treatment sessions. The primary outcome was the change in the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (MFI-20) from baseline to week 8. Secondary outcomes included scores of MFI-20 subtype scale and Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) scale at 4 and 8 weeks, and changes of gut microbiota at 8 weeks. RESULTS: At week 8, the average difference between the total score of MFI-20 and the baseline score in the PLWNT group was -12.02(95%CI, -15.88 to -8.17). Compared with the baseline score, the changes in MFI-20 subtype scores, GSRS subtype scores and α diversity differences in the PLWNT group were statistically significant. Compared with the CBT group, there was no significant difference in the changes of MFI-20, GSRS, α diversity and β diversity in the PLWNT group. CONCLUSIONS: PLWNT showed potential beneficial effects on fatigue and gastrointestinal symptoms in CFS patients, and this improvement was accompanied by changes in gut microbiota. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2200056530; Registered 07 February 2022, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=151456.
Effectiveness of meditation in the management of epilepsy: An updated mini systematic review of recent findings.
Singh MJ, Yadav SS, Somanadhapai S … +1 more , Buoli M
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41806957 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by altered cortical excitability. The disorder is often associated with psychological distress and reduced quality of life. The purpose of the present...
BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by altered cortical excitability. The disorder is often associated with psychological distress and reduced quality of life. The purpose of the present review is to critically summarize the evidence on the effectiveness of meditation-based interventions for people with epilepsy. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published in English between January 2020 and May 2025. Five studies met the inclusion criteria (two randomized controlled trials, two open-label studies and one case report). RESULTS: Most studies reported significant improvements in depression, anxiety, concentration and quality of life following meditation interventions. Neurophysiological investigations demonstrated modulation of gamma power, beta burst duration, and interictal epileptiform discharges, suggesting a potential stabilizing effect on neural networks. However, evidence regarding seizure frequency reduction was inconsistent and generally not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Meditation appears to be a promising adjunctive therapy for improving psychological well-being and potentially modulating cortical excitability in epilepsy. Future well-powered randomized controlled trials with standardized protocols and longer follow-up are warranted to confirm these findings and explore effects on seizure control.
Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an online yoga program for managing symptoms of post-treatment lyme disease syndrome.
Brown A, Mamat Z, Mahoney LA … +1 more , Bayley PJ
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41796643 · Publisher ↗
We evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of a 12-week synchronous online yoga program for managing post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) symptoms, focusing on pain, physical functioning, and cognitive performance...
We evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of a 12-week synchronous online yoga program for managing post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) symptoms, focusing on pain, physical functioning, and cognitive performance. Thirteen participants with PTLDS (aged 21-60 years; 92% female) participated in 75-minute weekly sessions led by certified yoga instructors, with 15-20 min of daily homework on five non-treatment days. Outcome measures included the Health-Related Quality of Life - Short Form (SF-36), Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). The primary feasibility goals were met with a retention rate of 92.50%, treatment adherence of 82.70%, and a treatment satisfaction score of 3.4/4. The missing data rate was low at 3.90%. Significant improvements were observed in pain levels, as indicated by the SF-36 pain scale (t[11] = -3.19, p = 0.01, d = -0.92), and pain interference significantly decreased during daily activities, as measured by the BPI (t[11] = 2.61, p = 0.02, d = 0.75). Participants also reported fewer physical limitations during personal activities (t[11] = -2.46, p = 0.03, d = -0.71; SF-36). Cognitive improvement was indicated by a significant reduction in errors on the CANTAB Spatial Working Memory task (t[8] = 3.11, p = 0.02, d = 1.04). Online yoga is feasible and associated with significant reductions in pain, improved physical functioning, and enhanced cognitive performance among participants with PTLDS. These findings suggest that online yoga may be a scalable, accessible, and effective intervention for managing PTLDS symptoms.
Foods rich in anti-inflammatory components and anti-inflammatory supplements for the prevention and treatment of Sarcopenia in older adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Li S, Li J, Ren K … +4 more , Yang X, Yu X, Zhao Q, Huang H
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41796642 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Dietary anti-inflammatory interventions have shown promise in the prevention and management of sarcopenia. However, the efficacy of various anti-inflammatory diets/supplements in improving muscle stren...
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Dietary anti-inflammatory interventions have shown promise in the prevention and management of sarcopenia. However, the efficacy of various anti-inflammatory diets/supplements in improving muscle strength, mass, and physical performance in patients with sarcopenia remains unclear. The objective of this study was to systematically assess the efficacy of various anti-inflammatory supplements in alleviating symptoms in patients with sarcopenia, thereby providing robust evidence to inform clinical practice and nutritional recommendations. METHODS: This study systematically searched 11 Chinese and English databases in August 2025 to include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the intervention effects of anti-inflammatory diets or supplements on elderly patients with sarcopenia. Primary outcomes included handgrip strength, gait speed, the five times sit-to-stand test (FTSST), and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). Secondary outcomes included the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score, fat-free mass (FFM), and laboratory parameters (triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and C-reactive protein). For primary outcomes, both pairwise and network meta-analyses were performed to compare the effects of different interventions. For secondary outcomes, only pairwise meta-analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Finally, 42 randomized controlled trials were included, involving 3063 elderly patients with sarcopenia, covering seven categories of anti-inflammatory supplements: combined supplements (combinations of at least two anti-inflammatory supplements), amino acids, whey protein, β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), Vitamin D, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and epicatechin. Network meta-analysis results indicated that whey protein (SMD=0.78, 95% CI: 0.07, 1.48), vitamin D (SMD=1.44, 95% CI: 0.76, 2.11), and Epicatechin (SMD=2.44, 95% CI: 1.69, 3.18) are the most effective measures to improve handgrip strength, gait speed, and ASMI, respectively. For FTSST, a significant improvement was only found for combined supplements in the pairwise meta-analysis (SMD = -0.34, 95% CI: -0.63, -0.05). Notably, combined supplements demonstrated positive trends in improving handgrip strength, gait speed, FTSST, and ASMI. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that anti-inflammatory supplements are effective in enhancing muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical function among sarcopenic patients. Combined supplementation strategies were identified as the most favorable intervention for achieving comprehensive improvement. It is recommended to develop personalized and multi-target nutritional intervention strategies based on the needs of patients with sarcopenia.
Acute blood pressure responses and safety considerations in heat therapy interventions: A narrative review.
Yamasaki S, Tokunou T, Kashiwado Y … +2 more , Makishi M, Horiuchi T
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41794190 · Publisher ↗
Hypertension is a major global cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and acute blood pressure (BP) responses to heat therapy are often assumed to be benign. However, the safety of heat therapy in medicated and...
Hypertension is a major global cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and acute blood pressure (BP) responses to heat therapy are often assumed to be benign. However, the safety of heat therapy in medicated and frail older adults remains unclear. This review synthesizes evidence for acute (≤24-hour) BP responses and safety considerations during heat therapy, with a focus on older adults and beta-blocker users. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science Core Collection, Ichushi-Web) and relevant clinical trial registries were searched to 13 March 2024 for human studies published in English or Japanese, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), crossover studies, non-randomized interventions, and observational studies. Two RCTs, one crossover study, seven non-randomized interventional studies, and 11 observational studies including participants aged 18-94 years were included. Across modalities, namely, saunas, mineral hot spring bathing, hot water immersion, and mudpack therapy, systolic BP reductions of approximately 11-27 mmHg within 24 h were reported. However, most studies lacked control groups and showed marked heterogeneity in populations, temperatures, timing of exposure, and outcome assessment. A few small studies suggested greater BP reductions among beta-blocker users. Serious acute adverse events were rare, but few studies specifically targeted adults aged ≥ 65 years or systematically reported comorbidities and background antihypertensive therapy. Heat therapy consistently induced transient reductions in BP. The long-term antihypertensive efficacy of heat therapy is unproven, and safety margins in frail older adults and beta-blocker users remain insufficiently defined, underscoring the need for standardized protocols and high-quality RCTs.
Lifestyle interventions as adjuvant treatments for depression: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Gonzalez-Garcia X, Garcia A, García-Pazo P … +3 more , Bennasar-Veny M, Yañez AM, García-Toro M
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41794189 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Depression is a high-prevalent mental health disorder that significantly affects quality of life and remains a leading global contributor to disability. Although pharmacological and psychological intervention...
BACKGROUND: Depression is a high-prevalent mental health disorder that significantly affects quality of life and remains a leading global contributor to disability. Although pharmacological and psychological interventions are effective, many patients fail to achieve complete remission of depressive symptoms. Current evidence suggests that lifestyle-based interventions may offer a promising strategy as an adjuvant treatment for depression. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle-based interventions as adjuvant treatments for reducing depressive symptoms in adults. METHODS: We conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating lifestyle-based interventions for adults with depression. Searches were performed in Medline/PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus from inception to March 2025. The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024420246). Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality using AMSTAR-2, with discrepancies resolved through discussion with a third author. Findings were synthesised narratively. RESULTS: Forty-six systematic reviews were included. Exercise interventions showed the most consistent antidepressant effects, particularly supervised moderate-intensity aerobic and resistance training. Mind-body therapies demonstrated moderate-to-large benefits, especially in older adults. Dietary interventions showed small-to-moderate benefits and multicomponent interventions yielded small short-term effects, although their effectiveness was limited by heterogeneity and follow-up decline. The methodological quality was predominantly low in the included reviews. CONCLUSIONS: Lifestyle-based adjuvant interventions show relevant antidepressant effects, particularly supervised moderate aerobic exercise and mind-body therapies. However, heterogeneity and low methodological quality limit conclusions, highlighting the need for robust trials to define optimal dosing, durability, and effectiveness.
Synergistic effect of long-term L-citruline supplementation combined with exercise on body composition in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Wang W, Cai S, Liu K … +1 more , Luo P
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41786156 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to systematically evaluate the synergistic effects of long-term supplementation of L-citrulline combined with exercise on body composition in adults through a meta-analysis. METHODS: This study...
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to systematically evaluate the synergistic effects of long-term supplementation of L-citrulline combined with exercise on body composition in adults through a meta-analysis. METHODS: This study primarily summarized and analyzed outcome indicators including body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), body fat (BF) (including fat mass [FM] and body fat percentage [BFP]), android fat mass (AFM), gynoid fat mass (GFM), and total lean mass (TLM). Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan (Version 5.4) software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. For continuous variables, the pooled effect sizes were expressed as standardized mean differences (SMD) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: A total of 9 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included that investigated the effects of long-term supplementation of L-citrulline combined with exercise on body composition in adults. The results indicated that, compared to exercise alone, L-citrulline supplementation combined with exercise significantly improved BF (SMD = -0.21, 95% CI: -0.40 to -0.01, P = 0.03) and AFM (SMD = -0.32, 95% CI: -0.57 to -0.07, P = 0.01). However, no significant effects were observed on BW (SMD = -0.01, 95% CI: -0.27-0.25, P = 0.95), BMI (SMD = 0.01, 95% CI: -0.31-0.33, P = 0.93), GFM (SMD = -0.17, 95% CI: -0.42-0.08, P = 0.18), and TLM (SMD = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.23-0.19, P = 0.83). CONCLUSION: This study is the first to demonstrate through a meta-analysis that long-term supplementation of L-citrulline combined with exercise can synergistically improve BF and AFM in adults.
Effects of line dancing and flexibility training on chronic non-specific low back pain among college students: A randomized controlled trial.
Qu Y, Liu Z, Li J … +1 more , Chan DKC
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41786155 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Chronic non-specific low back pain is increasingly common among young adults, yet optimal exercise interventions remain unclear. This study compared two therapies: line dancing-Baduanjin (LD-B), a culturally...
OBJECTIVES: Chronic non-specific low back pain is increasingly common among young adults, yet optimal exercise interventions remain unclear. This study compared two therapies: line dancing-Baduanjin (LD-B), a culturally integrated aerobic exercise, and flexibility training (FT) targeting thoracic and hip mobility. We evaluated their biopsychosocial effects on college students to inform precision-based exercise strategies. METHODS: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted with 84 college students. Participants were assigned to LD-B (n = 23), FT (n = 24), or control (n = 20) groups. LD-B and FT groups received 32 sessions. Various treatment outcomes (pain intensity, functional disability, and dynamic balance) and psychosocial outcomes (affective status, quality of life, and social support) were assessed before the intervention and after the 8-week intervention. RESULTS: Significant interaction effects were observed across all the outcomes (p < .01). (1) Treatment outcomes: Both the LD-B and FT groups showed significant improvements in dynamic balance, pain intensity, and functional disability (p < .001). Only dynamic balance favored FT over LD-B (p < .05). (2) Psychosocial outcomes: LD-B demonstrated greater improvements in affective status (p < .001) and mental component summary of quality of life (p = .001), whereas FT improved the physical component summary (p = .007). Social support increased significantly only in the LD-B group (p = .002). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that both LD-B and FT effectively improved chronic non-specific low back pain among college students. Crucially, while equally alleviating pain intensity and functional disability, LD-B uniquely enhanced psychosocial well-being, whereas FT resulted in superior gains in balance function. LD-B's distinct efficacy positions it as a cost-effective, group-based intervention warranting integration into health initiatives for chronic non-specific low back pain management.
Effect of osteopathic vs sham treatment and test-retest improvements on smooth pursuit eye movements.
Wogue R, Paire A, Cornille C … +4 more , Pillevesse I, Demoury L, Gharmaoui M, Paeye C
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41786154 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: While positive impacts of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) on the human visual system have long been proposed, even in individuals without visual or oculomotor symptoms, scientific evidence supporting...
OBJECTIVE: While positive impacts of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) on the human visual system have long been proposed, even in individuals without visual or oculomotor symptoms, scientific evidence supporting this hypothesis remains insufficient. This randomized, three-arm parallel clinical trial aimed to compare the effects of OMT vs. sham OMT and test-retest improvements on ocular pursuit. METHODS: 145 participants aged 18-35 years were randomly assigned to one of three groups: an experimental OMT group (n = 53), a sham OMT group (n = 51), or a no-treatment control group that received no manual contact (n = 54). The experimental intervention consisted of a single OMT session delivered by an osteopathic practitioner. The proportion and latency of smooth pursuit eye movements (slow, continuous eye movements that follow a visual target) were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Overall, the mean proportion of smooth pursuit eye movements increased slightly but significantly in both the experimental OMT group (by 0.78%; 95% CI, 0.24-1.33) and the control group (by 1.2%; 95% CI, 0.64-1.75). Pursuit latencies decreased by 12 ms (95% CI, 1.2-22.9) and 24.1 ms (95% CI, 13.6-34.5), in these same groups, respectively. Importantly, there was no evidence of between-group differences for either outcome (P = .12 and P = .11). CONCLUSION: The observed enhancements in ocular pursuit quality may be attributable to test-retest benefits. Further clinical trials involving older participants or patients with oculomotor impairments should be conducted to clarify potential clinical implications.
Efficacy of Clematis chinensis Osbeck extract mouthwash as a complementary therapy for halitosis: A randomized, double-blind controlled trial.
Kim YR, Nam SH
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41771359 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Chlorhexidine is a standard agent for halitosis control but has notable adverse effects; therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Clematis chinensis Osbeck (C. chinensis Osbeck) extract...
BACKGROUND: Chlorhexidine is a standard agent for halitosis control but has notable adverse effects; therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Clematis chinensis Osbeck (C. chinensis Osbeck) extract mouthwash on halitosis and related oral bacteria in comparison with chlorhexidine and saline. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial included 67 participants who were assigned to saline, chlorhexidine, or C. chinensis Osbeck extract mouthwash groups. After professional scaling and a 1-week stabilization period, participants rinsed with 15 mL of the assigned solution four times daily for 2 weeks. Halitosis parameters (oral and exhaled gas levels), salivary ammonia, and nine halitosis-associated bacterial species were measured at baseline, week 1, and week 2. Statistical analyses were performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's HSD post hoc test, with significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Both chlorhexidine and C. chinensis Osbeck groups showed significant reductions in perceived halitosis and salivary ammonia (p < 0.05). Only C. chinensis Osbeck group produced significant improvements in Halimeter oral and exhaled gas measures at week 2 (p < 0.05). Bacterial analyses revealed no changes with saline; chlorhexidine group significantly decreased Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia) and Tannerella forsythia (T. forsythia). The C. chinensis Osbeck group exhibited significant reductions in eight species-Porphyromonas gingivalis, T. forsythia, Treponema denticola, P. intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Campylobacter rectus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Actinomyces viscosus-evident by week 1 and more pronounced by week 2 CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that a C. chinensis Osbeck extract-based mouthwash effectively reduces halitosis and suppresses a broad spectrum of halitosis-associated oral pathogens.
Effects of pain neuroscience education plus resistance training on pain, disability, and sensitization in women with fibromyalgia syndrome: A randomized controlled trial.
Rodríguez-Domínguez ÁJ, Villa-Del-Pino I, Jiménez-Rejano JJ … +3 more , Chillón-Martínez R, Cardellat-González M, Rebollo-Salas M
Complement Ther Med · 2026 Jun · PMID 41771358 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterized by widespread pain, disability, and central sensitization (CS)-related symptoms. Although exercise is strongly recommended, uncertainty remains about...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterized by widespread pain, disability, and central sensitization (CS)-related symptoms. Although exercise is strongly recommended, uncertainty remains about the most effective modality and the added value of pain neuroscience education (PNE). This study aimed to compare the effects of PNE combined with resistance training (PNE+RT) versus aerobic and flexibility exercise (AE+FE) on pain, disability, and CS-related symptoms in women with FMS. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in a university clinical setting. Sixty women with FMS (mean age 50 years) were randomized using a concealed, computer-generated sequence to PNE+RT (n = 30) or AE+FE (n = 30). Both groups completed a 12-week program (three sessions/week); the experimental group received six PNE sessions. Primary outcomes were pain intensity, disability, and CS-related symptoms assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 1, 3, and 6 months. Secondary outcomes included maximum handgrip strength (MHS), pressure pain threshold (PPT), and stiffness. Between-group and time effects were analyzed using mixed ANOVA. RESULTS: PNE+RT yielded significant, clinically meaningful reductions in pain (p < 0.001, ηₚ²=0.227), and improvements in PPT (p < 0.001; large effects in trapezius ηₚ²=0.222-0.217, quadriceps ηₚ²=0.122-0.098) and MHS (p < 0.01, ηₚ²=0.152), with time×group interactions favoring PNE+RT. Both groups improved in disability (p < 0.01, ηₚ²=0.235) and CS-related symptoms (p < 0.001, ηₚ²=0.255) without between-group differences. No changes occurred in stiffness. No adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS: PNE+RT is as effective as AE+FE in women with FMS for improving pain intensity, disability, and CS-related symptoms. However, PNE+RT appears to provide additional clinical benefits in pain sensitivity and muscle strength. These results support clinical guidelines and emphasize considering patient preferences when selecting programs.
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