Arab Journal Of Gastroenterology[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
The clock is ticking: Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy following percutaneous cholecystostomy.
Canbak T, Gedik M, Tekeşin K … +3 more , Ağaçkıran A, Acar A, Başak F
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41219077 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The optimal timing for laparoscopic cholecystectomy following percutaneous cholecystostomy remains a subject of considerable debate, and there is conflicting evidence regarding its impact on clinical outcomes...
BACKGROUND: The optimal timing for laparoscopic cholecystectomy following percutaneous cholecystostomy remains a subject of considerable debate, and there is conflicting evidence regarding its impact on clinical outcomes. The aim of this retrospective study is to provide evidence-based insights to optimize the management of gallbladder diseases by comparing early versus delayed cholecystectomy after initial percutaneous drainage. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 43 patients who underwent percutaneous cholecystostomy followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy between November 2016 and December 2022. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (early cholecystectomy) underwent surgery within eight weeks of cholecystostomy, and Group 2 (delayed cholecystectomy) underwent surgery after eight weeks. We compared the demographic characteristics, comorbidities, conversion rates, and postoperative outcomes between the two groups. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in regard to median age, gender distribution, prevalence of comorbidities, or rates of conversion to open surgery (p = 0.999). However, patients in the delayed cholecystectomy group (Group 2) had a higher incidence of high-grade postoperative complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. CONCLUSION: While the overall complication and hospital readmission rates were similar between early and delayed cholecystectomy groups, the observed increase in high-grade complications in the delayed-surgery group underscores the necessity for individualized patient management. The clock is ticking: Optimal timing requires a tailored approach that considers patient-specific factors rather than adherence to a rigid timeframe. Larger prospective studies are important for establishing definitive guidelines. Clinicians should employ a multidisciplinary patient-centered strategy to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
Therapeutic potential of Ruta graveolens extract: Protecting against liver fibrosis and oxidative stress in cholestatic conditions in male Wistar rats.
Samkhaniani E, Ale-Ebrahim M, Hajikhani R … +2 more , Mortazavi P, Alibeik H
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2026 Feb · PMID 41213854 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: This study investigates the therapeutic potential of Ruta graveolens, a dicot herb known for its antioxidant properties, in protecting against oxidative stress and liver fibrosis caused by bile...
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: This study investigates the therapeutic potential of Ruta graveolens, a dicot herb known for its antioxidant properties, in protecting against oxidative stress and liver fibrosis caused by bile duct ligation (BDL). The research focused on assessing the biochemical and histological effects of Ruta graveolens extract on male Wistar rats subjected to BDL. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups (n = 5): a control group, control experimental groups receiving three doses of Ruta graveolens extract (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) without BDL, a BDL group, and BDL groups treated with the extract at the similar doses for 45 days. Liver function indicators, antioxidant enzymes, and fibrosis were analyzed using biochemical assays, histopathological staining, and quantitative real-time PCR to evaluate TGF-β and α-SMA gene expression. HPLC analysis was also conducted to identify the bioactive compounds in the extract. RESULTS: The HPLC results uncovered substantial compounds, including rutin, syringic acid, verbascoside, methoxsalen, cinnamoyl, coumaroyl, and chalepensin. Treatment with Ruta graveolens extract notably reversed the detrimental effects of BDL, significantly improving lipid profiles by lowering cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels while increasing HDL. Further, liver enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels were reduced. Histological evaluation exhibited decreased liver impairment and inflammation at higher extract doses, besides downregulation of TGF-β and α-SMA expression. CONCLUSION: The current findings suggest that Ruta graveolens extract improves liver function in cholestatic conditions in a dose-dependent manner, indicating its potential as a protective treatment for liver diseases.
Effects of gluten-free diet on metabolic syndrome components and anthropometric indices in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: An open-label randomized clinical trial.
Jazayeri M, Zarrin R, Mohammadi A … +2 more , Pashaei MR, Ahmadpour S
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2026 Feb · PMID 41213853 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: There is no approved medication to rescue fat build-up in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Some medications have been used to reduce the symptoms of these patients. In th...
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: There is no approved medication to rescue fat build-up in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Some medications have been used to reduce the symptoms of these patients. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of a gluten-free diet (GFD) on hepatic steatosis (HS), the lipid profile, blood pressure (BP), fasting blood sugar (FBS) and anthropometric indices in patients with NAFLD within 3 months of intervention. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study is an open-label, randomized clinical trial of 60 patients with NAFLD who were referred to the gastrointestinal (GI) clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. Patients were randomly divided into two groups and classified into two groups: group I or the control group (follows lifestyle change training) and group II (follows both lifestyle change training and the GFD. The parameter variations, including body mass index (BMI), FBS, lipid profile, liver function test (LFT), waist circumference (WC), BP and grade of HS, were recorded and compared between the start of the study and 3 months after the intervention. SPSS statistics 25 software was used for data analysis, and the significance level was considered at the level of P < 0.05. RESULTS: After the 3-month intervention, both groups showed significant within-group improvements in most anthropometric and metabolic measures, likely reflecting the impact of lifestyle modification. However, when comparing outcomes between groups, only the FBS and triglyceride (TG) levels were significantly lower in the GFD group than in the control group, whereas the changes in all other parameters were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSION: In this trial, incorporating a GFD alongside lifestyle change training led to significant improvements in FBS and TG levels, whereas other parameters improved similarly in both groups.
Innovative approaches in HELICOBACTER pylori therapy: Clinical trials and advancements in Gastro-Retentive drug delivery systems.
Pandey P, Sil D, Komal KM … +1 more , Kumar M
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41206255 · Publisher ↗
HELICOBACTER PYLORI (H. PYLORI) identified in 1982, infects more than half of the world's population and is a major cause of gastrointestinal issues like gastritis, peptic ulcers, and an elevated risk of stomach cancer....
HELICOBACTER PYLORI (H. PYLORI) identified in 1982, infects more than half of the world's population and is a major cause of gastrointestinal issues like gastritis, peptic ulcers, and an elevated risk of stomach cancer. The infection triggers chronic gastritis through the immune response and bacterial toxins such as VacA and CagA, which harm the stomach lining. This persistent inflammation can lead to peptic ulcers by compromising the protective mucous barrier, allowing stomach acid to create lesions. Prolonged infection with more aggressive strains increases the likelihood of gastric cancer by sustaining inflammation and causing genetic changes in stomach cells. Various symptoms related to gastric inflammation include upper abdominal discomfort, bloating, loss of appetite, nausea, and heartburn. The conventional treatment involves a triple therapy regimen combining Rabeprazole, Amoxicillin, and Clarithromycin with the effectiveness of 10-day versus 14-day courses. However, these treatments come with major drawbacks such as quick elimination of a drug from gastrointestinal tract, short half-life and drug resistance. To overcome all these challenges, there is a need for an alternative approach to deliver drugs. In this review, the pathophysiology of H. PYLORI along with its relationship with gut microbe has been discussed. Further, it also includes conventional treatment, its drawbacks and alternative treatment approaches available. Additionally, it also discussed about various clinical trials that have been reported for the treatment of H. PYLORI.
Perianal mass: gout as the etiology (with a case report).
Chen D, Wu X
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41206254 · Publisher ↗
Perianal gouty tophi represent a common condition manifesting in a rare site. Due to its rarity in clinical practice, this condition is highly prone to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. This paper presents a deta...
Perianal gouty tophi represent a common condition manifesting in a rare site. Due to its rarity in clinical practice, this condition is highly prone to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. This paper presents a detailed report of a middle-aged male patient who was misdiagnosed with perianal abscess. We performed a resection of the perianal mass and debridement and drainage under spinal anesthesia, and the subsequent histopathological examination clearly confirmed the diagnosis of perianal tophi. Conclusion: the perianal masses can also be caused by gout. Although the perianal area is not a common site for tophus formation, in such cases, it is difficult to clearly determine that gout is the cause through common imaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound.
Antithrombotic therapy may be associated with earlier colon cancer detection: a retrospective study.
Protopapas AA, Kyritsi V, Trypaki E … +6 more , Protopapa N, Filippidis A, Papagiouvanni I, Chamalidou EP, Savopoulos C, Protopapas AN
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41203458 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Patients diagnosed with colon cancer after a bleeding episode are often receiving antithrombotic therapy (AT), indicating a potential link between AT and the timing of diagnosis. Our study aims...
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Patients diagnosed with colon cancer after a bleeding episode are often receiving antithrombotic therapy (AT), indicating a potential link between AT and the timing of diagnosis. Our study aims to investigate the possibility that the administration of AT contributes, through the early onset of symptoms, to the early diagnosis of colon cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients being treated for colon cancer were analyzed retrospectively. Patients diagnosed after screening colonoscopy or other screening modalities were omitted. RESULTS: 171 patients were included. Most patients were diagnosed with cancer stage III (66, 38.6 %) and II (47, 27.5 %). Fifty-five patients were receiving AT (32.2 %), while 54 (31.6) and 44 (25.7) patients presented with a bleeding event or anemia, respectively. A statistically significant association was observed between the use of AT and an earlier cancer stage at diagnosis (p = 0.002). 87.3 % of patients receiving AT were diagnosed with non-metastatic cancer, compared to 67.2 % of patients not receiving AT. Patients diagnosed after a bleeding episode or onset of anemia while receiving AT had an earlier stage of disease at diagnosis than the rest (p < 0.001), with 94.9 % of them being diagnosed with non-metastatic cancer, compared to 68.2 % of patients in other groups. CONCLUSIONS: The use of antithrombotic drugs may lead to an earlier diagnosis of colon cancer due to the earlier appearance of complications such as bleeding or anemia. Therefore, the appearance of bleeding in these patients, despite the initial morbidity, may turn out in the long term to be a critical event that allows early diagnosis and treatment.
Genome-wide identification of abnormal alternative splicing and RBP regulators in intestinal failure-associated liver disease.
Zhang T, Wang X, Yang S … +1 more , Li H
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2026 Feb · PMID 41203457 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Prolonged or inappropriate use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) may lead to the development of intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD), which causes significant morbidity in TPN...
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Prolonged or inappropriate use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) may lead to the development of intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD), which causes significant morbidity in TPN recipients. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Transcriptomic data of liver samples from Sprague‒Dawley rats treated with TPN or standard chow with 0.9% saline were downloaded from the Sequence Read Archive (SRA). The alternative splicing (AS) events and regulated alternative splicing (RAS) events between IFALD and normal samples were defined and quantified using the SUVA pipeline. The frequency and read proportion of the SUVA AS events (pSAR) of each AS event were calculated to identify the dominant transcripts. RESULTS: A total of 268 dominant IFALD-RAS events with pSAR ≥ 50 % were identified. The genes associated with these RAS events were enriched mainly in the biological process of cell matrix adhesion. Then, we identified 25 RAS events associated with cell adhesion, including Afdn in AS events clustered at 3p3777. Moreover, we found that the infiltration of M2 macrophages was significantly greater in IFALD livers than in normal livers. Clualt5p19266:Supt20h was significantly positively correlated with the infiltration of M2 macrophages. Finally, we identified 33 differentially expressed RNA-binding proteins (DE-RBPs) and constructed a regulatory network between RBPs and co-disturbed RAS events. CONCLUSION: Changes in AS may play vital roles in the pathogenesis of IFALD under TPN. The Mbnl3-Zmynd11 axis may be a potential therapeutic target for IFALD.
The mutational factors influencing the therapeutic response and prognosis of stage IV CRC patients undergoing simultaneous resection of primary and liver metastatic lesions and subsequent adjuvant therapy---A pilot study on the prognosis of stage IV CRC.
Shen C, Gu W, Zhou X
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2026 Feb · PMID 41203456 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Patients with stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC) with liver metastasis represent a specific group that can be treated with surgery. However, the influence of genomic alterations on the therapeutic response and...
BACKGROUND: Patients with stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC) with liver metastasis represent a specific group that can be treated with surgery. However, the influence of genomic alterations on the therapeutic response and prognosis was not clear in CRC patients underwent simultaneous surgery of primary and metastatic lesions. METHODS: Fifty-two patients underwent simultaneous surgery on primary and metastatic lesions were retrospectively recruited. The mutational landscape of primary lesion was established by whole-exome sequencing(WES). Non-parametric test, Fisher's exact test, multivariate analyses, Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed to identify risk factors for response and prognosis, and a Nomogram model was established. Analyses were performed and figures were plotted using the Graphpad PRISM 5.0 and the R software. RESULTS: Several top mutated genes were identified from the mutational landscape of primary lesions, including APC, TP53, KRAS and TTN, and many co-mutations, mutually exclusive mutations and aberrant functions or pathways were revealed. KRAS(P = 0.047) and TTN(P < 0.001) exhibited significant differences in tumor mutational burden(TMB) between mutant and wild-type groups. TP53(P = 0.045), MUC12(P = 0.012) and CEL(P = 0.032) mutational status significantly stratified the patient therapeutic response, in which MUT12 was an independent risk factor(P = 0.02). CRC location(P = 0.014), patient therapeutic response(P < 0.001), and the mutational status of ANKRD20A4(P = 0.006), EVC(P = 0.05), FHOD3(P = 0.05), MYO15A(P = 0.008) and POTEE(P < 0.001) showed significant stratification on patient prognosis, in which cancer location, response to therapy and ANKRD20A4 and EVC mutational status were independent risk factors. These factors were used to establish a Nomogram model to predict the individual patient prognosis. Internal and external validation verified the effectiveness of the model. CONCLUSIONS: Independent risk factors including cancer location, response to therapy and ANKRD20A4 and EVC mutational status were identified and were used in the establishment of a Nomogram model for patient prognosis prediction.
Prevalence of Blastocystis hominis, Cryptosporidium, and Strongyloidesstercoralis among patients with colorectal carcinoma in Egypt.
Gaber Y, Madbouly Taha N, Roby N … +3 more , William H, Mostafa M, Marzaban R
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41203455 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death, with strong environmental associations and genetic risk factors. Although some microorganisms have been linked to carcinogenesis in...
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death, with strong environmental associations and genetic risk factors. Although some microorganisms have been linked to carcinogenesis in CRC, the prevalence of parasites and their potential role in carcinogenesis remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and association of the parasites Blastocystis, Cryptosporidium, and Strongyloides in CRC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A case-control study was conducted, including 120 participants, divided into 60 patients with CRC and 60 healthy controls. Patients were recruited from two tertiary care hospitals in Cairo, Egypt. Parasitologic microscopy-based tests for Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis), Cryptosporidium oocysts, and Strongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) rhabditiform larvae were performed using iodine-stained smears after formol ether concentration, modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) staining, and agar plate culture, respectively. RESULTS: Blastocystis and Cryptosporidium were detected at comparable rates in the CRC and control groups (26.7 % vs 28.3 %, p = 0.83 and 8.3 % vs 10 %, p = 0.75, respectively), with no significant association with CRC in terms of site, pattern, histological types, or stages (p = 0.92, 0.88, 0.84, and 0.39, respectively). However, most cases of Blastocystis or Cryptosporidium were observed in localized CRC in the rectum of the adenocarcinoma type. S. stercoralis was not detected in the stool examinations of either patients or controls. CONCLUSION: None of the parasites studied demonstrated a significant association with CRC when using conventional microscopy-based methods of parasite detection.
Association of SLC22A4 and TNF-α gene polymorphism with susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease among patients in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
AlQahtani SM, Almutairi RA, Al-Qahtani RD … +3 more , BinAqeel EA, Vatte C, Cyrus C
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41203454 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term referring to gastrointestinal chronic inflammatory disorders. Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD) are the two main types of IBD. The aetiology of such d...
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term referring to gastrointestinal chronic inflammatory disorders. Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD) are the two main types of IBD. The aetiology of such disease has been attributed to many factors: aside from the influence of the environment, genetic factors in particular play a significant role in disease progression. Genetic variants C1672T (SLC22A4), G-207C (SLC22A5) G113A, C4136A, 35delA (DLG5) and (rs1799964) TNF-α have been reported to have significant associations with the development of IBD in various populations. AIM: This study investigated the association of rs1799964 (TNF-α) and rs1050152 (SLC22A4) with IBD risk among patients in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). METHODS: A study sample (n = 81) was collected from King Fahad University Hospital (KFUH), in the Eastern province of KSA, that included 41 IBD patients (CD = 23, UC = 18) and 40 healthy controls. All subjects were genotyped using real-time PCR based TaqMan chemistry. RESULTS: The results showed that rs1799964 SNP was significantly associated with IBD in terms of C allele frequency (P < 0.0001; OR 11.42, 95 %CI 5.48-23.79) and CC genotype frequency (P < 0.0001; OR 149.5, 95 %CI 15.56-1435.58). A significant association was also found in rs1050152 SNP based on the frequency of the T allele (P < 0.0107; OR 39.94, 95 %CI 2.35-678.43). In terms of genotype frequency, the CT genotype and additive model (CT + TT) were also associated with IBD (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: The significantly associated SNPs of TNF-α and SLC22A4 genes suggest a potential genetic basis for assessing IBD susceptibility in Saudi patients. Further studies from other regions may provide better understanding of disease pathogenesis in relation to genetic association.
Safety and efficacy of linaclotide as an adjuvant for bowel preparation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Farag A, Genidy AM, Raslan M … +1 more , Gadelrab MN
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41203453 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: High-volume polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used for bowel preparation, but its large volume and unpleasant taste are common drawbacks. These factors frequently lead to reduced patient adherence. Linacl...
INTRODUCTION: High-volume polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used for bowel preparation, but its large volume and unpleasant taste are common drawbacks. These factors frequently lead to reduced patient adherence. Linaclotide, an FDA-approved drug for constipation, appears to offer a potential solution by lowering the amount of PEG needed. METHODS: Our search included MEDLINE through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), and Cochrane databases. Subgroup analysis was employed for additional stratification. RESULTS: The overall effect estimates regarding total BBPS score indicated no significant difference between the two groups [MD 0.19, 95 % CI (-0.37, 0.74), P = 0.51]. Further stratification showed linaclotide superiority over the control group with equal PEG dosage [MD 0.99, 95 % CI (0.69, 1.30), P < 0.00001] and no difference compared to the group with double the PEG dosage [MD -0.27, 95 % CI (-0.59, 0.05], P = 0.10]. No statistically significant difference between the two groups was detected in adenoma detection, polyp detection, or cecal intubation time. Also, Linaclotide showed statistical superiority against all subgroups regarding withdrawal time. Moreover, linaclotide group showed a favoring statistically significant difference regarding nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, bloating, and willingness to repeat the colonoscopy. CONCLUSION: Linaclotide demonstrates superior efficacy compared to the control group with equal PEG doses and shows no statistically significant difference when compared to the group with double the PEG dosage, all while resulting in fewer adverse events.
Corrigendum to "Paediatric autoimmune liver diseases: A descriptive study of patients from Saudi Arabia". [Arab J. Gastroenterol. 22(2) (2021) 146-150].
Saadah OI, Khayat A, Alsufyani HA … +1 more , Bin-Taleb Y
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41203452 · Publisher ↗
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Identification of hypoxia-associated genes as potential diagnostic biomarkers for ulcerative colitis.
Ren Y, Cao G, Wei G … +4 more , Liu Y, Liu Y, Wang F, Tang J
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2026 Feb · PMID 41203451 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) is on the rise globally, highlighting the need for new diagnostic methods to alleviate UC burden. OBJECTIVES: To explore the value of hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) as UC di...
BACKGROUND: Incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) is on the rise globally, highlighting the need for new diagnostic methods to alleviate UC burden. OBJECTIVES: To explore the value of hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) as UC diagnostic markers. METHODS: UC-related datasets (GSE87466 and GSE92415) were obtained from GEO database. Differential analysis was undertaken on GSE87466 dataset, followed by intersection analysis of HRGs, thus yielding UC-related differentially expressed HRGs (DEHRGs). Enrichment analyses were undertaken on DEHRGs. Hub genes were identified through a PPI network. Small molecules associated with hub genes were predicted using CMap, and diagnostic value was validated via ROC curves in GSE92415 dataset. Clinical samples of UC were collected and subjected to qRT-PCR for detecting the diagnostic value of hub genes. Potential miRNAs and transcription factors (TFs) that may modulate hub genes, and biological functions and signaling pathways of hub genes, were analyzed. RESULTS: Our research obtained 28 DEHRGs and used PPI networks to identify 9 hub genes in UC. The prediction of small molecular drugs suggested that chloroquine and pantoprazole were potential drugs to treat UC. ROC results demonstrated that all 9 hub genes had great diagnostic ability (AUC > 0.7), of which PPARGC1A had the best diagnostic value. Detection of clinical samples from UC patients also revealed that the expression of 9 hub genes differed significantly between the UC and the control groups, and this result was consistent with the prediction results from bioinformatics. These 9 hub genes were potentially modulated by 32 miRNAs and 55 TFs. Twenty genes functionally similar to hub genes were identified, which were mainly enriched in biological functions such as response to corticosteroid, negative regulation of MAP kinase activity, and activating transcription factor binding. CONCLUSION: HRGs play a pivotal part in UC occurrence and progression. Nine hub genes may be promising diagnostic biomarkers for UC.
EBV-related diffuse large B cell lymphoma in ulcerative colitis after brief thiopurine exposure.
Chatterjee A, Panda I, Kakkar N … +2 more , Singh H, Sharma V
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41203450 · Publisher ↗
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Evaluation of linked-color imaging endoscopy combined with CAD EYE for the detection and characterization of right-sided colon polyps.
Tran PH, Thuong Nguyen TH, Tran VH
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41203449 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Optimizing polyp detection, in particular the right-sided colon polyps, is a challenge for endoscopists. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of LCI combined with CAD EYE in the de...
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Optimizing polyp detection, in particular the right-sided colon polyps, is a challenge for endoscopists. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of LCI combined with CAD EYE in the detection and characterization of right-sided colon polyps. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients underwent colonoscopy with WLI up to the cecum and terminal ileum, followed by LCI combined with CAD EYE. All polyps detected were removed and subjected to histological examination. RESULTS: 116 patients were enrolled. Out of them, 66 patients had at least one polyp in their right-sided colon. Endoscopy utilizing LCI resulted in a significantly high additional polyp detection rate (APDR) of 25.9 % (95 % CI: 17.6-36.4 %) in the right colon compared to endoscopy with WLI. The APDRs were significantly higher for flat polyps, 43.5 % (95 % CI: 25.6-63.2 %), p = 0.023. The adenoma detection rate (ADR) was also increased, with APDRs for adenomatous polyps and sessile serrated polyps at 30.6 % (95 % CI: 18.0-46.9 %) and 66.7 % (95 % CI: 30-90.3 %), respectively (p = 0.022). The concordance in neoplasia detection utilizing LCI combined with CAD EYE and histological examination demonstrated substantial agreement between the two approaches, with Kappa values of 0.729 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: LCI combined with CAD EYE emerged as a potential tool for characterizing right-sided colon polyps.
Stress granule regulator-associated genes predict drug sensitivity, immune infiltration, and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer: Insights from bioinformatic and experimental approaches.
Cao D, Duan J, Qian J
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41203448 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Stress granule (SG) regulators affect tumor progression in patients with gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to explore the effects of SG-related genes on the prognosis, immune characteristics, and drug sens...
OBJECTIVE: Stress granule (SG) regulators affect tumor progression in patients with gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to explore the effects of SG-related genes on the prognosis, immune characteristics, and drug sensitivity of patients with GC. METHODS: Key SG-related genes in GC were identified from public databases. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were adopted to highlight prognostic genes and construct a prognostic model, whose efficacy was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and receiver operating characteristic curves. SG-related subtypes in GC were identified through consensus clustering. Differences in the distribution of risk-stratified samples, molecular functions, expression profiles, drug sensitivity, and immune infiltration levels were compared. Prognostic gene expression was validated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. In sh-CRYAB-transfected cells, the effects of CRYAB on cell viability, invasion, and colocalization with the GC scaffold protein G3BP1 were assessed using a cell counting kit-8 assay, a Transwell assay, and immunofluorescence, respectively. RESULTS: Among 86 SG-related genes identified in GC, four prognostic genes (FHL1, TMPO, SERPINE1, and CRYAB) were recognized as potential diagnostic markers. These genes enabled the construction of a prognostic model capable of predicting clinical outcomes in GC. Two distinct SG-related molecular subtypes were also identified, with subtype 1 associated with a more favorable prognosis. These subtypes differed significantly in the expression patterns and biological functions of prognostic genes. Furthermore, the four prognostic genes were significantly associated with drug sensitivity and immune cell infiltration. These genes were overexpressed at both the mRNA and protein levels, except FHL1, which was downregulated in GC cells. CRYAB deficiency significantly inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and cytoplasmic colocalization with G3BP1 in GC cells. CONCLUSION: FHL1, TMPO, SERPINE1, and CRYAB are potential prognostic markers in GC. CRYAB may facilitate GC progression by regulating G3BP1-mediated SG assembly.
Factors associated with inflammatory bowel disease control among IBD patients in Palestine (2023-2024): A cross-sectional study.
Abdoh Q, Al-Amouri F, Kittaneh S … +3 more , Daoud J, Hamouda S, Badrasawi M
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41203447 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition that impacts many aspects of patients' lives and requires proper control to improve health outcomes. This study aimed to assess perceived I...
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition that impacts many aspects of patients' lives and requires proper control to improve health outcomes. This study aimed to assess perceived IBD control and identify factors associated with it. METHODS: An interview-based questionnaire was used to collect data related to sociodemographic, lifestyle, IBD-related information, and anthropometrics among 116 IBD patients. The inflammatory bowel disease control questionnaire was used to evaluate IBD control, the general health questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) was used to assess general psychological distress, and the malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) was used for malnutrition screening. RESULTS: The mean age of the study participants was 36.4 ± 13.8 years, the mean time since being diagnosed with IBD was 6.2 ± 6.6 years, and the mean IBD-control score was 10.8 ± 4.8. Better IBD control (p < 0.05) was significantly associated with living with a spouse, having a higher educational level, being a non-current smoker, not having sleeping problems, not having changes in sleep duration after being diagnosed, being more physically active or having the same level of physical activity compared to before diagnosis, and being well-nourished. In addition, longer disease duration, higher midarm, calf, and hip circumferences, increased muscle mass, handgrip strength, peak flow rate, and GHQ score were all significantly correlated with IBD control score. In multivariate analysis only the GHQ-12 score and the principal component representing muscle mass and body size were found to be statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological well-being and favorable body composition were independently associated with better perceived disease control among individuals with IBD. These findings necessitate the importance of psychological screening and nutritional or functional assessments into IBD management to enhance self-management and improve patients' overall disease experience.
A Systematic analysis of gut microbiota in anorectal abscess and anal Fistula, with the mediating role of immune cells.
Shen P, Luo Q, Ding Y … +2 more , Xiong H, Zhang L
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41198502 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between gut microbiota, immune cells, and the development of anorectal abscess and anal fistula through Mendelian randomization (MR) ana...
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between gut microbiota, immune cells, and the development of anorectal abscess and anal fistula through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The objective was to identify gut microbial taxa and immune cell phenotypes that contribute to disease pathogenesis, thereby providing new insights into the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two-sample MR analysis was conducted using genetic data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), encompassing 211 gut microbiota taxa and 731 immune cell phenotypes. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method served as the primary analysis, complemented by sensitivity analyses such as MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out tests. Mediation MR analysis was employed to assess the role of immune cells as mediators. RESULTS: Ten gut microbiota taxa were significantly associated with anorectal abscess, while six taxa were linked to anal fistula. Protective taxa included Butyrivibrio, Ruminiclostridium 5, and Sutterella, while Porphyromonadaceae, Actinomyces, and Faecalibacterium were identified as risk factors. Mediation analysis revealed 16 immune cell phenotypes involved in the gut microbiota-disease pathway. Specifically, CD45 on CD33- HLA DR- mediated 17.28 % of the effect of Actinomyces on anorectal abscess, while CD4 on HLA DR + CD4 + mediated -18.26 % of the protective effect of Butyrivibrio on anorectal abscess. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first comprehensive evaluation of causal relationships among gut microbiota, immune cell phenotypes, and anorectal diseases. The findings underscore specific gut microbiota and immune cell phenotypes as critical mediators in disease pathogenesis, offering promising targets for therapeutic intervention and precision treatment strategies.
The utility of miRNA 221 & miRNA 199-a in the diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Yosry YA, Elsharkawy A, Okasha HH … +6 more , Fouad R, Khairy A, Shaker O, Khattab H, Yosry A, Ayoub YK
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41198501 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) being the most common subtype. PDAC is often diagnosed at advanced stages due to la...
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) being the most common subtype. PDAC is often diagnosed at advanced stages due to lack of symptoms and reliable early biomarkers. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of serum miRNA 221 and miRNA 199-a in PDAC and their association with disease progression. It also examined the correlation of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with tumor resectability and disease progression. METHODS: A total of 110 subjects (55 PDAC and 55 healthy controls) were recruited.Blood samples were collected to measure the serum miRNA 221, serum miRNA 199-a, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) was confirmed via endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy (EUS-FNB). Patients were followed for six months to monitor their disease progression. RESULTS: Serum miRNA 221 and miRNA 199-a levels were significantly elevated in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients (p = 0.009 and p = 0.001, respectively), with miRNA 221 correlating with tumor size (r = 0.343, p = 0.01). Advanced tumor stage (T3, T4) was linked to higher miRNA 221 and NLR levels (p = 0.017, p = 0.01). Additionally, lower NLR levels were associated with tumor resectability (p < 0.001) and improved survival (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that miRNA 221 and miRNA 199-a may serve as diagnostic markers for PDAC. While miRNA 221 and NLR are valuable prognostic indicators for tumor progression and patient survival in PDAC. Further validation in larger cohorts and across pancreatic and other gastrointestinal malignancies is needed.
Predictors of antiviral treatment in Chronic Hepatitis -B (CHB) population.
Yadav T, Swaroop S
Arab J Gastroenterol · 2025 Nov · PMID 41198500 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: CHB causes liver adversity and can be treated by antiviral drugs. HBV-DNA with Liver enzymes, HBeAg and, HBeAb plays a very crucial role in determining whether to provide treatment or not. OBJECTIVE: This stu...
BACKGROUND: CHB causes liver adversity and can be treated by antiviral drugs. HBV-DNA with Liver enzymes, HBeAg and, HBeAb plays a very crucial role in determining whether to provide treatment or not. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to derive the prognostic impact of HBeAb on CHB infection and the association between HB viral antigen, HB antibodies, and liver enzymes in providing antiviral treatment to CHB patients. METHODS: This study was performed on all HBsAg-positive patients. A data extraction form was prepared to analyse biochemical measures associated with antiviral treatment. RESULTS: An association between antiviral drugs and viral antigens was reported. The average age of participants was 36.89 (± 13.703), and separately, males were 37.64583 (±14.501), and females were 35.2093 (±11.708). Mean of ALT level 105.788 (±239.9647) and AST level 94.775 (± 234.0753). The highest HBeAg positivity was reported at the age of 15-30 years. 0.822 and 0.723p values were reported for the association between ALT, AST serum levels and HBeAg. HBeAg and antiviral therapy show a 0.022 significant value. Regression analysis reported HBeAg with different variables: age(p = 0.422),gender(p = 0.780), ALT(p = 0.819), and AST (p = 0.439). CONCLUSION: Various biomarkers play an important role in treating HBsAg-positive patients. This study stated the pointers to be incorporated during the treatment of HBV patients. ABBREVIATION: HBV, Hepatitis- B Virus; CHB, Chronic Hepatitis-B; HBsAg, Hepatitis-B surface Antigen; HBeAg, Hepatitis-B envelope antigen; HBeAb, Hepatitis-B envelope antibody.
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