The Angle Orthodontist[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
The effect of clear aligner and fixed orthodontic treatment on the development of pulp stones: a retrospective observational study.
Ba-Hattab R, Almashraqi AA, Nasrawi YH … +2 more , Sunna S, Abu Alhaija ES
Angle Orthod · 2025 Mar · PMID 40068702 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To report the prevalence of pulp stones (PSs) in molars of orthodontically treated patients, investigate the impact of orthodontic treatment (ORT) using clear aligners (CAs) and fixed appliances (FAs) on the...
OBJECTIVES: To report the prevalence of pulp stones (PSs) in molars of orthodontically treated patients, investigate the impact of orthodontic treatment (ORT) using clear aligners (CAs) and fixed appliances (FAs) on the development of PSs in molars, and investigate the association between the incidence of PSs during ORT and the studied variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pretreatment orthopantomograms (OPGs) of 600 patients were assessed. Of those, posttreatment OPGs of 272 patients were available. Molars were subdivided into four subgroups based on type of appliance and force application: group 1, first molars included in FA (n = 707); group 2, first molars included in CA (n = 157); group 3, second molars included in CA (n = 189); group 4, second molars not included in FA during treatment (n = 880). PSs were diagnosed when radiopaque bodies were detected in the coronal and/or radicular pulp space. PS changes after treatment were recorded and analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS: The prevalence of PSs was 16.6%. The overall incidence of PSs increased by 5.9% and 4.5% in groups 1 and 2, and by 3.7% and 5.3% in groups 3 and 4, respectively (P ≤ .05). No significant differences were found between appliance type groups (1 and 2) and force application groups (3 and 4). The association between PS development and the type of appliance or treatment duration was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of PSs increased during ORT, which was more pronounced in maxillary molars. PS development during ORT was not associated with orthodontic appliance type, force application, and duration of ORT.
Is the Peer Assessment Rating index a valid measure for change in Oral Health-Related Quality of Life following orthodontic treatment? Results of a cohort study.
Monisha J, Peter E, George SA
Angle Orthod · 2025 Mar · PMID 40037417 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To explore the relationship between changes in Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) score and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) following orthodontic treatment and to assess responsiveness of the Psychosoc...
OBJECTIVES: To explore the relationship between changes in Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) score and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) following orthodontic treatment and to assess responsiveness of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) in a cohort of young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants (n = 162) aged 18-25 years requiring comprehensive fixed orthodontic treatment were recruited. Changes in OHRQoL were measured using the PIDAQ, while malocclusion severity was assessed using the PAR index and Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. Data were collected before treatment (T0) and 1 month after treatment completion (T1). Responsiveness of the PIDAQ was evaluated using standardized effect size, standardized response mean, and Global Transition Judgment. RESULTS: A positive, moderate overall correlation (r = 0.417, P < .05) was observed between changes in PAR and PIDAQ scores posttreatment, with significant improvements in OHRQoL reported by 88.1% of participants at T1. Subgroup analysis revealed strong correlations in cases of crowding (r = 0.711) and increased overjet (r = 0.703), while Class III malocclusion showed a weaker correlation (r = 0.263). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that change in PAR score was independently associated (R2 = 0.652) with change in OHRQoL score. The PIDAQ demonstrated responsiveness to treatment-associated changes, with a significant reduction in OHRQoL scores posttreatment. CONCLUSIONS: While a positive correlation between the objective measure of malocclusion severity (PAR) and subjective OHRQoL was identified, the relationship was moderate. The PIDAQ was found to be a responsive scale for assessing OHRQoL in orthodontic patients.
Effects of printing layer thickness and build orientation on the mechanical properties and color stability of 3D-printed clear aligners.
Wu C, Mangal U, Bai N … +6 more , Kim H, Hwang G, Cha JY, Lee KJ, Kwon JS, Choi SH
Angle Orthod · 2025 Mar · PMID 40037401 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To determine effects of printing layer thickness and build orientation on mechanical properties and color stability of direct 3D-printed clear aligner resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Specimens were printed usin...
OBJECTIVES: To determine effects of printing layer thickness and build orientation on mechanical properties and color stability of direct 3D-printed clear aligner resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Specimens were printed using 3D printed clear aligner resin with two printing layer thicknesses (50 µm, 100 µm) and three build orientations (90°, 60°, and 45°). Mechanical properties (tensile stress, tensile strain, and elastic modulus), color stability in coffee and artificial saliva, and roughness were then evaluated. RESULTS: Specimens printed with a 50 µm layer thickness and orientation at 90° demonstrated superior color stability in artificial saliva. However, all specimens showed high susceptibility to coffee staining regardless of layer thickness or orientation. Mechanical properties were improved in the order of 90° < 60° < 45° build orientation, showing statistically significant differences (P < .05). Surface roughness was increased in the order of 90° < 60° < 45° build orientation, showing statistically significant differences (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Printing layer thickness and orientation exerted significant effects on mechanical properties, color stability, and surface roughness of 3D-printed clear aligner resin.
Influence of anterior buccolingual crown inclination on the esthetic perception of the frontal smile by dentists, orthodontists, and laypersons: the importance of connector parallelism.
Vela-Hernández A, López-García R, García-Sanz V … +2 more , Camañes-Gonzalvo S, Paredes-Gallardo V
Angle Orthod · 2025 Mar · PMID 40024271 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To assess the perception of smile esthetics, variations in buccolingual crown inclination of the upper anterior teeth were introduced, disrupting the parallelism of these connectors from a frontal view. MATER...
OBJECTIVES: To assess the perception of smile esthetics, variations in buccolingual crown inclination of the upper anterior teeth were introduced, disrupting the parallelism of these connectors from a frontal view. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a close-up smile image was modified using Adobe Photoshop to adjust the angulation of connectors, affecting either the six upper anterior teeth (C/C group) or the four upper anterior teeth (LI/LI group). Orthodontists (ORs), general dentists (GDs), and laypersons (LPs) then evaluated the attractiveness of the modified smiles. RESULTS: A total of 79 LPs, 65 ORs, and 89 GDs participated in the evaluation. LPs gave the highest scores, followed by GDs and ORs, in both the C/C and LI/LI groups. The -6° deviated image was the least favored in the C/C group, while the -9° image received the lowest scores in the LI/LI group. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we highlight the importance of proper buccolingual crown inclination and parallelism of connectors during treatment. The OR group showed the most critical assessment of smile esthetics related to buccolingual crown inclination variations. Lower scores were noted for greater deformations and negative inclinations in both the LI/LI and C/C groups.
Orthodontic forces and moments of three-bracket geometries.
Kei MH, Schneider PM, Cornelis MA … +1 more , Cattaneo PM
Angle Orthod · 2025 Feb · PMID 39987946 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis of Burstone and Koenig that a three-bracket geometry can be simplified into two adjacent two-bracket geometries, to evaluate the impact of a third bracket on two-bracket geometries, to...
OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis of Burstone and Koenig that a three-bracket geometry can be simplified into two adjacent two-bracket geometries, to evaluate the impact of a third bracket on two-bracket geometries, to identify the force systems of 36 three-bracket geometries using archwires of different materials, and to apply these principles to clinical scenarios. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A custom-designed orthodontic force jig supported three force transducers fitted with passive self-ligating brackets (Brackets A, B, and C). In Experiment 1, the force system of a three-bracket geometry was compared with two adjacent two-bracket geometries. In Experiment 2, 36 three-bracket geometries were tested when straight wires of varying materials were engaged. RESULTS: Experiment 1 results showed that the force system of a three-bracket geometry could be simplified into two adjacent two-bracket geometries. Experiment 2 results showed that the impact of the third bracket (Bracket C) affected the force system of the adjacent bracket only (Bracket B), with Bracket C having no statistically significant effect on the force systems at Bracket A. A distinct pattern of forces and moments was found in each of the 36 three-bracket geometries. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we experimentally validated the hypothesis of Burstone and Koenig, showing that a three-bracket geometry can be simplified into two adjacent two-bracket geometries. The force system of 36 three-bracket geometries was determined, assisting clinicians with better anticipating previously unpredicted and undesirable movements, thereby improving treatment efficiency.
Letters From Our Readers.
Atsawasuwan P
Angle Orthod · 2025 Mar · PMID 39970954 · Full text
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Letters From Our Readers.
Anas M, Sultan MU
Angle Orthod · 2025 Mar · PMID 39970953 · Full text
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Effect of miniscrew-assisted maxillary protraction on width changes in the circummaxillary sutures.
Cho MH, Choi YK, Kim SH … +3 more , Kim SS, Park HR, Kim YI
Angle Orthod · 2025 May · PMID 39970941 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate changes in the width of five circummaxillary sutures after miniscrew-assisted maxillary protraction (MAMP) and to identify which of them are most significantly affected. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Con...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate changes in the width of five circummaxillary sutures after miniscrew-assisted maxillary protraction (MAMP) and to identify which of them are most significantly affected. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) performed before and after MAMP treatment was used to assess the sutural and cephalometric changes in growing patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion (n = 17). CBCT-generated lateral cephalograms were analyzed for skeletal and dental changes. Width changes in the five circummaxillary sutures (frontomaxillary, pterygomaxillary, zygomaticofrontal, zygomaticomaxillary, and zygomaticotemporal) were measured before and after MAMP. Suture widths were measured using ImageJ software on CBCT images. The pre- and post-MAMP mean values of the bilateral width changes were compared. The magnitude of the width changes of the five circummaxillary sutures were ranked to identify the most substantially altered sutures. Statistical significance was determined using the Friedman test. RESULTS: In the CBCT-generated lateral cephalometric analysis, statistically significant increases were observed in SNA and ANB values, with the most pronounced results seen in overjet (P < 0.05). After MAMP, all five circummaxillary sutures demonstrated a statistically significant increase in width. The zygomaticofrontal, pterygomaxillary, and zygomaticotemporal sutures exhibited significant changes, with the zygomaticofrontal suture showing the greatest increase in width. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with Class III malocclusion treated with MAMP, the most pronounced width increase was observed in the zygomaticofrontal suture, whereas the frontomaxillary suture exhibited the least change.
Acceptance of potential risks in adult orthodontic patients and the influence of personality traits.
Xiang J, Luo M, Liu J … +4 more , Zheng Y, Xiong X, Du S, Wang J
Angle Orthod · 2025 May · PMID 39961330 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To determine acceptance of potential risks in orthodontic treatment and whether it could be affected by personality traits of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred sixty-one adult participants consulti...
OBJECTIVES: To determine acceptance of potential risks in orthodontic treatment and whether it could be affected by personality traits of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred sixty-one adult participants consulting for orthodontic treatment were involved in this cross-sectional study. Acceptance of 18 orthodontic risks was investigated with a structured questionnaire. Personality traits of included patients were assessed with a validated Chinese version of the Big Five Inventory. Statistical analyses were performed as appropriate, and potential correlations were identified using multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Acceptability of the investigated orthodontic risks ranged from 47.1% to 87.0%, with periodontitis being the least accepted. Length of treatment (P = .015) and relapse (P = .007) were more unacceptable to older patients. Female participants showed less tolerance to periodontitis (P = .017) than male counterparts. Among the five dimensions of personality traits, conscientiousness was significantly associated with acceptance of tooth extraction and associated risks (odds ratio [OR] = 1.131, P = .002), problems eating (OR = 1.182, P < .001), problems speaking (OR = 1.111, P = .022), and appliance breakage (OR = 1.109, P = .008), while openness was a significant predictor to the acceptance of length of treatment (OR = 1.090, P = .044). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients seeking orthodontic treatment, periodontitis was the least accepted risk. A significant association was found between the acceptance of certain orthodontic risks and personality traits, especially conscientiousness and openness.
Development and validation of a graph convolutional network (GCN)-based automatic superimposition method for maxillary digital dental models (MDMs).
Pan Y, Zhang Z, Xu T … +1 more , Chen G
Angle Orthod · 2025 May · PMID 39961328 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To validate the accuracy and reliability of a graph convolutional network (GCN)-based superimposition method of a maxillary digital dental model (MDM) by comparing it with manual superimposition and quantifyi...
OBJECTIVES: To validate the accuracy and reliability of a graph convolutional network (GCN)-based superimposition method of a maxillary digital dental model (MDM) by comparing it with manual superimposition and quantifying the clinical error from this method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on a GCN, learning the features from 100 three-dimensional digital occlusal models under supervision of the palatal stable structure labels that were manually annotated by senior specialists, the palatal stable structure was automatically segmented. The average Hausdorff distance was calculated to assess the difference between automatic and manual segmentations. Tooth position and angulation, including rotation, tip, and torque, of bilateral upper first molars and central incisors were obtained to measure the clinical error of automatic superimposition. Reliability was calculated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: The average Hausdorff distance was 0.36 mm between automatic and manual segmentations of the palatal stable region and was larger than the intraexaminer and interexaminer deviations. The tooth position deviation was <0.32 mm, and the tooth angulation difference was <0.26° for tip and torque, and 0.46-0.61° in rotation. ICCs, used for assessment of reliability, ranged from 0.82 to 0.99 in all variables. CONCLUSIONS: The GCN-based MDM superimposition is an efficient method for the assessment of tooth movement in adults. The clinical error in tooth position and angulation induced by the method was clinically acceptable. Reliability was as high as manual segmentation.
Skeletal and dental effects of a new compliance-free appliance, the NET3 corrector, in management of skeletal Class III malocclusion compared to rapid maxillary expansion-facemask.
Tarraf NE, Altug AT, Dalci K … +2 more , Darendeliler MA, Dalci O
Angle Orthod · 2025 May · PMID 39947235 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To examine retrospectively the short-term effects of a compliance-free skeletal Class III corrector (NET3-corrector) compared to rapid maxillary expansion-facemask (RME-FM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Records of 2...
OBJECTIVES: To examine retrospectively the short-term effects of a compliance-free skeletal Class III corrector (NET3-corrector) compared to rapid maxillary expansion-facemask (RME-FM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Records of 20 skeletal Class III patients treated with the NET3-corrector were compared to 20 patients treated with RME-FM, mean age: 11.14 ± 1.17 years and 11.14 ± 2.06, respectively. The NET3-corrector consisted of a hybrid-expander, a lower lingual arch, and a modified PowerScope spring. The RME-FM group received an RME-facemask combination. T2 records were collected when an overjet of at least 2 mm was achieved. Differences between two timepoints within groups and differences between groups were tested using paired samples t-test and independent samples t-test, respectively (P < .05 was considered statistically significant). RESULTS: The treatment time was 10.5 months with NET3-corrector and 12 months with RME-FM. The NET3-corrector was well tolerated by patients and the Class III malocclusion was corrected in all patients in both groups. The overall maxillary skeletal change was greater with the NET3-corrector, with an additional 2° advancement at SNA (P < .001). Significant differences in maxillary incisor angulation were observed in the RME-FM group in comparison to NET3 (-0.37 ± 3.31 vs 4.96 ± 3.80; P < .001). The mandibular molars tipped significantly more distally in the NET3 group (7.3° more; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The compliance-free tooth-bone-borne NET3-corrector, is effective in correcting Class III malocclusion with improved maxillary skeletal outcomes compared to RME-FM in the short term. These results need to be evaluated in the long term with a randomized sample.
Predictors of willingness to uptake orthodontic treatment and qualitative insights into the reasons for its postponement in young adults.
Anagnostou C, Zogakis IP, Pagkozidis I … +3 more , Dardavesis T, Matiakis A, Tsimtsiou Z
Angle Orthod · 2025 May · PMID 39947228 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the predictors of willingness to uptake orthodontic treatment and to explore the reasons for postponing its initiation in young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Students, aged 18-30 years old, we...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the predictors of willingness to uptake orthodontic treatment and to explore the reasons for postponing its initiation in young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Students, aged 18-30 years old, were randomly approached at the Central Library of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Campus and invited to complete the study tool anonymously and voluntarily. The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) and the esthetic component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-AC) were used to evaluate students' psychosocial impact of dental esthetics and severity of malocclusion, whereas the rationale for postponing the initiation of orthodontic treatment was recorded through an open-ended question, analyzed using thematic content analysis. RESULTS: In total, 270 students, 55.2% female, participated. The single statistically significant factor predicting willingness to uptake orthodontic treatment was the PIDAQ-Psychological Impact subscale (OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.11-1.37, P < .001). Gender and age were not associated with willingness to pursue treatment. Seven main themes emerged regarding reasons for postponement: fear of the procedure, embarrassment regarding appearance during treatment, low prioritization of esthetics, insufficient information, high cost of treatment, prolonged duration of treatment, and residential mobility. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that psychological impact of dental esthetics constitutes the main driver to pursue orthodontic treatment. A patient-centered orthodontic approach should address the possible barriers to its initiation. Increasing young adults' oral health literacy could be key in empowering them to make better informed decisions regarding their oral health-related quality of life.
Investigation of MMP1 rs1799750 and TGF-ß1 rs1800470 polymorphisms in individuals with different vertical facial patterns and temporomandibular joint disorder.
Turan B, Onem Ozbilen E, Tacal Aslan B … +1 more , Yilmaz OO
Angle Orthod · 2025 May · PMID 39933558 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of rs1799750 1G/2G polymorphism of the MMP1 gene and rs1800470 T/C polymorphism of the TGF-ß1 gene on temporomandibular disk displacement and vertical facial development. MATERIALS AND...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of rs1799750 1G/2G polymorphism of the MMP1 gene and rs1800470 T/C polymorphism of the TGF-ß1 gene on temporomandibular disk displacement and vertical facial development. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-six individuals were examined radiographically prior to evaluation of the signs/symptoms of temporomandibular disorders according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). Class II, hyperdivergent individuals with TMD (+) were assigned to Group 1, and individuals with TMD (-) were included in Group 2; while Class I, normodivergent individuals with TMD (-) were included in Group 3. For genetic analysis, oral mucosa swab samples were collected, and genotype analysis was performed. RESULTS: The incidence of 2G alleles in Group 2 (72.7%) was significantly higher than the other groups (P < .05). ANB angle and mean Wits of the 1G/1G genotype of the MMP1 gene were significantly lower than 1G/2G and 2G/2G. Mean Go-Gn of the 1G/1G genotype was significantly higher than that of 1G/2G. The mean SNB of the TGF-β1 TT genotype was significantly higher than TC. The mean Co-Gn of TT was significantly higher than CC. CONCLUSIONS: A relationship was found between the 2G allele of rs1799750 1G/2G polymorphisms of the MMP1 gene and the risk of individuals developing disk displacement. Also, it was found that TGF-ß1 gene rs1800470 29 T/C polymorphisms had a detrimental effect on mandibular development.
Factors influencing treatment duration of impacted maxillary canines.
Vasović D, Pajević T, Vučić L … +2 more , Glišić B, Juloski J
Angle Orthod · 2025 May · PMID 39914454 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To determine factors associated with treatment duration in impacted maxillary canines (IMCs) using orthopantomography and cone beam computed tomography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen linear and angular mea...
OBJECTIVES: To determine factors associated with treatment duration in impacted maxillary canines (IMCs) using orthopantomography and cone beam computed tomography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen linear and angular measurements were evaluated using pretreatment radiographic images of 64 patients (83 IMCs). Treatment duration from surgical exposure until the canine appeared in the oral cavity and until achieving ideal alignment were recorded in months. RESULTS: Average treatment duration until appearance in the mouth was 14.61 ± 9.28 months and 26.98 ± 12.44 months until ideal alignment. Buccally impacted canines emerged in 6.56 ± 3.24 months and were ideally aligned in 19.44 ± 8.49 months in comparison with palatally positioned at 16.34 ± 9.19 and 28.91 ± 12.77 months, respectively. Canines localized around lateral incisors had shorter treatment times than those localized around central incisors. Canines that were inclined >30° to the sagittal medial line (SML) had significantly longer treatment time until initial appearance in the mouth (16.31 ± 9.32) compared with those inclined less (10.82 ± 8.92). Linear regression analyses demonstrated that these factors were predictors for both treatment duration until emergence and ideal alignment of the canine. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment duration for IMCs is lengthy, particularly for palatally and mesially positioned canines and those with greater inclinations. Palatally located canines typically require twice as much time to emerge as those positioned buccally. Canines located nearer the central incisor area take twice as much time to emerge as those located in the lateral incisor area.
Importance of the early phase of orthodontic force application in the induction of root resorption.
Funaki-Dohi M, Hotokezaka Y, Hotokezaka H … +7 more , Nashiro-Oyakawa Y, Moriishi T, Ohama M, Iuchi Y, Nakamura T, Nishioka-Sakamoto K, Yoshida N
Angle Orthod · 2025 May · PMID 39909061 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of early and short-term administration of lithium (Li) during orthodontic force application (OFA) in preventing orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR) and verify the im...
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of early and short-term administration of lithium (Li) during orthodontic force application (OFA) in preventing orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR) and verify the importance of the early phase of OFA in the induction of OIRR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bilateral maxillary first molars of 10-week-old male Wistar rats were moved for 14 days using a closed coil spring inserted between the first molar and the incisor. The rats were randomly grouped into three groups: a group receiving Li for the first 4 days, a group receiving Li daily for 14 days, and a control group receiving a vehicle (saline). Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) was measured using microcomputed tomography on day 14. The OIRR, osteoclasts, and odontoclasts were evaluated via histological analysis. Immunohistochemical staining for the receptor-activated NF-kB ligand and osteoprotegerin was also performed. RESULTS: The OTM distance did not differ among the three groups, and the pattern of OTM changed from tipping to bodily movement for both Li groups. Early and short-term administration of Li suppressed OIRR on day 14 as effectively as long-term administration for 14 days. The observed odontoclasts on days 4 and 14 were significantly reduced in both Li groups. Osteoprotegerin expression was significantly increased on day 14 in both groups receiving Li relative to the vehicle group. CONCLUSIONS: Early and short-term Li administration effectively suppressed OIRR. This suggests that the early phase of OFA plays an important role in the induction of OIRR.
Influence of aging on facial attractiveness perception in individuals with normal occlusion.
Natsumeda G, Silva I, Miranda F … +2 more , Massaro C, Garib D
Angle Orthod · 2025 May · PMID 39909053 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the perception of orthodontists and laypeople of facial attractiveness during aging in participants with acceptable, untreated occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Frontal and profile facial photogra...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the perception of orthodontists and laypeople of facial attractiveness during aging in participants with acceptable, untreated occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Frontal and profile facial photographs of 24 participants (13 male, 11 female) with acceptable, untreated occlusion, taken during adolescence (mean age = 13.3 years) and late adulthood (mean age = 61.2 years) were used. Groups of 30 orthodontists and 30 laypeople scored the facial attractiveness using a scale from 1 (unattractive face) to 10 (very attractive face). Raters indicated the apparent age at T2 and the most and least pleasing facial structures. Three-way analysis of variance was used to assess the influence of sex, age, and rater group on facial attractiveness. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare males and females regarding the apparent age perceived by raters at late adulthood (P < .05). RESULTS: Mature age was judged with lower scores on facial attractiveness (mean = 5.43) by both groups compared with adolescence (mean = 6.51). Facial attractiveness was not affected by sex. At late adulthood, females were considered younger by both groups of raters, while men were perceived more similar to their actual age. Laypeople were slightly more critical than orthodontists in the assessment of facial attractiveness. Thirty percent of the raters indicated the eyes as the most pleasant region and the chin and nose as the least pleasing structures. CONCLUSIONS: Facial attractiveness slightly decreased from adolescent to mature ages. Women appeared younger than their actual age at late adulthood.
Comparison of individualized facial growth prediction models using artificial intelligence and partial least squares based on the Mathews growth collection.
Roseth J, Kim JH, Moon JH … +4 more , Ko DY, Oh H, Lee SJ, Suh H
Angle Orthod · 2025 May · PMID 39884314 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To develop facial growth prediction models using artificial intelligence (AI) under various conditions, and to compare performance of these models with each other as well as with the partial least squares (PL...
OBJECTIVES: To develop facial growth prediction models using artificial intelligence (AI) under various conditions, and to compare performance of these models with each other as well as with the partial least squares (PLS) growth prediction model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Longitudinal lateral cephalograms from 33 subjects in the Mathews growth collection were utilized. A total of 1257 pairs of before and after growth lateral cephalograms were included. In each image, 46 hard and 32 soft tissue landmarks were manually identified. Growth prediction models were constructed using a deep learning method based on TabNet deep neural network and partial least squares (PLS) method. Prediction accuracies of the two methods were compared. RESULTS: On average, artificial intelligence (AI) showed 0.61 mm less prediction error than PLS. Among the 77 predicted landmarks, AI was more accurate than PLS in 60 landmarks. When comparing AI models with varying numbers of training epochs, those with higher epochs yielded more accurate predictions. Overall, PLS and AI exhibited greater prediction errors for soft tissue and mandibular landmarks compared to hard tissue and maxillary landmarks. However, AI showed a smaller increase in prediction error in areas with greater variability. CONCLUSIONS: AI proved to be a valuable growth prediction method, with clinically acceptable prediction errors averaging 1.49 mm for 45 hard tissue landmarks and 1.71 mm for 32 soft tissue landmarks. PLS accurately predicted landmarks with low variability. However, AI generally outperformed PLS, particularly for landmarks in the lower part of the craniofacial structure and soft tissue, where uncertainty is considerable.
Comparison of patient testimonials of orthognathic surgery on YouTube and TikTok.
Alvarado Garcia A, Rahman L, Gregoski MJ … +1 more , Andrade I
Angle Orthod · 2025 Mar · PMID 39880020 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To investigate and compare the educational value of the most popular testimonials between TikTok (TT) and YouTube (YT), and to classify the emotional response of viewers through sentiment analysis of video co...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate and compare the educational value of the most popular testimonials between TikTok (TT) and YouTube (YT), and to classify the emotional response of viewers through sentiment analysis of video comments on both platforms involving orthodontic patients who will undergo orthognathic surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two distinct social media searches were conducted using specific search phrases on TT and YT. For each search phrase, 30 videos were gathered from each platform, and details such as number of views, likes, and comments were recorded for each video. Each video was then evaluated for completeness of information using an Information Completeness Score (ICS). A set of comments were collected for each video, and a Sentiment Analysis Score (SAS) was assigned using Azure Machine Learning. RESULTS: TT had a higher number of views, likes, and comments. YT videos had a significantly higher ICS than TT (P < .0001). No statistically significant difference was found when evaluating SAS between the platforms or across phrase groups (P > .05), and no relationship was found between views, likes, comments, and SAS or ICS. CONCLUSIONS: YT had higher-quality information within patient testimonials posted due to higher ICS values found than TT. Patient testimonials were not determined to have a positive or negative influence on potential patient opinions in either platform. Orthodontists should leverage their own TT profiles to help direct patients toward meaningful YT testimonials through informative video links.
Treatment outcomes and short-term stability in adult anterior openbite patients treated with or without extractions: a National Dental Practice-Based Research Network study.
Greenlee GM, Collins JL, Leroux B … +6 more , Allareddy V, Jolley C, Shin K, Vermette M, National Dental PBRN Collaborative Group, Huang GJ
Angle Orthod · 2025 Mar · PMID 39880009 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether extractions in adult anterior openbite (AOB) patients lead to improved treatment outcomes and better short-term stability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records of extraction (EXT) and nonextr...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether extractions in adult anterior openbite (AOB) patients lead to improved treatment outcomes and better short-term stability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records of extraction (EXT) and nonextraction (NE) adult patients were identified from all patients treated with fixed appliances through the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network. Photographic Openbite Severity Index was used to assess treatment success and stability. Skeletal, dental, and soft tissue treatment outcomes were evaluated using cephalometric analysis. RESULTS: Pretreatment and posttreatment records were collected for 115 patients. Thirty-three were treated with extractions; 82 were treated without extractions. The EXT group was younger, more crowded, and had less previous orthodontic treatment. Success rate of AOB correction in the EXT group was slightly higher (97%) than the NE group (92%) but not statistically different. No significant differences were observed in skeletal outcomes. The EXT group exhibited more lingual tipping and posterior movement of maxillary and mandibular incisors and less extrusion of mandibular incisors. Dental changes in the EXT group were associated with increased nasolabial angle and lip retraction. The small number of patients with AOB relapse did not provide enough power to identify differences in stability between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Orthodontists have high success correcting AOB with or without extractions. The EXT group displayed more retraction and lingual tipping of incisors as well as increased retraction of soft tissues. Stability of AOB closure was more than 90% for both groups after 1 year, with marginal increases in stability after extractions.
Nasal septum deviation after rapid maxillary expansion in the early mixed dentition.
Teixeira R, Garib D, Poiani JGR … +6 more , Massaro C, Fraga GA, Trindade SHK, Lourençone LFM, Miranda E Paulo D, Flores-Mir C
Angle Orthod · 2025 Mar · PMID 39820466 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate nasal septum changes after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) during the mixed dentition and to verify the association between quantitative and qualitative assessments of nasal septum deviation (NSD)...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate nasal septum changes after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) during the mixed dentition and to verify the association between quantitative and qualitative assessments of nasal septum deviation (NSD) by ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample comprised 24 patients (11 male, 13 female) with a mean age of 7.62 ± 0.92 years with maxillary transverse deficiencies. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained before and after RME. Three CBCT coronal sections passing through the maxillary first molars, 5 mm anterior and 5 mm posterior, were used for quantitative assessment. NSD was calculated using the ratio of nasal cavity height to nasal septum contour. Additionally, five ENT professionals evaluated NSD qualitatively using scores from 1 to 3 through CBCT sequential axial and coronal sections. Absent NSD was scored as zero. Interstage changes were assessed using Wilcoxon tests. Spearman correlation and linear regression were performed to evaluate the association between quantitative and qualitative analyses (P < .05). RESULTS: No significant change was observed in the NSD ratio. In pre-expansion CBCT images, absence of NSD and scores 1, 2, and 3 for NSD were found for 45.8%, 41.7%, 12.5%, and 0%, respectively. In the qualitative assessment, no significant change in NSD was observed after expansion. A strong association was found between NSD ratio and ENT score (r = 0.750). CONCLUSIONS: In the mixed dentition, no significant change was observed in the NSD ratio. Qualitative analysis of NSD was associated with quantitative assessment of the ratio between nasal septum contour and nasal cavity height.
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