Casopis Lekaru Ceskych[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Patient blood management - past, present and future.
Slipac J
Cas Lek Cesk · 2025 · PMID 40816886
Patient blood management (PBM) is a patient-centered, systematic, evidence-based, multidisciplinary, and multimodal approach to improve patient outcomes by managing and preserving the patient's own blood. The history of...
Patient blood management (PBM) is a patient-centered, systematic, evidence-based, multidisciplinary, and multimodal approach to improve patient outcomes by managing and preserving the patient's own blood. The history of PBM dates back to the 19th century, while modern practice has been shaped by programs such as Dr. Denton Cooley's "bloodless surgery". Despite advances in transfusion medicine, the safety risks and side effects of transfusion have driven the development of PBM. Today, this program includes optimizing hematopoiesis, reducing blood loss, and improving the tolerance of anemia. PBM improves clinical outcomes and patient safety, and the World Health Organization recommends implementing this program in all countries of the world as a standard of care.
The role and position of intercultural workers in the provision of health care to refugees and migrants in the Czech Republic.
Tulupova E, Dohnalová E, Těšinová JK
Cas Lek Cesk · 2025 · PMID 40816885
Intercultural workers (also intercultural mediators, community interpreters) play a key role in overcoming language and cultural barriers between migrants and the healthcare systems of host countries. Based on internatio...
Intercultural workers (also intercultural mediators, community interpreters) play a key role in overcoming language and cultural barriers between migrants and the healthcare systems of host countries. Based on international practice, the World Health Organization (WHO) strongly recommends the integration of intercultural mediators into healthcare systems throughout the European region to ensure equity, quality and sustainability of the healthcare system in an intercultural and multicultural environment. This article analyzes the emergence and status of the intercultural worker profession and its role in the process of providing various types of healthcare to refugees and migrants in the Czech Republic, focusing on legal, social and health aspects. It also describes the key challenges of integrating intercultural work into the existing healthcare and social system and suggests practical recommendations for improving cooperation between healthcare institutions and these key actors.
Health literacy in international recommendations and studies.
Šteflová A, Dudra J
Cas Lek Cesk · 2025 · PMID 40816884
Health literacy means the ability to acquire, evaluate and apply health-related information. Health literacy affects motivation, health behavior, but also trust in health systems. For the development and improvement of h...
Health literacy means the ability to acquire, evaluate and apply health-related information. Health literacy affects motivation, health behavior, but also trust in health systems. For the development and improvement of health literacy in the European context, it is necessary to measure health literacy and compare it internationally.
Modern approaches enhancing the efficiency of antibiotic therapy in hospital practice.
Bauer L, Cihlo J
Cas Lek Cesk · 2025 · PMID 40816883
The current effective antibiotic therapy requires modern approaches focused on optimizing treatment and slowing the growth of antimicrobial resistance. A key tool in hospitals is the concept of antimicrobial stewardship,...
The current effective antibiotic therapy requires modern approaches focused on optimizing treatment and slowing the growth of antimicrobial resistance. A key tool in hospitals is the concept of antimicrobial stewardship, which relies on collaboration in multidisciplinary teams composed of infectious disease specialists, microbiologists, clinical pharmacists, and epidemiologists. These teams focus on the correct choice of antibiotic and its dosage, monitoring its effectiveness and minimising adverse effects. Expanding possibilities in the field of monitoring and interpretation of plasma concentrations of an increasing number of antibiotics enable effective and safe optimization of dosing and administration methods (prolonged and continuous infusions) adjusted for individual patients, thereby allowing a personalized approach to pharmacotherapy. The optimization of antibiotic dosing is further supported using modern administration tools. In the hospital setting, electronic parametric prescribing, centralized preparation and dispensing of anti-infectives by the hospital pharmacy also leads to improved safety. In outpatient care, possibilities are expanding with the concept of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy, which reduces the risk of nosocomial infections and provides the comfort of a home environment for patients. However, its broader use is hindered mainly by the lack of official stability data for antibiotic preparations, as well as administrative and financial barriers associated with integrating this innovative concept into routine practice.
Communication health literacy of war refugees from Ukraine in the Czech Republic.
Dobiášová K
Cas Lek Cesk · 2025 · PMID 40816882
Communicative health literacy is essential for effective interaction between patients and healthcare professionals. Its limitations may contribute to health inequalities. Ukrainian war refugees face significant barriers...
Communicative health literacy is essential for effective interaction between patients and healthcare professionals. Its limitations may contribute to health inequalities. Ukrainian war refugees face significant barriers in accessing healthcare, primarily due to language and cultural differences. This study analyses their level of communicative health literacy and compares it with the Czech population. A quantitative study was conducted using the standardized HLS19-COM-P questionnaire. In November 2023, 1,182 Ukrainian refugees were surveyed using the CAWI method. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software version 28. The communicative health literacy of refugees was significantly lower than that of the Czech population. The most significant barriers included difficulties in expressing health problems (40%), asking questions to physicians (50%), and participating in shared decision-making (55%). A low level of communicative health literacy was associated with poorer utilization of healthcare services. To reduce health inequalities, it is necessary to strengthen language support for refugees, increase the availability of intercultural mediators, and implement educational programs aimed at improving communicative health literacy.
Preservation of antibiotics in Czech households and attitudes towards self-medication with antibiotics in the Czech population.
Marhánková JH, Petrúšek I
Cas Lek Cesk · 2025 · PMID 40816881
Self-medication with antibiotics is one of the factors that can influence the process of antibiotic resistance. The results of a sample survey conducted by the Public Opinion Research Centre in the period June-August 202...
Self-medication with antibiotics is one of the factors that can influence the process of antibiotic resistance. The results of a sample survey conducted by the Public Opinion Research Centre in the period June-August 2024 on a representative sample of the population of the Czech Republic aged 15 and over map the experience with self-medication with antibiotics and attitudes towards the use of antibiotics without medical consultation. At the same time, they provide an overview of the storage of unused antibiotics from previous treatment, which can be used for future self-medication. In 13.5 % of households in the Czech Republic, there are antibiotics that are not currently used, and these are mostly leftovers from previous treatment. Only 10.6% of respondents reported personal experience with self-medication with antibiotics without consulting a doctor. 18.4 % of respondents agree with the opinion that antibiotics can be administered without medical consultation in some cases. In international comparison, the Czech Republic is one of the countries with a lower proportion of the population storing unused antibiotics. These findings provide important information for public health policy formulation and education about the risks associated with antibiotic self-medication.
Bert Sakmann (1942-).
Čech P
Cas Lek Cesk · 2024 · PMID 39772726
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Ancient sanctuary of Asclepius, god of medicine, on the island of Paros (Greece).
Alušík T, Dostalíková PA
Cas Lek Cesk · 2024 · PMID 39772725
Asclepius was the main healing deity of the Classical Antiquity. After his gradual establishment, his cult expanded throughout the Greek world, especially in the 5th and 4th centuries BC. Asclepius was worshipped in sacr...
Asclepius was the main healing deity of the Classical Antiquity. After his gradual establishment, his cult expanded throughout the Greek world, especially in the 5th and 4th centuries BC. Asclepius was worshipped in sacred precincts labelled asklepieia (singular asklepieion), which served both as religious sites and as medical facilities where the sick came for healing. One of the smaller asklepieia is located on the island of Paros in the Cyclades, on two terraces about 3 km southwest of the centre of Parikia. The site was partially excavated in 1898-1899 by the German archaeologist Otto Rubensohn (1867-1964) and incompletely published in 1902. Over the last few years, the authors have been working on a project to (re)identify all surviving finds based on original descriptions and original excavation documentation, and to better understand the healing practices at the site. From the 6th century BC at the latest, the cult of Apollo, a deity with certain healing powers, is attested here, who was succeeded by his mythological son Asclepius sometime between the end of the 5th and the beginning of the 4th centuries BC. During the 4th and probably also in the 3rd century BC, a large complex is built on both terraces, with a temple, retaining and enclosure walls, a specific circular structure, a building for pilgrims and the performance of healing sleep, an altar and 2 sacred healing springs. The site's greatest bloom occurred in the 4th to 2nd century BC and especially in the Roman period, in the 1st to 3rd centuries.
Bedřich Smetana's hearing loss could be caused by chronic mercury intoxication.
Povýšil C, Kaňa M, Kučera J
Cas Lek Cesk · 2024 · PMID 39772724
Bedřich Smetana's illness associated with complete hearing loss has been linked to various diseases in a long-running discussion. Senile dementia, atherosclerosis, progressive paralysis in lues are mentioned, while the o...
Bedřich Smetana's illness associated with complete hearing loss has been linked to various diseases in a long-running discussion. Senile dementia, atherosclerosis, progressive paralysis in lues are mentioned, while the ototoxicity of mercury is neglected. Its high concentration in the composer's skeletal remains was demonstrated by the authors of this article immunohistochemically and especially by the neutron activation analysis (NAA) method 23 years ago. The significance of this find has been neglected in connection with the dominant effort to prove the composer's venereal disease, the diagnosis of which, however, has not yet been unequivocally verified. Therefore, the existing results of the osteological examination were revised and the available sample was supplemented with an immunohistochemical examination using an antibody against treponemes and a silvering method with a negative result. On the other hand, an expert literature search focused on mercury ototoxicity confirmed our assumption that chronic intoxication with this metal, which was probably part of ointments applied not only in childhood but also later in adulthood, could contribute to hearing loss. This metal, until recently used in dermatology as a component of ointments, is resorbed and, as has recently been proven, causes various neuropsychic disorders, including disorders and even hearing loss. With this communication, we would like to initiate a new discussion on all aspects of the composer's illness.
Injury of the popliteal artery by shrapnel of a Ukrainian girl treated at the University Hospital Ostrava - case report of arterial lesion without acute limb ischemia.
Jelínek P, Jalůvka F, Roman J … +5 more , Dudík I, Velička J, Pieš M, Hájovský R, Hrubovčák J
Cas Lek Cesk · 2024 · PMID 39772723
A popliteal artery injury in a 12-year-old female patient, injured in the war conflict in Ukraine, proved to be serious, requiring surgical treatment, despite seemingly poor symptoms and the absence of subjective difficu...
A popliteal artery injury in a 12-year-old female patient, injured in the war conflict in Ukraine, proved to be serious, requiring surgical treatment, despite seemingly poor symptoms and the absence of subjective difficulties. The presentation of arterial injury without acute limb ischemia was atypical. The clinical picture of the lower limb in the sense of "pulseless pink" based on an arterial lesion is not common, but its underestimation can have permanent consequences for the patient.
Ortner's syndrome in interdisciplinary collaboration.
Kalivoda I, Konečný J
Cas Lek Cesk · 2024 · PMID 39772722
Ortner's syndrome, also known as cardiovocal syndrome, is a rare cause of hoarseness due to compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve caused by pathology of cardiovascular structures in the mediastinum. It was fi...
Ortner's syndrome, also known as cardiovocal syndrome, is a rare cause of hoarseness due to compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve caused by pathology of cardiovascular structures in the mediastinum. It was first described by Norbert Ortner in 1897, who associated the syndrome with mitral stenosis. It typically presents as paresis of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve, which is mechanically compressed in the area of the aortic arch. The case report describes an 81-year-old non-smoker who was examined for two months of hoarseness. Laryngoscopic examination revealed paralysis of the left vocal cord, and CT of the neck and mediastinum with contrast showed ectasia of the ascending aorta and aneurysm of the aortic arch. The patient was consulted by both a cardiothoracic surgeon and an interventional radiologist, but due to his age and the incidental nature of the finding, neither surgical nor endovascular treatment was recommended. The patient was discharged home, where he later passed away surrounded by his family. The prognosis of these patients depends on prompt diagnosis and treatment. Early intervention can improve or restore vocal function. Regular monitoring and interdisciplinary collaboration are also crucial factors for optimal patient care.
Searching for ways to survive cardiac arrest and extracorporeal oxygen therapy - ECPR.
Knor J
Cas Lek Cesk · 2024 · PMID 39772721
Modern cardiopulmonary resuscitation and its introduction into wide practice has more than sixty years of history. Despite all efforts to improve the original procedures and improve the results of care for patients with...
Modern cardiopulmonary resuscitation and its introduction into wide practice has more than sixty years of history. Despite all efforts to improve the original procedures and improve the results of care for patients with cardiac arrest, the basic recommendations and rules of modern emergency resuscitation remain practically the same as at the time of its inception. In recent years, in order to increase the number of patients surviving cardiac arrest, urgent resuscitation has been used in combination with the method of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary oxygenation (ECPR). This procedure shows the potential and possibilities of contemporary medicine, but at the same time it brings a lot of question marks and cannot be recommended routinely.
Modern approaches in multidisciplinary treatment of cleft lip and palate.
Košková O, Richtrová M, Marcián P … +6 more , Borák L, Streit L, Bönischová T, Šabata R, Bryšová A, Štourač P
Cas Lek Cesk · 2024 · PMID 39772720
Cleft lip and cleft palate are among the most common congenital defects of the head. The treatment of clefts is centralized, multidisciplinary, and involves a plastic surgeon, orthodontist, anesthesiologist, clinical spe...
Cleft lip and cleft palate are among the most common congenital defects of the head. The treatment of clefts is centralized, multidisciplinary, and involves a plastic surgeon, orthodontist, anesthesiologist, clinical speech therapist, and other specialists. While the incidence of cleft lip and cleft palate remains approximately unchanged, the approach to their treatment is evolving. Modern treatment methods increasingly include 3D printing and the associated therapeutic and educational possibilities.
A matter of the heart.
Blažek V, Šmejkalová M
Cas Lek Cesk · 2025 · PMID 41854238
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Commemoration of professor Stanislav Kostlivý - the founder of Slovak surgery.
Kňazovický M
Cas Lek Cesk · 2025 · PMID 41854233
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Tomáš Šídlo - zapomenutý laryngolog zemřel před 110 lety ve Vídni.
Kalivoda I
Cas Lek Cesk · 2024 · PMID 39581759
Tomáš Šídlo, a Czech physician active in Vienna in the second half of the 19th century, is among the less researched figures in Czech medicine. He was born in 1839 in Strážovice, in Western Bohemia, studied medicine at t...
Tomáš Šídlo, a Czech physician active in Vienna in the second half of the 19th century, is among the less researched figures in Czech medicine. He was born in 1839 in Strážovice, in Western Bohemia, studied medicine at the Vienna Medical-Surgical Academy, where he earned his doctorate in general medicine in 1866. He specialized in laryngology and later also qualified in this field. He published works in Czech and German on diphtheria, stenosing respiratory diseases, and voice disorders. After serving in the military, he moved to civilian practice in 1889 and earned an excellent reputation as a general practitioner.
Lesk a bída zdravotních obvodů.
Šimčík A
Cas Lek Cesk · 2024 · PMID 39581758
This study deals with the development and evaluation of healthcare districts, which were implemented in the territory of Czechoslovakia in the early 1950s and abolished in the early 1990s due to the reform of the Czech h...
This study deals with the development and evaluation of healthcare districts, which were implemented in the territory of Czechoslovakia in the early 1950s and abolished in the early 1990s due to the reform of the Czech healthcare system in progress at the time. The author of the study examines the legal frame of healthcare districts, their real form and occupation and further the transformation of their structure over time. The study also evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of health districts from the perspective of the patient, the doctor and the state.
Geografie zdraví - průzkum prostorových nerovností ve zdraví v Česku.
Hübelová D, Janošíková L, Kozumplíková A … +1 more , Manea BC
Cas Lek Cesk · 2024 · PMID 39581757
Health inequalities are caused by a multitude of factors that require a comprehensive assessment, including individual subjective perceptions of health linked to the quality of life. The paper aims to evaluate the spatia...
Health inequalities are caused by a multitude of factors that require a comprehensive assessment, including individual subjective perceptions of health linked to the quality of life. The paper aims to evaluate the spatial differentiation of health in Czechia. The analysis covers three areas at the district level: a) determinants of health inequalities, b) health status, and c) subjective quality of life. The weight sum approach (WSA) method is used to evaluate the data, resulting in an index that takes values from 0 to 1; the higher the value, the more favourable the situation. The cartograms are processed using the local indicator of spatial association (LISA) method. The index of health inequalities determinants improved between 2001 and 2021 in 65 districts, while the index of health status improved in only 21 districts. The districts with the highest values for the health inequalities index are Brno-City, Prague, České Budějovice, Prague-East, Prague-West, with Hradec Králové and Jihlava joining in the health status index Subjective quality of life corresponds only partially with the determinants of health inequalities and health status. When evaluating health disparities in health, it is important to consider the specificities of the Czech context, including the inner and outer periphery, as well as the rural and urban periphery.
30 let Společnosti pro léčbu závislosti na tabáku (SLZT).
Králíková E, Pánková A, Štěpánková L … +2 more , Zvolská K, Křenková K
Cas Lek Cesk · 2024 · PMID 39581756
History and main activities of the Society for the Treatment of Tobacco Dependence (SLZT) over its 30 years of activity are aimed at pre/postgraduate education of physicians, nurses and pharmacists, it has been involved...
History and main activities of the Society for the Treatment of Tobacco Dependence (SLZT) over its 30 years of activity are aimed at pre/postgraduate education of physicians, nurses and pharmacists, it has been involved in the publication of first smoking cessation recommendations, then in 2005, 2015 and 2022 guidelines for treatment of tobacco dependence, has supported payment codes for medical interventions for tobacco dependence treatment and at least minimal contributions from health insurance companies for tobacco dependence medications, and was at the birth of the smoking cessation helpline. SLZT has published and disseminated dozens of patient leaflets focusing on different clinical areas of the impact of smoking, lobbied for better tobacco control legislation, and is involved in the international smoke-free hospitals project (GNTH - The Global Network for Tobacco Free Healthcare Services). It annually awards the SLZT Prize for the dissemination of tobacco dependence treatment in the field. It collaborates with other clinically oriented professional societies as well as the Working Group on Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Dependence of the Czech Medical Association of J. E. Purkyně.
Intenzivní léčba závislosti na tabáku v Česku v letech 2010-2022.
Zvolská K, Zvolský M, Čady J … +1 more , Králíková E
Cas Lek Cesk · 2024 · PMID 39581755
In the 10th version of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases, tobacco dependence is a separate diagnostic unit, F17. As with other diseases, there are effective treatments - psychobehav...
In the 10th version of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases, tobacco dependence is a separate diagnostic unit, F17. As with other diseases, there are effective treatments - psychobehavioral interventions and pharmacotherapy to suppress withdrawal symptoms. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the development of reporting of selected intensive tobacco dependence treatment interventions in the Czech Republic. Data provided by the National Register of Covered Health Services of the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic for the period 2010-2022, with a distinction per county and anonymized per centers for tobacco dependence and trained physicians. Between 2010 and 2022, an average of 1094 initial intervention procedures were reported annually in the country, indicating the number of smokers treated, and 2584 control visits. The Centre for Tobacco Dependence of the General University Hospital in Prague had the largest share in the total reporting of 25501 procedures (average 35.5 %). Intensive treatment for tobacco dependence should be offered and available as treatment for other diseases. However, of the approximately two million smokers in the Czech Republic, only about 0.5 ‰ undergo it annually.
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