International Journal Of Breast Cancer[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Outcomes From Real-World Data on Intraoperative Electronic Radiotherapy for the Treatment of Early-Stage Breast Cancer: Long-Term Recurrence and Survival Outcomes From a Single Center.
De la Mata D, Santiago-Concha BG, Bargalló-Rocha JE … +8 more , Robles-Vidal CD, Gómez-Pue D, Castorena-Rojí G, Hinojosa-Gómez J, Flores-Vázquez F, Blake-Cerda M, Enriquez-Barrera M, Maffuz-Aziz A
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 39574516 · Full text
This study is aimed at investigating the 10-year outcomes of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) in Mexican women with early breast cancer (EBC) treated at the Centro Medico ABC, Mexico City. A cohort study included wome...
This study is aimed at investigating the 10-year outcomes of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) in Mexican women with early breast cancer (EBC) treated at the Centro Medico ABC, Mexico City. A cohort study included women with early-stage invasive ductal carcinoma aged ≥ 45 years without prior oncologic treatment, tumor size ≤ 3.5 cm, cN0M0, positive hormone receptors, margins ≥ 2 mm, negative sentinel lymph nodes, and no extensive lymphovascular invasion. IORT was administered at 20 Gy for 20-30 min after a lumpectomy. Follow-up extended over 10 years and included clinical examinations every 6 months for the first 18 months, followed by annual mammograms and conventional examinations. Patients out of the criteria were excluded from this study because they were referred for additional surgery and/or whole-breast radiation therapy. The study involved 238 patients with an average age of 61.1 years. The mean tumor size was 12 mm, and the percentages of lymphatic invasion, positive hormone receptors, and HER2/neu overexpression were 12.6%, 90.8%, and 2.1%, respectively. The median follow-up was 66.6 months (range: 1-126 months), and the overall survival and mastectomy-free rate reached 95.7% and 90%, respectively. Thirteen patients showed side effects; four recurrences were recorded, of which 50% were out-field relapses. The 5-year Kaplan-Meier probability of local relapses, mastectomy-free, and overall survival reached 97.5%, 100%, and 98%, respectively. This is the first 10-year report about the effect of IORT on Mexican women with EBC in the early stages. Strict adherence to the selection criteria in this study resulted in low rates of side effects, mortality, and local recurrences, demonstrating that IORT is an effective treatment alternative for patients with EBC. Studies with a longer follow-up period should be performed, as recurrences can occur in the long term.
Development of a Culturally Appropriate Text Messaging Platform for Improving Breast Cancer Screening Uptake Among Ghanaian Women in Metropolitan Areas.
Sefenu RPS, Addo-Lartey AA, Bonful HA … +9 more , Nwameme A, Abagre TA, Awua AK, Agyabeng K, Birimpong KO, Adu-Aryee NA, Dedey F, Adanu RMK, Okuyemi KS
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 39483925 · Full text
Early detection through screening could improve breast cancer (BC) outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We explored women's preferences for BC-related mobile health text messaging, described the development of a mobile-...
Early detection through screening could improve breast cancer (BC) outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We explored women's preferences for BC-related mobile health text messaging, described the development of a mobile-health text messaging platform, and examined the enablers and barriers to BC screening. A concurrent mixed-method study of women aged 40-59 years was conducted. Four essential actions were carried out: (i) a baseline survey of 130 women, (ii) five focus group discussions (FGDs), (iii) a stakeholder meeting with BC research and clinical treatment specialists, and (iv) text message pretesting. The survey and FGD findings were used to create a culturally appropriate SMS platform for BC screening. Thirty-five text messages were developed and evaluated with the following communication goals in mind: 15 addressed BC awareness, six emphasized the importance of early detection, five alleviated anxieties as a barrier to BC screening, seven encouraged women to prioritize their health, and three indicated screening locations and costs. The majority (92.6%) of survey respondents who had heard of mammography (54/130) said screening was necessary. Fear of the screening procedure, receiving a positive diagnosis, and other testing-related worries (40.7%) were identified as potential barriers to BC screening, along with low income (18.5%), a lack of BC-related indicators (9.3%), insufficient breast awareness education (9.3%), and time restrictions (7.4%). The presence of BC-related symptoms (27.8%), breast awareness education (24.1%), and doctor's advice (16.7%) were all potential facilitators of BC screening uptake. The majority of FGD participants favored brief texts, with 42.3% preferring one text message per day. Several factors limit women from accessing BC screening services; nevertheless, specific barriers such as a lack of BC education, time constraints, and disease fears can be successfully targeted through SMS messaging interventions to encourage women to use BC screening programs.
Potential Therapeutic Targets in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Based on Gene Regulatory Network Analysis: A Comprehensive Systems Biology Approach.
Ahmadi M, Barkhoda N, Alizamir A … +1 more , Taherkhani A
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 39473450 · Full text
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with limited treatment options. This study is aimed at identifying potential therapeutic targets in TNBC using gene regulatory network analysis and a system b...
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with limited treatment options. This study is aimed at identifying potential therapeutic targets in TNBC using gene regulatory network analysis and a system biology approach. : The GSE38959 dataset was reanalyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in TNBC tissues compared to normal breast samples. Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed, and hub genes were identified. Survival analysis was performed using GEPIA2. Gene regulatory networks were built to identify upstream regulators. Cross-platform verification was conducted using an independent RNA-seq dataset (GSE58135). Expression analysis of prognostic markers in TNBC versus non-TNBC samples was performed using bc-GenExMiner. A total of 943 DEGs were identified in TNBC tissues. CHEK1 and PLK1 were identified as central hub genes, with overexpression correlating with poor prognosis. GABPB1 was identified as the most influential upstream regulator of CHEK1 and PLK1 through gene regulatory network analysis, while JUN exhibited the most interactions among regulators. A total of 302 consistently modulated genes were confirmed through cross-platform verification. The overexpression of CHEK1 and PLK1 in TNBC compared to non-TNBC samples was validated by expression analysis. : This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of TNBC and suggests CHEK1, PLK1, and their upstream regulators as potential therapeutic targets for TNBC treatment.
PI3K Mutation Profiles on Exons 9 (E545K and E542K) and 20 (H1047R) in Mexican Patients With HER-2 Overexpressed Breast Cancer and Its Relevance on Clinical-Pathological and Survival Biological Effects.
Nieto-Coronel T, Alette OG, Yacab R … +5 more , Fernández-Figueroa EA, Lopez-Camarillo C, Marchat L, Astudillo-de la Vega H, Ruiz-Garcia E
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 39444377 · Full text
: Trastuzumab resistance is associated with overexpressing the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), which results from the altered phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in breast cancer patients. : We qua...
: Trastuzumab resistance is associated with overexpressing the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), which results from the altered phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in breast cancer patients. : We quantified the frequency of PI3K enzyme single and double-point mutations in Mexican patients with HER-2 overexpressing breast cancer and its association with clinical-pathological variables. : We embedded HER-2 breast samples in paraffin from 60 patients, extracted their DNA, and evaluated PI3K mutations in 49 HER-2-positive breast tumors. We focused on mutations for one exon 20 (H1047R) and two exon 9 PI3K (E545K, E542K) hotspots and characterized them as single and double-point mutations. The mean patient follow-up was 86 months. : Of 49 patients who tested positive for HER-2 breast cancer, 14.28% showed mutations in PI3K, 71.42% single-point, and 28.56% double-point mutations. We found single-point mutations in H1047R (42.85%) and E545K (28.57%). Only two patients exhibited double-point mutations: one in E542K/E545K and another in H1047R/E545K (14.28% each). Although we observed lower survival in patients with mutations in PI3K, we did not find a significant association between these factors ( = 0.191). However, single and double-point mutations in PI3K were significantly associated with the clinical stages of diagnosis and tumor size ( = 0.027 and = 0.04, respectively). : Single and double-point mutations in PI3K are related to tumor size and advanced clinical-pathological traits in Mexican patients with HER-2 overexpression, and future molecular studies are necessary to understand these findings.
Factors Associated With Uptake of Breast Cancer Screening Among Catholic Nuns in Lake Zone, Tanzania.
Marandu G, Laisser R, Malale K … +1 more , Rambau P
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 39429945 · Full text
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Breast cancer screening programs are widely promoted because of their effectiveness in the early detection of cancer. However, a significant proportion of el...
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Breast cancer screening programs are widely promoted because of their effectiveness in the early detection of cancer. However, a significant proportion of eligible Catholic nuns in the Lake Zone of Tanzania remain underscreened. This study is aimed at investigating the factors associated with breast cancer screening uptake among Catholic nuns in Lake Zone, Tanzania. This was a cross-sectional study design among 385 catholic nuns. Simple random sampling was deployed to enrolled catholic nuns, the ODK collect v2023.2.4 was electronically used to collect data. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the factors associated with the uptake of breast cancer screening. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 18.0, with a significance level set at a value less than 0.05. The prevalence uptake of breast cancer screening (i.e., breast self-examination, clinical examination, or mammography examination) was 64% ( = 247, 95% CI, 59.3%-68.9%). A total of 57.4% had inadequate knowledge on the uptake of breast cancer screening ( = 221, 95% CI, 52.4%-62.4%). Also, the study found that 61.3% (95% CI, 56.4%-66.2%) of Catholic Nuns have negative attitudes towards the uptake of self-breast examination among Catholic nuns. The findings revealed that 55.6% ( = 133, 95% CI, 50.6%-60.6%) and 52.7% ( = 52.7%, 95% CI, 47.7%-57.7%) of Catholic nuns negatively accept breast cancer screening and self-breast examination, respectively. Nuns aged above 60 years were less likely to not perform BCS with a COR of 0.62 (95% CI, 0.39-0.97). Also, Catholic nuns who are in the nonhealth field are more likely to not perform BCS with a COR of 1.71 (95%, 1.07-2.74). Likewise, Catholic nuns who had negative acceptability of the Self-breast examination were more likely to not perform BCS with an AOR of 1.65 (95% CI, 1.07-2.55). A study found a low uptake of breast cancer screening among Catholic nuns. This highlights the need for breast health intervention programs within religious congregations to address misconceptions and promote early detection.
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Tumor Immunogenicity and Beyond.
Ibrahim E, Diab E, Hayek R … +2 more , Hoyek K, Kourie H
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 39399414 · Full text
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast malignancy with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Many studies show that TNBC exhibits heterogeneity across clinical, histopathological, and molecular leve...
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast malignancy with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Many studies show that TNBC exhibits heterogeneity across clinical, histopathological, and molecular levels. In this review, we discuss the immunogenic features of TNBC with a focus on immunotherapy and the current standard of care in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and metastatic setting. In addition, we address the ongoing research on immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, and future challenges in the treatment of this entity.
Assessing Awareness, Attitude, and Practices of Breast Cancer Screening and Prevention Among General Public and Physicians in Pakistan: A Nation With the Highest Breast Cancer Incidence in Asia.
Aslam A, Mustafa AG, Hussnain A … +7 more , Saeed H, Nazar F, Amjad M, Mahmood A, Afzal A, Fatima A, Alkhalidi DK
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 39372363 · Full text
Breast cancer is a global health challenge with significant mortality, affecting millions worldwide. The current study is aimed at evaluating awareness and practices related to breast cancer screening, prevention, and tr...
Breast cancer is a global health challenge with significant mortality, affecting millions worldwide. The current study is aimed at evaluating awareness and practices related to breast cancer screening, prevention, and treatment among the general public and physicians in Lahore, Pakistan, which has a significant incidence of breast cancer. The current study adopted a cross-sectional study design conducted in Lahore, Pakistan, between March and August 2023, among 404 participants from the general public and 240 physicians. Data collection and evaluation involved the use of validated questionnaires, and both descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS Version 25. In Lahore, Pakistan, breast cancer awareness among the public was low, with 80.2% unaware of its global prevalence, 65.3% believing not everyone is at risk, and only 42.1% recognizing symptoms. Females showed greater awareness (OR: 1.020, CI: 0.617-1.686, = 0.002) and positive attitudes (OR: 2.711, CI: 1.478-6.478, = 0.045), while the 18-29 age group had higher odds of positive practices (OR: 4.317, CI: 2.678-5.956, = 0.004). Educational attainment significantly influences knowledge and attitudes. Only 13.9% practiced self-examination. Among physicians, 88.8% were confident in screenings, but patient fear (42.9%) and financial barriers (79.2%) hindered action. Physicians with FCPS qualifications had higher odds of awareness (OR: 1.550, CI: 1.130-2.117, = 0.007), attitudes (OR: 1.500, CI: 1.050-2.150, = 0.025), and practices (OR: 1.470, CI: 1.070-2.017, = 0.020). Those with 11-20 years of experience also showed better awareness (OR: 1.400, CI: 1.050-1.868, = 0.022) and attitudes (OR: 1.450, CI: 1.045-2.018, = 0.029). In conclusion, breast cancer awareness among the general public is limited, highlighting the need for tailored education programs. Although most physicians show high awareness, challenges in patient communication and barriers, such as fear and financial constraints, must be addressed to improve screening uptake. These findings emphasize the importance of targeted interventions to enhance public awareness, screening practices, and physician-patient communication.
Assessment of Tissue Eosinophilic Infiltration in Invasive Mammary Carcinoma.
Hasan FF, Fadhil MH, Almukhtar ZK
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 39296928 · Full text
Stromal inflammatory cells in malignant tissue have recently gained increasing interest. Unlike the extensive research on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, published data about tumor-infiltrating eosinophils in breast canc...
Stromal inflammatory cells in malignant tissue have recently gained increasing interest. Unlike the extensive research on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, published data about tumor-infiltrating eosinophils in breast cancer are scarce. Furthermore, similar studies have yet to be conducted in Iraq. : The objective of this study is to examine the presence of eosinophilic infiltration by direct visualization using light microscopy and to analyze its relationship with other histological parameters in a group of Iraqi women diagnosed with invasive mammary cancer. : A retrospective study enrolled 90 histological samples of invasive mammary carcinoma provided by core needle biopsy from a single center, together with their immunohistochemical results for ER and HER2-NEU. Data reviewing, direct morphological visualizations, and counting eosinophilic infiltration in tissue sections were done by two independent pathologists using light microscopy. The results were statistically correlated with the grade, ER, HER2-NEU, calcification, and axillary lymph node status at presentation. : Out of the entire sample size (90), 40 (44%) showed the presence of eosinophilic infiltration in the tissue, both intratumoral and stromal. Further analysis revealed that most eosinophilic infiltrates had an intermediate score (4-19) per 10 consecutive high-power fields. A strong and meaningful statistical relationship was seen between tissue eosinophilic infiltration and HER2/NEU status. A statistically insignificant correlation was seen between tissue eosinophilic infiltration and histological grade, ER receptor status, calcification, and axillary lymph node status at presentation. : Eosinophils are tumor-infiltrating cells in breast cancer, both intratumoral and stromal. The presence of tissue eosinophilic infiltration can predict HER2/NEU negativity in breast cancer.
Metformin as a Potential Anticancer Modulator of Adenosine Monophosphate Kinase: A Review.
Jinadasa AGRG, Akalanka HMK, Wageesha NDA … +1 more , Ekanayake S
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 39246697 · Full text
Metformin (MET) is the commonly prescribed hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Pleiotropic effects of MET are emerging as a medication for other diseases including breast cancer (BC...
Metformin (MET) is the commonly prescribed hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Pleiotropic effects of MET are emerging as a medication for other diseases including breast cancer (BC). Therefore, a literature review was conducted to investigate whether the anticancer effects of MET are mediated through adenosine monophosphate kinase (AMPK). This review assessed published data focusing on studies where BC cell lines were treated with MET to explore its potential anticancer effects via AMPK on BC cells. The published data reveals that activated AMPK induces anticancer effects primarily by suppressing cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, inhibition of metastasis and invasion, alteration of tumor microenvironment, and downregulation of tumorigenesis. In addition, MET was observed to induce AMPK-mediated effects when combined with other drugs. Further studies on assessing the potential use of MET alone or in combination with other drugs would pave the way to design new treatment strategies for BC.
Subcutaneous Trastuzumab: An Observational Study of Safety and Tolerability in Patients With Early HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.
Otoya I, Valdiviezo N, Morante Z … +9 more , Calle C, Ferreyra Y, Huarcaya-Chombo N, Polo-Mendoza G, Castañeda C, Vidaurre T, Neciosup SP, Calderón MJ, Gomez HL
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 38962673 · Full text
In Peru, breast cancer (BC) stands as the most predominant malignancy neoplasm among women. Trastuzumab has marked a significant milestone in the management of this disease. It has been shown to improve prognosis in huma...
In Peru, breast cancer (BC) stands as the most predominant malignancy neoplasm among women. Trastuzumab has marked a significant milestone in the management of this disease. It has been shown to improve prognosis in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-expressing female patients, but its repercussions and efficacy are yet to be analyzed in a context with limited resources. The study population is made of woman patients aged 18 years and older diagnosed with HER2-positive BC at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (INEN, Lima, Peru) during 2019-2021 and treated with at least one dose of subcutaneous trastuzumab. We reviewed medical records to register treatment characteristics, adverse events (AEs), disease progression, and survival status. We considered a median follow-up time of 36 and 45 months for progression and survival status. The majority of patients were over 50 years old (54.29%). Tumor size averaged 19.7 ± 16.1 mm. Lymph nodes were present in 44.78% of patients. Most patients received adjuvant chemotherapy (63.8%) as first-line treatment. Descriptive analyses of treatment outcomes revealed a 30% toxicity rate, primarily attributed to arthralgia (47.62%), followed by diarrhea, fatigue, and injection site reactions, with relatively lower discontinuation rates compared to larger scale studies. Differences in demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics were not statistically significant concerning the emergence of AEs ( > 0.05). Progression appeared in nine patients, and the overall survival (OS) rate stood at 98.6% and 92.8%, respectively, during a median follow-up of 36 and 45 months. The research suggests that subcutaneous trastuzumab is comparable in effectiveness and safety to the intravenous administration. Regional-specific studies may provide valuable insights into demographic factors influencing treatment outcomes in Peru or other countries. Furthermore, it could represent a more accessible alternative, potentially enhancing patient adherence and optimizing healthcare resource logistics.
Insights Into the Emerging Entity of HER2-Low Breast Cancer.
El Haddad G, Diab E, Hajjar M … +4 more , Aoun M, Mallat F, Zalaquett Z, Kourie HR
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 38962672 · Full text
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low breast cancer (BC) is a subtype of BC that has been recently recognized as a separate clinical entity with distinct clinical and molecular characteristics. It is define...
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low breast cancer (BC) is a subtype of BC that has been recently recognized as a separate clinical entity with distinct clinical and molecular characteristics. It is defined by a low level of HER2 protein expression, which distinguishes it from other more aggressive BC subtypes. Early studies suggest that it may have a more favorable prognosis than HER2-positive BC, as it is less likely to spread to other parts of the body and may be more responsive to standard BC treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy. Given the relative new emergence of HER2-low BC, there is still much to be learned about this subtype; ongoing research is focused on identifying the underlying genetic mutations that contribute to HER2-low BC as well as developing targeted therapies that can improve outcomes for patients with this disease. This review is aimed at summarizing the current clinical knowledge on HER2-low BC, with the aim of creating a better understanding of this entity and paving the way for potential interventions and a new standard of care.
Expression and Copy Number Alterations Predict Unfavorable Tumor Features and Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Breast Cancer.
Alhamdan YR, Ayoub NM, Jaradat SK … +2 more , Shatnawi A, Yaghan RJ
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 38919805 · Full text
The role of BRAF in breast cancer pathogenesis is still unclear. To address this knowledge gap, this study is aimed at evaluating the impact of BRAF gene expression and copy number alterations (CNAs) on clinicopathologic...
The role of BRAF in breast cancer pathogenesis is still unclear. To address this knowledge gap, this study is aimed at evaluating the impact of BRAF gene expression and copy number alterations (CNAs) on clinicopathologic characteristics and survival in patients with breast cancer. The Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) dataset was obtained from the cBioPortal public domain. Tumoral mRNA expression and CNAs along with demographic and tumor data for patients with breast cancer were retrieved. The association of expression and CNAs with breast cancer clinicopathologic characteristics was analyzed. The impact of mRNA expression on the overall survival of patients was assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. BRAF gene mRNA log intensity expression was positively correlated with tumor size and the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) ( < 0.001). Alternatively, BRAF gene expression was negatively correlated with the age at diagnosis ( = 0.003). The average mRNA expression was significantly higher in premenopausal patients, patients with high tumor grade, hormone receptor-negative status, and non-luminal tumors compared to postmenopausal patients, patients with low-grade, hormone receptor-positive, and luminal disease. gain and high-level amplification copy numbers were significantly associated with higher NPI scores and larger tumor sizes compared to neutral copy number status. Survival analysis revealed no discernible differences in overall survival for patients with low and high mRNA expression. High mRNA expression as well as the gain and high-level amplification copy numbers were associated with advanced tumor characteristics and unfavorable prognostic factors in breast cancer. BRAF could be an appealing target for the treatment of premenopausal patients with hormone receptor-negative breast cancer.
Application of Intraoperative Radiotherapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients in a Clinical Setting.
Wang A, Quint E, Kukeev I … +4 more , Agassi R, Belochitski O, Barski G, Vaynshtein J
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 38919804 · Full text
Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) has gained popularity in recent years as an alternative to external beam whole breast radiation therapy (WBRT) for early-stage breast cancer. Here, we report 43-month recurrence an...
Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) has gained popularity in recent years as an alternative to external beam whole breast radiation therapy (WBRT) for early-stage breast cancer. Here, we report 43-month recurrence and survival outcomes in a multiethnic cohort treated with IORT in a clinical context. Two hundred and eleven patients with low-risk features were treated with IORT for early-stage breast cancer from 2014 to 2021. Selection criteria were based on Group Europeen de Curietherapie-European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (GEC-ESTRO) guidelines: preferably unifocal intraductal carcinoma (IDC), aged > 50, tumor size ≤ 2.0 cm, and without lymph node involvement. All patients received 20 Gy of radiation dose during the lumpectomy. Information on patient and tumor characteristics was collected. The mean age of this cohort was 67.5 years; 95.2% of patients are Jewish, and the rest are Bedouins (4.7%). Most tumors were intraductal carcinoma (97.2%) and stage 1 (94.8%). The mean follow-up time was 43.4 months. Bedouins had larger tumor sizes (mean 1.21 vs. 1.13 cm) and were younger at diagnosis than Jewish patients (mean 65.4 vs. 67.6 years), although the differences are not significant. The overall recurrence rate was 1.4%. One case of local recurrence (0.5%) and two cases of metastasis (0.9%) were observed during the study period. One patient died from metastasis. Our findings suggest that IORT in selected low-risk patients can achieve an excellent prognosis with low rates of recurrence and metastasis.
Comprehensive Immunohistochemical Analysis of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Biomarkers in the Invasive Micropapillary Cancer of the Breast.
Oz O, Tasli FA, Yuzuguldu RI … +4 more , Zengel B, Cavdar DK, Durak MG, Durusoy R
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 38903413 · Full text
: Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is commonly associated with a poor prognosis due to its high incidence of lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis (LNM). Our study is aimed at investigat...
: Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is commonly associated with a poor prognosis due to its high incidence of lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis (LNM). Our study is aimed at investigating the prognostic significance of the expressions of E-cadherin (E-cad), N-cadherin (N-cad), CD44s, and -catenin (-cat). In addition, it is aimed at deciphering the consistency of these markers between the IMPC, the invasive breast carcinoma, no-special type (IBC-NST), and LNM components in the same IMPC cases. Sixty-two IMPC cases with LNM from 1996 to 2018 were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed separately on the three regions for each patient. Statistical analyses included Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression, and McNemar's statistical tests. Loss of CD44 expression in IMPC, IBC-NST, and LNM areas was associated with poor prognosis in overall survival (OS) ( = 0.010, < 0.0005, = 0.025). Loss of CD44 expression in the IBC-NST, gain of N-cad expression in the IMPC, and loss of -cat expression in the LNM areas were indicators of poor prognosis in disease-free survival (DFS) ( = 0.005, = 0.041, = 0.009). Our evaluation of this rare subtype, focusing on the expression of key epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) molecules, revealed that it shares characteristics with the IBC-NST component within mixed tumors. Notably, contrary to expectations, a reduction in CD44 expression was found to adversely affect both OS and DFS. By conducting staining procedures simultaneously across three regions within the same patient, a novel approach has provided valuable insights into the mechanisms of EMT.
Male Breast Cancer: An Updated Review of Patient Characteristics, Genetics, and Outcome.
Khare VS, Huda F, Misra S … +4 more , Amulya KR, Raj N, Karn S, Basu S
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 38559438 · Full text
Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare entity, underrepresented in population studies and clinical trials, resulting in management of MBC to be informed by current research on female breast cancer (FBC). A literature review...
Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare entity, underrepresented in population studies and clinical trials, resulting in management of MBC to be informed by current research on female breast cancer (FBC). A literature review was conducted by accessing relevant articles on 2 databases, by searching keywords "male breast cancer". A total of 29 articles from year 2011 to 2022 were selected for this review. The authors found that male breast cancer generally occurs later in life with higher stage, higher grade, and more estrogen receptor (ER) positive tumours. Most of the studies noted the mean age for MBCs at the time of presentation as >60 years. Risk factors for male breast cancer include family history, obesity, lower physical activity, and syndromes like the Klinefelter syndrome. Positive family history is much higher in MBC compared to FBC (30.9 vs. 18.4%). BRCA 2 cancers constitute a higher proportion compared to FBCs. A lot of genetic mutations have been observed. Some show promise to assess disease-specific survival and proliferative rate like and , among others. MBCs usually present with a palpable lump in central region, with a bigger size and chance of nodal involvement and metastasis compared to FBCs. They are mostly infiltrating ductal type and hormone receptor positive, with worse histological grade. Treatment usually follows the same principles as FBCs (systemic therapy, surgical excision, and radiotherapy), with poorer prognosis to same treatment approach, possibly owing to its advanced stage at presentation. This is a rare entity which requires further research to ascertain need for different management approach than FBCs.
Evaluation of Features in Probably Benign and Malignant Nonmass Enhancement in Breast MRI.
Ahmadinejad N, Azizinik F, Khosravi P … +3 more , Torabi A, Mohajeri A, Arian A
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 38523651 · Full text
Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is a highly sensitive breast imaging modality in detecting breast carcinoma. Nonmass enhancement (NME) is uniquely seen on MRI of the breast. The correlation...
Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is a highly sensitive breast imaging modality in detecting breast carcinoma. Nonmass enhancement (NME) is uniquely seen on MRI of the breast. The correlation between NME features and pathologic results has not been extensively explored. Our goal was to evaluate the characteristics of probably benign and suspicious NME lesions in MRI and determine which features are more associated with malignancy. We performed a retrospective research after approval by the hospital ethics committee on women who underwent breast MRI from March 2017 to March 2020 and identified 63 lesions of all 400 NME that were categorized as probably benign or suspicious according to the BI-RADS classification (version 2013). MRI features of NME findings including the location, size, distribution and enhancement pattern, kinetic curve, diffusion restriction, and also pathology result or 6-12-month follow-up MRI were evaluated and analyzed in each group (probably benign or suspicious NME). Vacuum-guided biopsies (VAB) were performed under mammographic or sonographic guidance and confirmed with MRI by visualization of the inserted clips. Segmental distribution and clustered ring internal enhancement were significantly associated with malignancy ( value<0.05), while linear distribution or homogeneous enhancement patterns were associated with benignity ( value <0.05). Additionally, the plateau and washout types in the dynamic curve were only seen in malignant lesions ( value <0.05). The presence of DWI restriction in NME lesions was also found to be a statistically important factor. Understanding the imaging findings of malignant NME is helpful to determine when biopsy is indicated. The correlation between NME features and pathologic results is critical in making appropriate management.
Assessment of miRNA-10b Expression Levels as a Potential Precursor to Metastasis in Localized and Locally Advanced/Metastatic Breast Cancer among Iraqi Patients.
Abdallah M, Aziz IH, Alsammarraie AZ
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 38450330 · Full text
Breast cancer (BC) stands as the most prevalent form of carcinoma among women, ranking as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the female population. The objective of this study is to assess the expres...
Breast cancer (BC) stands as the most prevalent form of carcinoma among women, ranking as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the female population. The objective of this study is to assess the expression of miR-10b and determine its diagnostic and prognostic significance in breast cancer patients across various disease stages. The investigation was carried out in Baghdad at the Oncology Teaching Hospital within Baghdad Medical City and the Oncology Unit at Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital. A total of 150 samples were included and divided into two groups: the blood group consisting of 90 samples (including control subjects, localized BC patients, and those with metastatic and locally advanced BC) and the tissue group comprising 60 samples (representing both benign and malignant BC cases). The study spanned from March 2022 to January 2023, with patients' ages ranging from 24 to 75 years. The primary focus of this investigation was to identify the gene expression of miRNA-10b in all sample types. This was achieved by measuring gene expression levels and normalizing them to the level of a housekeeping gene (U6), and quantification was carried out considering the ΔCt value and the fold change method (2). The results revealed an upregulated fold expression of miRNA-10b, particularly in locally advanced and metastatic BC, where the expression was significantly higher compared to the other groups, with a fold expression of 1.770 ± 0.1070. In localized breast cancer, the fold expression was 1.624 ± 0.064, and in malignant tissue, it measured 1.546 ± 0.06754, all relative to apparently healthy control subjects. In summary, our research provides compelling evidence supporting the classification of miRNA-10b as an oncogenic factor in BC. The central involvement of miRNA-10b in the tumorigenic processes of BC highlights its reference for developing novel targeted therapeutic interventions and detection biomarkers for BC treatment. Notably, elevated expression of miRNA-10b was observed in BC tissues, correlating with an unfavorable distant metastasis-free survival outcome.
A Pilot Study of the Combination of Entinostat with Capecitabine in Advanced Breast Cancer.
Millard T, Brenin C, Humphrey C … +5 more , Dhakal A, Falkson C, Petroni G, Wages NA, Dillon P
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 38356965 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer has an unacceptably high recurrence rate when any residual disease is found following neoadjuvant treatment of high-risk disease. Based on clinical data suggesting an adjuvant role for epigeneti...
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer has an unacceptably high recurrence rate when any residual disease is found following neoadjuvant treatment of high-risk disease. Based on clinical data suggesting an adjuvant role for epigenetic modifying agents in breast cancer and preclinical data suggesting synergistic activity of entinostat combined with capecitabine, we conducted a phase I, open-label study of these agents in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Both agents have published doses for use in combination therapy, but the agents had not previously been combined with each other in a human trial. METHODS: A multisite phase I dose escalation study was performed at two academic centers. Patients with pretreated, HER2-negative MBC, and measurable disease were enrolled. Dual dose escalation was performed via a Bayesian partial order continual assessment method. Dose levels ranged from entinostat 3 mg to 5 mg and capecitabine 800 mg/m to 1000 mg/m. RESULTS: Thirteen patients with MBC and a median of 4 lines of prior therapy were enrolled across four dose level combinations. The most common toxicities were neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and palmar-plantar dysesthesia, which were expected toxicities. No new safety signals were observed. One dose-limiting toxicity was observed, which did not exceed a prespecified toxicity rate of 25%. The median treatment duration was 2.37 months. No partial nor complete responses were observed. The study was halted early prior to entering an expansion phase, due to drug supply limitations. CONCLUSION: The tested dosing combinations of entinostat and capecitabine are likely safe in heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer. This study's clinical investigation of entinostat in breast cancer was halted, but drug development of this agent continues outside the US. There remains a need for postoperative adjuvant drug therapy for the subpopulation of breast cancer patients with high-risk residual cancer after curative therapy. This trial is registered with NCT03473639.
Strategies to Promote Empowerment Status of Breast Cancer Women.
Bahrami MA, Tabari S, Tahmasebi S … +2 more , Zangouri V, Ravangard R
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 38348180 · Full text
BACKGROUND: As the second leading cause of death in women in the world, breast cancer has several physical and psychological effects. Nowadays, nonclinical approaches such as patient empowerment have been considered by p...
BACKGROUND: As the second leading cause of death in women in the world, breast cancer has several physical and psychological effects. Nowadays, nonclinical approaches such as patient empowerment have been considered by physicians along with clinical care. Given the increasing number of breast cancer women worldwide, promoting the empowerment of these patients is one of the key factors affecting their survival and quality of life. Therefore, because of no comprehensive research on the empowerment needs and related improvement strategies, this study is aimed at determining the empowerment status of breast cancer patients referred to the Shahid Motahari Breast Cancer Clinic in Iran, Shiraz, and at providing strategies to improve their empowerment in 2021. METHODS: This applied study was conducted in two phases. In the quantitative phase, 310 Cancer-Related Patient Empowerment Scale questionnaires (Persian format) were distributed among the studied patients selected through the random sampling method in the clinic, and the items with "unacceptable status" became the basis for determining the empowerment strategies through the scoping review and semistructured interviews with 22 medical staff and patients through the thematic analysis. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 and MAXQDA10 software. RESULTS: The mean score of the participants' empowerment strategies was 3.58. The results showed that trust in the physician, family support, and spiritual beliefs could affect the empowerment of the studied patients. Moreover, the participants needed empowerment strategies in 11 scale items with unacceptable status, for which 46 strategies were determined in the scoping review and interview phase. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provided useful strategies for empowering breast cancer patients, the most important of which were classified into five categories of financial support, informational support, interaction with the physician, occupational support, and complementary therapies, the use of which by the stakeholders could help to improve the patients' quality of life while improving their empowerment.
Exploring Anti-Breast Cancer Effects of Live and Its Cell-Free Supernatant Isolated from Human Breast Milk.
Adumuah NN, Quarshie JT, Danwonno H … +2 more , Aikins AR, Ametefe EN
Int J Breast Cancer · 2024 · PMID 38314029 · Full text
Current breast cancer treatment options are limited by drug resistance and adverse side effects, which calls for the need for alternatives or complementary remedies. Probiotic bacteria isolated from human breast milk hav...
Current breast cancer treatment options are limited by drug resistance and adverse side effects, which calls for the need for alternatives or complementary remedies. Probiotic bacteria isolated from human breast milk have been shown to possess proapoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties against breast mastitis in breastfeeding mothers and are being studied as possible anticancer regimens. Thus, this study aimed at exploring the effect of lactic acid bacteria isolated from human breast milk on MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells. A total of twenty-two bacteria were isolated from four human breast milk samples. The isolates were characterized and identified using biochemical tests and Sanger sequencing, respectively. For in vitro experiments, we used isolated to treat MDA-MB-231 cells, and an MTT assay was used to detect proliferation. RT-qPCR and wound healing assays were performed to determine the effect of the isolated on breast cancer cytokine expression and migration. Exposure of MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells to live and its cell-free supernatant (CFS) for 24 h resulted in a reduction in cancer cell viability. Also, the expression of the cytokines , , and in the breast cancer cells increased following exposure to and its CFS for 24 and 72 h. Additionally, the levels of the gene remained unchanged while the gene was upregulated following exposure of the cancer cells to bacteria, indicating that may promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer. Finally, the CFS significantly inhibited cancer cell mobility. These findings serve as a foundation to further investigate the usefulness of as a potential therapeutic agent in breast cancer therapy.
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