Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 42384983
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This article analyzes the relationship between observations by the American educator Robert King Hall on the national integration of immigrants in Brazil and his proposals for education in postwar Japan. Hall's 1940 trip...This article analyzes the relationship between observations by the American educator Robert King Hall on the national integration of immigrants in Brazil and his proposals for education in postwar Japan. Hall's 1940 trip to Brazil under the aegis of the Good Neighbor Policy exposed him to Japanese teaching methods, knowledge which equipped him to subsequently participate in educational reforms in occupied Japan. In line with studies on the circulation of knowledge, this analysis addresses Hall's work on Brazilian and Japanese education, and argues that his experience in Brazil was important for his role as an intellectual in the service of the US government.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 42384982
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This article explores the uses of historical cartography in the territorial dispute between the states of Piauí and Ceará in a civil suit (1.831/2011) filed in Brazil's Supreme Court. We base our analysis on historical m...This article explores the uses of historical cartography in the territorial dispute between the states of Piauí and Ceará in a civil suit (1.831/2011) filed in Brazil's Supreme Court. We base our analysis on historical maps from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries in order to understand continuities and transformations in how this region is represented. This analysis is then contrasted with documentation from the Overseas Historical Archive and the Brazilian Army's Technical Report on the dispute in order to relate the active role played by the environment, political influences with representations of the zones involved in the dispute, showing how cartography still serves to "reflect the world."
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 Apr · PMID 42233873
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This article explores how political and health authorities in Chile responded to smallpox epidemics. It focuses on the methods employed (isolation, variolation, and vaccination) and the institutional strengthening that l...This article explores how political and health authorities in Chile responded to smallpox epidemics. It focuses on the methods employed (isolation, variolation, and vaccination) and the institutional strengthening that led to mandatory smallpox vaccination. We argue that these responses reflect the centralization of state power in public health and a process of institutional consolidation. However, the implementation of these policies met with passive resistance, as evidenced by low vaccination rates in the first half of the twentieth century. This reveals tensions between state health objectives and their social acceptance.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 42233808
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Based on observations and interviews carried out in Maputo and Inhambane and on an analysis of primary sources from the Historical Archive of Mozambique, we show how the Africans in contact with the Methodist Episcopal C...Based on observations and interviews carried out in Maputo and Inhambane and on an analysis of primary sources from the Historical Archive of Mozambique, we show how the Africans in contact with the Methodist Episcopal Church were not passive victims of Protestant proselytism in that they showed agency by adapting creatively to exploit its presence in a context of leprosy. The research shows how new identities have been created in the researcher-researched relationship, but also how issues related to cultural shock and gender relations have permeated research in the field.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 42233807
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This study uses a critical intellectual history perspective to examine letters between Renato Ferraz Kehl and Antonio Mendes Correia, who were active in eugenic discourse in Brazil and Portugal. This correspondence serve...This study uses a critical intellectual history perspective to examine letters between Renato Ferraz Kehl and Antonio Mendes Correia, who were active in eugenic discourse in Brazil and Portugal. This correspondence serves as a vehicle of scientific consecration, revealing a transatlantic field of asymmetric exchanges marked by disputes for prestige, editorial strategies and epistemic authority. Based on the categories of habitus and symbolic capital, the letters are seen as performative artifacts of eugenic rationality, located between the intimate and the institutional. Our analysis reveals not only the contents but also the silences and frustrations within this relationship, showing how eugenics was negotiated and instrumentalized in the Atlantic Luso-Brazilian Atlantic context.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 42233806
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Children's and young adult literature is often seen as a means to introduce this public to cultural discussions about science. This would aim to promote scientific careers and reduce gender gaps. The article shows how Co...Children's and young adult literature is often seen as a means to introduce this public to cultural discussions about science. This would aim to promote scientific careers and reduce gender gaps. The article shows how Colombian literary tradition has facilitated this goal by combining moral instruction and rational entertainment, portraying the historical scientist as a wise, gifted, and self-taught child misunderstood by society. This raises the question of whether this imagery addresses scientific careers and gender gaps.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 42138887
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This article studies the changes in the psychopathological models established in Spanish mental medicine between 1870s and 1910s. Its primary sources are clinical histories and reference texts published in various media...This article studies the changes in the psychopathological models established in Spanish mental medicine between 1870s and 1910s. Its primary sources are clinical histories and reference texts published in various media during this period. The study discusses how the introduction of the theory of degeneration occurred with conceptual changes, including the incorporation of new French psychopathology that emerged at the end of the nineteenth century. This integration allowed for the development of a new theoretical framework to better understand the internal experience of madness.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 42138885
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The health sector pioneered the dialog with society, the media, health professionals and decision-makers, due to great public interest in this area and its social responsibility. Two internationally prestigious journals...The health sector pioneered the dialog with society, the media, health professionals and decision-makers, due to great public interest in this area and its social responsibility. Two internationally prestigious journals with two centuries of history (The New England Journal of Medicine and The Lancet) are examples of communication strategies that extend beyond the walls of academia. This article analyzes the editorial policies, commemorative editorials and communication strategies of these two journals in order to understand their relationship with the public throughout history. This analysis shows that communication to non-experts is an important part of editorial policies, and has expanded over the years in both journals.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 41919843
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The Instituto de Investigação Científica de Angola [Angola Institute of Scientific Research] was a Portuguese colonial institution created in 1955. As an instrument of Portugal's occupation in Africa during the New State...The Instituto de Investigação Científica de Angola [Angola Institute of Scientific Research] was a Portuguese colonial institution created in 1955. As an instrument of Portugal's occupation in Africa during the New State period, it played a determining role in promoting science and research activities in the natural sciences and humanities, giving rise to organizations that still exist today, such as Angola's regional and national museums. In this article we analyze new documentation to understand the history of the institute, from its founding to its decline and transformation.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 41919842
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This article explores images from the covers and advertisements for drugs from Bayer and Vikelp in an effort to investigate the survival of Greco-Roman antiquity in the illustrated magazine Eu Sei Tudo, which circulated...This article explores images from the covers and advertisements for drugs from Bayer and Vikelp in an effort to investigate the survival of Greco-Roman antiquity in the illustrated magazine Eu Sei Tudo, which circulated in Brazil from 1917 to 1958. The analysis utilizes theoretical and methodological references and concepts from Aby Warburg in his analyses on nymphs and Georges Didi-Huberman, who also considered the surviving imagery. We question the presence of divine characters in the magazine, with a focus on the ideals of beauty, perfection and strength propagated by the pharmaceutical industry, as well as Greco-Roman references in modern representations of health and the healthy body.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 41779545
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This paper analyzes the career of Silvio Dessy, an Italian physician who immigrated to Argentina in 1898, to explore the development of science-related professional careers outside the academic field. Dessy combined his...This paper analyzes the career of Silvio Dessy, an Italian physician who immigrated to Argentina in 1898, to explore the development of science-related professional careers outside the academic field. Dessy combined his work in public research with the commercial exploitation of therapeutic products, culminating in the creation of the Argentine Biological Institute in 1908, a company dedicated to the production of serum and vaccines. Based on Dessy's case, we investigate how, during the early days of bacteriology in Argentina, the development of science was not exclusively linked to public research but also provided opportunities to pursue private initiatives.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 41779544
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This paper analyzes the evolutionary and racial ideas of Andrés Molina Enríquez contained in his work Los grandes problemas nacionales (1909). The work explores the concepts of superior and inferior societies, human race...This paper analyzes the evolutionary and racial ideas of Andrés Molina Enríquez contained in his work Los grandes problemas nacionales (1909). The work explores the concepts of superior and inferior societies, human races, indigenous attributes, and mestizaje. The analysis suggests that these themes are influenced by Molina Enríquez's evolutionary interpretations, based on Ernst Haeckel and Charles Darwin. Four ideas are elaborated here: internal and external forces in Haeckel and Darwin; races, from Darwin to physiology; individual and collective selection; and Molina Enríquez and Mexican evolutionism. These sections show that the author studied was a significant evolutionist in Mexico during the Porfiriato.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 41739688
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Different systems for controlling smallpox in the early nineteenth century are investigated, considering the actions of different agents, mechanisms, and strategies involved in its organization, manufacture, and distribu...Different systems for controlling smallpox in the early nineteenth century are investigated, considering the actions of different agents, mechanisms, and strategies involved in its organization, manufacture, and distribution. This dangerous disease emerged in the Americas following European colonization. Immunization practices arrived in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata in 1805, coordinated first by the Protomedicato and later through the Conservatory of Vaccines. The economic hardship and wars of the fledging state hindered the inoculation of human and cowpox viruses. Humans were used as viral reservoirs, yet the epidemics remained uncontrolled. Replication of European experiments to obtain similar viruses failed to provide a safe product.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 41670145
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This article analyzes the construction of the zoological and botanical gardens for Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, in Belém, northern Brazil. Opened in 1895 on a single property, the museum's grounds were expanded over alm...This article analyzes the construction of the zoological and botanical gardens for Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, in Belém, northern Brazil. Opened in 1895 on a single property, the museum's grounds were expanded over almost fifty years until they occupied the entire block - where it remains to this day. The research investigates the compulsory acquisition, with state and federal government support, of the neighboring properties, focusing on the political discourse formulated to justify the museum's expansion and the way the affected parties resisted the acquisitions. As a result, the museum's zoobotanical park is presented as a space in constant transformation, permeated by different meanings attributed by different social groups.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 41670144
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The paper presents and transcribes excerpts from an interview with Maria José von Paumgartten Deane in 1989 on her personal and professional trajectory, as part of Casa de Oswaldo Cruz's "Projeto Memória de Manguinhos."...The paper presents and transcribes excerpts from an interview with Maria José von Paumgartten Deane in 1989 on her personal and professional trajectory, as part of Casa de Oswaldo Cruz's "Projeto Memória de Manguinhos." The interviewee shares her experience in the field of science from the 1930s onward within a predominantly masculine context, as well as strategies for female affirmation, and also describes her experiences working with Evandro Chagas, scientific travels and lifelong partnership with Leônidas de Mello Deane.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 41670143
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This text examines Josué de Castro's Geografia humana: estudo da paisagem cultural do mundo, based on the theory of Pierre Bourdieu. We investigate Castro's professional and academic activity during the 1930s, focusing o...This text examines Josué de Castro's Geografia humana: estudo da paisagem cultural do mundo, based on the theory of Pierre Bourdieu. We investigate Castro's professional and academic activity during the 1930s, focusing on his educational strategies, international connections, and the text's editing process. Castro's work is shown to be unique for its critique of race and climate as determinants for human geography and its sensitivity to popular culture. Our analysis highlights the text's contribution to geography, with the development and questioning of concepts like race, acclimatization and acculturation, in dialog with anthropology. We also note ideas that appear later in Castro's book Geografia da fome.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 41670142
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This article aims to analyze the construction of aesthetic surgery as a "psychological therapy" among Argentine plastic surgeons in the first half of the twentieth century. To this end, it analyzes expert and popular med...This article aims to analyze the construction of aesthetic surgery as a "psychological therapy" among Argentine plastic surgeons in the first half of the twentieth century. To this end, it analyzes expert and popular medical publications produced by these specialists. The article begins by raising a legal controversy surrounding the therapeutic value of aesthetic surgery. Based on this controversy, it analyzes the psychological justifications put forward in the medical literature and some case narratives that demonstrate the "preventive" nature of these practices. It concludes with a discussion of the initiatives undertaken by Argentine plastic surgeons to ensure affordable access to aesthetic surgery.
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos
· 2026 · PMID 41670141
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The career of Honorio Delgado is a significant, albeit complex, position in the history of Peruvian and Latin American psychiatry. As an introducer of psychoanalysis and later a fierce opponent of Freudianism in the name...The career of Honorio Delgado is a significant, albeit complex, position in the history of Peruvian and Latin American psychiatry. As an introducer of psychoanalysis and later a fierce opponent of Freudianism in the name of a biomedical approach to mental disorders, we examine his shift based on additional sources. This research note examines the psychiatrist's journeys to Germany and the influence of his books. It also hypothesizes that extrascientific factors, related to his connections with the Nazi regime, may also have contributed to this rejection. Delgado's transatlantic engagement in a scientific conversation dominated by Europe at the time may have influenced his positions.
The article describes the relationship between the Pan American Health Organization and mental health in the period from 1948 to 1990. It is based on sources produced by the Pan American Health Organization itself and th...The article describes the relationship between the Pan American Health Organization and mental health in the period from 1948 to 1990. It is based on sources produced by the Pan American Health Organization itself and the World Health Organization. The research argues that the Pan American Health Organization emerged as a key transnational agency in positioning mental health on the Latin American health agenda and, during the Cold War, contested prevailing conceptions of and approaches to this field of public health.