Curr Drug Deliv [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Mechanistic and Phytochemical Basis of Shexiang Xintongning Against Atherosclerosis: Insights from Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.
Wang M, Cao G, Qiu X … +10 more , Yang R, Liu Y, Yu L, Ren L, Wang D, Li C, Yang W, Meng Z, Li Y, Yang Y
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Jul · PMID 42393890 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Shexiang Xintongning (SXN) is a Chinese medicinal compound used to treat cardiovascular diseases and has been formulated into a commercial tablet. Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory, SXN has...
INTRODUCTION: Shexiang Xintongning (SXN) is a Chinese medicinal compound used to treat cardiovascular diseases and has been formulated into a commercial tablet. Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory, SXN has anti-atherosclerotic effects. Despite its clinical application, the mechanism of action of SXN remains poorly understood. This research seeks to clarify the molecular pathways and active constituents through which SXN combats atherosclerosis. METHODS: In this study, network pharmacology was used to predict potential targets and biological processes involved in SXN's treatment of atherosclerosis (AS). AS was induced in mice by feeding them a high-fat diet (HFD). The anti-atherosclerosis effects of SXN were observed in the aorta, aortic root, and serum. Based on the screening pathways and targets, experimental analyses were conducted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its pharmacological action. RESULTS: The chemical constituents of SXN were identified using UPLC/MS-MS analysis. The main components, including Muscone, Jasmone, Tetramethylpyrazine, Ferulic acid, trans-Cinnamic acid, and Senkyunolide H, were identified. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that the antiatherosclerotic effects of SXN were closely associated with the HIF-1 signaling pathway and the key factor HIF-1α. SXN significantly reduced atherosclerotic plaque formation, improved lipid profiles, suppressed inflammation, and alleviated oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, SXN downregulated HIF-1α/HIF-2α while upregulating GPX4 and SLC7A11, indicating inhibition of ferroptosis. DISCUSSION: These findings suggest that SXN exerts anti-atherosclerotic effects mainly by modulating the HIF-1 signaling pathway, improving lipid metabolism, attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress, and inhibiting ferroptosis, thereby providing mechanistic support for its traditional use in cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSION: SXN demonstrates significant anti-atherosclerotic efficacy by targeting the HIF- 1α/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling axis, thereby elucidating novel mechanistic paradigms underlying cardiovascular therapeutic applications of Traditional Chinese Medicine and establishing ferroptosis as a critical molecular target for atherosclerotic disease intervention.
Design and Optimization of Beta-Caryophyllene Nanoemulgel for Enhanced Antihyperlipidemic Activity: A Response Surface Approach.
Udmale AV, Rane BR, Mutkule DS … +1 more , Jain AS
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Jun · PMID 42381134 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: After COVID-19, there has been a significant rise in cardiovascular complications, including an increased risk of myocardial infarction, primarily associated with elevated lipid concentrations in the bloods...
INTRODUCTION: After COVID-19, there has been a significant rise in cardiovascular complications, including an increased risk of myocardial infarction, primarily associated with elevated lipid concentrations in the bloodstream. β-caryophyllene (β-CP), a naturally occurring compound with a bicyclic sesquiterpene structure found in various plants and essential oils, has demonstrated inhibitory activity against hyperlipidemia. One of the most inventive solutions for problems with weak absorption and limited solubility is nanoemulsion. METHODS: In this study, β-CP nanoemulsion was prepared by a high-energy method followed by high-pressure homogenization (Panda Plus 2000) using Tween 80 and PEG 400 as surfactant and cosurfactant, respectively. The process was optimized using the Box-Behnken design, and the optimized nanoemulsion was incorporated into an in situ gel prepared by the cold method with poloxamer 407. RESULTS: Various parameters of the improved nanoemulsion were evaluated, revealing an average particle size (61.77 nm), Zeta potential (-28.3 mV), and PDI (0.238). It enhanced solubility up to fivefold, making it acceptable for absorption into the systemic circulation via intranasal delivery. The improved in situ gel had good viscosity, spreadability, gelation, and mucoadhesive strength for ionic contact with the nasal mucosa. The in vitro release study showed that the optimized in situ gel achieved the highest drug release of 98.71% within 12 hours. DISCUSSION: The improved solubility and sustained release were the result of the combined effect of nanoemulsion encapsulation and thermosensitive gelation. This dual system increased nasal residence time, enhanced absorption, and reduced side effects. Optimization using the Box-Behnken design ensured a stable and reproducible formulation. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that an in situ nasal nanogel could be the most efficient approach for delivering β-cp into the systemic circulation for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
Optimization of Andrographolide Nanocrystal-loaded Liposomes by Box-Behnken Design and its and Evaluation.
Tu L, Wang S, Wu H … +5 more , Zou Z, Xing B, Yang L, Lu Z, Cheng M
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Jun · PMID 42381133 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: The optimum process for andrographolide nanocrystal-loaded liposomes was optimized using Box-Behnken design, and its in vitro and in vivo evaluation was subsequently studied. METHODS: Scanning electron micr...
INTRODUCTION: The optimum process for andrographolide nanocrystal-loaded liposomes was optimized using Box-Behnken design, and its in vitro and in vivo evaluation was subsequently studied. METHODS: Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry were used to study the physical and chemical properties. Short-term stability was assessed by measuring changes in particle size and PDI. The in vitro release behavior of andrographolide nanocrystals, andrographolide liposomes, and andrographolide nanocrystal- loaded liposomes in pure water and PBS buffer was studied by the dialysis bag method. The pharmacokinetic properties of andrographolide formulations in vivo were explored when using male Sprague-Dawley rats. RESULTS: Encapsulation within liposomes, regardless of the initial drug form, effectively sustained the drug, with Slow release of 80 % in PBS (p<0.05). Andrographolide nanocrystal-loaded liposomes had good short-term stability. Additionally, the pharmacokinetic behavior showed that, excluding the higher Cmax of andrographolide liposomes and andrographolide nanocrystal-loaded liposomes, the pharmacokinetic parameters were similar (p<0.05). These hardly improve the pharmacokinetic behaviors by the intravenous route, and the potential mechanisms for the widely reported higher therapeutic efficacy of these technologies may be enhanced target efficacy or cellular uptake. DISCUSSION: This study conducted in vitro and in vivo performance tests on liposomes loaded with nanocrystals, and explored the performance of this preparation from various perspectives. CONCLUSION: This nanocrystal-loaded liposomes display great potential for the therapeutic mechanisms of nanoformulations, and helps researchers to better design and understand the therapeutic mechanisms of nanoformulations.
Development and Assessment of Rutin/Betamethasone-Loaded PAN-PVP Nanofibers for Wound Healing Applications.
Alotaibi BS, Sana A, Cheng H … +6 more , Yasin H, Huang X, Rafique S, Khan AK, Ijaz M, Murtaza G
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Jun · PMID 42337892 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to fabricate dual drug-loaded electrospun nanofibers composed of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) incorporating betamethasone dipropionate and rutin hydrate for improv...
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to fabricate dual drug-loaded electrospun nanofibers composed of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) incorporating betamethasone dipropionate and rutin hydrate for improved wound healing. METHODS: The nanofibers were characterized by various approaches, including SEM, FTIR, TGA, and XRD. RESULTS: SEM images confirmed the formation of nanofibers with beaded morphology due to low solution viscosity. FTIR confirmed the presence of all components, while TGA indicated improved thermal stability upon drug loading. Franz-cell diffusion studies showed sustained drug release, and antibacterial assessments demonstrated effective inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In vivo, the drug-loaded nanofibers significantly accelerated wound contraction within 17 days. Histopathological evaluation (H&E staining) confirmed enhanced re-epithelialization and collagen organization compared to the marketed formulation. DISCUSSION: The combined anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of betamethasone and rutin, delivered through a PAN-PVP fibrous matrix, contributed to rapid tissue repair, reduced inflammation, and effective microbial control. The sustained release behavior and favorable physicochemical properties underscore the suitability of the PAN-PVP system for multifunctional wound dressings. These findings highlight the potential translational value of dual-drug electrospun nanofibers as an advanced therapeutic option for managing complex wounds. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate the potential of PAN-PVP nanofibers as a wound dressing platform for localized transdermal delivery.
QbD-Driven Rational Design of Vancomycin-Loaded Nanocubosome Ocular Gels: Augmenting Precorneal Retention and Improving Anti-MRSA Keratitis Treatment.
Rathod A, Patel P, Patel N
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Jun · PMID 42300293 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Vancomycin hydrochloride (VAN) is the treatment of choice for methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) keratitis, but poor corneal penetration, epithelial toxicity, and the need for frequent dosi...
INTRODUCTION: Vancomycin hydrochloride (VAN) is the treatment of choice for methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) keratitis, but poor corneal penetration, epithelial toxicity, and the need for frequent dosing highlight the need for advanced formulations. This study aimed to develop a VAN-loaded nanocubosomal in situ ophthalmic gel to enhance corneal bioavailability and residence time. METHODS: VAN-loaded nanocubosomes (VAN-NCs) were prepared using a melt-dispersion emulsification technique based on Quality by Design (QbD) principles. The optimized nanocubosomes were incorporated into a pH-responsive in situ gel containing Carbopol 934 and HPMC E3. RESULTS: The optimized formulation VAN-NCs exhibited a mean particle size of 100.8 nm, low PDI (0.15), high encapsulation efficiency (91.9%), and zeta potential of -20.4 mV. Glyceryl monooleate concentration, Poloxamer 407 level, and sonication time were identified as critical factors, achieving a desirability of 0.975. The in situ gel showed rapid pH-triggered gelation, sustained vancomycin release (~90% over 24 h; n = 0.82), and significantly higher ex vivo corneal permeation compared with free VAN gel. Stability studies confirmed >95% drug content over 30 days. DISCUSSION: The optimized nanocubosomal in situ gel improved vancomycin ocular delivery by enhancing corneal permeation and sustaining drug release. The QbD-established design space confirmed formulation robustness and suitability of GMO-Poloxamer nanocubosomes for controlled ophthalmic antibiotic delivery. CONCLUSION: The VAN-NCs in situ gel demonstrated controlled drug release, enhanced corneal permeation, and good physicochemical stability. These results support its potential as an improved ocular delivery system for bacterial keratitis, warranting further in vivo evaluation.
Curcumin-based Nanotherapeutics to Combat Neurodegenerative Disease: Drug Delivery Strategies and Therapeutic Potential.
Mishra Y, Mishra V
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Jun · PMID 42283188 · Publisher ↗
Curcumin (CUR) has been used as a medicine, colouring agent, and flavouring agent for thousands of years. Polyphenolic active constituents of turmeric show antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, astri...
Curcumin (CUR) has been used as a medicine, colouring agent, and flavouring agent for thousands of years. Polyphenolic active constituents of turmeric show antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, astringent, and other valuable properties. Numerous studies on animals have demonstrated that CUR is safe, with no harmful effects on the kidney and liver, even at higher doses. This review article aims to gather information about the properties and the use of active constituents of CUR in nanotechnology-based treatment strategies for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). From scientific articles published in different scientific platforms, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, potentially relevant literature was compiled to update on CUR and innovative nanocarrier-based approaches for the treatment of NDs. The primary issue is the low solubility of CUR, so various nanocarriers with biocompatible, non-toxic, cost-effective, and biodegradable properties are used today to increase solubility, enhance penetration rate, reduce dose recurrence, and improve efficacy. It is believed that the phenolic compounds found in turmeric have a neuroprotective effect. Based on numerous pharmacological practices, CUR has been identified as an ideal candidate for various neurological disorders. It can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), exhibiting remarkable anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Use of CUR with nanocarriers can be a potent therapeutic option for NDs.
Corrigendum to: Nanoparticle-Mediated Transcytosis in Tumor Drug Delivery: Mechanisms, Categories, and Novel Applications.
Doaa N, Detorgma SLR, Yang K … +2 more , Salama R, Zhang W
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 · PMID 42272174 · Publisher ↗
In the published article [1], text under heading 5 was inadvertently omitted during the final processing of the manuscript. This error has now been corrected, and the references have been updated. This correction does no...
In the published article [1], text under heading 5 was inadvertently omitted during the final processing of the manuscript. This error has now been corrected, and the references have been updated. This correction does not affect the scientific content, data interpretation, or conclusions of the article. The original article is available online at: https://www.benthamscience.com/article/143767 The publisher apologizes for any inconvenience caused to the authors and readers. Details of the correction is provided below: Corrected: 5. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AMT, RMT, AND CMT AMT, RMT, and CMT represent distinct transcytosis mechanisms: AMT relies on non-specific electrostatic interactions, RMT depends on specific binding to cellsurface receptors, while CMT utilizes carrier cells (e.g., immune cells) to transport drugs or nanoparticles. The key differences between these mechanisms are summarized in Table 2.
Investigating FadD32 as a Target for 7-Substituted Coumarin Derivatives and Other Potential Antimycobacterial Agents.
Shamido S, Joubert J, Sampson S … +3 more , Kareem AI, du Plessis SM, Kapp E
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Jun · PMID 42261149 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: The growing burden of drug-resistant mycobacterial infections demands novel therapeutic agents. One strategy for discovering new tuberculosis (TB) drugs is to target essential proteins within validated bios...
INTRODUCTION: The growing burden of drug-resistant mycobacterial infections demands novel therapeutic agents. One strategy for discovering new tuberculosis (TB) drugs is to target essential proteins within validated biosynthetic pathways. FadD32 is a key enzyme in mycolic acid synthesis and is critical for the viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Accordingly, identifying potent FadD32 inhibitors represents a promising approach that may help circumvent resistance to existing TB drugs such as isoniazid. METHODS: This study employed structure-based drug design using molecular docking to evaluate the binding potential of 7-substituted coumarin derivatives and compounds from the Maybridge database against FadD32. Docking was performed using Hybrid 4.0 software. Top-scoring ligands were screened for antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis mc²155 using the Alamar Blue assay. RESULTS: All 7-substituted coumarin derivatives exhibited better docking scores than the native ligand of FadD32. Additionally, 14 Maybridge compounds, including diverse scaffolds, also showed favorable docking results. Among them, HTS08202 (a benzimidazole derivative) demonstrated significant activity, inhibiting M. smegmatis mc2155 by 94.12% (±2.34%) and 94.82% (±1.73%) at 50 μM and 25 μM, respectively. CP15, a coumarin-based compound, achieved 82.38% (±3.18%) inhibition at 50 μM. Cytotoxicity assessment revealed that HTS08202 was not toxic at 25 μM, its active concentration. DISCUSSION: The findings highlight the potential of both benzimidazole and coumarin-based derivatives as promising leads for antimycobacterial drug development. The favorable docking scores and biological activity suggest that FadD32 inhibition may be a viable strategy to overcome resistance mechanisms in TB. HTS08202 stands out for its higher inhibition and lower cytotoxicity, and requires further optimization and in vivo evaluation. CONCLUSION: The identified compounds, especially HTS08202 merit further investigation as potential antimycobacterial agents.
Innovative Drug Delivery Strategies for Enhanced Treatment of Antimicrobial Resistance.
Wal P, Wal A, Kumar A … +6 more , Chellammal HSJ, Patra PK, Bhise MR, Kumar D, Gupta S, Gasmi A
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Jun · PMID 42253255 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a major global health threat, driven by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics. Traditional drug delivery systems face significant limitations in effectively addressin...
INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a major global health threat, driven by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics. Traditional drug delivery systems face significant limitations in effectively addressing this issue, including poor targeting, low bioavailability, and the development of resistance. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems (NDDS) have emerged as a novel approach to overcome these limitations and combat resistant bacteria by improving drug delivery and targeting. This review aims to evaluate the mechanisms of AMR and the effectiveness of nanoparticle- based drug delivery systems in combating resistant bacteria. METHODS: The methodology employed in this review involved a systematic search of peer-reviewed literature in databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search strategy focused on identifying relevant articles using keywords and phrases such as "nanoparticle drug delivery systems," "antimicrobial resistance," "nanomedicine," "liposomes," "nanoemulsions," and "polymeric nanoparticles." The review included studies evaluating the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance, the applications of NDDS, and their implications and advancements in combating AMR. RESULTS: Nanoscale drug delivery vehicles and antibacterial nanoparticles have demonstrated significant potential as effective treatments for infections. Nanoparticles, with their small and controllable size, offer unique properties such as enhanced reactivity, a functionalizable structure, and a high surface area-to-volume ratio. NDDS, including liposomes, nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and metal nanoparticles, have gained attention due to their ability to enhance drug bioavailability and targeting effectiveness. CONCLUSION: Nanoparticles present a promising strategy to combat AMR. Their capacity to bypass traditional resistance mechanisms and improve drug delivery underscores their potential in the development of effective antimicrobial therapies. Further research is essential to optimize nanoparticle formulations for clinical translation, ensuring their safety and efficacy in treating resistant bacterial infections. This review highlights the importance of integrating nanotechnology into antimicrobial strategies to address the growing challenge of AMR.
Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Smart Platform for Targeted Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy.
Sonwane S, Khobragade S, Ingle R
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Jun · PMID 42253254 · Publisher ↗
The global increase in the incidence of cancer, which is responsible for approximately ten million deaths annually, underscores the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies beyond conventional treatments such as...
The global increase in the incidence of cancer, which is responsible for approximately ten million deaths annually, underscores the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies beyond conventional treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. These traditional methods often result in significant adverse effects, necessitating the exploration of targeted approaches to mitigate toxicity and enhance efficacy. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising candidates for advanced cancer treatment, offering unique advantages through their highly porous structures, tunable properties, and multifunctionality. MOFs can enhance drug loading, enable controlled release, and improve targeting specificity, thereby reducing systemic toxicity. Their adaptability allows for combination therapies, theranostic applications, and gene delivery systems. Various metal organic framework (MOF) types, such as Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs), Isoreticular- MOFs, and Materials of Institute Lavoisier (MIL), have shown potential in delivering diverse therapeutic agents across different cancer types, including breast, liver, ovarian, and oral cancers. Advancements in synthesis techniques, such as microwave-assisted and electrochemical methods, have improved the efficiency and scalability of MOF production. The integration of MOFs into cancer therapeutics presents a transformative approach to address the limitations of traditional therapies, aiming to improve patient outcomes through targeted and personalized treatment modalities. Future research will focus on enhancing MOF biocompatibility and optimizing their clinical applications, positioning them as cornerstones in the next generation of cancer therapies.
Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Emerging Strategies and Future Perspectives.
Dhanawat M, Garima, Chaubey P … +4 more , Bhushan B, Wilson K, Nair AK, Mittal N
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 May · PMID 42227515 · Publisher ↗
The development of nanoparticles has led to several therapeutic approaches that address the drawbacks of traditional drug delivery, including poor transmembrane transport, short circulation times, insufficient stability...
The development of nanoparticles has led to several therapeutic approaches that address the drawbacks of traditional drug delivery, including poor transmembrane transport, short circulation times, insufficient stability and dissolution, and unfavorable toxicity. These nanosystems enhance bioavailability and reduce off-target toxicity through targeted delivery and controlled release. Recent advancements have led to the development of various nanocarriers, including polymeric nanoparticles, mesoporous nanoparticles, nanotubes, dendrimers, liposomes, metallic nanoparticles, nanomedicine, and synthetic nanostructures. These systems provide spatiotemporal regulation of drug release, reducing systemic exposure and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. In addition to traditional carriers, innovative approaches like stimuli-responsive nanomaterials, multifunctional systems, and theranostic platforms are advancing the field toward more intelligent, personalized therapies. These innovations include real-time monitoring, enhanced targeting, and synergistic treatment strategies that combine diagnostics with therapy. This review offers actionable guidance for researchers developing next-generation nanoparticle-based drug delivery platforms with enhanced clinical relevance.
Smart Stimuli-responsive Nanocarriers in Nanotechnology-based Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.
Joshi S, Muleva G, Borse L … +2 more , Vinchurkar K, Singh S
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 May · PMID 42220123 · Publisher ↗
Drug resistance, systemic toxicity, and poor selectivity limit existing therapy for cancer, which continues to be one of the most urgent global health issues. Intelligent, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers that enable site...
Drug resistance, systemic toxicity, and poor selectivity limit existing therapy for cancer, which continues to be one of the most urgent global health issues. Intelligent, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers that enable site-specific drug delivery, enhance bioavailability, and reduce adverse effects have been made possible by advances in nanotechnology. The foundations of nanomedicine are covered in this chapter, along with FDA-approved nanodrugs that have helped in clinical translation. Therapeutics can be delivered in a controlled, sustained, and co-delivered manner thanks to smart nanocarriers like liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, and carbon-based systems that are designed to react to both internal (pH, redox gradients, enzyme activity, hypoxia) and external (temperature, light, magnetic fields, ultrasound) stimuli. Stability, targeting, and imaging capabilities are enhanced by functional biomaterials, including biocompatible polymers (PEG, PLGA, chitosan) and inorganic components (gold, iron oxide, silica). Their theragnostic uses are emphasized, especially when combined with fluorescence, MRI, and PET imaging for real-time monitoring. Along with release mechanisms like the Enhanced Permeability and Retention effect, the chapter also examines the co-delivery of genes and medications. Stability in biological fluids, tumour heterogeneity, immunogenicity, and regulatory hurdles remain issues despite advancements. In precision oncology, new approaches such as biomimetic engineering, AI-assisted carrier design, and tailored nanomedicine present encouraging avenues for safer, patient-specific cancer treatment.
Recent Advances in dental Application of Calcium Silicate-Based Cements Modified with Nanoparticle Additives: A Narrative Review.
Eskandari F, Aghili SS, Asheghi B … +10 more , Jalalvand S, Bazoonand A, Mosaddad SM, Rahimi H, Moghaddam SAM, Rahimi S, Soufdoost RS, Mosaddad SA, Hussain A, Tebyaniyan H
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 May · PMID 42220122 · Publisher ↗
Calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs), such as mineral trioxide aggregate, are self-setting hydraulic cements and are among the commonly used endodontic materials due to their suitable sealing ability, marginal adaptatio...
Calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs), such as mineral trioxide aggregate, are self-setting hydraulic cements and are among the commonly used endodontic materials due to their suitable sealing ability, marginal adaptation, and bioactivity. In this regard, efforts have been made to develop novel CSCs to improve their properties. Nanotechnology has left a significant impact on all scientific fields, and biomaterials are no exception. The higher surface-to-volume ratio of nanoparticles (NPs) and their cationic charge enhance their antibacterial activity by interacting with anionic bacterial cell surfaces. Incorporating NPs into CSCs can enhance their antibacterial, mechanical, and biological properties. The small size of nanoparticles increases surface area and reactivity, which can improve cement's overall performance, especially in combating bacteria and enhancing sealing. Inspired by the unique properties of nanoparticles, researchers have investigated the effects of incorporating various nanoparticles (e.g., silver NPs, hydroxyapatite NPs, and zinc oxide NPs) into CSCs to enhance their properties. Thus, this review focuses on attempts to improve CSCs by incorporating various nanoparticles. The antibacterial, physicochemical, and biological properties of CSCs after the addition of nanoparticles will be discussed. Further investigations are needed to clarify the unexplored aspects of incorporating nanoparticles into CSCs to enhance the properties of these endodontic materials.
Research Progress on Alzheimer's Disease with Classical Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulas.
Zhao J, Tian G, Qu Y … +5 more , Liu Y, Wu W, Dai L, Zhang G, An F
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 May · PMID 42220121 · Publisher ↗
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is caused by complex pathological changes and is a problem that cannot be ignored by the global public health system. Its main clinical manifestations include progressive cognitive impairment, me...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is caused by complex pathological changes and is a problem that cannot be ignored by the global public health system. Its main clinical manifestations include progressive cognitive impairment, mental and psychological changes, and, in advanced stages, paralysis and loss of self-care ability. The economic and psychological burdens imposed on AD patients and their caregivers have been progressively exacerbating, while the annual expenditures on AD treatment by nations worldwide and by the United Nations have demonstrated a consistent upward trend rather than a decline. The treatment of AD remains challenging, with currently limited therapeutic options available. The advantages of the multi-target, multi-component, safe, and low-toxicity characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) have attracted public attention, providing ideas for the prevention and treatment of AD and for the development of new drugs. In this study, 27 TCM formulas reported to exhibit preventive and therapeutic effects on AD in basic or clinical research were identified and summarized. TCM can intervene in the progression of AD by clearing Aβ deposition, inhibiting Tau phosphorylation, reducing neuroinflammation, mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, and regulating gut microbiota. This review aims to provide evidence for further exploring the role and potential mechanisms of TCM in the prevention and treatment of AD, and to offer insights for the development of new anti-AD drugs.
Topical Delivery of Vorinostat-Loaded Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles Gel for the Treatment of Psoriasis.
Kaur T, Hinge N, Pukale S … +3 more , Nandave M, Ansari MN, Upadhyay J
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Apr · PMID 42083971 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LLCs) are promising nanocarriers for topical drug delivery due to their ability to enhance bioavailability and reduce systemic side effects. This study aimed to d...
INTRODUCTION: Lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LLCs) are promising nanocarriers for topical drug delivery due to their ability to enhance bioavailability and reduce systemic side effects. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a vorinostat-loaded LLCs gel for the treatment of psoriasis, to improve skin drug retention, therapeutic efficacy, and patient compliance. METHODS: Vorinostat-loaded LLCs were prepared using glycerol monooleate as the lipid phase and Poloxamer 407 as a stabilizer. The nanoparticles were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The LLCs were incorporated into a Carbopolbased gel and evaluated for in vitro drug release, skin permeation, and retention. In vivo efficacy was assessed in an imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model using PASI scoring, histopathology, and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The LLCs showed a particle size of 236.6 ± 7.05 nm, PDI of 0.27 ± 0.04, zeta potential of - 17.42 ± 0.28 mV, and entrapment efficiency of 81.65 ± 1.12%. Incorporation into gel enhanced skin drug retention by fourfold compared to plain vorinostat gel. The gel demonstrated sustained drug release up to 72 h without a burst effect. In vivo, vorinostat LLCs gel (0.05%) significantly reduced PASI scores, normalized histological features, and decreased Ki-67 expression compared to plain gel and marketed formulation. DISCUSSION: The enhanced therapeutic efficacy is due to the skin-lipid interactions of LLCs and their inherent hydrating properties, which together promote improved skin penetration, prolonged drug retention within the skin layers, and restoration of the skin barrier. Reduced systemic absorption further minimizes potential adverse effects, while the topical route ensures targeted delivery directly to psoriatic lesions. CONCLUSION: Vorinostat-loaded LLCs gel offers a stable, sustained-release, and skin-retentive formulation that significantly improves psoriasis treatment outcomes.
Bioactive Supermolecules: The Promising Assemblies Presented in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Li Z, Zheng Y, Ge H … +2 more , Wang L, Han C
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Apr · PMID 42083970 · Publisher ↗
Rooted in Eastern philosophy and culture, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has safeguarded human health for millennia and remains a vital source for novel drug discovery. Notably, supramolecular nanostructures, spontan...
Rooted in Eastern philosophy and culture, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has safeguarded human health for millennia and remains a vital source for novel drug discovery. Notably, supramolecular nanostructures, spontaneously formed through non-covalent interactions among multiple bioactive components, have been identified in TCM and show significant therapeutic potential. These supramolecules exhibit unique therapeutic advantages by improving the aqueous solubility of lipophilic bioactive constituents and demonstrating synergistic pharmacological effects with reduced toxicity profiles. This review consolidates recent advances in three categories of supramolecular nanoplatforms, focusing on: (1) self-assembled nanoaggregates from TCM decoction, (2) self-assembled carbonized nanoarchitectures from Chinese carbonized drugs, and (3) self-assembled extracellular vesicle-like nanoparticles from Chinese fresh herbs. This paper mainly introduces the nanoplatforms' morphology, self-assembled mechanisms, and pharmacological activities of these supramolecules. Bioactive supramolecular assemblies derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offer novel insights into TCM's material foundation and present potential therapeutic alternatives for disease treatment, thereby advancing TCM modernization efforts.
Lansoprazole/β-Cyclodextrin-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks: Development, Characterization, and Anti-Ulcer Activity Evaluation on Rats.
Alsulays BB
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Apr · PMID 42083969 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Gastric ulcers are among the most common diseases worldwide, affecting individuals of all ages and genders. Lansoprazole (LNS) is one of the first-choice treatments for ulcers. In this study, β-Cyclodextrin...
INTRODUCTION: Gastric ulcers are among the most common diseases worldwide, affecting individuals of all ages and genders. Lansoprazole (LNS) is one of the first-choice treatments for ulcers. In this study, β-Cyclodextrin-based metal-organic frameworks (β-CD-MOFs), which have recently attracted attention for biomedical applications, were used as carriers for LNS to enhance its physicochemical properties. METHODS: β-CD-MOF crystals were prepared, and LNS was successfully loaded into the crystals in the presence of MgO. Pure LNS and the formulation were characterized using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and in vitro release studies. The anti-ulcer activity was evaluated in male Wistar albino rats. RESULTS: Dissolution studies revealed that approximately 90% of LNS was released from the formulation within 60 minutes, and the formulation's color remained unchanged after exposure to light. The formulation demonstrated a significant reduction in mucosal erythema and mucosal surface lesions, as well as a higher percentage of ulcer index inhibition. DISCUSSION: Loading of LNS into β-CD-MOF enhanced its release and photostability. In vivo studies suggest that the formulation has a potent anti-ulcerogenic capability comparable to that of LNS. CONCLUSION: β-CD-MOF, a promising carrier in drug delivery, improves the properties of LNS and further enhances its anti-ulcer activity.
Nanotechnology-Based on Natural Medicines: A Promising Alternative for Psoriasis Management.
Wang T, Dai D, Li R … +2 more , Zhao L, Wang H
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Apr · PMID 42083968 · Publisher ↗
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathogenesis. Initially affecting the skin, it may also involve the nails and joints, often requiring lifelong medication. Despite recent advances in unders...
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathogenesis. Initially affecting the skin, it may also involve the nails and joints, often requiring lifelong medication. Despite recent advances in understanding its pathogenesis, the chronic and recurrent nature of psoriasis poses ongoing challenges for long-term drug management. While natural medicines offer higher safety profiles and fewer side effects compared to synthetic drugs, their development as clinical candidates for psoriasis is constrained by low bioavailability, limited solubility, poor permeability, and instability. For instance, specific nanocarriers have been shown to significantly improve therapeutic outcomes; curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (50 nm) demonstrated a 48.23±0.77% drug loading capacity with over 85% release within 72 hours, while hyaluronic acid-modified ethosomes increased skin retention by 2.3-fold compared to conventional formulations in preclinical models. This paper systematically reviews the structure and advantages of nanocarrier systems, including liposomes, nanoparticles, nanofibers, micelles, nanogels, and nanoemulsions. It focuses on the preparation, preclinical, and clinical progress of nanocarriers for key natural bioactive compounds, including resveratrol, curcumin, oleuropein, psoralen, natural oils, and complex natural mixtures. We aim to highlight the potential of nanotechnology-based on natural drugs as an alternative strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of psoriasis while reducing side effects.
Exosomes in Retinal Diseases: A Bibliometric Analysis of Trends and Themes.
Yuan J
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Apr · PMID 42083967 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Research on exosomes in retinal diseases has developed rapidly, but there is no clear summary of the overall publication pattern, core authors, and topics at different times. Using bibliometric methods to d...
INTRODUCTION: Research on exosomes in retinal diseases has developed rapidly, but there is no clear summary of the overall publication pattern, core authors, and topics at different times. Using bibliometric methods to describe the trend of outputs, main research groups, and changing hotspots from 2009-2025. METHODS: We searched for English-language original research papers on exosomes and retinal diseases in Web of Science Core Collection (2009-2025). Bibliometrix (R), CiteSpace, and VOSviewer were utilised to quantify the annual output and citations, determine the leading countries, institutions, authors, and journals, construct the collaboration network, and keyword co-occurrence/bursts. RESULTS: We included 244 articles. More than half of the publications were from China, followed by the United States and Japan. Tianjin Medical University and Nanjing Medical University produced the most papers. Experimental Eye Research published the highest number of papers. Among all authors, Hu Zizhong and Xie Ping had the greatest impact on the dataset. Keyword mapping found five themes and showed that the focus of research has changed over time. DISCUSSION: The five topics covered are as follows: (1) Mechanisms of exosome action; (2) Neuroprotection and regeneration; (3) Biomarkers and therapeutic applications; (4) Disease progression pathways; (5) Clinical translation and drug delivery. Recently, some work has gradually focused on exosome biogenesis, microRNA-related regulation, improved experimental models, and translational applications. CONCLUSION: Field conclusions are increasing and becoming increasingly related in different countries, institutions, and topics abroad. Analysis of the main contributors and focus movement; The focus has shifted from descriptive studies to mechanistic and translational research, and microRNArelated studies and exosome-based delivery strategies have become important directions for future retinal research.
Sublingual Drug Delivery Systems: Quality by Design Principles, Applications, Market Landscape, and Innovative Technologies.
Vvp AP, Rajagopal K, Reddy Karri VVS … +2 more , B G, Songa S
Curr Drug Deliv · 2026 Apr · PMID 42083966 · Publisher ↗
One promising alternative to the oral approach is drug administration via the oral mucosa. Sublingual refers to the administration of drugs through the mouth that are rapidly absorbed by the blood vessels "under the tong...
One promising alternative to the oral approach is drug administration via the oral mucosa. Sublingual refers to the administration of drugs through the mouth that are rapidly absorbed by the blood vessels "under the tongue." In terms of efficacy and patient compliance, the sublingual route is better than the oral route of delivery. Sublingual drug delivery systems provide a rapid onset of action, bypass first-pass liver extraction in the gastrointestinal route, and achieve high bioavailability through enzymatic degradation. This article highlights the quality-by-design philosophy, the everchanging market environment, and innovative sublingual drug delivery systems. A methodical approach to drug creation known as Quality by Design (QbD) emphasises incorporating quality into a product from the start rather than testing it after the fact. QbD ensures a robust, well-understood production process and a high-quality, safe, and effective sublingual product. Particularly for biomolecules and poorly soluble drugs, innovative technologies for sublingual drug delivery systems concentrate on increasing patient compliance, prolonging retention duration, and optimising drug absorption. 3D printing, sophisticated polymer systems, and micro- and nanotechnologies are instances of emerging strategies. The regulatory framework and current state of clinical trials in this field are also critically analyzed in this narrative review.
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