Eur J Ophthalmol [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Association of spousal smoking exposure with epiretinal membrane in lifelong non-smoking women: A dyadic analysis of KNHANES 2019-2021.
Kim SH, Kim YK
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jul · PMID 42393865 · Publisher ↗
PurposeAlthough the ocular toxicity of direct smoking is documented, the impact of spousal smoking on the vitreoretinal interface remains poorly understood. This study investigated the association between spousal smoking...
PurposeAlthough the ocular toxicity of direct smoking is documented, the impact of spousal smoking on the vitreoretinal interface remains poorly understood. This study investigated the association between spousal smoking exposure and the prevalence of epiretinal membrane (ERM) in lifelong non-smoking women.MethodsWe analyzed dyadic data from 2,301 lifelong non-smoking women cohabiting with male spouses from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2021). Spousal smoking was assessed by current status and pack-years. Experienced retinal specialists designated by the Korean Retina Society diagnosed ERM using fundus photography and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Survey-weighted logistic regression models estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for major covariates.ResultsIn the fully adjusted model, women with current-smoking spouses had a higher prevalence of ERM (OR = 1.357; 95% CI: 1.345-1.369; P < 0.001) compared to those with non-smoking spouses. Each 1-standard deviation increase in spousal cumulative smoking (15.1 pack-years) was associated with increased odds of ERM (OR = 1.046; 95% CI: 1.043-1.048; P < 0.001). Sensitivity analyses showed broadly similar findings.ConclusionOur findings suggest that spousal smoking exposure may be associated with the prevalence of ERM in lifelong non-smoking women, warranting longitudinal investigation to confirm these associations.
Long-term smoking and early-onset diabetic retinopathy in young-onset type 2 diabetes.
Li C, Lu S, Chen S … +3 more , Wu J, Lyu R, Zhou S
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42377307 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundYoung-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with prolonged disease duration and early development of complications such as diabetic retinopathy. Smoking is a modifiable risk factor, but longitudinal evid...
BackgroundYoung-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with prolonged disease duration and early development of complications such as diabetic retinopathy. Smoking is a modifiable risk factor, but longitudinal evidence in this population remains limited.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between long-term smoking and the risk of diabetic retinopathy, including earlier-occurring cases, in young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used electronic medical records and a diabetic complication database from Pu'er People's Hospital, this retrospective cohort study included 488 patients aged 18-39 with type 2 diabetes (2023-2025) and no DR at baseline. Patients were followed from diabetes diagnosis until DR, last fundus exam, death, or June 30, 2025. Smoking status and cumulative exposure were assessed, and patients were followed until incident diabetic retinopathy or censoring. Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression, restricted cubic splines, and sensitivity analyses were performed.ResultsDuring follow-up, 92 patients developed diabetic retinopathy, including 61 earlier-occurring cases. Smokers had a significantly higher cumulative incidence of diabetic retinopathy. Adjusted analyses showed that smoking was associated with increased risk of diabetic retinopathy (hazard ratio 1.78, 95% confidence interval 1.18-2.69) and earlier-occurring diabetic retinopathy (hazard ratio 1.92, 95% confidence interval 1.21-3.05). A nonlinear dose-response relationship was observed, with greater cumulative exposure associated with earlier onset.ConclusionLong-term smoking is associated with higher risk and earlier occurrence of diabetic retinopathy in young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus, supporting early screening and smoking cessation strategies in this high-risk population.
Optimizing mitomycin C in photorefractive keratectomy: A paired-eye comparison of 15- versus 30-second applications.
Okasha MG, Brakat A, Mounir A … +1 more , Ziada HA
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42377302 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo compare the efficacy of 15-s versus 30-s intraoperative applications of 0.02% mitomycin C (MMC) in preventing corneal haze after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for moderate myopia.MethodsThis prospective, pa...
PurposeTo compare the efficacy of 15-s versus 30-s intraoperative applications of 0.02% mitomycin C (MMC) in preventing corneal haze after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for moderate myopia.MethodsThis prospective, paired-eye study enrolled 50 patients (100 eyes) with bilateral moderate myopia (-3.00 to -6.00 D). Each patient underwent bilateral wavefront-optimized PRK. One eye was randomized to receive for 15 s, and the fellow eye received it for 30 s. The primary outcome was the incidence and severity of corneal haze, graded on a 0-4 scale at 1 week and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The secondary outcome was uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA).ResultsThe median age was 25.5 years (range, 18-53). Preoperative refractive errors were symmetrical between paired eyes ( > 0.05). Postoperative corneal haze was minimal and transient. Median haze scores were 0 at all timepoints beyond the 1-week visit. Haze severity decreased significantly over time in both groups ( < 0.01), with no statistically significant differences between the 15-s and 30-s groups at any follow-up visit (P ≥ 0.08). At 6 months, the median UDVA was 0.00 logMAR in both groups ( = 1.0).ConclusionsA 15-s intraoperative application of 0.02% MMC a 30-s application in preventing corneal haze and achieving excellent visual outcomes after wavefront-optimized PRK for moderate myopia.
Honeycomb Keratopathy due to Rho-kinase inhibitor therapy.
Schrittenlocher S, Bachmann B, Dietlein TS
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42377294 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Mendelian randomisation in ophthalmology: An overview and practical guide for clinicians.
Stuart KV, Warwick AN, Liang Peng C … +2 more , Rajasundaram S, Khawaja AP
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42370740 · Publisher ↗
Mendelian randomisation (MR) is an epidemiological approach that leverages natural genetic variation to strengthen causal inference. When applied rigorously and interpreted within a broader framework of evidence, it offe...
Mendelian randomisation (MR) is an epidemiological approach that leverages natural genetic variation to strengthen causal inference. When applied rigorously and interpreted within a broader framework of evidence, it offers a powerful tool to advance understanding and inform clinical translation. However, misuse or misinterpretation of the technique is increasingly common and risks introducing spurious or implausible findings into the scientific literature. Violation of core underlying assumptions and lack of clear gene-environment equivalence often negates meaningful clinical translation, and overreliance on MR results without triangulation with other lines of evidence may lead to misleading causal claims. As the use of MR continues to expand within ophthalmic research, it is increasingly important for clinicians and researchers to be equipped to critically appraise and interpret such studies.
Association of interleukin-6 pathway inhibition with risk of age-related macular degeneration: A propensity-matched cohort study.
Salabati M, Mabudian L, Deshmukh S … +3 more , Afshar E, Mahmoudzadeh R, Brar V
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42345449 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo evaluate the association between systemic tocilizumab exposure and the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a large real-world cohort.MethodsThis was a retrospective, propensity-matched coho...
PurposeTo evaluate the association between systemic tocilizumab exposure and the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a large real-world cohort.MethodsThis was a retrospective, propensity-matched cohort study including patients aged ≥40 years in the TriNetX Research Network with or without exposure to tocilizumab between May 2008 and May 2025. Patients with documented tocilizumab use were matched 1:1 to controls based on demographic and clinical characteristics within the TriNetX platform. Individuals with prior AMD were excluded from incident analyses. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for incident non-exudative and exudative AMD.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, 23,456 patients were included per group. Tocilizumab use was associated with a significantly lower risk of incident non-exudative AMD (RR, 0.282; 95% CI, 0.230-0.346; p < 0.001) and incident exudative AMD (RR, 0.234; 95% CI, 0.159-0.344; p < 0.001) compared with matched controls.ConclusionsSystemic tocilizumab exposure was associated with a lower incidence of both non-exudative and exudative AMD in this real-world cohort. These findings should be considered hypothesis-generating and support further study of the relationship between IL-6 signaling and AMD.
Clinical characteristics of thyroid eye disease with restrictive strabismus.
Zhang H, He W
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42345442 · Publisher ↗
PurposeRestrictive strabismus is a major cause of diplopia and impaired quality of life in thyroid eye disease (TED), but its clinical and imaging characteristics remain incompletely understood. This study investigated t...
PurposeRestrictive strabismus is a major cause of diplopia and impaired quality of life in thyroid eye disease (TED), but its clinical and imaging characteristics remain incompletely understood. This study investigated the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of TED patients with restrictive strabismus at initial presentation.MethodsAmong 5,234 TED patients treated between 2009 and 2024, 339 patients (6.5%) with clinically confirmed restrictive strabismus and supportive MRI findings were retrospectively included. Restrictive strabismus was confirmed primarily by positive forced duction testing with limitation of ocular rotations. Clinical characteristics, thyroid function, Clinical Activity Score (CAS), NOSPECS classification, strabismus type, and orbital MRI findings were analyzed. Contrast-enhanced orbital MRI, including T1-weighted and fat-suppressed T2-weighted sequences, was used to evaluate extraocular muscle enlargement, inflammation, and edema.ResultsPatients with active extraocular muscles had higher CAS scores than those with stable muscles ( < 0.01). Monocular-onset patients showed higher CAS and NOSPECS scores (both < 0.01). Hyperthyroid patients had higher NOSPECS scores than euthyroid patients ( < 0.01). Longer disease duration before presentation was associated with smaller muscle area, less inflammation, and reduced edema, whereas higher CAS scores correlated with larger muscle area and more severe edema.ConclusionsTED patients with restrictive strabismus were predominantly male and commonly showed binocular involvement and hyperthyroidism. Inferior rectus involvement was the most common imaging finding, especially in vertical strabismus. Orbital MRI may help evaluate extraocular muscle activity and guide strabismus surgery timing.
Predictive factors and development of traumatic angle recession glaucoma following blunt ocular trauma.
Izyani H, Rahimie H, Saranya P … +5 more , Siti-Hajar MA, Nurhamiza B, Azhany Y, Norhalwani H, Liza-Sharmini AT
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42345441 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo predict the development of traumatic angle recession glaucoma (TARG) and identify associated risk factors using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted...
PurposeTo predict the development of traumatic angle recession glaucoma (TARG) and identify associated risk factors using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted across three tertiary hospitals in Malaysia, involving patients treated for blunt ocular trauma and traumatic hyphaema between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2020. Eligible patients had a minimum of one year of follow-up between 1 January and 31 December 2021. Data collected included demographics, medical and ocular history, injury mechanism, and initial ophthalmic assessment. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were employed to evaluate glaucoma onset and prognostic indicators.ResultsOf 114 patients with angle recession, 30 (26.3%) developed TARG over a mean follow-up of 66.8 ± 52.1 months. Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated a mean survival time of 8.8 years, with most cases detected within nine months post-trauma. Age was a significant predictor, with a 1% increased risk per year (HR 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00-1.04; p = 0.022). Presence of peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) conferred a 4.3-fold higher risk of developing TARG (HR 4.29; 95% CI: 2.02-9.13; p < 0.001).ConclusionOlder patients with PAS following blunt ocular trauma are at significantly increased risk for TARG and warrant close surveillance. Further research is needed to establish optimal follow-up duration and develop predictive tools for early identification of high-risk individuals.
Assessment of post-operative changes after pterygium surgery with amniotic membrane transplantation using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
Hashemi A, Seyedi SZ, Ghochani G … +7 more , Soleimanzadeh M, Nazari M, Zeidabadinejad H, Ghanbari H, Montazeriani Z, Sanei M, Masoumi A
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42345409 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo characterize the spatiotemporal patterns of vascular remodeling following pterygium excision with amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).MethodsThis observ...
PurposeTo characterize the spatiotemporal patterns of vascular remodeling following pterygium excision with amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).MethodsThis observational study evaluated 43 eyes undergoing AMT. Serial OCTA imaging was performed over a 12-week postoperative period to quantify vascular dynamics in superficial and deep conjunctival layers. Quantitative parameters, including vessel density (VD), vessel length density (VLD), and vessel diameter index (VDI), were analyzed using automated image processing techniques.ResultsEarly assessment at Week 1 showed minimal vascular in-growth. By Week 4, progressive remodeling was evident, primarily driven by deep-layer anastomoses between host tissue and the graft area. By Week 12, a structured vascular network emerged; however, superficial perfusion remained significantly reduced compared to baseline. While deep-layer VD demonstrated substantial recovery, VDI remained statistically stable. Notably, OCTA identified persistent flow voids and heterogeneous perfusion, suggesting irregular host-derived vascular integration beneath the graft.ConclusionPost-AMT healing is mediated predominantly by deep-layer episcleral vascular remodeling. OCTA serves as a sensitive, non-invasive tool for monitoring subclinical vascular integration, offering potential biomarkers for surgical success and early pterygium recurrence.
Bilateral versus unilateral surgical approaches for correcting non-alternating esotropia without vision disparity between the eyes.
Palevski D, Sternfeld A, Terner LG … +3 more , Ehrenberg M, Friling R, Dotan G
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42339721 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo analyze the surgical results of bilateral medial rectus recession (BMR) versus unilateral medial rectus recession and lateral rectus resection (RNR) in patients with non-alternating esotropia associated with si...
PurposeTo analyze the surgical results of bilateral medial rectus recession (BMR) versus unilateral medial rectus recession and lateral rectus resection (RNR) in patients with non-alternating esotropia associated with similar visual acuity in both eyes.MethodsData of suitable patients operated between 2010 to 2023 were collected from their electronic records immediately before surgery and during follow-up until the last available visit. Surgical success was defined as deviation of 10 prism diopters (PD) or less.Results473 patients had strabismus surgery for esotropia correction during the study period and 26 (5.5%) of them met the study's inclusion criteria: 12 (46.2%) in the RNR group and 14 (53.8%) in the BMR group. Final angles of deviations after RNR (distance 2.1 ± 2.9PD and near 3.6 ± 3.7PD) were not different than after BMR (distance 1.4 ± 2.4PD and near 4.0 ± 4.5PD, p = 0.54 and p = 0.80 respectively). Additionally, a similar success rate was achieved after both types of surgeries (100% for RNR and 92.8% for BMR, p = 0.35).ConclusionPatients with non-alternating esotropia and equal vision in both eyes who express concerns about the necessity of strabismus surgery on their non-deviating eye can achieve comparable outcomes following RNR performed exclusively in the deviating eye.
Sustainability awareness among European dry eye disease specialists.
March de Ribot F, M Benitez-Del-Castillo J, Geerling G … +2 more , Messmer EM, Baudouin C
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42339720 · Publisher ↗
IntroductionHealthcare contributes 4-6% of global CO2 emissions due to energy use, pharmaceuticals, and waste. Ophthalmology plays a significant role, particularly in managing dry eye disease (DED), which is a leading ca...
IntroductionHealthcare contributes 4-6% of global CO2 emissions due to energy use, pharmaceuticals, and waste. Ophthalmology plays a significant role, particularly in managing dry eye disease (DED), which is a leading cause of eye care visits. DED affects up to 50% of people worldwide, with its incidence increasing with age, climate-related factors, and screen use. This study aims to gather insights from DED experts on their opinions toward sustainability in ophthalmic care.MethodsAn online survey was distributed to attendees of the European Dry Eye Society conference, running from June to September 2024. The survey consisted of 10 questions related to sustainability practices in DED management. Data on demographics were collected and analyzed using percentages.ResultsOf the 372 respondents, 83.7% expressed concerns about global warming, and 78.5% believed that ophthalmic care produces excessive waste. Most respondents (79.7%) considered that single-use preservative-free vials generate significantly more waste than multidose alternatives. Additionally, 89.2% supported recycling methods. Ophthalmologists also recognized the rising impact of digital eye strain and saw potential in using apps to manage DED more sustainably.ConclusionsThe survey highlights a strong consensus among DED experts about the need for more sustainable practices in ophthalmology. Key findings include concerns about waste, especially from single-use vials, and the potential for digital solutions to improve sustainability in DED management. The results suggest an opportunity to integrate environmentally friendly actions into ophthalmic care.
Smartphone-based offline AI for multi-disease retinal screening: Real-world accuracy.
Kelkar A, Kelkar J, Garg Y … +2 more , Jain HH, Sengupta S
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42339716 · Publisher ↗
ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a multi-disease offline artificial intelligence system (Medios-AI, MAI), integrated into a smartphone-based fundus camera, for simultaneous screening of diabetic retinopath...
ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a multi-disease offline artificial intelligence system (Medios-AI, MAI), integrated into a smartphone-based fundus camera, for simultaneous screening of diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a real-world setting.MethodsIn this prospective cross-sectional study, 193 adults (371 eyes) aged ≥18 years with DR, glaucoma, AMD, or normal fundus were enrolled between May and December 2024. Dilated fundus imaging was performed using the Remidio Fundus on Phone (FoP) and Zeiss Clarus 500 cameras. Ungradable images were excluded. The offline MAI algorithm generated disease-specific reports, which were compared to masked grading of Clarus images by two fellowship-trained ophthalmologists. In ambiguous cases, the AI report defaulted to "either DR or AMD."ResultsMAI achieved sensitivity of 99.3% (95% CI: 96-100), specificity of 95.7% (95% CI: 92-98), and AUROC of 0.99 for detecting any retinal disease. For glaucoma (n = 109), sensitivity was 98.2% (95% CI: 94-100), specificity 99.0% (95% CI: 97-100), AUROC 0.99. For AMD (n = 56), sensitivity was 88.9% (95% CI: 77-96), specificity 97.5% (95% CI: 95-99), AUROC 0.93. For DR (n = 78), sensitivity was 84.6% (95% CI: 75-92), specificity 99.0% (95% CI: 97-100), AUROC 0.92. Agreement on vertical cup-to-disc ratio between AI and graders ranged from -0.1 to +0.1, with intergrader ICC of 0.97 (P < 0.001 for all comparisons).ConclusionsMAI demonstrated significant diagnostic accuracy for DR, glaucoma, and AMD using an offline, smartphone-based platform, supporting scalable, point-of-care retinal screening in resource-limited settings.
The Influence of Breastfeeding on PRK Outcomes: A Comparison of Visual and Refractive Results.
Sommer A, Safir M, Santhiago MR … +8 more , Nasser W, Ben Ephraim Noyman D, Sela T, Munzer G, Kaiserman I, Liba T, Cohen E, Mimouni M
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42319218 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo compare the visual and refractive outcomes of breastfeeding versus non-breastfeeding women who underwent photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) surgery.MethodsIn this retrospective study, medical files of women who...
PurposeTo compare the visual and refractive outcomes of breastfeeding versus non-breastfeeding women who underwent photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) surgery.MethodsIn this retrospective study, medical files of women who underwent PRK surgery between January 2013 and December 2023 were reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups: women who reported breastfeeding during their screening examination and women who did not. Pre-, intra-, and post-operative parameters were compared between the groups.ResultsThe study included 12,843 eyes from 6,567 women, with 550 eyes from breastfeeding women. Time from screening to surgery was similar between groups (159.5 ± 412.5 vs. 142.8 ± 390.6 days, P = 0.331). Breastfeeding women were older (28.7 ± 4.8 vs. 25.6 ± 6.7 years, P < 0.001), had shorter follow-up (61.0 ± 72.9 vs. 70.6 ± 84.0 days, P = 0.008), higher keratometry (44.78 ± 1.49 vs. 44.55 ± 1.54 D, P < 0.001), worse myopia (SEQ -5.31 ± 2.54 vs. -4.65 ± 2.45 D, P < 0.001), and worse uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA: 1.3 ± 1.1 vs. 1.22 ± 1.05, P = 0.006) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA: 0.04 ± 1.0 vs. 0.03 ± 1.0, P = 0.02). Postoperative UCVA (0.03 ± 0.85 vs. 0.04 ± 0.8) and BCVA (0.03 ± 0.89 vs. 0.03 ± 0.85) were similar. Breastfeeding was not linked to higher retreatment rates (P = 0.79). Multivariate analysis found no significant differences.ConclusionWomen who reported breastfeeding on average 5 months prior to surgery achieved visual and refractive outcomes comparable to non-breastfeeding women. PRK appears to deliver satisfactory results within the early postoperative period assessed in this study. Nevertheless, these exploratory findings do not establish long-term refractive stability and should not be interpreted as supporting a change in standard clinical counseling during lactation.
The effect of large differences between cycloplegic and dry refraction on myopic Laser surgery outcomes.
Sorkin N, Gomel N, Shamay S … +4 more , Kaiserman I, Sela T, Munzer G, Mimouni M
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42317143 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo compare laser refractive retreatment rates between patients with a clinically significant change in refraction (cycloplegic different) following cycloplegia versus those without (cycloplegic similar).SettingsTh...
PurposeTo compare laser refractive retreatment rates between patients with a clinically significant change in refraction (cycloplegic different) following cycloplegia versus those without (cycloplegic similar).SettingsThis retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) or photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) between January 2005 and December 2019 at the Care-Vision Laser Centers, Tel-Aviv, Israel.DesignMyopic patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not they demonstrated preoperative cycloplegic difference (a hyperopic shift of 0.50D or more following cycloplegia).MethodsBinary logistic regression analysis, was performed to account for potential confounders of retreatment.ResultsOverall, 14,679 eyes were included in the final analyses. The age of the participants was 27.4 ± 7.8 years and 53.2% were male. Of these, 1,458 (9.9%) were cycloplegic different. Overall, 0.62% ( = 91) of eyes underwent retreatment. The cycloplegic different group had a significantly greater retreatment rate (1.10% versus 0.57%, = 0.01) and eyes which demonstrated cycloplegic difference were 1.94 times more likely (95% CI 1.13 to 3.35) to undergo retreatment. In stepwise binary logistic regression analysis, after accounting for potential confounders (gender, age, central corneal thickness, keratometry, best corrected visual acuity, cylinder, optic zone treatment, treatment type, laser model and ablation depth), cycloplegic difference remained a significant predictor of retreatment (OR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.01-3.18, = 0.04).ConclusionA hyperopic shift of 0.50D or more in refraction following cycloplegia in myopic patients undergoing laser refractive surgery is associated with an increased risk for subsequent retreatment.
Transition programmes for children moving from paediatric to adult eye care services: A scoping review.
Kumar A, Balendra S, Bokre D … +1 more , Dahlmann-Noor AH
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42317141 · Publisher ↗
PurposeFor young people, transition programmes between paediatric and adult services ensure continuity of care for young people while improving their confidence and autonomy in managing their health. Despite targeted sup...
PurposeFor young people, transition programmes between paediatric and adult services ensure continuity of care for young people while improving their confidence and autonomy in managing their health. Despite targeted support improving outcomes in other chronic conditions, the development of transition programmes in children's eye care remains limited. This scoping review aims to review published literature about transition programmes supporting young people in ophthalmic services.MethodsFollowing guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute, we carried out a scoping review, searching Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase and Cochrane Library databases to identify articles on transition programmes for young people from paediatric to adult eye care services. Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts before reviewing the full text. We extracted data into a pre-specified extraction tool.ResultsOf 339 identified publications, five met the inclusion criteria. No publications specifically addressed transition programmes in ophthalmology. The included studies reported ophthalmic care within the context of systemic conditions. Two studies reported a transition programme for young people with type 1 diabetes, two rheumatological conditions, and one explored young people's views on the transition process in an eye/vision context.ConclusionThis review highlights the scarcity of reports about transition programmes relating to ophthalmology. Existing programmes in other specialities can provide a framework which could be adapted to ophthalmology. Further research is required to develop the use and impact of programmes in ophthalmology to ensure better outcomes for patients and healthcare providers.
Real-world outcomes of naïve, early switch and late switch eyes treated with dexamethasone intravitreal implant for retinal vein occlusion.
Diego-Navarro O, Copete S, Moreno-Martínez A … +1 more , Blanco-Marchite C
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42317126 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo evaluate functional and anatomical outcomes after intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEXI) in macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (ME-RVO), comparing treatment-naïve eyes with early-switch (ES) a...
PurposeTo evaluate functional and anatomical outcomes after intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEXI) in macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (ME-RVO), comparing treatment-naïve eyes with early-switch (ES) and late-switch (LS) eyes previously treated with anti-VEGF, to explore the optimal therapeutic window for switching.MethodsA retrospective real-world study including 71 eyes with ME-RVO treated with DEXI and followed for 12 months. Patients were classified as naïve (no prior intravitreal therapy), ES (≤3 anti-VEGF injections before switching), and LS (>3 anti-VEGF injections before switching). Functional outcomes were assessed by best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and anatomical outcomes by central macular thickness (CMT) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.ResultsBCVA improved significantly at month 2 in treatment-naïve and ES eyes (p < 0.05), whereas no significant change was observed in LS eyes. A ≥ 2-line gain occurred in 50% of naïve eyes, markedly higher than in previously treated eyes. Naïve patients maintained functional and anatomical improvement throughout follow-up. All groups demonstrated an early reduction in CMT at month 2 ( < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified baseline BCVA, but not switching timing, as the main predictor of functional improvement.ConclusionsWhile DEXI improved anatomical outcomes across all subgroups, functional recovery was more frequently observed in naïve and ES eyes. However, baseline BCVA emerged as the main independent determinant of functional response, suggesting that visual outcomes are primarily driven by initial visual status rather than switching timing. By including a naïve comparison group, this study provides novel insights into the management of ME-RVO in patients with suboptimal anti-VEGF response.
Accommodative changes after implantation of a foldable iris-fixated phakic intraocular lens for the correction of myopic astigmatism.
Royo M, Jiménez Á, Molina-Martin A … +1 more , Piñero DP
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42317120 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo analyze the amplitude of accommodation and its changes at a 6-month follow-up in healthy subjects implanted with an anterior chamber pIOL, assessing whether accommodative function is affected. Additionally, cha...
PurposeTo analyze the amplitude of accommodation and its changes at a 6-month follow-up in healthy subjects implanted with an anterior chamber pIOL, assessing whether accommodative function is affected. Additionally, changes in visual performance and other ocular parameters were evaluated.MethodsProspective study including 57 subjects (age range, 18-45 years) implanted with the Artiflex pIOL (Ophtec) were evaluated at one week and six months postoperatively. Changes in manifest refraction, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and other clinical variables were analyzed. Amplitude of accommodation (AA) was measured under photopic conditions using the Sheard method. One randomly selected eye per subject was included for analysis.ResultsStatistically significant reduction in refraction was observed (p < 0.001), remaining stable throughout follow-up visits. Accordingly, both the 1-week and 6-month visits demonstrated significant improvements in UDVA compared to baseline ( < 0.001). CDVA also improved significantly following IOL implantation ( < 0.001). Longitudinal analysis revealed no clinically or statistically significant changes in AA from baseline to 1-week ( = 0.096) or 6-month postoperative visits ( = 0.317) ( Table 2). Mean change in AA in the whole sample was close to 0.10 ± 0.86 D. No significant differences were found in the accommodative changes found with spherical and toric models (p ≥ 0.092). Changes in AA at 1-week (ρ=0.378, = 0.004) and 6 months (ρ=0.336, = 0.011) were significantly correlated with age.ConclusionsThe implantation of Artiflex anterior chamber pIOL did not significantly affect the amplitude of accommodation in healthy subjects during the six-month follow-up period. Future comparative studies with posterior chamber pIOLs are needed.
Multimodal imaging of angioid streaks in pseudoxanthoma Elasticum.
Vienne-Jumeau A, Siab M, Mrejen S
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42312884 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Soft-shell phacoemulsification in Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy: Central corneal thickness as a predictor of post-operative keratoplasty.
Teh BL, Tzoumas N, Boso ALM … +3 more , Ang YL, Papadakou P, Figueiredo FC
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42312880 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundTo identify predictors of unplanned endothelial keratoplasty after phacoemulsification in Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), and to assess postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).MethodsRetr...
BackgroundTo identify predictors of unplanned endothelial keratoplasty after phacoemulsification in Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), and to assess postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).MethodsRetrospective single-centre case series of 50 eyes (39 patients) that underwent soft-shell phacoemulsification and monofocal intra-ocular lens implantation by one surgeon (2015-2021). The primary outcome was unplanned corneal decompensation requiring endothelial keratoplasty. Associations with specular-microscopy parameters and central corneal thickness (CCT) were examined with penalised logistic and Cox regressions adjusted for age, sex, and hypertonic-saline use. Postoperative BCVA was analysed using linear regression models also adjusted for baseline acuity.ResultsMean age was 74 ± 8 years; 68% were women; median follow-up 32 (IQR 24-40) months. Four eyes (8%) required Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty a median 8 months after cataract surgery. Each 1 μm increase in pre-operative CCT raised the hazard of grafting by 2% (HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00-1.04, = 0.031); a threshold of ≥ 620 μm yielded an AUC of 0.91. Linear regression analyses of postoperative BCVA adjusted for preoperative BCVA showed no clear association between baseline and postoperative acuity.ConclusionsPre-operative CCT shows the strongest association of readily available metrics with post-phaco corneal failure in FECD; values above ∼600 μm may warrant counselling regarding combined or staged keratoplasty.
Nishida transposition without tenotomy for severe paralytic strabismus: Outcomes and safety.
Xie R, Huang Z, Yang M … +2 more , Liu J, Pan M
Eur J Ophthalmol · 2026 Jun · PMID 42312877 · Publisher ↗
PurposeTo evaluate the clinical outcomes and safety of the Nishida muscle transposition procedure performed without tenotomy or muscle splitting in patients with severe paralytic horizontal or vertical strabismus.Methods...
PurposeTo evaluate the clinical outcomes and safety of the Nishida muscle transposition procedure performed without tenotomy or muscle splitting in patients with severe paralytic horizontal or vertical strabismus.MethodsThis retrospective case series included 16 patients with complete paralytic strabismus who underwent Nishida transposition between January 2020 and September 2021. Eleven patients had abducens nerve palsy and five had vertical paralytic strabismus (elevation or infraduction deficiency). The procedure involved scleral fixation of adjacent rectus muscles closer to the paralyzed muscle without tendon disinsertion, preserving anterior ciliary circulation and allowing simultaneous antagonist recession when indicated. Outcomes included ocular alignment in primary position, ocular motility, binocular single vision, and postoperative complications over a follow-up period of 5-15 months.ResultsIn abducens nerve palsy, combined transposition with medial rectus recession-performed using a standardized protocol based on preoperative deviation (6 mm for ≥80 prism diopters [PD] and 5 mm for <80 PD)-achieved a mean correction of 69.2 ± 12.8 PD, whereas isolated transposition resulted in a correction of 29 PD. In vertical paralytic strabismus, the mean correction was 38 ± 19.8 PD. All patients demonstrated improved duction beyond the midline postoperatively. Eight patients achieved binocular single vision in primary position and four with compensatory head posture. No anterior segment ischemia, induced secondary deviations, or other major complications were observed.ConclusionsThe Nishida procedure provides effective and safe correction of severe paralytic strabismus while preserving muscle insertions and anterior ciliary circulation. Its compatibility with simultaneous antagonist recession makes it a valuable single-stage approach for large-angle paralytic deviations.
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