Clinical Laboratory[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Profilin-1 as a Potential Biomarker in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Predictive Value for Large Vessel Occlusion and Mechanical Thrombectomy.
Hanci M, Yadigaroğlu M, Doğan H … +7 more , Çömez VV, Ocak M, Erdem E, Görgün S, Güzel M, Akpinar ÇK, Yücel M
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295319 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum Profilin-1 (PFN-1) levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke is a serious condition requiring rapid diagnosis...
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum Profilin-1 (PFN-1) levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke is a serious condition requiring rapid diagnosis and reperfusion therapy (particularly mechanical thrombectomy [MT]). However, appropriate patient selection and accurate determination of symptom onset can be challenging. PFN-1, previously shown to be elevated in other vas-cular diseases, was clinically investigated for the first time in ischemic stroke through this study. METHODS: This prospective observational study included 152 patients with radiologically confirmed AIS and 66 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Serum PFN-1 levels were measured upon admission. The study assess-ed PFN-1 concentrations across subgroups (large vessel occlusion [LVO] presence, MT performed, symptom duration ≤ 6 hours versus > 6 hours) and conducted ROC analyses to determine predictive performance. RESULTS: PFN-1 levels were significantly higher in stroke patients than in controls (p < 0.001). Moreover, PFN-1 levels were markedly elevated in patients with LVO compared to those without (p < 0.001), in patients who underwent MT compared to those who did not (p = 0.003), and in patients presenting within 6 hours of symptom onset versus those who presented later (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that PFN-1 levels, using specific cutoff values, could predict stroke diagnosis, LVO presence, MT requirement, and the 6-hours symptom window. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that PFN-1 is associated with increased thrombus burden. In conclusion, serum PFN-1 is a readily measurable biomarker with potential utility in the emergency management of IS, assisting in diagnosis, identifying LVO and MT candidates, and estimating symptom duration. However, validation through larger, multicenter studies is warranted.
Soluble Thrombomodulin can Predict In-Hospital Mortality of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients in Intensive Care Unit.
Pan Y
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295318 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients admitted to ICU face high mortality rates, necessitating prognostic biomarkers to risk stratify patients. Soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) is a biomarker of endothelial...
BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients admitted to ICU face high mortality rates, necessitating prognostic biomarkers to risk stratify patients. Soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) is a biomarker of endothelial injury. This retrospective study aimed to investigate sTM's association with disease severity and in-hospital mortality in ICU-admitted CAP patients. METHODS: From June 2024 to September 2025, 115 ICU CAP patients in Shanghai Jian District Shibei Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. sTM levels were measured together with other laboratory tests at ICU admission. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, APACHE II scores and laboratory test results were obtained from medical records. The difference between 97 survivors and 18 non-survivors were compared. ROC analysis and multivariable logistic regression were used to evaluate sTM's value in predicting in-hospital mortality. Spearman's correlation and multiple linear regression assessed the association of sTM with other blood biomarkers and APECH II scores. RESULTS: Non-survivors had significantly higher sTM than survivors. sTM correlated with APACHE II scores and disease severity, as well as blood biomarkers of kidney function, inflammation and coagulation. ROC analysis showed that sTM predicted in-hospital mortality with an AUC of 0.747 (p < 0.001), higher than that of APACHE II score. The optimal cutoff of sTM was 12.9 TU/mL with sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 53.6%. Elevated sTM levels remained independently associated with the risk of in-hospital mortality even after adjusted with APACHE II scores or kidney dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: sTM levels were significantly higher in non-survivors and correlates to APACHE II scores, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker, aiding early risk stratification and tailored ICU management for CAP patients.
Cytomegalovirus Seroprevalence in Morocco - a 10-Year Single-Center Study.
Zouaki A, Abercha Y, Seffar M … +5 more , Touyar N, Amin GE, Bouihat N, Belefqih B, Kabbaj H
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295317 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus is a ubiquitous and endemic virus, typically causing asymptomatic or mild infections in immunocompetent individuals. However, it can lead to severe disease in immunocompromised patients and du...
BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus is a ubiquitous and endemic virus, typically causing asymptomatic or mild infections in immunocompetent individuals. However, it can lead to severe disease in immunocompromised patients and during congenital infections. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of CMV in a Moroccan population. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study at the Central Virology Laboratory of the Specialties Hospital in Rabat over a 10-year period, from April 1, 2015, to December 31, 2024. RESULTS: A total of 11,367 patients who underwent CMV serological testing were included. The overall CMV seroprevalence was 94.1%. The median age of seropositive individuals was significantly higher than that of seronegative individuals (26 [9;45] years vs. 3 [1;8] years; p < 0.001). Seroprevalence was found to increase significantly with age (74.0%, 83.0%, 91.9%, 95.6%, and > 97.7% in children under 2 years of age, and in those aged 2 - 5, 6 - 10, 11 - 16, and > 17 years, respectively; p < 0.001). Despite an increase in the number of testing requests over the study period, the annual seroprevalence remained stable, ranging from 92.2% to 95.7%. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that CMV seroprevalence in Morocco is high and aligns with rates observed in other developing countries.
Impact of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines on Serum Glycan Profiles and Protein N-Glycosylation.
Zhou Y, Chen Y, Dai T … +3 more , Jia X, Yang S, Liu Q
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295316 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the effect of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and booster shots on serum glycan profiles and protein N-glycosylation, specifically how vaccination influences glycan synthesis o...
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the effect of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and booster shots on serum glycan profiles and protein N-glycosylation, specifically how vaccination influences glycan synthesis over time, how booster shots differentially impact populations with varying antibody titers, and which specific glycoproteins exhibit altered glycosylation. The goal was to explore a novel mechanism by which COVID-19 vaccines might exert antiviral effects through indirect inhibition of host glycosylation. METHODS: Serum glycan profiles were analyzed in individuals receiving two primary doses and a booster shot of in-activated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, categorized by symptomatic status and antibody titers. Serum proteins were immobilized on AminoLink plus coupling resin, followed by sequential derivatization of α2,6- and α2,3-linked sialic acids. Glycans were released using PNGase F and analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS with maltoheptaose as an internal standard. Glycoproteomics via LC-MS/MS identified site-specific protein glycosylation changes. RESULTS: Significant alterations in serum glycan profiles were observed. Overall glycan synthesis showed substantial suppression one-month post-vaccination, followed by gradual recovery. The booster vaccine inhibited glycan synthesis, and high-titer individuals exhibited a more pronounced N-glycan profile and faster recovery. Symptomatic status had no significant impact on glycan abundance. Glycoproteomic analysis revealed substantial alterations in glycosylation of stress and immune response proteins, including CP, HPX, SERPINA1, FN1, IgG, AGP, and C3, after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a novel mechanism: inactivated COVID-19 vaccines indirectly inhibit host glycosylation pathways. Vaccination significantly suppresses N-glycosylation, primarily reducing N-glycan abundance, with recovery influenced by antibody titer. These results highlight the intricate relationship between immune response, host glycosylation, and viral infection, suggesting avenues for developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting both the virus and host response to enhance antiviral protection.
Albumin Concentration Associates Linearly with Unfavorable Outcomes at Three Months Post-Acute Ischemic Stroke in Koreans.
Chen G, Yuan M, Yu D … +4 more , Liu H, Chen L, Luo B, Hu B
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295315 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The role of serum albumin concentration as a predictor of prognosis in stroke is controversial. This study examined the association between baseline serum albumin concentration and unfavorable outcomes at 3 m...
BACKGROUND: The role of serum albumin concentration as a predictor of prognosis in stroke is controversial. This study examined the association between baseline serum albumin concentration and unfavorable outcomes at 3 months post-acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in Korean patients. METHODS: Data for 1,903 patients with AIS between January 2010 and December 2016 were extracted from a pro-spective registry system at Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and estimate the association between baseline serum albumin concentration and unfavorable outcomes at 3 months post-AIS. RESULTS: Multivariable regression analyses showed baseline serum albumin concentration (continuous variable) was significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes at 3 months post-AIS (fully adjusted OR = 0.4 [95% CI: 0.3 - 0.55]). Analysis of baseline serum albumin concentration as a categorical variable gave consistent results. Curve fitting showed a potential linear association between baseline serum albumin concentration and unfavorable outcomes at 3 months post-AIS (P for non-linearity = 0.789). CONCLUSIONS: Low baseline serum albumin concentration is a potential risk factor for unfavorable outcomes at 3 months post-AIS in Korean patients.
Prognostic Value of the Blood Urea Nitrogen-to-Albumin Ratio for ICU Mortality in Cardiogenic Shock Patients: Evidence from the MIMIC-IV Database.
Liu H, Zhao YB, Wang C … +4 more , Liu L, Liu Y, Peng XG, Zhang YE
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295314 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a life-threatening condition with high mortality. This study explored the association between the blood urea nitrogen-to-albumin ratio (BAR), a marker of renal function and nutrition...
BACKGROUND: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a life-threatening condition with high mortality. This study explored the association between the blood urea nitrogen-to-albumin ratio (BAR), a marker of renal function and nutritional status, and mortality in CS, aiming to evaluate its utility as a simple early risk stratification tool. METHODS: This study analyzed data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database, categorizing participants by BAR quartiles to examine 28-day intensive care unit (ICU) mortality. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to identify key variables associated with BAR and clinical outcomes. Logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards models, and restricted cubic splines were applied to assess the relationship between BAR and mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves illustrated cumulative mortality, while sensitivity and subgroup analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of the findings. Causal mediation analysis (CMA) was conducted to investigate the indirect effects of BAR on prognosis. RESULTS: This study of 1,474 CS patients found that a higher BAR was linked to a greater risk of 28-day ICU mortality. After adjustments, those in the highest BAR quartile had a significantly increased mortality risk (HR 1.88, 95% CI: 1.30 - 2.71, p = 0.001) compared to those in the lowest quartile. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated significantly reduced 28-day ICU survival probabilities in highest BAR quartile. Hemoglobin partially mediated this relationship, explaining 10.88% of the effect. The association between BAR and prognosis in patients with CS remained consistent across most subgroups, with significant interactions identified in the race and acute kidney injury (AKI) subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that elevated BAR is closely associated with adverse ICU outcomes in patients with CS.
CLCA1 Modulates Pancreatic Cancer Proliferation via SIRT1-HIF-1α Pathway.
Hu D, Yang Y, Ge J … +4 more , Tong W, Xia T, Teng Y, Lin L
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295313 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a form of cancer known for its aggressive behavior, poor survival rates, and high resistance to chemotherapy. Our previous study has found that low calcium-activated...
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a form of cancer known for its aggressive behavior, poor survival rates, and high resistance to chemotherapy. Our previous study has found that low calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 1 (CLCA1) expression is associated with worse survival of patients with PDAC, yet its underlying function in PDAC is not clear. METHODS: We constructed CLCA1-overexpressed Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Cell Line 1 (PANC-1) cells and in-vestigated its effect on the cell growth and invasion by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) Assay and Transwell Migration Assay. Sensitivity of PANC-1 cells to gemcitabine and hypoxia environment was also studied. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based-proteomics was employed to discover key molecular cause based on CLCA1-overexpression. Further mechanistic insights into the SIRT1/HIF-1α axis were obtained using Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) interference, qPCR, and western blotting. RESULTS: CLCA1 expression was significantly reduced in PANC-1 cells. Overexpression of CLCA1 inhibited proliferation and invasion while enhancing sensitivity to gemcitabine. Proteomic study suggested that SIRT1 expression was dramatically downregulated in CLCA1-over expression PANC-1 cells compared with control PANC-1 cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that CLCA1 downregulates SIRT1 expression, leading to reduced stabilization of HIF-1α and subsequent suppression of its downstream hypoxia-responsive genes (GLUT1, LDHA). Hypoxia partially reversed this suppression. Synergistic effects were observed with CLCA1 overexpression and SIRT1 knockdown, significantly reducing tumor cell proliferation and HIF-1α expression. CONCLUSIONS: We found that CLCA1 modulates the SIRT1/HIF-1α pathway, suppressing tumor proliferation, and might enhance gemcitabine sensitivity in pancreatic cancer cells. This investigation points to CLCA1 as a viable therapeutic target for tackling hypoxia-induced chemoresistance and enhancing treatment success in PDAC. Further exploration of CLCA1-based therapies could offer new opportunities for clinical translation.
Utility of a High-Sensitivity HBV RNA Assay for Monitoring HBV Carriers Receiving Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Therapy.
Yamade K, Tanaka Y, Toda H … +3 more , Takada H, Tsujimoto M, Kamisako T
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295312 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a dynamic condition with distinct phases, and accurate monitoring is essential for optimal disease management. Although conventional HBV biomarkers in serum such a...
BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a dynamic condition with distinct phases, and accurate monitoring is essential for optimal disease management. Although conventional HBV biomarkers in serum such as HBV DNA, HBsAg, and HBcrAg are widely used, these markers have limitations in fully capturing viral activity, especially during nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy. Recently, HBV RNA has emerged as a novel biomarker reflecting the transcriptional activity of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), yet its clinical relevance remains underexplored. METHODS: This study analyzed 168 serum samples collected from 124 patients with chronic HBV infection who were undergoing nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy. Serum HBV RNA levels were quantified using the high-sensitivity cobas® HBV RNA assay. The relationship between HBV RNA and other viral markers (HBV DNA, HBsAg, and HBcrAg) was evaluated. In addition, we assessed the potential of HBV RNA as a criterion for NA discontinuation by applying the Japan Society of Hepatology (JSH) scoring system for NA cessation. RESULTS: A strong correlation was found between HBV RNA and HBcrAg (r = 0.84), suggesting that HBV RNA may reflect intrahepatic cccDNA activity. HBV RNA levels declined earlier than HBsAg and HBcrAg during NA treatment. Notably, HBcrAg remained ≥ 3.0 log U/mL in many patients even when HBV RNA was undetectable. In the scoring analysis, all patients with HBV RNA levels ≥ 1.0 log copies/mL were assigned to higher-risk groups for virological relapse, indicating the need to continue NA therapy in these individuals. Importantly, undetectable HBV RNA alone did not consistently correlate with a low risk of relapse. CONCLUSIONS: HBV RNA is a promising marker for detecting early suppression of viral replication during NA therapy. However, HBV RNA undetectability alone may not be sufficient to guide NA discontinuation.
A Novel Insight into the Interplay between Serum Uric Acid and Blood Parameters: Unveiling a Complex Relationship.
Gong W, Chen Y, Yan C
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295311 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Serum uric acid (SUA), the end product of purine metabolism, is widely used in clinical and population health settings and is implicated in gout, cardiometabolic disorders, and kidney disease. Although SUA ha...
BACKGROUND: Serum uric acid (SUA), the end product of purine metabolism, is widely used in clinical and population health settings and is implicated in gout, cardiometabolic disorders, and kidney disease. Although SUA has been linked to routine hematological indices and inflammatory markers, population-level characterization of these relationships, especially potential non-linear patterns, and the extent to which routinely used renal biomarkers explain these associations remain insufficiently defined. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 12,948 adults from NHANES 2015-March 2020 (pre-pandemic). Hematological parameters included red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count (PLT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and the hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio (HGB/RDW). Serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were evaluated as renal biomarkers potentially accounting for hematological-SUA associations. Survey-weighted generalized linear models (GLMs) estimated associations across nested adjustment sets; restricted cubic splines (RCS) assessed non-linearity; and mediation analyses decomposed associations into indirect (via Scr or BUN) and direct components; because available mediation methods do not fully incorporate the NHANES complex survey design, mediation results were conducted without sampling weights and interpreted as exploratory association decompositions. RESULTS: In fully adjusted survey-weighted models, RBC showed the most prominent positive association with SUA, while WBC and CRP exhibited smaller but statistically detectable positive associations; PLT showed no statistically significant association with SUA in the fully adjusted model. RCS analyses suggested non-linear exposure-response patterns for several indices: RBC demonstrated an U-shaped relationship with SUA, and HGB/ RDW showed a non-linear pattern with peak SUA at intermediate levels. For WBC and CRP, spline curves were consistent with a saturating pattern (steeper increases at lower levels with plateauing at higher levels). Mediation analyses indicated that Scr and BUN accounted for a variable proportion of hematological-SUA associations, and for some indices the indirect and direct components operated in opposite directions, consistent with a suppression-type decomposition. CONCLUSIONS: SUA was found to be correlated with a set of hematological and inflammatory markers measured routinely in a nationally representative sample of adults in the U.S., with RBC and a non-linear relationship between HGB/RDW standing out as notable features. Renal biomarkers (Scr and BUN) statistically explained part of these associations, supporting an integrated interpretation of blood and kidney markers when characterizing SUA-related risk profiles. Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate temporal ordering and causal mechanisms.
Correlation between Maternal Anti-E Antibody Titer and the Severity of Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn.
Chen X, Jiang A, Yu Y … +1 more , Chen Y
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295310 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) caused by anti-E antibodies remains a clinical challenge. The correlation between maternal anti-E antibody titers and HDFN severity, particularly the critical...
BACKGROUND: Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) caused by anti-E antibodies remains a clinical challenge. The correlation between maternal anti-E antibody titers and HDFN severity, particularly the critical titer threshold for severe clinical outcomes, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between maternal anti-E antibody titers and the severity of HDFN. METHODS: Clinical data were retrospectively collected from 55 pregnant women with anti-E antibody and their newborns (June 2020 - May 2024), including general maternal information and diagnostic findings. Anti-E antibody titers were measured, and neonatal outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: Among the 55 pregnant women, anti-E antibody titers ranged from 1:1 to 1:1,024. HDFN occurred in 56.4% (31/55) of cases. Titers ≥ 1:16 were significantly associated with higher HDFN incidence (χ2 = 14.996, p < 0.001). Neonatal indirect bilirubin levels correlated significantly with both HDFN occurrence (r = 0.589, p < 0.05) and maternal anti-E antibody titers (r = 0.657, p < 0.05). Neonatal length of hospital stay also showed a positive correlation with maternal antibody titers (r = 0.798, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A maternal anti-E titer ≥ 1:16 is a critical threshold predictive of HDFN occurrence and severity, providing a valuable marker for early risk stratification and clinical management.
A case Report of Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in a Child.
Huang Z, Deng Z, Lan F … +2 more , Nong L, Fu C
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295309 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a clonal neoplastic disorder characterized by the aberrant proliferation of CD1a+/CD207+dendritic cells that infiltrate tissues and organs, resulting in organ dysfunctio...
BACKGROUND: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a clonal neoplastic disorder characterized by the aberrant proliferation of CD1a+/CD207+dendritic cells that infiltrate tissues and organs, resulting in organ dysfunction. METHODS: This case report describes a 2-year-old boy who presented with abdominal pain and fever. The etiology was ultimately confirmed through clinical symptoms, imaging studies, pulmonary histopathological examination, and genetic testing. RESULTS: The final diagnosis was pediatric pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH). CONCLUSIONS: Although pulmonary involvement is not classified as a high-risk in consensus guidelines, PLCH requires diagnostic consideration in children presenting with persistent respiratory symptoms and recurrent fever.
Pseudothrombocytopenia: a Case of Maternal-Induced Neonatal Platelet Phagocytosis and Platelet Satellitism Phenomenon.
Wang S, Ma F, Shang L … +1 more , Liu X
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295308 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The phenomena of platelet phagocytosis and platelet satellitism (PS) are rare in vitro observations, with an estimated occurrence of 0.008%. These phenomena can be identified in blood smears utilizing ethylen...
BACKGROUND: The phenomena of platelet phagocytosis and platelet satellitism (PS) are rare in vitro observations, with an estimated occurrence of 0.008%. These phenomena can be identified in blood smears utilizing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as an anticoagulant, manifesting as neutrophils engulfing platelets and platelets clustering around neutrophils to form satellite-like structures. These occurrences may result in pseudothrombocytopenia (PTCP), potentially complicating clinical diagnosis and treatment decisions. METHODS: This particular case study involved measuring whole blood samples from a pregnant woman and her neonate using EDTA-K2 and sodium citrate anticoagulants. Blood smears were prepared and stained with Wright's stain to observe the morphology and count of platelets and leukocytes under oil immersion microscopy. Moreover, we investigate the potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these phenomena in both the mother and the infant. RESULTS: The platelet counts in EDTA-K2 anticoagulated samples from both the mother and the neonate were significantly lower than those in sodium citrate anticoagulated samples. On EDTA-K2 blood smears, neutrophils engulfing platelets and the platelet satellitism phenomenon were observed, with a high proportion of phagocytic cells, whereas the sodium citrate-treated whole blood samples showed no evidence of phagocytosis or platelet sat-ellitism. CONCLUSIONS: The manifestation of EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia (EDTA-PTCP) extends beyond aggregation and may include engulfment and adhesion. Sodium citrate anticoagulant can partly correct the low blood cell counts resulting from EDTA-PTCP. Furthermore, EDTA-PTCP can be maternally transmitted to neonates, causing neonatal pseudothrombocytopenia. To the best of our knowledge, this case constitutes an exceptionally rare occurrence of concurrent platelet phagocytosis and PS phenomena in both the mother and the infant.
Severe Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in a Non-HIV-Infected Pregnant Woman.
Li JY, Wang JJ, Mi MQ … +2 more , Liu Y, Cheng AB
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295307 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic pulmonary infectious disease. It is extremely rare in non-HIV-infected pregnant women. METHODS: Appropriate laboratory tests, Next Generation Sequencin...
BACKGROUND: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic pulmonary infectious disease. It is extremely rare in non-HIV-infected pregnant women. METHODS: Appropriate laboratory tests, Next Generation Sequencing, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO). RESULTS: A 25-year-old pregnant woman with gestational diabetes and no HIV infection presented with fever, cough, and hypoxemia. Through chest imaging, gene sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and serological testing, she was diagnosed with severe PCP. The patient received invasive mechanical ventilation, VV-ECMO, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and caspofungin treatment, after which her condition improved significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnant women with diabetes mellitus who are not infected with HIV and present with fever and hypoxemia as the primary symptoms should be vigilant for PCP.
The Expression and Clinical Significance of Serum Long Noncoding RNA TTTY15 in Patients With Multiple Myeloma.
Zhang Y, Chen J, Sun X … +3 more , Gu Q, Chen Y, Xie J
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295306 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy caused by the malignant proliferation of plasma cells, which lacks diagnostic markers. This study further explores the clinical significance and applicability...
BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy caused by the malignant proliferation of plasma cells, which lacks diagnostic markers. This study further explores the clinical significance and applicability of serum lncRNA TTTY15 in MM diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we measured its relative expression in male MM patients vs. healthy controls, analyzing correlations with MM clinicopathological features and tradi-tional markers ALB, β2-MG to assess its potential in MM auxiliary diagnosis. RESULTS: Serum TTTY15 expression in male multiple myeloma (MM) patients was significantly higher than in healthy controls (p < 0.001). In 30 followed-up male MM patients, serum TTTY15 levels decreased after three months of chemotherapy compared to pre-treatment values. Furthermore, TTTY15 expression correlated with albumin levels and renal injury (both p < 0.05). Combining TTTY15 with ALB and β2-MG improved diagnostic performance for MM. CONCLUSIONS: Serum TTTY15 was variably expressed in MM patients, indicating that serum TTTY15 may be a novel biomarker for MM diagnosis and dynamic monitoring.
Accuracy of 0.25 µg/mL-Interval MIC Measurement of Vancomycin Among Staphylococcus aureus: a Pilot Study.
Fujimori T, Hagiya H, Fukushima S … +2 more , Kakehi A, Iio K
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295305 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: We aimed to examine the accuracy of 0.25 μg/mL-interval minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) measurement of vancomycin (VCM) for Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS: We collected microbiological data on S. aureu...
BACKGROUND: We aimed to examine the accuracy of 0.25 μg/mL-interval minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) measurement of vancomycin (VCM) for Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS: We collected microbiological data on S. aureus from June 2020 to November 2023 at Okayama Univer-sity Hospital, Japan. The VCM MIC values were determined by the microdilution method using Dry Plate Eiken (Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) at ≤ 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, and 2 µg/mL. We performed day-to-day reproducibility testing for S. aureus standard strain (ATCC 29213) and evaluated the within-run reproducibility and intertechnician errors among clinical isolates. Finally, we investigated the possibility of VCM creeping by reviewing the clinical data. RESULTS: Fifteen day-to-day reproducibility tests revealed within one-tube differences. Within-run reproducibility testing was performed for 33 clinical isolates, and 32 isolates (97.0%) demonstrated within one-tube differences; complete agreement and one-tube differences were observed at 45.5% and 51.5%, respectively. Inter-technician reproducibility was assessed for 10 clinical isolates, and complete agreement and one-tube differences were ob-served at 20% and 80%, respectively. Of 19 cases receiving VCM treatment, one case showed an MIC elevation (≤ 0.5 to 1.25 µg/mL), suggesting VCM creeping. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed the accuracy of VCM MIC determination at 0.25 µg/mL increments among clinical isolates of S. aureus, based on the broth microdilution method.
Increased Expression of ProBDNF/Sortilin in Localized Prostate Cancer Tissues Compared to Adjacent Non-Cancerous Tissues.
Chi Y, Pan H, Li C … +1 more , Wang X
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295304 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The unprocessed precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), proBDNF, has emerged as a potential determinant of therapeutic response in prostate cancer. Upon secretion, proBDNF preferentially binds...
BACKGROUND: The unprocessed precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), proBDNF, has emerged as a potential determinant of therapeutic response in prostate cancer. Upon secretion, proBDNF preferentially binds to the co-receptors sortilin and p75NTR, triggering pro-apoptotic or pro-survival cascades, depending on cellular context. ProBDNF engages sortilin/p75NTR to drive castration resistance and metastasis in prostate cancer. High proBDNF/sortilin predicts poor therapy outcome, yet their tissue expression in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. METHODS: To evaluate the protein expression levels of proBDNF, sortilin, and p75NTR, we performed immunohistochemical analyses on 18 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) PCa tissues obtained at radical prostatectomy between 2024 and 2025, together with matched para-carcinoma tissues. RESULTS: Compared with para-carcinoma tissues, immunohistochemistry in 18 paired specimens showed that pro-BDNF was significantly upregulated in PCa tissues (median IHC score 60.5 (range 57 - 65) vs. 41.5 (40 - 45), p < 0.05). Sortilin expression was also higher in PCa (median 37.0 (35 - 39) vs. 16.5 (15 - 18), p < 0.01); P75 expression remained relatively low in both prostate cancer and adjacent non-cancerous tissues (18.5 (17 - 20) vs. 6.5 (5 - 8), p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest a correlation between the expression levels of proBDNF, sortilin, and p75-NTR and the characteristics of PCa. Further investigation into the mechanisms underlying these interactions may provide valuable insights for the development of targeted therapies for PCa.
Investigating the Regulatory Role of Neuritin in TUBB3 Expression and Akt-mTOR Signaling Pathway in Gastric Cancer Cells.
Zhong C, Lu Y, Chen X … +3 more , Dong X, Wang T, Zhang L
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295303 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric cancer progression is essential for developing novel diagnostic and ther...
BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric cancer progression is essential for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Neuritin, a neurotrophic factor, has been implicated in various cellular processes, but its role in gastric cancer remains poorly understood. This study investigated the expression and function of neuritin in gastric cancer cells, focusing on its regulation of type III β-tubulin (TUBB3) and the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. METHODS: Four human gastric cancer cell lines (KATOⅢ, SNU-1, AGS, and NCI-N87) and normal gastric mucosal epithelial cells (GES-1) were cultured. Neuritin expression was evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Gastric cancer cells with low endogenous neuritin expression were transfected with a pcDNA3.1-neuritin plasmid, while those with high neuritin expression were transfected with siRNA-neuritin. Transfection efficiency was verified by qRT-PCR and Western blot. TUBB3 expression and key components of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway were examined following neuritin overexpression or knockdown. Cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities were assessed using CCK-8 assays and Transwell experiments in neuritin-knockdown cell lines. RESULTS: Neuritin mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly higher in gastric cancer cell lines (KATOⅢ, SNU-1, AGS, and NCI-N87) compared to normal gastric mucosal epithelial cells (GES-1). Overexpression of neuritin led to upregulation of TUBB3, p-Akt, and p-mTOR expression, whereas neuritin knockdown resulted in decreased expression of these markers. Neuritin depletion significantly attenuated cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion capacities. These findings indicate that neuritin promotes gastric cancer progression by upregulating TUBB3 and activating the Akt/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Neuritin is overexpressed in human gastric cancer cell lines and plays a crucial role in promoting malignant behaviors by regulating TUBB3 expression and the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Downregulation of neuritin effectively suppresses the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells. This study suggests that neuritin may serve as a promising molecular target for the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of gastric cancer.
Whooping Cough Epidemic in Casablanca in 2024.
Alaoui-Inboui FZ, Benchekroune Y, Ahmito O … +4 more , Lassouli K, Kettani AE, Katfy K, Slaoui B
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295302 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Whooping cough is a respiratory infection primarily caused by a bacterium called Bordetella pertussis. It is a cyclical disease occurring every 3 to 5 years. This infection leads to high morbidity and mortali...
BACKGROUND: Whooping cough is a respiratory infection primarily caused by a bacterium called Bordetella pertussis. It is a cyclical disease occurring every 3 to 5 years. This infection leads to high morbidity and mortality among infants too young to be vaccinated. In Morocco, as in many countries, three epidemic peaks have been observed despite high vaccination coverage. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, biological, and progression profiles of children hospitalized for whooping cough. METHODS: This prospective study included 30 infants hospitalized for whooping cough over one year (from January 1 to December 2024). Data was collected using a preestablished data collection form. RESULTS: The average age was 2 months and 26 days, ranging from 31 days to 1 year and 7 months. Vaccination status analysis revealed: 13 infants were unvaccinated (43.33%), 15 were partially vaccinated for their age (50%); however, only 2 were fully vaccinated (6.6%). A source of contamination was identified in all cases, with mothers being the primary source of contamination (18 cases, 60%), followed by siblings (3 cases), fathers (3 cases), grand-parents (3 cases), and cousins (3 cases). Complicated cases were dominated by secondary infections (18 infants, 60%), severe apnea (12 infants), and pneumonia (1 infant). Blood tests showed lymphocytosis between 8,000 and 10,000/mm³ in 7 infants (23.3%), between 10,000 and 20,000/mm³ in 12 infants (40%), and above 20,000/mm³ in 1 infant (3.3%). PCR testing of nasal secretions was positive in 21 out of 29 cases (72.4%). Chest X-rays were normal except for 5 infants with alveolar opacities. All patients received a 3-day course of azithromycin, and their mothers were also treated. The outcome was favorable for 28 patients, while 2 were transferred to intensive care for severe apnea and convulsive status. One death was recorded. CONCLUSIONS: Whooping cough remains a significant public health issue. Morocco is currently experiencing an epidemic resurgence. Prevention relies on booster vaccinations for adolescents and young adults, as well as infants at the age for vaccination. Maternal vaccination during pregnancy is currently the most effective strategy to protect unvaccinated newborns.
Finger-Stick Hemoglobin Test in Geriatric Patients.
Yildiz G, Bedel C, Selvi F … +2 more , Zortuk Ö, Yavuz YF
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295301 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Finger-stick hemoglobin tests, also known as point-of-care testing (POCT) for hematology, offer a convenient and minimally invasive method for obtaining blood samples and conducting various hematological anal...
BACKGROUND: Finger-stick hemoglobin tests, also known as point-of-care testing (POCT) for hematology, offer a convenient and minimally invasive method for obtaining blood samples and conducting various hematological analyses. Given the paucity of studies in the literature assessing fingertip hemoglobin levels in geriatric patients and the simplicity of the method, the objective of this study was to measure fingertip blood hemoglobin levels in the geriatric population. METHODS: The study was conducted on geriatric patients who presented to the emergency department of a tertiary teaching and research hospital. In the study, peripheral blood samples were collected from the participants via the fingertip venipuncture method and were compared to conventional hemoglobin results. RESULTS: The study included 130 geriatric patients. The mean corpuscular hemoglobin value, as determined by the conventional method, was found to be 11.68 ± 2.66 g/dL, while the mean value obtained by fingertip measurement was 10.82 ± 3.01 g/dL. The mean value for hemoglobin was found to be -0.8615 (95% confidence interval: -1.1864 to -0.5367), while the mean value for hematocrit was -4.7969 (95% confidence interval: -5.9248 to -3.6690). CONCLUSIONS: Finger-stick hemoglobin tests represent a significant advancement in point-of-care diagnostics, offering a practical alternative to traditional blood sampling methods.
hsa_circ_0003218 Mitigates Trophoblast Dysfunction in Gestational Diabetes by Regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and NLRP3 Inflammasome.
Zhang XF, Wei LH, Wu YD … +3 more , Li XH, Wang ZF, Ju YR
Clin Lab · 2026 Jun · PMID 42295300 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: This investigation sought to determine hsa_circ_0003218's role and mechanism in trophoblast dysfunction during gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: The study involved forty pregnant women, comprising...
BACKGROUND: This investigation sought to determine hsa_circ_0003218's role and mechanism in trophoblast dysfunction during gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: The study involved forty pregnant women, comprising twenty with GDM and twenty with normal pregnancies. hsa_circ_0003218 expression levels in serum and placental tissues were detected by RT-qPCR. hTR8/ SVneo cells were exposed to high glucose (HG) in vitro and assayed for proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion by CCK-8, flow cytometry, and Transwell tests, respectively. Inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA. TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB cascade and NLRP3 inflammasomes-associated proteins were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: hsa_circ_0003218 was lowly expressed in placental tissues from GDM patients and HG-treated trophoblasts. hsa_circ_0003218 overexpression lessened HG-induced inhibition of trophoblast proliferation, migration, and invasion, and stimulation of apoptosis and inflammatory factor production. Furthermore, hsa_circ_0003218 prevented the activation of both the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB cascade and the NLRP3 inflammasome. CONCLUSIONS: hsa_circ_0003218 improves trophoblast function in GDM by blocking the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB cascade and preventing NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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