Revista Cubana De Medicina Tropical[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
[Culicidae of medical-veterinary importance in natural breeding sites located in three areas of Camagüey province in Cuba].
Diéguez Fernández L, Vásquez Capote R, Mentor Sarría VE … +2 more , Díaz Martínez I, Fimia Duarte R
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23447830
INTRODUCTION: Malaria is a serious public health problem at present; it affects almost half of the population from over 100 countries and poses a high risk of reintroduction in Cuba. OBJECTIVE: To identify the Culicidae...
INTRODUCTION: Malaria is a serious public health problem at present; it affects almost half of the population from over 100 countries and poses a high risk of reintroduction in Cuba. OBJECTIVE: To identify the Culicidae species present in natural breeding sites located in three areas of Camagüey municipality, particularly anopheles. METHODS: Larval inspections were carried out in 66 natural breeding sites of Anopheles almimanus located in three areas of Camagüey municipality from May to June 2010, according the World Health Organization methodology. The preferential breeding sites of Anopheles albimanus and the association of this species with other Culicidae were ascertained. RESULTS: Presence of Culicidae in 28.78% of inspected breeding sites, being Anopheles albimanus the prevailing one with 63.51%. This species was captured together with Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex nigripalpus, Culex erraticus, Culex corniger, Psorophora confinnis, Psorophora howardii and Ochlerottatus scapularis, in low polluted water bodies such as lagoons (58.34%) and streams (25%), and in others more polluted such as ditches (8.33%) and narrow trails (8.33%). CONCLUSIONS: The existence of species of medical and veterinary importance, particularly Anopheles albimanus, in the studied areas calls for constant monitoring of these species in order to draw up integrated strategies focused on the biological fight, and the involvement of the community in this process to help in preventing the emergence of cases or epidemic outbreaks of imported malaria.
[Segregation of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) niche under laboratory conditions].
Leyva M, Marquetti Mdel C, Montada D
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444638
INTRODUCTION: Aedes and Culex are two mosquito genuses of epidemiological importance, being Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus the predominant ones in urban areas. It is common to find both of them associated in th...
INTRODUCTION: Aedes and Culex are two mosquito genuses of epidemiological importance, being Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus the predominant ones in urban areas. It is common to find both of them associated in the same breeding sites where they share a lot of things despite the literature. OBJECTIVE: To determine if there is inter-specific competence between these two species when they co-exist in a single reservoir under lab conditions. METHODS: First staging larvae, which had been kept in the insect storage deposit of the Vector Control Department, were used. The three bioassays used 2 000 mL, 1 000 mL and 500 mL of dechlorinated water. The larvae were daily fed on with 0.7 g of fish flour; temperature was 26 degrees C +/- 2 degrees C. RESULTS: The larval cycle for Aedes aegypti was 6 days in crossbreds and in controls whereas it was 8 days for Culex quinquefasciatus, regardless of variation in the number of individuals of each species and in each bioassay. The larvae of each species completely developed since food was always provided and the living space remained the same. It should be noticed that the water was not totally translucent but no pollution indicators were observed. The sexual index for each species was determined after adult vectors emerged, with 1:1 ratio for both sexes approximately. CONCLUSIONS: Under lab conditions, these species did not compete one against the other for either food or living space and there was segregation of niche that favored their co-existence.
[Biological properties of virus dengue-3 strains isolated during the epidemic ocurred in Havana, 2001-2002].
Rodríguez-Roche R, López Matilla L, Alvarez Vera M … +2 more , Morier Díaz L, Guzmán Tirado MG
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444637
INTRODUCTION: During dengue epidemics in Cuba, an increase in clinical severity with the epidemics progression in time, particularly in secondary infections, have been frequently observed. It is considered that this incr...
INTRODUCTION: During dengue epidemics in Cuba, an increase in clinical severity with the epidemics progression in time, particularly in secondary infections, have been frequently observed. It is considered that this increase could be related with genetic changes in the circulating virus. OBJECTIVE: To study some biological attributes related to strains isolated at different points of time during the dengue epidemic occurred in Havana city, 2001-2002. METHODS: Nine DENV-3 strains were studied. Cytopathogenic effect, viral growth in C6/36 HT and Vero cell lines, viral plaque sizes, temperature sensitivity, neurovirulence in newborn mice and pH influence in the binding of the virus and the cell as well as in the multiplication medium were evaluated. RESULTS: DENV-3 strains were more cytopathogenic in Vero Cells. However, higher titres were obtained in C6/36 HT cells. All the strains showed reduction of viral titres and plaque size with temperature increasing and low neurovirulence. Basic pH favoured virus-cell binding whereas acid pH was only permissive for some strains isolated at the end of the epidemic. On the other hand, at pH 6.5-7, the viral multiplication medium favoured the growth of strains isolated at the beginning of the epidemic whereas the growth of those isolated at the endof the epidemic was noticeable at pH 7-8. CONCLUSIONS: This study proved the phenotypical changes among strains isolated at different points of time in the epidemic. They might be related to differences in viral fitness or in virulent potential. Nevertheless, some of the studied biological properties suggest that dengue virus-3 strains are less virulent than the Cuban dengue virus 2 strains isolated in 1997.
[Residual effectiveness of temephos observed in a Mexican southeast city affected by dengue].
Antonio-Arreola GE, Sánchez D
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444636
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of water extraction and renewal on the residual action of temephos applied at 1ppm to cement water-storage containers at home. METHODS: The study was conducted in two stages: one, determina...
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of water extraction and renewal on the residual action of temephos applied at 1ppm to cement water-storage containers at home. METHODS: The study was conducted in two stages: one, determination of the granular temephos effectiveness on wild Aedes aegypti populations in order to set the monitoring baseline; and second, the measurement of the mean rate of water extraction at home and its effect on the residual activity of temephos. RESULTS: The effectiveness of granular temephos was CL95 = 0.095 ppm (IC95%: 0.079-0.118). As average, it was found that 69.2% of water stored in cement containers was daily used and renewed, which means significant dilution. For the purpose of simplifying the experiments on residual activity, water was extracted and renewed at a rate of 50% every day for 2 weeks. It was found that temephos effectiveness significantly declined from day 7 on after application. CONCLUSIONS: This rate of water extraction under study has an important effect on the residual activity of temephos. If this rate and the CL95 of granular temephos are considered in estimating the dosing, positive effects on the control of Aedes aegypti and more likely on the occurrence of resistance will be attained.
[Trends and predictions of tuberculosis, and challenges towards tuberculosis eradication in Havana City].
González Díaz A, Sánchez Valdés L, Armas Pérez L … +4 more , Rodríguez Vargas L, Salgado Villavicencio A, Borrero Pérez H, González-Ochoa E
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444635
OBJECTIVES: To describe the variation and the trend of new tuberculosis case reports in Havana from 1995 to 2010, as well as their projection and occurrence for 2011-2013. METHODS: A time series study was conducted, and...
OBJECTIVES: To describe the variation and the trend of new tuberculosis case reports in Havana from 1995 to 2010, as well as their projection and occurrence for 2011-2013. METHODS: A time series study was conducted, and the annual total and mean variation percentages of rates by clinical and bacteriological categories, age, municipal distribution and TB/HIV co-infection were analyzed. Estimation of projections by using two-parameter exponential smoothing techniques was made. RESULTS: The rate of new reported TB cases decreased from 16.8 in 1995 to 9.5 per 100 000 inhabitants in 2010 (43.5% and 2.9% of annual total variation and mean variation respectively). The rate declined by 80% in the municipalities and in 15-64 and > or = 65 years age groups. Habana Vieja and Centro Habana municipalities kept the highest rates throughout the whole period. TB/HIV coinfection notification increased from 3 out of 369 (0.8%) cases in 1995 to 37 out of 202 (18.3%) cases in 2010. A slight increase was estimated for the 2011-2013 period (9.5; 10.0; 10.5 per 100 000 population respectively) in addition to continuous rise of the number of cases with TB/HIV co-infection. CONCLUSIONS: The TB trend showed a steady decline in Havana from 1995 to 2010, with substantial reduction in the study period, except for TB/HIV co-infection in which the number of cases increases. The TB case report rates are within the expected values, although slightly above the predictions.
[Response to therapy in multiple drug resistant tuberculosis patients].
García de la Osa Mde L, García Silvera E, Solano Leal M … +1 more , Milanés Virelles MT
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444634
INTRODUCTION: Multiple drug resistant tuberculosis is an increasingly significant medical problem, because it means the spread of microorganisms for which "second line" drugs are required to eliminate them; therapeutic e...
INTRODUCTION: Multiple drug resistant tuberculosis is an increasingly significant medical problem, because it means the spread of microorganisms for which "second line" drugs are required to eliminate them; therapeutic effectiveness is lower, it takes longer to treat it, leading to more adverse effects in addition to being more expensive than the conventional treatment. OBJECTIVE: To identify the response to individualized treatment in multiple drug resistant tuberculosis patients, who are non-HIV seropositive. METHOD: A descriptive study was conducted in a sample of multiple drug resistant patients, who were treated for a year under individualized courses of treatment from 2000 to 2010 in Hospital Neumológico "Benéfico Jurídico". Data were collected from their medical histories and from bacteriological records. RESULTS: Out of 42 patients, 85.7% were males and the average age was 48.8 years. The most common category on admission was chronically-ill patient (40.5%). The average time for negative results in direct exam was 4.6 months and in culturing was 6 months; this indicator was lower in patients regarded as failures and higher in those classified as relapses. The highest healing percentage was found in chronic patients and in those classified as failures, accounting for 23.8 and 21.4% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The compliance with individualized treatment under direct observation in multiple drug resistant tuberculosis proved to be effective in over half of the cases.
[Assessment of the CromoCen ENT chromogenic medium for clinical diagnosis of Enterococcus species].
Díaz Pérez M, Iglesias Torrens Y, Zhurbenko R … +1 more , Quiñones Pérez D
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444633
INTRODUCTION: The frequent incidence of Enterococci at hospitals and their growing antimicrobial resistance worldwide make the in-hospital surveillance and control a pressing need; consequently, it is indispensable to av...
INTRODUCTION: The frequent incidence of Enterococci at hospitals and their growing antimicrobial resistance worldwide make the in-hospital surveillance and control a pressing need; consequently, it is indispensable to avail of more sensitive and accurate diagnostic means. OBJECTIVE: To broaden the evaluation of functionality of CromoCen ENT chromogenic medium for the isolation and identification of Enterococcus spp. from clinical samples. METHODS: One hundred and fifty clinical samples were analyzed (urine, blood, feces, vaginal smears, skin lesion exudates and exudates from catheters) in the January-April period, 2010 by using the chromogenic medium and the corresponding conventional culture media as controls; the incidence of Enterococcus spp was evaluated. The isolations were identified with 12 biochemical tests. From the biochemical identification data, it was possible to determine the quality indicators for both CromoCen ENT and the reference media. RESULTS: The chromogenic medium encouraged the growth of Enterococcus species in 24 hours, allowing their easy recognition due to the pink coloration of the colonies. The diagnostic quality indicator values were over 95%. The highest percentage of isolates was observed in the urine samples. Enterococcus faecalis was the mostly found species. CONCLUSIONS: CromoCen ENT allowed quick and accurate identification of Enterococcus spp. from various clinical samples.
[Antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolates from river water ecosystems].
Romeu Alvarez B, Salazar Jiménez P, Lugo Moya D … +2 more , Rojas Hernández NM, Eslava Campos CA
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444632
INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest problems facing global public health. The emergence of resistant clinical and environmental strains worsens the situation. Among the microorganisms with antimi...
INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest problems facing global public health. The emergence of resistant clinical and environmental strains worsens the situation. Among the microorganisms with antimicrobial resistance, Escherichia coil species stands out due to its dual role as fecal contamination indicator and pathogen. OBJECTIVES: To isolate and identify Escherichia coil isolates from water samples from polluted rivers located in La Habana, and to determine their antimicrobial in vitro susceptibility. METHODS: One hundred thirteen isolates of coliform bacteria isolated from 10 sampling stations in the capital's urban areas near Almendares, Quibú and Luyanó rivers were studied in the period of February 2008 to June 2010. The identification of isolates, the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility and the search for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase were all performed using VITEK automated method. RESULTS: One hundred thirteen environmental strains of Escherichia coli were identified. It showed that 23% of the isolates were resistant to at least one of the tested antimicrobials. The highest percentages of resistance were observed to ampicilline, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of E. coil isolates with multiple antimicrobial resistances in these rivers clearly indicates the biological risk involving the use of their waters.
[Leishmaniasis diagnosis: going from microscopic observation of parasite to DNA detection].
Montalvo AM, Fraga J, Monzote L … +2 more , García M, Fonseca L
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444631
INTRODUCTION: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by several species from Leishmania genus, which has been increasingly reported in the last few years. Several genetic, immunological factors and others related to this para...
INTRODUCTION: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by several species from Leishmania genus, which has been increasingly reported in the last few years. Several genetic, immunological factors and others related to this parasite have been associated to the outcome of the infection, and the occurrence of illness in varied clinical forms. All the aforementioned has an impact on the diagnostic method that should be used. METHODS: A basic and recent literature review was made, mainly focused on general aspects of leishmaniasis as epidemiological situation of disease, life cycle and transmission, vectors, clinical presentation and diagnosis; the latter shows information about the main methods used at present. The procedure followed by the Leishmania group at "Pedro Kourí" Institute of Tropical Medicine to support the diagnostic activities was presented as well. RESULTS: Updated practical information about the chosen topics was presented, with a practical guiding approach aimed at the health personnel that must face suspected leishmaniasis cases. Tables and figures summarized relevant aspects in an organized form, as well as the working algorithm of Institute concerning diagnosis was presented. The application of molecular diagnosis by this working team was particularly underlined. CONCLUSIONS: As leishmaniasis is still out of control, opportune diagnosis remains a must. All the methods provide useful information for taking decisions on clinical management, treatment and epidemiology of this parasitosis; hence, a working algorithm was submitted in our lab based on the most useful methods under our present conditions and experience.
[Cuban Society of Microbiology and Parasitology].
Guzmán TM
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444630
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[First report of infective endocarditis in Cuba as a result of brucellosis].
García González GS, Saborido Pérez IM, Ramírez Lana L … +1 more , Ponce de León Avila I
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444629
INTRODUCTION: the clinical manifestations of brucellosis have been poorly researched on and the symptoms and possible complications have not been deeply studied either. OBJECTIVE: to report a case of infective endocardit...
INTRODUCTION: the clinical manifestations of brucellosis have been poorly researched on and the symptoms and possible complications have not been deeply studied either. OBJECTIVE: to report a case of infective endocarditis caused by brucellosis for the first time in Cuba. METHODS: a Caucasian male farmer aged 57 years was referred from Vertientes municipality to be admitted at "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" provincial hospital in Camaguey province in December, 2009. He had been presumptively diagnosed with infectious endocarditis caused by Brucella and with moderate aortic failure since he presented with fever, general malaise, fatigue, muscle and joint pains, arthritis, marked asthenia, anorexia, neurological signs, sweating and strong chest pain. In his previous hospitalization, he had been treated with antimicrobials after indication of supplementary tests such as slow serology for brucellosis; however, specific reagents were not available,so these tests were not performed until January 2010.The epidemiological history of this case included his direct contact with cows and pigs as well as wounds and minor traumas inflicted on his hands and feet resulting from his type of work. His farm is next to another farm where the cattle is also affected with brucellosis. RESULTS: the lab tests were positive with high serological titres, and although it was not possible to isolate the etiologic agent through culturing, the disease and the infective endocarditis were serologically confirmed as additional complication; this required antimicrobial treatment and drugs for the heart disease. These complications from brucellosis are barely diagnosed in the international literature, and in Cuba, this is the first report of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: the description of this case is an alert to diagnosis of infective endocarditis that may be associated with epidemiological history of brucellosis.
[Antileishmanial activity of six extracts from marine organisms].
García Parra M, Monzote Fidalgo CL, Castañeda Pasarón CO … +2 more , García Delgado N, Pérez Hernández A
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444628
INTRODUCTION: infections caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania are a global health problem with a high prevalence in underdeveloped countries. There is no vaccine against this disease at present and the treatment us...
INTRODUCTION: infections caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania are a global health problem with a high prevalence in underdeveloped countries. There is no vaccine against this disease at present and the treatment used is poor, so the search for more effective and safe medicines is an urgent need. OBJECTIVE: to assess the in vitro antileishmanial activity of six aqueous and hydroalcohol extracts from marine organisms. METHODS: the activity of six extracts against Leishmania amazonensis promastigots and amastigots as well as their toxicity against peritoneal macrophages in BALB/c mice. RESULTS: in the promastigot assay, the extracts from Bryothamnion Iriquetrum, Bunodosoma granulifera, Halimeda opuntia and Physalia physalis showed growth inhibition at concentrations lower than 100 microg/mL whereas in amastigots, these last two extracts were the most active and least toxic with a selectivity index of 6 and 8 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: taking these results into account, it was considered that the H. opuntia and P. physalis extracts showed a promising activity, so it is suggested that further studies on its in vivo activity be conducted.
[Tuberculosis risk assessment in the staff of the National University Pneumologic Hospital of Havana].
Borroto Gutiérrez S, Sevy Court JI, Fumero Leru M … +2 more , González Ochoa E, Machado Molina D
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444627
INTRODUCTION: tuberculosis is traditionally considered as a professional disease in health care workers. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the individual and collective tuberculosis infection risk by areas or departments in the Nat...
INTRODUCTION: tuberculosis is traditionally considered as a professional disease in health care workers. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the individual and collective tuberculosis infection risk by areas or departments in the National University Pneumologiic Hospital of Havana, Cuba. METHODS: the individual risk was assessed during 2008-2009 by means of a survey administered to the staff that includes personal data, labor location and exposition to M. tuberculosis, and a Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) was applied to 112 of them. A > or = 10 mm cut-off point was used for positivity. The collective risk was measured in each area or department by the prevalence of TB infection, the tuberculin conversion rate and the number of tuberculosis cases hospitalized per year. RESULTS: of the 183 surveyed workers, 60.7% had workers for more than 5 years in the institution. Of the 64 negative workers in the previous survey, 34.4% became positive in this survey. The latent TB infection prevalence was 50.8% (CI 95%: 43.36-58.23); higher prevalence found in nurses (64.7%-CI 95%: 38.6-84.7) and lower in health non-related technicians(30%-CI 95%: 8.1-64.6). Half of the departments or areas (17/34) were evaluated as high risk, 23.5% as intermediate risk, 11.8% as low risk and 14.7% as very low risk. CONCLUSIONS: the National Pneumologic Hospital, as it was expected, is a high risk facility for Micobacterium tuberculosis infection that may affect its workers, and most of its areas pose a potential risk potential for the staff working there.
[Preservation of high risk fungal cultures of Histoplasma and Cryptococcus].
Fernández Andreu CC, Díaz Suárez LA, Ilnait Zaragozi MT … +3 more , Aragonés López C, Martínez Machín G, Perurena Lancha MR
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444626
INTRODUCTION: culture collections are responsible for providing the microbial resources for development of biological sciences. Storage in distilled water is one of the easiest and least expensive method for long-term fu...
INTRODUCTION: culture collections are responsible for providing the microbial resources for development of biological sciences. Storage in distilled water is one of the easiest and least expensive method for long-term fungal preservation. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the usefulness of this preservation method in fungal culture of Histoplasma and Cryptococcus. METHODS: the preservation condition of the highest biological risk species from Histoplasma y Cryptococcus genera, included in the fungal culture collection of "Pedro Kouri" Institute of Tropical Medicine in Havana, was evaluated in this study. One hundred and two strains stored in distilled water, 92% of which had been preserved for more than 10 years, were analyzed. RESULTS: the percentages of recovered strains from H. capsulatum, C. neoformans and C. gattii were 64.3%; 79.1% and 100% respectively. This method of preservation proved to be satisfactory for fungal culture in labs with limited financial resources. A web-based database with interesting information about the collection was made. The importance of strict compliance with the biosafety measures in these collections, particularly with high risk pathogens. CONCLUSIONS: preservation of fungal cultures in distilled water is a very useful method for laboratories with limited resources. Culture collections should be assumed as an essential activity in order to solve increasing challenges in the development of biomedical sciences.
[Educational intervention on HIV aimed at adolescent students of "Camilo Cienfuegos" military school in Arroyo Arenas].
Cañas Lugo C, Menéndez Capote R, Tápanes Fernández T … +2 more , Castillo Frías R, Abad Lamoth Y
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444625
INTRODUCTION: HIV infection in young people is one of the main health problems at the present time, with significant mortality and morbidity indexes and considerable costs. OBJECTIVE: to identify the level of knowledge,...
INTRODUCTION: HIV infection in young people is one of the main health problems at the present time, with significant mortality and morbidity indexes and considerable costs. OBJECTIVE: to identify the level of knowledge, the sources of information and the behaviours of young students at high school in order to take educational actions that raise their knowledge on this disease and promote more healthy lifestyles. METHODS: a quasi experimental study was designed to evaluate the results of an educational intervention in 200 adolescents of "Camilo Cienfuegos" Military School located in Arroyo Arenas, Havana, which was carried out in June, 2009. Demographic variables were analyzed and the effectiveness of the educational intervention was evaluated using ratio test for independent variable analysis. RESULTS: of the 200 studied students, 26.5% were female and 73.5% male, aged 14-17 years. The main sources of knowledge for information about HIV infection were TV, parents, professors and posters. They presented appropriate knowledge levels about transmission pathways, etiology and therapy of the HIV; however, they poorly knew about the clinical aspects and prevention. After the intervention, their general knowledge (73 to 92%) and the knowledge on clinical aspects significantly improved (15 to 72%),as well as the knowledge about transmission(92 to 94%) and prevention of the disease (77 to 80%). CONCLUSIONS: the implementation of a strategy to teach young people about HIV improved the knowledge about the disease in this group of patients
[Classification of dengue hemorrhagic fever using decision trees in the early phase of the disease].
Vega Riverón B, Sánchez Valdés CL, Cortiñas Abrahantes CJ … +3 more , Castro Peraza O, González Rubio CD, Castro Peraza M
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444624
INTRODUCTION: dengue is a viral disease with endemic behavior. At the beginning of the illness it is not possible to know which patients will have an unfavorable evolution and develop a severe form of dengue. However, so...
INTRODUCTION: dengue is a viral disease with endemic behavior. At the beginning of the illness it is not possible to know which patients will have an unfavorable evolution and develop a severe form of dengue. However, some warning symptoms and signs may be present. OBJECTIVE: to apply decision tree techniques to the exploration of signs of severity in the early phase of the illness. METHODS: the study sample was made up of 230 patients admitted with dengue to "Pedro Kouri" Institute of Tropical Medicine in 2001. The variables considered for the classification were the signs, symptoms and laboratory exams on the third day of evolution of the illness. The algorithm of classification and regression trees using the Gini's index was applied. Different loss matrices to improve the sensitivity were considered. RESULTS: the algorithm CART, corresponding to the best loss, had a sensitivity of 98,68% and global error of 0,36. Without considering loss, it obtained its sensitivity reached 74% with an error of 0,25. In both cases, the most important variables were platelets and hemoglobin. CONCLUSIONS: the study submitted rules of decision with high sensitivity and negative predictive value of utility in the clinical practice. The laboratory variables resulted more important from the informational viewpoint than the clinical ones to discriminate clinical forms of dengue.
[Evaluation of the SD Dengue Duo diagnosis system for detection of NS1 protein and IgM and IgG dengue antibodies].
Valdez Sandoval JJ, Ruiz Amores D, Vázquez Ramudo CS … +2 more , Calzada Gutiérrez N, Guzmán Tirado CM
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444623
INTRODUCTION: SD Dengue Duo (Standard Diagnosis) commercial kit is an immunochromatographic rapid test that detects NS1 protein and IgG/IgM dengue antibodies simultaneously. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the operational and fun...
INTRODUCTION: SD Dengue Duo (Standard Diagnosis) commercial kit is an immunochromatographic rapid test that detects NS1 protein and IgG/IgM dengue antibodies simultaneously. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the operational and functional characteristics of this system for the detection of virological and serological markers. METHODS: sera panel was made up by 161 samples, 113 from patients with clinically and serologically confirmed dengue caused by any of the four dengue virus serotypes and 48 negative samples. All these samples were tested by SD Dengue Duo Kit and by Platelia Dengue NSI Ag, IgM Capture ELISA and ELISA Inhibition Method used as reference assays. RESULTS: the evaluated kit showed a 57.75% sensitivity for the detection of NS1 protein, false negatives were detected in samples collected 5 days or more after fever onset in secondary infection cases. IgM detection showed 96.0% sensitivity and 98.4% specificity. Furthermore, high agreement (95.7%) in classifying dengue infection types (primary or secondary infections) was observed. The global study of the 3 markers, the sensitivity rose to 100%. CONCLUSIONS: SD Dengue Duo is a simple, easy and rapid assay; it does not require additional equipment, can be used for acute and convalescence serum samples and offers a good alternative for dengue diagnosis in those laboratories where a complete dengue virus diagnosis is difficult to perform.
Epidemiological analysis of eosinophilia and elevation of immunoglobulin E as a predictable and relative risk of enteroparasitosis.
Vieira Silva CC, Ferraz RR, Fornari JV … +1 more , Barnabe AS
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444622
INTRODUCTION: among the intestinal parasites, the helminthiasis occupies a prominent position in Brazil, since it worsens malnutrition and the gives rise to neurovegetative disorders. Helminths like Ascaris lumbricoides,...
INTRODUCTION: among the intestinal parasites, the helminthiasis occupies a prominent position in Brazil, since it worsens malnutrition and the gives rise to neurovegetative disorders. Helminths like Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, hookworm, Trichuris trichiura and Strongyloides stercoralis stand out due to several factors that modulate the immune response of individuals. Among the protozoa are Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica. E. dispar. Parasitic helminth antigens are important to stimulate the production of cytokines such as interleukin-4 and interleukin-5, which act through the induction of IgE synthesis and activation of eosinophils. Eosinophilia is usually detectable in pre-patent period of parasitism, initially linked to B lymphocytes, under the command of Th-2 lymphokines (IL-4 and IL-5), producing IgE in response to initial exposure to an antigen or allergen. Serum IgE high levels occur in tissue migration of larvae or harboring of parasites in tissues. OBJECTIVE: to determine the presence of eosinophils and IgE elevation in children with intestinal parasites. METHODS: high levels of IgE and eosinophils were observed in groups infected and not infected (allergic) to calculate the relative risk of intestinal parasites presumptive differentiated between protozoa and helminths and check what values of these indicators are observed in the epidemiological profile of the surveyed population. RESULTS: the values obtained by calculating the relative risk for eosinophilia, compared with helminths and allergies was 11.71, but when examined by giardiasis compared with other diseases, the relative risk was 0.75. Since the comparison of helminths and giradiase, the relative risk was 27.33. Since IgE and its parameters were appropriate commit Helminth relative risk 0.39; Giardiasis had relative risk 8, 18 and Helminths compared with giardiasis had 0.03. CONCLUSION: in this study it was possible to observe that helminthiasis is connected with cases of eosinophilia with alteration of IgE, which in turn contributes to the presence of IgE eosionofilia and has an effector response against helminths that provides the expulsion of its larvae.
[Second national survey of intestinal parasitic infections in Cuba, 2009].
Rojas CL, Angel Núñez CF, Aguiar PH … +6 more , Silva Ayçaguer CL, Alvarez D, Martínez R, Cabrera M, Cordoví R, Kourí CG
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444621
INTRODUCTION: the intestinal parasitic infections are still endemic in Cuba, with a higher frequency in rural and mountain regions. Twenty five years after the last national survey, it deemed necessary to carry out a new...
INTRODUCTION: the intestinal parasitic infections are still endemic in Cuba, with a higher frequency in rural and mountain regions. Twenty five years after the last national survey, it deemed necessary to carry out a new national survey in order to know the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and to compare the obtained results between both studies. That knowledge would be valuable to work out strategies of health and to design a control program for intestinal parasitic infections in Cuba. OBJECTIVE: to determine the current prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in Cuba and to compare these results with those obtained from the previous survey after a 25 year-period. METHODS: a cross sectional study was conducted from May to August of 2009 in a sample of Cuban population. A stool sample was collected from each individual, which was analyzed by direct examination, Willis' brine flotation method and the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. Additionally, a questionnaire was administered. RESULTS: the comparison between 1984 and 2009 surveys showed a general decrease of frequencies of intestinal parasitic infections caused by both helminths and pathogenic protozoa; however, the percentage of infections with commensal protozoa increased in 2009. In this last survey, there was observed decline of frequencies of infections with soil transmitted species, Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, and Strongyloides stercoralis and the pathogenic protozoa: Giardiau lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar, and the commensals: Endolimax nana and Entamoeba coli. The intestinal parasite Enterobius vermicularis was the only parasitic species that increased the frequency of infections with respect to the 1984 survey. The frequencies of parasitic and commensal infections in both studies were higher in the 5-14 y age group (school age). CONCLUSIONS: the comparison between the intestinal parasitic infections surveys of 1984 and 2009 showed a reduction in the frequencies of intestinal parasitic infections in the last survey. The finding in both studies of a higher frequency of pathogenic parasitic infections and commensal infections in the 5-14 y age group (school age) supports the recommendation of making emphasis on the control programs for intestinal parasitic infections in this age group.
[Thirty years after the Cuban dengue hemorrhagic epidemic occurred in 1981].
Guzmán Tirado CM
Rev Cubana Med Trop · 2012 · PMID 23444620
Cuba reported the first dengue hemorrhagic fever epidemic in the American region in 1981. More than 344 203 cases with 10 312 severe and very severe cases and 158 fatalities were reported. Thirty years after this epidemi...
Cuba reported the first dengue hemorrhagic fever epidemic in the American region in 1981. More than 344 203 cases with 10 312 severe and very severe cases and 158 fatalities were reported. Thirty years after this epidemic, the established surveillance, the control actions and the performed research studies have allowed the country to keep free of dengue, although some epidemics and waves of transmission have occurred, which have finally been eliminated. This paper summarized some interesting aspects related with this epidemic as well as with the laboratory surveillance and results of some of the main research works.
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