Ginekol. Pol. [JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Ovarian serous cystadenoma mimicking polycystic ovarian morphology in prepubertal girl: a case report and literature review.
Kowalczyk K, Zmelonek-Znamirowska A, Piskorowska K … +4 more , Wolak D, Rutecka P, Stojko R, Drosdzol-Cop A
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40827043 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Precocious puberty (PP) in girls is defined as the appearance of clinical signs of puberty before the age of eight. While central precocious puberty (CPP) is commonly idiopathic, peripheral precocious puberty...
BACKGROUND: Precocious puberty (PP) in girls is defined as the appearance of clinical signs of puberty before the age of eight. While central precocious puberty (CPP) is commonly idiopathic, peripheral precocious puberty (PPP) can be linked to estrogen-producing ovarian cysts or tumors. This study presents a rare case of ovarian serous cystadenoma mimicking polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) in a prepubertal girl, contributing to persistent hormonal disturbances and symptoms of PP. The objective is to highlight the diagnostic challenges and management strategies for such cases. METHODS: A retrospective case review was performed, detailing the clinical course, diagnostic imaging, laboratory findings, treatment decisions, and histopathological results. A literature review was conducted using the EMBASE and MEDLINE databases to compare this case with previously reported instances of ovarian cystadenoma associated with precocious puberty. RESULTS: A 15-year-old girl presented with persistent ovarian cysts and PP symptoms first noted at the age of 5. Initial imaging revealed enlarged ovaries with a polycystic appearance. Despite treatment with a GnRH analog, hormonal abnormalities persisted, with increasing estrogen and androgen levels. MRI demonstrated progressive ovarian enlargement with cystic transformation. Surgical intervention was performed at age 15, and histopathological examination confirmed serous cystadenoma. Following surgery, hormonal levels normalized, and clinical symptoms resolved. CONCLUSIONS: This case illustrates an unusual presentation of ovarian serous cystadenoma mimicking PCOM and contributing to persistent precocious puberty. Given the diagnostic challenge, a multidisciplinary approach involving endocrinologists and gynecologists is essential. Early recognition, close monitoring, and appropriate surgical intervention are crucial to managing such rare cases effectively.
Preterm and premature rupture of fetal membranes.
Shikanova S, Abdelazim IA, Nurmagambetova A … +1 more , Kabdygaliyeva A
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40736224 · Publisher ↗
Premature rupture of fetal membranes (PRFM) is rupture of fetal membranes before onset of labor (pre-labor) and after 37 gestational weeks. Preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes (PPRFM) is rupture of fetal membran...
Premature rupture of fetal membranes (PRFM) is rupture of fetal membranes before onset of labor (pre-labor) and after 37 gestational weeks. Preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes (PPRFM) is rupture of fetal membranes before 37 gestational weeks. PRFM and PPRFM are associated with a significant perinatal infectious morbidity. Failure to diagnose rupture of fetal membranes (RFM) is associated with failure to implement standard management with subsequent increased perinatal infectious morbidity. Therefore, this review designed to summarize the risk factors, methods of diagnosis and management of RFM. The conventional diagnostic tests (i.e., nitrazine and fern) used to diagnose RFM have certain limitations. The amnio-dye test is the gold standard test used for diagnosing RFM, unfortunately it is an invasive test. Both the insulin-growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and AmniSure (placental alpha microglobulin-1) bedside tests have similar performance when used to confirm the diagnosis of RFM. Early PPRFM (< 34 gestational weeks) is managed expectantly. Late PPRFM (34-36 weeks + 6 days) is managed either by immediate delivery or expectantly after patient counselling and if there are no contraindications for the expectant management. The expectant management includes antibiotics for prevention of intra-amniotic infection, corticosteroids for acceleration of fetal lung maturity, tocolysis (in early PPRFM < 34 weeks), screening and prophylaxis for group-B streptococci. Magnesium sulfate for neuroprotection and lowering the risk of cerebral palsy if the PPRFM occurs before 32 gestational weeks. During the expectant management, both the mother and fetus should be strictly monitored for diagnosing causes which necessitate termination of the expectant managment.
A retrospective analysis of perinatal outcomes in mothers with gestational diabetes and their newborns during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland.
Karcz K, Krolak-Olejnik B
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40735977 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: The global pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus resulted in a deterioration of access to healthcare services, with the increased utilization of telemedicine. The global pandemic has also had a significant...
OBJECTIVES: The global pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus resulted in a deterioration of access to healthcare services, with the increased utilization of telemedicine. The global pandemic has also had a significant impact on women's experiences of maternity care, which may have affected gestational diabetes perinatal outcomes, which are associated with the glycemic control of the mother. The objective of this study was to present and compare the results of maternal and neonatal perinatal outcomes in pregnancies affected by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the years preceding and during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted as a retrospectively analyzed cohort study of neonates born from pregnancies complicated with GDM and their mothers born at gestational age of at least 34 + 0/7 weeks. The detailed analysis encompassed both neonatal and maternal perinatal outcomes. The patients' feedback was obtained regarding the availability of necessary consultations and the quality of care provided. RESULTS: There was a notable decline in breastfeeding rates (p < 0.05). Few other perinatal outcomes differed between the years 2017-2019 and 2020-2021. CONCLUSIONS: The degree of maternal glycemic control, the quality of medical care provided, and the effectiveness of maternal treatment constitute crucial factors influencing maternal and neonatal outcomes, as well as breastfeeding rates.
Clinical significance of the CXCL6-CXCR1/CXCR2 chemokine signaling pathway in the peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis.
Smycz-Kubanska M, Religa K, Witek A … +1 more , Mielczarek-Palacz A
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40728158 · Publisher ↗
Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity with an accompanying chronic inflammatory process. The etiology of the disease is still not fully understood. An important role is attributed...
Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity with an accompanying chronic inflammatory process. The etiology of the disease is still not fully understood. An important role is attributed to immune system disorders occurring within the peritoneal cavity with the participation of chemokines and their receptors. The aim of this study was to assess the CXCL6-CXCR-1/CXCR-2 signaling axis in the peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis. The analysis showed a statistically significant increase in the concentration of CXCL6, CXCR-1 and CXCR-2 in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis compared to the concentration in the control group (p < 0.001; p < 0.05; p < 0.01, respectively). In addition, statistically significant differences in CXCL6, CXCR1 and CXCR2 concentration were demonstrated between stages of disease. Changes in the concentrations of the chemokine CXCL6 and its receptors CXCR-1 and CXCR-2 in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis indicate a disturbed immune response in the peritoneal cavity in the course of endometriosis related to the stage of the disease. The CXCL6/CXCR-1/CXCR-2 system plays an important role in the development and progression of endometriosis, which may have significant clinical significance as a potential therapeutic target but requires further investigation.
The effects of ethanol sclerotherapy on pain and quality of life in patients with endometrial cysts.
Dymanowska I, Frankowska K, Abramiuk M … +3 more , Charytanowicz M, Terpilowska B, Polak G
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40709693 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Endometriosis is a prevalent chronic gynecological condition resulting in infertility, and severe pain that strongly deteriorates patients' quality of life. In addition to surgery and pharmacotherapy, there a...
OBJECTIVES: Endometriosis is a prevalent chronic gynecological condition resulting in infertility, and severe pain that strongly deteriorates patients' quality of life. In addition to surgery and pharmacotherapy, there are also other methods of endometriosis management, such as sclerotherapy, which is used in patients with endometrial cysts. So far, there is a shortage of knowledge regarding sclerotherapy's influence on pain symptoms and quality of life. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to assess the effects of sclerotherapy on pain relief and quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study participants consisted of patients with ovarian endometriomas who have undergone ultrasound-guided transvaginal sclerotherapy with the use of high-percentage ethanol. Patients had no history of chronic diseases, besides endometriosis. They completed self-constructed both pre-procedural and post-procedural questionnaires between 3 and 6 months after sclerotherapy. RESULTS: Our study included 59 patients. Sclerotherapy resulted in a significant alleviation of pain regardless of primary cyst volume, history of endometriosis surgery, post-procedural hormonal treatment, and elapsed time between two questionnaires collection. There was a significant decreasing in Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores measured for pain during menstruation, sexual intercourse, and chronic pelvic pain after sclerotherapy. Moreover, this procedure resulted in significant improvement in life quality. Most patients reported that they would recommend this treatment method to other patients. CONCLUSIONS: Sclerotherapy is characterized by a great ability to alleviate pain and improve quality of life.
Multidisciplinary management of an isolated pelvic hydatid cyst: a rare case of laparoscopic cystectomy with colpotomy and endobag extraction.
Coşkun ES, Güner DC, Yeniocak AS … +2 more , Bacak HB, Salman S
Ginekol Pol · 2025 Jul · PMID 40709692 · Publisher ↗
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Uterine fibroids - why you should choose tailored therapies based on the joint decision of the physician and the patient.
Ciebiera M, Lozinski T, Al-Hendy A
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40709691 · Publisher ↗
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common benign tumors of the myometrium, affecting up to 70% women by age 50. Although many cases remain asymptomatic, symptomatic UFs can significantly reduce quality of life through e...
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common benign tumors of the myometrium, affecting up to 70% women by age 50. Although many cases remain asymptomatic, symptomatic UFs can significantly reduce quality of life through excessive bleeding, anemia, pelvic pain, infertility, and obstetric complications. Despite the availability of various conservative treatments - including pharmacotherapy, uterine artery embolization, and ultrasound thermoablation - surgical interventions, particularly hysterectomy, remain the dominant approach in many countries. This discrepancy between evidence-based recommendations and routine practice highlights the persistence of a paternalistic model of care, where patients are often excluded from treatment decisions and not informed about alternatives. Emerging concepts such as shared decision making (SDM) and personalized therapy emphasize the need to adapt treatment plans to each woman's clinical profile, reproductive goals, and preferences. SDM fosters trust, better adherence to therapy, and improved acceptance of complications by actively involving patients in choosing their care. The development of modern pharmacological options, like GnRH analogs, further expands possibilities for effective, reversible, fertility-preserving treatments. A paradigm shift toward patient-centered, individualized management is essential to address ethical challenges, reduce unnecessary hysterectomies, and improve outcomes. Implementing SDM and expanding access to conservative therapies require systemic changes in reimbursement, training, and patient education to ensure that care focuses not only on the disease but on the woman as a whole.
Significance of apparent diffusion coefficient in the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma and its pathohistological features.
Zorić M, Šarošković M, Vuković J … +3 more , Nosek I, Prvulović Bunović N, Vuković M
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40709690 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: MR differentiation between endometrial cancer, hyperplasia, and the normal endometrium using ADC values and their correlation with the pathohistological characteristics of endometrial cancer. MATERIAL AND MET...
OBJECTIVES: MR differentiation between endometrial cancer, hyperplasia, and the normal endometrium using ADC values and their correlation with the pathohistological characteristics of endometrial cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The retrospective study included 131 patients, 55 with endometrial cancer, 21 with hyperplasia, and 55 patients with normal endometrium. Mean ADC values were obtained by measuring the region of interest (ROI) in the corresponding part of the endometrium. RESULTS: The mean ADC values of endometrial cancer (0.646 ± 0.112 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) were significantly lower than those of endometrial hyperplasia (1.660 ± 0.394 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) and normal endometrium (1.503 ± 0.312 × 10⁻³ mm²/s) (p<0.001), while the ADC values of endometrial hyperplasia did not differ from normal endometrium. No difference was found between ADC values in different grades of endometrial cancer (p=0.219; p>0.05), depending on the depth of myometrial invasion (p=0.506; p>0.05), the presence of metastases in lymph nodes (p=0.202; p>0.05), and lymphovascular invasion (p=0.366; p>0.05). Regarding the FIGO stage, the only significant difference in ADC values was obtained for stage 4b (p=0.023; p<0.05). ADC values below 1.120 × 10⁻³ mm²/s with 100% sensitivity and 94.5% specificity indicate the presence of cancer, with a positive predictive value of 94.8% and a negative predictive value of 100%. CONCLUSIONS: The ADC is a useful diagnostic tool in the differentiation between endometrial cancer and hyperplasia with high sensitivity and specificity, but its use in differentiating pathohistological characteristics of endometrial cancer is not possible.
Expression and clinical significance of miR-10a-5p in patients with hypertension during pregnancy.
Hu Z, Zhong L, Lai Z
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40709689 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Dysregulated miR-10a-5p is associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases and fetal growth in the second trimester. This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of serum miR-...
OBJECTIVES: Dysregulated miR-10a-5p is associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases and fetal growth in the second trimester. This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of serum miR-10a-5p in patients with hypertension during pregnancy (HDP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 103 healthy pregnant women (control group) and 120 pregnant women with HDP (HDP group) were enrolled in this study. The relative miR-10a-5p was analyzed by qRT-PCR and its association with clinical indicators was performed by Pearson's correlation analysis. The diagnostic and prognostic value were by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan-Meier curve analysis, respectively. The risk factor evaluation of HDP was performed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were recorded during follow-up. RESULTS: The miR-10a-5p level was significantly declined in HDP patients compared to control (p < 0.001). The reduced miR-10a-5p was negatively related to SBP (r = -0.6777, p < 0.0001), DBP (r = -0.6026, p < 0.0001), TNF-α (r = -0.7020, p < 0.0001) and IL-6 (r = -0.7149, p < 0.0001). MiR-10-5p was a risk factor of HDP (OR = 0.433, 95% CI: 0.247-0.759, p = 0.003). HDP pregnant women with low miR-10a-5p expression levels (13/68) faced more probability of adverse pregnancy outcomes than those of high miR-10a-5p expression levels (8/52). CONCLUSIONS: Declined miR-10a-5p contributed to the diagnosis and prognosis of HDP and was also a risk factor of HDP.
A new technique for sacrospinous ligament fixation: endoscopic sacrospinous ligament fixation (Peker technique).
Peker N, Bayat Balkan S, Ege S … +3 more , Yaman Tunç S, Ağaçayak E, Evsen MS
Ginekol Pol · 2025 Jul · PMID 40709688 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to introduce a new technique, endoscopic sacrospinous ligament fixation (e-SSLF), and to present its success rate and advantages. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The hospital records of women w...
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to introduce a new technique, endoscopic sacrospinous ligament fixation (e-SSLF), and to present its success rate and advantages. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The hospital records of women who underwent e-SSLF and simultaneous vaginal hysterectomy due to stage 4 pelvic organ prolapse (POP) were evaluated. Unlike the classical SSLF technique, in e-SSLF the sacrospinous ligament (SSL) was exposed with two retractors, then visualized with a 5 mm diagnostic hysteroscope. The SSLF was performed endoscopically with Deschamps ligature needles. In the 24th postoperative hour, a contrast-enhanced pelvic computerized tomography (CT) was performed, and images were taken to confirm that the suture was passed to the correct location (2 cm medial to the sacrospinous process). Patient demographic and clinical data, surgery duration,total operation time, pre- and postoperative Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) levels, and complications were evaluated. RESULTS: Based on the evaluated medical records, 26 patients underwent e-SSLF. Postoperative CT images showed that the suture had passed to the correct place in all cases. There were no intraoperative complications, and only 2 patients experienced transient leg pain in the postoperative period. The median surgery duration was 101 seconds (25th percentile 96 seconds, 75th percentile 110 seconds). The median total operation time was 62 minutes (25th percentile 52 minute, 75th percentile 78 minute). Upon POP-Q staging at the 6-month postoperative follow-up, 24 patients (92.3%) were found to be in stage 0 and 2 (7.7%) were found to be in stage 1 POP. CONCLUSIONS: e-SSLF is a new surgical technique that is reliable and highly effective, showing fewer complications and good postoperative results due to the imaging, it provides. Imaging in SSLF will make significant contributions to gynaecology assistant training and reduce the learning curve of SSLF.
Affective temperament and emotional processing difficulties in women with PCOS and their potential impact on PCOS clinical presentation.
Urban W, Rutkowski K, Klasa K … +3 more , Jach R, Kacalska-Janssen O, Mielimaka M
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40709687 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To assess alexithymia and affective temperament in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and compare these patients to a group of patients undergoing endocrinological evaluation without a diagnosis o...
OBJECTIVES: To assess alexithymia and affective temperament in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and compare these patients to a group of patients undergoing endocrinological evaluation without a diagnosis of PCOS (non-PCOS). Additionally, the study explored the relationship between affective temperament, alexithymia, body mass index (BMI), and the severity of hirsutism in the PCOS group. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 46 patients with PCOS and 28 non-PCOS patients were recruited for the study. All participants underwent endocrinological and gynecological diagnostics. Alexithymia was assessed using the TAS-20 questionnaire, while affective temperament was evaluated with the TEMPS-A questionnaire. RESULTS: Both PCOS and non-PCOS patients were found to fall within the "intermediate alexithymic" range. Patients with PCOS exhibited more pronounced cyclothymic temperament (p=0,019), and the difference in irritable temperament was close to statistical significance (p=0,072). In a stepwise linear regression analysis, total alexithymia emerged as a statistically significant positive predictor of BMI in PCOS group (β=0.368, p=0.012). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with PCOS exhibit higher cyclothymic temperament compared to the non-PCOS group. Both groups show "intermediate alexithymia", which could impact treatment adherence and mental health, highlighting the importance of psychological interventions for improving outcomes and quality of life.
Effect of 40:1 myo-inositol/D-chiro-inositol treatment on serum asprosin levels in polycystic ovary syndrome: a prospective randomized pilot study.
Ozay OE, Ozay Y, Edebal O … +2 more , Calcagno M, Ozay AC
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40665752 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Asprosin, a novel adipokine primarily secreted by white adipose tissue, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. Its elevated levels characterize patients with...
OBJECTIVES: Asprosin, a novel adipokine primarily secreted by white adipose tissue, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. Its elevated levels characterize patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) exhibiting metabolic alterations. Aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of insulin sensitizer administration, as inositols, on asprosin levels and then compare these results with the effects of metformin treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 30 patients with PCOS were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into two groups: (i) group 1 assumed a dietary supplement based on 40:1 myo-inositol (MI)/D-chiro-inositol (DCI), (ii) group 2 assumed metformin (MET), for 12-16 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: The reduction of serum asprosin levels in patients with PCOS after treatment with MET and MI/DCI is the most intriguing result. Its levels decreased more in the inositol group, although they did not reach statistical significance probably due to the lower number of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The observed dysregulation of asprosin levels in PCOS highlights a potential link between this novel adipokine and the pathophysiology of the disorder, suggesting a modulatory effect of the combined 40:1 MI/DCI on asprosin levels. Of course, further studies may contribute to disclosing molecular mechanisms underlying asprosin reduction and open toward new perspectives.
Colposcopy in pregnancy.
Keczkowska E, Zeber-Lubecka N, Szlendak-Sauer K … +3 more , Nekanda-Trepka M, Brazert M, Ciebiera M
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40665751 · Publisher ↗
Colposcopy is a method of enhanced diagnostics of cervical dysplasia, aimed at preventing cervical cancer. Its role is the same in and out of pregnancy. It is often performed after obtaining abnormal results of cervical...
Colposcopy is a method of enhanced diagnostics of cervical dysplasia, aimed at preventing cervical cancer. Its role is the same in and out of pregnancy. It is often performed after obtaining abnormal results of cervical cytology or a test for human papillomavirus (HPV16 and HPV18), or any other abnormal findings such as polyps, or unexplained bleeding from the cervix. However, in pregnancy, the first screening test is still a cytological examination of the cervical smear. Colposcopy allows for the identification of suspicious lesions, which allows for a biopsy to be collected for histopathological evaluation. Biopsy is not recommended during pregnancy except for the detection of lesions suspected of being invasive. Colposcopy is minimally invasive, generally well tolerated and crucial for the early detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and other gynecological lesions. In pregnancy, this role is reduced to observing the cervix for the progression of lesions. Pregnancy-related lesions in the cervix sometimes make it difficult to assess the cervix effectively and reliably. Therefore, the experience of the physician performing colposcopy during pregnancy is of great importance. In this review we want to summarize the current data about colposcopy during pregnancy.
Ovarian malignant melanoma - rare ovarian pathology.
Migda M, Ponnudurai V, Bednarek S … +3 more , Tomczak-Warchol M, Swiatkowska-Freund M, Preis K
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40665750 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Evaluation of Diagnostic Parameters of Cytodiagnostics as a screening tool conducted in 2005-2020 as part of the National Population-Based Cervical Cancer Screening Program in Poland.
Madziar K, Buda M, Kedzia W
Ginekol Pol · 2025 Jul · PMID 40665749 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: We assessed the diagnostic parameters of cytodiagnosis as a screening method used in the National Population-Based Cervical Cancer Screening Program compared to out-program screening. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A...
OBJECTIVES: We assessed the diagnostic parameters of cytodiagnosis as a screening method used in the National Population-Based Cervical Cancer Screening Program compared to out-program screening. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 800 results obtained during routine screening for the National Population-Based Cervical Cancer Screening Program and out-program samples. Abnormal cytologic interpretations, which were an indication for colposcopy as well as HPV DNA HR test and the final histopathology test, both from in- and out-program patients, were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Out of 800 abnormal cytologic results, we obtained 7 - suspicion of squamous cell carcinoma, 105 - HSIL, 152 - ASC-H, 269 - LSIL, 254 - ASCUS, and 13 - AGC. Cervical pathology was confirmed on histopathology in 422 patients: cervical cancer was detected in 21 patients, with the following findings in the remaining women: 103 - CIN 3, 126 - CIN 2, 173 - CIN 1, koilocytosis without CIN - 143, and lesion-free histopathology - 378. Out of 800 abnormal cytologic results, HPV DNA was detected in 539 women, including 387 - HPV DNA HR, 240 - HPV DNA 16, and only 22 - HPV DNA 18. CONCLUSIONS: The prevention program significantly improved the detection parameters of the in-program as compared to out-program cytodiagnostics. The goal of the screening programs should be to identify lesions consistent with ≥ CIN2. Molecular testing, which can identify at least 14 HPV HR genotypes, should be the first-line screening tool. A positive molecular test result should not be an indication for advanced diagnostics. Other than conventional or liquid-based cytology, an ultimate detection test is necessary.
Rectocele.
Lippki K, Rutkowska B, Szczubelek-Pietrzykowska K … +1 more , Barcz EM
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40613702 · Publisher ↗
Rectocele is one of the more common pathologies of the pelvic floor. It is a clinical problem that significantly worsens the quality of life by causing obstructed defecation symptoms such as anal digitation, incomplete e...
Rectocele is one of the more common pathologies of the pelvic floor. It is a clinical problem that significantly worsens the quality of life by causing obstructed defecation symptoms such as anal digitation, incomplete emptying, and dyschesia. Proper differential diagnosis, distinguishing rectocele from enterocoele or perineal body descent, allows for making proper therapeutic decisions and consists of medical history, ultrasound examination, dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and defecography. The most common treatment procedures are vaginal native tissue repair, transanal repair, and laparoscopic ventrorectopexy. Surgical treatment should aim to alleviate the symptoms of obstructed defecation and repair the anatomical issue.
Evaluating the role of human chorionic gonadotropin increment in the 48 h prior methotrexate treatment for predicting the treatment success: a retrospective cohort study.
Liu L, Wang X, Huang Z … +4 more , Yang H, Zeng W, Lin Q, Han M
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40613701 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the role of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) change in the 48 h prior to methotrexate treatment as a predictor for treatment success of ectopic pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retros...
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the role of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) change in the 48 h prior to methotrexate treatment as a predictor for treatment success of ectopic pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 179 women who diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy and given a single dose (50 mg/m²) of methotrexate were included in this study from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. Serum hCG levels and clinical data were collected and compared between the success and failure groups, the percentage increment of hCG levels during the 48 hours prior to methotrexate injection was used to create a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to determine the optimal cut-off value for predicting treatment success. RESULTS: The success rate of treating ectopic pregnancy with a single dose of methotrexate was 70.9%. The optimal cut-off value for percentage increment of serum hCG levels before methotrexate injection was determined to be 12.56%, with a specificity of 60.66% and sensitivity of 55.69%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.646 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: A lower 2-day hCG percentage increment before methotrexate injection was found to be associated with successful treatment of ectopic pregnancy, with a cut-off value of 12.56%. However, caution should be exercised when deciding on methotrexate treatment versus surgery for ectopic pregnancy patients.
A rare case of "giant" chorioangioma diagnosed prenatally.
Wojtowicz A, Tomaszkiewicz A, Piskorz T … +1 more , Huras H
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40613700 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
The effects of antenatal magnesium sulfate on feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants.
Guney Varal I, Tunc G, Kucuk H … +2 more , Sener D, Oren A
Ginekol Pol · 2025 Jul · PMID 40613699 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of antenatal magnesium sulfate administration on preterm gastrointestinal feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This observatio...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of antenatal magnesium sulfate administration on preterm gastrointestinal feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This observational cohort, single-centre study included preterm infants < 30 weeks gestational age or < 1250 g, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a university hospital. These infants were divided into two groups on the basis of having received antenatal magnesium sulfate or not. RESULTS: Overall, 118 preterm infants were enrolled. Fifty-four of these infants had received prenatal magnesium sulfate (Group 1), and 64 (42%) had not (Group 2) before their neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. The number of days to full eneteral feeding and the days of total parenteral nutrition were significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1 (p < 0.05). When gestational age, birth weight, and small for gestational age (SGA) were included as factors affecting feeding intolerance, the logistic regression analysis results showed that the administration of magnesium sulfate was an independent risk factor (adjusted OR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.462-8.615; p < 0.05). Antenatal magnesium sulfate administration was not observed to have an effect on spontaneous intestinal perforation and necrotising enterocolitis. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of antenatal magnesium sulfate has proven tocolytic and neuroprotective effects on preterm births. However, it must be taken into consideration that it can cause feeding intolerance in preterm infants without causing intestinal injury.
Correlation analysis of ultrasound features with ER, PR, HER-2, P53, nuclear proliferation factor Ki-67, TOPIIa, and cytokeratin CK5/6 immunohistochemistry in non-mass infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast.
Peng H, Zhu Y, Li Y
Ginekol Pol · 2025 Jun · PMID 40485266 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: The goal is for investigating the correlation between ultrasound features and molecular pathological markers such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor...
OBJECTIVES: The goal is for investigating the correlation between ultrasound features and molecular pathological markers such as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), tumor protein p53, nuclear proliferation factor Ki-67, DNA topoisomerase IIα (Topo II), and cytokeratin CK5/6 in non mass infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 125 sufferers with non mass infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast were included in the ultrasound images and immunohistochemical results. This study analyzed the characteristics of ultrasound images, including maximum cross-sectional diameter, morphology, peripheral hyperechoic halo, hair prick sign, and micro-calcification, as well as the positive expression of molecular pathological markers (ER, PR, HER-2, p53, Ki-67, Topo II, CK5/6); It uses statistical methods for evaluating the correlation between ultrasound features and molecular pathological markers. RESULTS: In 125 patients, the maximum cross-sectional diameter was markedly related to positive expression of CK5/6 (r = 0.176, p < 0.05), Ki-67 (r = 0.328, p < 0.05), and HER-2 (r = 0.468, p < 0.05). There is a marked relation between posterior echo attenuation and ER positivity (r = 0.096, p < 0.05) and Topo II positivity (r =-0.021, p < 0.05). However, there was no marked relation in morphology, peripheral hyperechoic halo, hairline sign, and micro-calcification with prognostic molecular pathological markers (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study found a marked relation in the maximum cross-sectional diameter of non mass infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast and the positive expression of CK5/6, Ki-67, and HER-2. This finding suggests that the maximum cross-sectional diameter may serve as a potential indicator for prognostic evaluation and is closely related to the expression of cytokeratin CK5/6, nuclear proliferation factor Ki-67, and HER-2 in tumors. Posterior echo attenuation is closely related to ER positive and Topo II expression. No significant correlation was observed between morphology, peripheral hyperechoic halo, hairline sign, and micro-calcification with prognostic molecular pathological markers. These results provide new insights for the prognosis evaluation of patients with non mass infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast and contribute to the development of individualized treatment strategies, but further research and validation are still needed.
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