Ginekol. Pol. [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Correlation between plasma Afamin and gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy.
Cheng X, Cui H, Xu X … +1 more , Jiang N
Ginekol Pol · 2025 Jun · PMID 40485265 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the correlation of plasma Afamin levels with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy and assessed its predictive value for the risk and prognosis of GDM. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A t...
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the correlation of plasma Afamin levels with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy and assessed its predictive value for the risk and prognosis of GDM. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 993 pregnant women were included in this nested case-control study. The fasting blood samples in their first trimester were collected. Ninety-one women were diagnosed with GDM, and they were subdivided into insulin treatment group (Group A1, 30 cases) and non-insulin treatment group (Group A2, 61 cases) according to whether they needed to treat with insulin. Another 91 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance were as the control group (NC group). The plasma and umbilical cord blood levels of Afamin were measured in the first and second trimesters using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlation of Afamin levels with GDM during pregnancy and its predictive value were assessed. RESULTS: Plasma Afamin levels in both GDM groups (A1 and A2) were significantly higher than in the control group at all pregnancy stages (p < 0.01). Afamin levels in the second trimester were significantly higher in Group A1 than those in Group A2 (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression identified that plasma Afamin levels in the first trimester (OR = 1.126, 95% CI: 1.032-1.228, p = 0.008) and in the second trimester (OR = 1.173, 95% CI: 1.092-1.259, P = 0.000) were the independent risk factors for GDM, along with insulin resistance index (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.036-2.534, p = 0.034). ROC analysis showed optimal cut-off value of plasma Afamin was 65.90 mg/L in the first trimester (AUC = 0.858, sensitivity = 75.8%, specificity = 85.7%) and 85.09 mg/L in the second trimester (AUC = 0.874, sensitivity = 92.3%, specificity = 76.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated plasma Afamin levels during the first and second trimesters are associated with GDM, supporting Afamin level as a potential biomarker for early GDM risk prediction.
Impact of disease activity on pregnancy outcomes and risk factors for fetal loss in systemic lupus erythematosus: a single-center cohort study.
He L, Ke Y, Zhan F … +1 more , Wu J
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40485264 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity on neonatal outcomes and analyze risk factors associated with fetal loss in SLE pregnancies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrosp...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity on neonatal outcomes and analyze risk factors associated with fetal loss in SLE pregnancies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed 102 pregnancies in 99 women with SLE at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, China, between 2013 and 2020. Demographic data, live birth outcomes, and fetal loss were evaluated. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed among SLE disease activity groups in early preterm birth (χ² = 9.825, p < 0.05), term birth (χ² = 13.320, p < 0.05), neonatal birth weight (F = 8.688, p < 0.05), small for gestational age (χ² = 12.291, p < 0.05), neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (χ² = 9.820, p < 0.05), neonatal infection (χ² = 9.227, p < 0.05), and neonatal myocardial injury (χ² = 7.033, p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified unplanned pregnancy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.772, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.321-5.814], moderate-to-severe SLE activity (aOR = 4.537, 95% CI: 2.103-9.789), preeclampsia (aOR = 6.223, 95% CI: 2.845-13.615), 24-hour urinary protein > 1.0 g (aOR = 3.682, 95% CI: 1.726-7.854), and positive antiphospholipid antibodies (aOR = 5.250, 95% CI: 2.437-11.308) as independent risk factors for fetal loss (all p < 0.05). Medication initiated at least six months before pregnancy, particularly hydroxychloroquine, was associated with reduced fetal loss (aOR = 0.378, 95% CI: 0.185-0.772, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Planned pregnancy, early initiation of hydroxychloroquine treatment, and close monitoring of disease activity, urinary protein, antiphospholipid antibodies, and blood pressure are crucial strategies to reduce fetal loss in SLE pregnancies. Early intervention for abnormal parameters may improve outcomes.
Prolactin's diverse physiological roles and the clinical significance of hyperprolactinemia.
Bocianska K, Bochynski H, Markwitz M … +1 more , Katulski K
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40485263 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of prolactin biology, encompassing its molecular heterogeneity, neuroendocrine regulation, and multifaceted roles in human health and disease, focusing on...
OBJECTIVES: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of prolactin biology, encompassing its molecular heterogeneity, neuroendocrine regulation, and multifaceted roles in human health and disease, focusing on hyperprolactinemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant articles on prolactin biology, physiology, and related disorders. RESULTS: Prolactin exists in various molecular forms, including monomeric prolactin, 'big prolactin', and macroprolactin, each with distinct biological activities. Prolactin secretion is tightly regulated by a complex interplay of hypothalamic factors, primarily dopamine and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). Prolactin exerts diverse physiological effects, including roles in lactation, reproduction, metabolic homeostasis, immune function, and neuroprotection. Dysregulation of prolactin secretion, particularly hyperprolactinemia, can lead to significant clinical manifestations. Accurate diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia requires a thorough evaluation of potential etiologies, including pituitary adenomas, medications, and systemic diseases. Management strategies encompass pharmacological therapies, such as dopamine agonists and surgical interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Prolactin is a multifaceted neuroendocrine hormone with a diverse range of physiological functions and clinical implications. Understanding the complexities of prolactin biology is essential for recognizing and managing prolactin-related disorders, such as hyperprolactinemia, and for developing novel therapeutic strategies that target prolactin signaling pathways.
Women's sexual quality of life after ectopic pregnancy surgery - vNOTES vs conventional laparoscopy - a retrospective cohort study.
Dura MC, Kaya C, Gürsoy B … +3 more , Aslan Ö, Yıldız Ş, Ekin M
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40485262 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to compare the postoperative sexual function and recovery outcomes between women who underwent vNOTES (vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery) and those who underwent conventi...
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to compare the postoperative sexual function and recovery outcomes between women who underwent vNOTES (vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery) and those who underwent conventional laparoscopy (CL) for ectopic pregnancies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with data from 98 patients who underwent CL or vNOTES for ectopic pregnancy. Postoperative sexual function and genital self-image were evaluated using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSIS) surveys, respectively. Patients were divided into the vNOTES group (n = 40) and the CL group (n = 58). RESULTS: The postoperative FSFI total scores did not significantly differ between the vNOTES group and the CL group (p = 0.384). However, the lubrication subgroup score of the FSFI was significantly higher in the CL group compared to the vNOTES group (p = 0.001). The FGSIS total score was significantly higher in the vNOTES group compared to the CL group (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: While vNOTES surgery may offer some postoperative benefits in terms of genital self-image, it is associated with lower lubrication scores compared to conventional laparoscopy. These findings highlight the potential impact of vNOTES on sexual function, emphasizing the need for further research to optimize surgical approaches that balance sexual function and recovery outcomes.
Development of clear cell carcinoma based on iatrogenic endometriosis - case series.
Stojko M, Stojko S, Leszczynska N … +2 more , Nikel K, Drosdzol-Cop A
Ginekol Pol · 2025 Jun · PMID 40485261 · Publisher ↗
Iatrogenic endometriosis, a rare form of endometriosis resulting from surgical interventions, has become increasingly recognized as a complication of cesarean sections. This study examines the development of clear cell c...
Iatrogenic endometriosis, a rare form of endometriosis resulting from surgical interventions, has become increasingly recognized as a complication of cesarean sections. This study examines the development of clear cell carcinoma (CCC) arising from endometrial tissue implanted in cesarean section scars. Based on a review of 41 clinical cases, the study highlights the challenge in diagnosis and management of this uncommon aggressive malignancy. The average delay from cesarean section to diagnosis was 18 years, with common symptoms being painful masses and scar tenderness. Imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) were the first diagnostic tools, while biopsy confirmed malignancy in most cases. The outlook for patients who had CCC in cesarean scars was extremely poor, and scant long-term survival data existed. These observations serve to reemphasize the necessity of increased awareness by gynecologists and obstetricians of the risk potential associated with cesarean delivery. Improved diagnostic scrutiny, especially in the patient who comes to the doctor with unexplained symptoms involving the scar, is recommended in this study. A strong role is also supported in informed choice before surgical modes of delivery are attempted.
Clear cell carcinoma with lung metastasis arising from endometriosis in the abdominal surgical scar - management with a multidisciplinary mode.
Liao CY, Luo FJ, Chiu FL … +1 more , Hsieh JS
Ginekol Pol · 2025 May · PMID 40418046 · Publisher ↗
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Should we abandon the use of transvaginal mesh in woman's pelvic floor reconstructive surgery? - 10 years of experience in the field of vaginal pelvic floor surgery.
Pietak P, Futyma K, Rechberger-Krolikowska E … +3 more , Struzyk A, Kolodynska A, Rechberger T
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418045 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate how surgical management strategies for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) have changed in a single-centre department over the last decade, as Food and Drug Administration (FDA...
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate how surgical management strategies for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) have changed in a single-centre department over the last decade, as Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warnings have changed worldwide attitudes to mesh augmented reconstruction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 4180 patients who were operated on due to advanced symptomatic POP (≥ 2 POP-Q scale) from January 2010 to December 2020. Patients were divided into three groups depending on the type of POP vaginal surgery performed: group 1 - vaginal native tissue repair (VNTR) - (n = 1376); group 2 - transvaginal mesh repair (TVM; anterior, posterior, or both) - (n = 2494), and group 3 - transvaginal hysterectomy (TVH) - (n = 310). The clinical effectiveness of each type of procedure was estimated by means of the NIH Pelvic Floor Disorders Network criteria. RESULTS: The number of VNTR surgeries has significantly increased since 2017, following FDA warnings about the safety of these surgeries. The reoperation rate during the follow-up period did not differ between the investigated groups. However, urgency occurrence was significantly lower in the VNTR group when compared to the TVM and TVH groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In most cases of symptomatic POP, vaginal native tissue repair is a safe and effective primary treatment. Based on the reoperation rate and the functional outcome we have not found any evidence of benefits from augmenting surgical prolapse repairs with polypropylene mesh inlays.
Fetal hypoplastic left heart syndrome and neonatal follow-up in Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute report from January 2023 to January 2024: an improvement of survival rate.
Respondek-Liberska M, Strzelecka I, Slodki M … +7 more , Krekora M, Grzesiak M, Gulczynska E, Maroszynska I, Moszura T, Malec E, Januszewska K
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418044 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: In 2023 and 2024, our primary study group consisted of 39 fetuses with HLHS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From the final analysis, we excluded the following: 1 twin pair (twin A with normal heart anatomy and twin B...
OBJECTIVES: In 2023 and 2024, our primary study group consisted of 39 fetuses with HLHS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From the final analysis, we excluded the following: 1 twin pair (twin A with normal heart anatomy and twin B with HLHS), 2 terminations of pregnancy, and 2 newborns without prenatal echocardiography (only ultrasound was performed, and HLHS was not detected prenatally). As a result, our study group comprised 34 fetuses. The mean gestational age at the detection of HLHS was 19 weeks (± 6 weeks). Extracardiac malformations were present in 7 fetuses out of 34. Prenatally diagnosed genetic problems included Turner syndrome, DiGeorge syndrome, and an abnormal Y chromosome. RESULTS: Most pregnancies ended at term, with a mean gestational age at delivery of 38.5 weeks (± 0.9). The mean birth weight was 3142 g, and the mean Apgar score was 8 at 1 minute. After birth, there were 2 neonatal deaths: one newborn with HLHS and a birth weight of 1900 g, and another with HLHS and lymphangiectasies. Norwood surgery was performed in 32 newborns: in survivors, at a mean age of 12 ± 5 days, and in the non-survivor group, at a mean of 17 ± 5 days (t-test p = 0.027). The overall survival rate from 2023 to 2024 was 87% for liveborn fetuses/neonates, significantly higher than the historical data from 2008-2015, which showed a survival rate of 64% (chi-square p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal echocardiographic data do not equate to cardiac surgery data, as they include deaths in utero, terminations of pregnancy, and deaths after delivery (presurgery mortality). In consultations with future parents following the prenatal detection of HLHS, the entire spectrum of possible outcomes should be discussed, including the survival rate after Norwood surgery at our center, which was approximately 90% from January 2023 to January 2025. The day of cardiac surgery may be an additional important risk factor.
Irisin - a new biomarker for endometrial cancer?
Szarszewska M, Markowska J, Grybos M … +6 more , Grybos A, Marszalek A, Malicka-Durczak A, Filas V, Michalak M, Markowska A
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418043 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Irisin is an adipomyokine that has an inhibitory effect on inflammation and possesses anticancer activity. It inhibits cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion through various signaling pathways as...
OBJECTIVES: Irisin is an adipomyokine that has an inhibitory effect on inflammation and possesses anticancer activity. It inhibits cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion through various signaling pathways associated with carcinogenesis. It has been described to be associated with a number of malignancies in various locations. It has been recognized that it may be a biomarker and prognostic factor in some malignancies. In addition, studies indicate irisin's possible role in treating malignant lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In material including 129 cases of endometrial cancer and normal endometrium in a control group of 18 women with uterine myomas. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in irisin protein expression. There were also no differences in irisin expression according to clinical stage, type, and histopathological differentiation. CONCLUSIONS: Further clinical studies are needed to evaluate irisin activity in endometrial cancer.
Optimizing V-NOTES hysterectomy: a comparative analysis of GelPoint and Glove techniques.
Bulutlar E, Uluutku Bulutlar GB, Şahin S
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418042 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Vaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (V-NOTES) has emerged as a minimally invasive approach for hysterectomies, offering improved outcomes and patient satisfaction. Various techniques, incl...
OBJECTIVES: Vaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (V-NOTES) has emerged as a minimally invasive approach for hysterectomies, offering improved outcomes and patient satisfaction. Various techniques, including the GelPoint® and Glove methods, are used during V-NOTES procedures, each with potential advantages and drawbacks. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the GelPoint® and Glove techniques in V-NOTES hysterectomy surgeries by evaluating their impact on surgical outcomes, complication rates, operative time, patient satisfaction, aesthetic results, and costs. This is a retrospective study analyzing data from patients who underwent V-NOTES hysterectomy between 2022 and 2024. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 60 patients were included, divided into two groups based on the technique used: GelPoint (n = 30) and Glove (n = 30). Data on operative time, intraoperative and postoperative complications, hospital stay duration, aesthetic satisfaction, and costs were collected retrospectively. RESULTS: The mean operative time was significantly shorter in the GelPoint group (85 ± 12 minutes) compared to the Glove group (102 ± 15 minutes, p < 0.01). Postoperative complication rates were also lower in the GelPoint group (7%) than in the Glove group (15%, p < 0.05). The material cost for the Glove technique was 200 USD, whereas for the GelPoint technique, it was 500 USD. CONCLUSIONS: Both GelPoint and Glove techniques are safe and effective for V-NOTES hysterectomies. The GelPoint technique is associated with shorter operative times and fewer complications, whereas the Glove technique provides a more cost-effective solution.
Pregnant women's knowledge of and attitudes toward pertussis, influenza and COVID-19 vaccination.
Mierzwa G, Jurga J, Kuciel J … +3 more , Kolak M, Jaworowski A, Huras H
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418041 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Despite the robust scientific evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of vaccinations in preventing severe illness, complications, and death, trust in immunizations has been declining, among others, in a...
OBJECTIVES: Despite the robust scientific evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of vaccinations in preventing severe illness, complications, and death, trust in immunizations has been declining, among others, in a particularly vulnerable group, such as pregnant women. This study aimed to present women's attitudes towards vaccinations against pertussis, influenza, and COVID-19 during pregnancy, their knowledge of the subject, and their motivations for getting vaccinated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An anonymous, self-reported questionnaire developed for this study was distributed to postpartum women hospitalized at the Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Cracow, Poland, between February and April 2023. Participants provided sociodemographic and obstetric information, reasons for getting vaccinated or not, and their sources of vaccination knowledge. RESULTS: Women's primary motivation (96.4%) for vaccinating during pregnancy was to protect their children from severe cases of pertussis, influenza or COVID-19. Among the reasons for not getting vaccinated against pertussis and influenza during pregnancy, most patients cited the belief in the lack of necessity for vaccination (42.9%, 34.3% respectively), and in the case of COVID-19 - receiving the vaccine before pregnancy (27.6%). Obstetricians provided information about recommended vaccinations only to 49.3% of respondents. 64.2% of surveyed patients expressed a willingness to vaccinate their child in the future with both mandatory and recommended vaccines. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that a lack of knowledge leads to an insufficient vaccination rate during pregnancy. We see a crucial role for physicians, especially obstetricians, in providing patient information while underlining undeniable benefits of maternal vaccination to the children's health.
Evaluation of transforming growth factor-beta 1 concentrations in serum, peritoneal and endometrioma fluid in women operated on for ovarian endometriosis as a biomarker of endometrioma.
Wojtowicz M, Zdun D, Owczarek AJ … +2 more , Skrzypulec-Plinta V, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418040 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Some studies indicate the role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in the development of endometriosis. However, the lack is studies assessed its plasma levels as a biomarker of endometrioma. Th...
OBJECTIVES: Some studies indicate the role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in the development of endometriosis. However, the lack is studies assessed its plasma levels as a biomarker of endometrioma. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze plasma, peritoneal, and endometrioma fluid TGF-beta 1 concentrations in women operated on for ovarian endometriosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional cohort study involved 56 women operated on for ovarian endometriosis. Body mass, height, and waist circumference were measured, as well as body mass index (BMI) being calculated. Plasma, peritoneal, and endometrioma fluid TGF-beta 1 concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Levels TGF-beta 1 were significantly higher in plasma than in both fluids (1286.1 pg/mL vs 114.7 pg/mL; p < 0.001 and 114.7 pg/mL vs 33.6 pg/mL; p < 0.001) and in endometrioma fluid than in peritoneal fluid (114.7 pg/mL vs 33.6 pg/mL; p < 0.001). There were also positive correlations between TGF-beta 1 levels in endometrioma and peritoneal fluids and plasma (r = 0.46; p < 0.001; r = 0.30; p < 0.05, respectively). There were no associations between TGF-beta 1 in plasma, endometrioma, peritoneal fluid, and endometriosis stage. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that plasma TGF-beta 1 concentration can be considered as a biomarker of endometrioma.
Is there a relationship between genital hiatus distance and the presence of pelvic organ prolapse?
Dinçer E, Tarhan F
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418039 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is an important disease affecting the quality of life of women. We aimed to investigate the relationship of genital hiatus (GH) and anogenital distance (AGD) measurements with POP...
OBJECTIVES: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is an important disease affecting the quality of life of women. We aimed to investigate the relationship of genital hiatus (GH) and anogenital distance (AGD) measurements with POP in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 1696 Patients who underwent urodynamic investigations in our clinics were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic data, physical examination data and urodynamic investigation results of all patients were evaluated. Those beyond POPQ stage 2 and above were considered to have pelvic organ prolapse. RESULTS: The mean age was 49.44 ± 0.27 years, and the mean body-mass index was 30.08 ± 0.16 kg/m². While 682 patients (40.2%) were considered as having no POP, 1014 patients (59.8%) were considered as having POP. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of POP status respect of the parity, mean GH and AGD, and hysterectomy rate (p < 0.05). Mean GH, PB and AGD were significantly different among POP stage groups. (p < 0.05). In the correlation analysis, there was a positive correlation between POP stage parity (p = 0.0003, r = 0.059), GH (p < 0.0001, r = 0.353) and AGD (p < 0.0001, r = 0.299). The logistic regression revealed that genital hiatus distance and hysterectomy were statistically significant factors associated with POP. In ROC analysis, when the GH distance measurement is > 2.5 cm, the probability of POP status was found with sensitivity of 77.4% and specificity of 53.2% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: GH measurement can be marker for POP in a population of women being evaluated for urinary incontinence. GH measurement > 2.5 cm may associated with POP status.
The role of uterine anteversion and flexion angles in predicting pain severity during diagnostic hysteroscopy: a prospective cohort study.
Tercan C, Dagdeviren E, Yeniocak AS … +1 more , Can S
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418038 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Diagnostic hysteroscopy (DH) is a gold standard diagnostic imaging tool in gynecology. There is insufficient data in the literature regarding the reduction of pain felt during the DH and there is no study in...
OBJECTIVES: Diagnostic hysteroscopy (DH) is a gold standard diagnostic imaging tool in gynecology. There is insufficient data in the literature regarding the reduction of pain felt during the DH and there is no study in the literature that examines the relationship between the measurement of uterine version or flexion angles and the pain felt during DH procedure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of uterine version or flexion angles on pain severity during DH and to identify predictive factors for severe pain experienced during the procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective single-center cohort study included patients who were eligible for DH within medical indications. Exclusion criteria comprised menopausal status, congenital uterine anomalies, uterine fibroids larger than 2 cm detected on ultrasonography, suspected malignancy, or retroverted uterus. Before hysteroscopy, all patients underwent transperineal ultrasonography to measure uterine version and flexion angles. Patients were asked to rate their pain levels using a 0-10 numerical visual analog scale (VAS). Patients with VAS scores ≥ 6 were categorized into the severe pain group, while those with scores < 6 were classified into the moderate pain group. RESULTS: The study comprised 98 women undergoing DH. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis identified anteversion angle and nulliparity as significant predictors of severe pain during DH. The optimal cut-off value for predicting severe pain during DH was identified as 74.5°, providing a sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 69.0% [area under curve (AUC) = 0.722, p = 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that a uterine anteversion angle narrower than 74.5° is associated with severe pain during DH.
Evaluation of the sperm DNA Fragmentation Index in men from infertile couples diagnosed under the health policy program of the Minister of Health, entitled "Government Program for Comprehensive Protection of Procreative Health in Poland" in the Cracow University Hospital.
Swornik M, Mirocki G, Przybylski M … +5 more , Pruski D, Kotynia K, Millert-Kalinska S, Szmatola T, Jach R
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418037 · Publisher ↗
Sperm DNA integrity assessment provides essential information that traditional semen parameters may not detect. Studies indicate that DNA fragmentation is an independent indicator of semen quality and fertility, which ca...
Sperm DNA integrity assessment provides essential information that traditional semen parameters may not detect. Studies indicate that DNA fragmentation is an independent indicator of semen quality and fertility, which can explain cases of male infertility, especially when basic semen tests show normal results. Using sperm DNA fragmentation assessment techniques should be considered as an addition to traditional semen tests in male infertility diagnostics.
Retrospective comparation of three surgical interventions for retained products of conception (RPOC) following terminations of pregnancy in the second and third trimesters: a single center study.
Zhang HJ, Shao LJ, Zhang ZM … +3 more , Wang LN, Gao Y, Cui W
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418036 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to report our experience and explore optimal surgical interventions for treating retained products of conception (RPOC) following second and third-trimester pregnancies. MATERIAL AND METHODS:...
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to report our experience and explore optimal surgical interventions for treating retained products of conception (RPOC) following second and third-trimester pregnancies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Medical records of women who underwent either ultrasound-guided dilatation and curettage (D&C) or hysteroscopic electroresection of RPOC at the Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei province, China, between 2018 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into three groups based on surgical methods and intervention timing. Group A underwent D&C within two weeks to one month after diagnosis (n = 60), Group B had hysteroscopic electroresection within the same timeframe (n = 60), and Group C underwent hysteroscopic electroresection within 1 to 2 months after diagnosis (n = 60). Intraoperative conditions and postoperative complications were compared among three groups. RESULTS: Mean surgical times were 25.20 ± 7.70 minutes in Group A, 39.38 ± 9.25 minutes in Group B, and 24.50 ± 7.49 minutes in Group C, with significant differences between Groups A and B, as well as B and C (p = 0.0000). Intraoperative bleeding volumes were 128.62 ± 13.15 mL in Group A, 79.35 ± 11.23 mL in Group B, and 30.18 ± 9.85 mL in Group C, showing significant intergroup differences (p = 0.0000). Secondary surgeries occurred in 12 cases in Group A, one case in Group B, and none in Group C (p = 0.0023). The rate of postoperative intrauterine adhesion (IUA) was highest in Group A (p = 0.0012). Intraoperative complications occurred in one case in Group A, two cases in Group B, and none in Group C. CONCLUSIONS: Hysteroscopic electroresection for RPOC within the specified timeframes resulted in shorter operation times, reduced bleeding, lower IUA rate, and fewer secondary surgeries compared to D&C or earlier electroresection.
Novel surgical vaginal rejuvenation technique involving cosmetic reconstruction of the vaginal outlet.
Yeniocak AS, Karakaya M, Tercan C … +1 more , Dagdeviren E
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418035 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Vaginal rejuvenation surgery became increasingly popular due to evolving societal perceptions, aiming to address both aesthetic concerns and female sexual dysfunction (FSD). This prospective cohort study aime...
OBJECTIVES: Vaginal rejuvenation surgery became increasingly popular due to evolving societal perceptions, aiming to address both aesthetic concerns and female sexual dysfunction (FSD). This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate a novel approach aimed at preserving clitoral function while reconstructing the perineum in vaginal rejuvenation surgery, elucidate its procedural intricacies, evaluate short-term surgical outcomes, and assess changes in female sexual function and satisfaction postoperatively, using validated scoring systems, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women (SSS-W). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty sexually active patients undergoing elective female cosmetic genital surgery were included. Demographic data and surgical procedures were documented. Preoperative and postoperative 6th-month FSFI and SSS-W scores were collected. The Shapiro-Wilk, McNemar chi-square, and Wilcoxon tests were employed to evaluate the statistical outcomes. RESULTS: Significant improvements were observed in FSFI domains, particularly in satisfaction (p < 0.001), pain (p < 0.001), and overall sexual function (p = 0.002) postoperatively. Patients with preoperative FSD demonstrated significant improvements in the arousal (p = 0.014), satisfaction (p < 0.001), and pain (p < 0.001) domains, as well as overall sexual function (p < 0.001). Notably, desire (p = 0.006), lubrication (p = 0.010), orgasm (p = 0.035), and satisfaction (p < 0.001) domains improved significantly in patients without preoperative FSD. Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women questionnaire results corroborated these findings, showing significant enhancements in various domains of sexual satisfaction postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Vaginal rejuvenation surgery shows promise in enhancing female sexual function and satisfaction. However, it is crucial to recognize that FSD is a multifaceted disease, influenced by a range of physiological, psychological, and social factors that extend beyond the scope of a single surgical intervention.
Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women with myasthenia gravis: two decades experience from a university clinic.
Aksam S, Kocijancic Belojevic D, Dotlic J … +6 more , Jovandaric M, Babovic I, Mitrovic M, Vukovic I, Bila J, Vukajlovic S
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418034 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Myasthenia gravis (MG) can increase pregnancy complications and cause adverse pregnancy outcome, while pregnancy can deteriorate the course of MG. The study evaluated pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women...
OBJECTIVES: Myasthenia gravis (MG) can increase pregnancy complications and cause adverse pregnancy outcome, while pregnancy can deteriorate the course of MG. The study evaluated pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women with myasthenia gravis and factors that impact these outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included all 94 pregnant women with MG who were examined and delivered between 2000 and 2020 in our referral university clinic. Data on the mothers' medical history, symptoms and therapies during pregnancy along with overall condition after delivery were collected. Regarding neonates we registered gestational weeks and types of deliveries, anthropometric parameters, Apgar scores, symptoms, complications and therapies upon birth. RESULTS: Examined women were mostly primiparous with an average age of 30.81 ± 4.47 years. MG lasted for 4.3 ± 2.96 years before pregnancy and was treated with thymectomy and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Myasthenia gravis was mostly stable or improved during pregnancy, but deteriorated in 6.4% cases during and 3.2% cases after pregnancy. The predictor of maternal condition after delivery was MG symptoms severity during pregnancy. Delivery mostly occurred in term (84.3%). Cesarean sections rate was 37.2%. All investigated newborns were in good condition upon birth (average Apgar score 8.75 ± 0.57). Although 12.8% of newborns had mild symptoms of transient neonatal MG, none had any consequences. A higher MG class and an earlier week of delivery were predictors for complications of neonates upon birth. CONCLUSIONS: With close monitoring and appropriate current therapies pregnancy of MG patients can be uneventful with favorable outcomes for both mothers and neonates.
Comparison of graft materials used in the McIndoe procedure in terms of anatomical and sexual function in a tertiary care hospital and a brief overview of vaginoplasty techniques.
Beyazıt A, Soylu Karapınar O, Dolapçıoğlu KS
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40418033 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: Vaginal agenesis is one of the most common causes of primary amenorrhea. Creating a vagina that allows coitus is a necessary procedure for the psychological and social well-being of these patients. For this p...
OBJECTIVES: Vaginal agenesis is one of the most common causes of primary amenorrhea. Creating a vagina that allows coitus is a necessary procedure for the psychological and social well-being of these patients. For this purpose, McIndoe method is the most frequently used method. Various materials are used as grafts in this surgery. In this study, the aim was to compare the amnion and skin grafts that are used in the McIndoe method. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 2011 and 2021, 12 patients were operated on using the McIndoe method. Chromosomal analysis, operation times, preoperative and postoperative vaginal lengths and complications were evaluated. Sexual function of the patients was evaluated with the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. RESULTS: Skin was used in seven patients and amnion was used in five patients. Chromosomal anomaly was detected in two patients. Operation times were significantly shorter in the group with amnion grafts. Postoperative tissue infection developed in one patient. In the evaluation at the end of the first year, it was observed that vaginal stenosis developed in two patients in whom amnion was used. Vaginal lengths were longer in skin group (8.7 ± 1.1 cm vs 5.4 ± 2.5 cm). Nine patients had active sex life. Female Sexual Function Index score was 30.3 ± 5.8 in skin group n = 6 and 27.9 ± 5.5 in amnion group n = 3 which was evaluated as normal. CONCLUSIONS: The most used method for vaginoplasty is McIndoe. There is no consensus on the ideal material for grafting. Regardless of which graft is used, regular usage of the dilator is the cornerstone of this procedure.
Pelvic inflammatory disease accompanied by necrosis and pyomyoma as a complication of intrauterine insemination - a case report.
Ciebiera M, Baczkowska M, Skowyra A … +2 more , Swiderska K, Zareba K
Ginekol Pol · 2025 · PMID 40351273 · Publisher ↗
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