Prev Med [JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Long-term intensity and volume of biking, swimming, and tennis: Associations with mortality risk in US older men.
Ko A, Zhang Y, Giovannucci E
Prev Med · 2025 Sep · PMID 40617544 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To study the association of intensity and volume of individual physical activities with mortality risk among US older males. METHODS: We prospectively followed 10,218 men in Health Professionals Follow-up Stu...
OBJECTIVES: To study the association of intensity and volume of individual physical activities with mortality risk among US older males. METHODS: We prospectively followed 10,218 men in Health Professionals Follow-up Study (2012-2022) who were free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease or cancer at baseline. Intensity of biking, swimming and tennis was assessed using biennial questionnaires and categorized into two intensity groups: low intensity, medium/high intensity. Cumulative averaged physical activity volume was classified based on tertiles: low volume, medium/high volume. We examined joint associations of physical activity intensity and volume with mortality using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % CI. RESULTS: During 89,168 person-years of follow-up (mean [SD] age at baseline, 73.8 [6.9] years [range, 65-102 years]), 2303 deaths were documented. Medium/high intensity performed at medium/high volume was suggestively associated with reduced mortality risk for biking (HR: 0.83 [95 % CI: 0.73, 0.94]), swimming (HR: 0.81 [95 % CI: 0.63, 1.03]), and tennis (HR: 0.83 [95 % CI: 0.65, 1.05]), compared with non-participation in these activities, respectively. Further, specific levels of intensity and volume in biking (medium/high intensity and low volume: HR 0.89 [95 % CI: 0.76, 1.05]), swimming (low intensity and low volume: HR 0.77 [95 % CI: 0.57, 1.06]), and tennis (low intensity and medium/high volume: HR 0.49 [95 % CI: 0.23, 1.01]) were suggestively associated with reduced mortality risk compared with non-participants. CONCLUSIONS: Both physical activity intensity and volume inform on mortality risk for biking, tennis and swimming, highlighting the necessity of examining both factors in future research.
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease measures in foreign-born Latino patients by country of birth compared with U.S.-born Latinos.
Corral N, Jorge Kaufmann ND, Marino M … +5 more , Lucas JA, Bailey SR, Boston D, Giebultowicz S, Heintzman J
Prev Med · 2025 Sep · PMID 40614826 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) may differ based on the country of birth in Latinos, therefore, we aimed to examine differences in the utilization of ASCVD screening services, whic...
OBJECTIVE: The burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) may differ based on the country of birth in Latinos, therefore, we aimed to examine differences in the utilization of ASCVD screening services, which have not been studied using large healthcare datasets. METHODS: Data included electronic health record (EHR) data from a multistate network of United States (U.S.) community health centers from 2014 to 2020. The study population (N = 49,177) was foreign-born Latinos (from ten different Latin countries) and U.S.-born Latino patients aged 40-83 years seeking care at 149 U.S. community health centers across 14 states. To compare the prevalence of documented medical record data necessary for ASCVD risk calculation, we performed a cross-sectional anlaysis, using logistic regression, adjusted for demographic and health services utilization factors. RESULTS: The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) comparing foreign-born to U.S.-born Latinos was 1.17 (95 % CI = 1.01, 1.35). When stratifying by country of birth, patients from specific countries had higher odds of documented data when compared to their U.S.-born counterparts (Dominican Republic: aOR = 1.13, 95 % CI = 1.03, 1.24; El Salvador: aOR = 1.26, 95 % CI = 1.08, 1.47; Guatemala: aOR = 1.17, 95 % CI = 1.02, 1.34; Mexico: aOR = 1.19, 95 % CI = 1.01, 1.41). CONCLUSIONS: Foreign-born Latinos from El Salvador, Guatemala, the Dominican Republic, and Mexico are more likely to have documented information in their EHR necessary to assess cardiovascular risk. These findings underscore the clinical importance of data disaggregation in Latino patients as specific national birthplace may be associated with the adequacy of cardiovascular screening.
Association of 'weekend warrior' physical activity pattern and erectile dysfunction: A large cross-sectional study in Brazil.
de Victo ER, Pitta RM, de Lima Queiroga L … +5 more , Ferrari G, Farias-Valenzuela C, Ferrero-Hernández P, Kaufmann O, Wolosker N
Prev Med · 2025 Sep · PMID 40614825 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between the weekend warrior physical activity pattern and erectile dysfunction, including analyses stratified by age group and obesity. METHODS: Data from 15,655 men aged >40 screene...
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between the weekend warrior physical activity pattern and erectile dysfunction, including analyses stratified by age group and obesity. METHODS: Data from 15,655 men aged >40 screened at a Brazilian hospital (2008-2022) were analyzed. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Participants were grouped into three physical activity patterns: not meeting recommendations (defined as <150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity), weekend warrior (defined as ≥150 min/week on one or two days), and regularly active (defined as ≥150 min/week on three or more days). Erectile dysfunction was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function score (<22 indicating erectile dysfunction). Logistic regression tested the association between erectile dysfunction and physical activity patterns using unadjusted and adjusted models (adjusted for age, lifestyle and clinical conditions). RESULTS: Erectile dysfunction prevalence was 22.4 %. The weekend warrior pattern was initially associated with erectile dysfunction, but this association lost significance after adjustment. The regularly active pattern remained associated with lower erectile dysfunction likelihood in adjusted model (OR: 0.90; 95 %CI: 0.82-0.99). Among adults, this association persisted (OR: 0.90; 95 %CI: 0.82-0.99). In non-obese individuals, the regularly active pattern was also associated with lower erectile dysfunction likelihood (OR: 0.88; 95 %CI: 0.79-0.98), while in obese individuals, the association was significant only in the unadjusted model. CONCLUSION: The weekend warrior pattern did not show significance in adjusted models, while the regularly active pattern is associated with a lower likelihood of erectile dysfunction, particularly among adults and non-obese individuals.
Corrigendum to "Associations of healthy lifestyle and three latent socioeconomic status patterns with physical multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults in China" [Preventive Medicine, Volume 175, 2023 Oct; 107693].
Guo C, Liu Z, Fan H … +6 more , Wang H, Zhang X, Fan C, Li Y, Han X, Zhang T
Prev Med · 2025 Sep · PMID 40610344 · Publisher ↗
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The longitudinal relationships between the built and natural environment, air pollution, noise and dementia: results from two UK-based cohort studies.
Wu YT, Beevers S, Barratt B … +8 more , Brayne C, Cerin E, Franklin R, Houlden V, Woods B, Zied Abozied E, Prina M, Matthews F
Prev Med · 2025 Sep · PMID 40602472 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Recent epidemiological studies have investigated a variety of environmental risk factors for dementia. However, most existing studies have focused on single environmental factors and reported mixed results. Th...
OBJECTIVE: Recent epidemiological studies have investigated a variety of environmental risk factors for dementia. However, most existing studies have focused on single environmental factors and reported mixed results. The aim of this study is to examine the interrelationships between multiple environment factors and their joint associations with cognitive health in later life. METHODS: This study was based on the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study II and Wales, two population-based cohort studies of 11,055 people aged ≥65 across five urban and rural areas in the UK. Using geospatial data, a wide range of environmental variables were generated for the participants and integrated into five domains through a latent approach, including the built environment, natural environment, noise, air pollution and deprivation. Multistate modelling was used to investigate their longitudinal associations with dementia and death adjusting for individual sociodemographic factors. RESULTS: The effect sizes of joint associations between the built environment (HR: 1.00; 95 %CI: 0.66, 1.52), natural environment (HR: 0.95; 95 %CI: 0.66, 1.36), air pollution (HR: 0.91; 95 %CI: 0.78, 1.07), deprivation (HR: 1.02; 95 %CI: 0.96, 1.09) and incident dementia were generally small. The strongest association was found in noise, where a high level of exposure was associated with an increased risk of incident dementia (HR: 1.22; 95 %CI: 0.97, 1.54). However, the confidence intervals were wide. CONCLUSIONS: The joint associations between multiple environmental factors and incident dementia were found to be modest. Given mixed results in this field, future research should address methodological challenges and enhance evidence for population-level interventions on dementia risk factors.
Changes in smokers' responses to novel efficacy messages inside cigarette packages following Canada's 2024 labeling policy update: A pre-post longitudinal study.
Sun Y, Vidana-Perez D, Niederdeppe J … +6 more , Kim M, Yang CH, Hackworth E, Hammond D, Thrasher JF, Insert Project Team
Prev Med · 2025 Sep · PMID 40582419 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the impact of Canada's innovative inside-pack efficacy messages about cessation benefits and tips to quit, whose content was updated in 2024. METHODS: We analyzed data from an open cohort of Canadian...
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the impact of Canada's innovative inside-pack efficacy messages about cessation benefits and tips to quit, whose content was updated in 2024. METHODS: We analyzed data from an open cohort of Canadian adults who smoke, surveyed every three months from February 2023 to November 2024 (n = 12,022 observations, 4716 individuals). At each survey, participants reported the frequency of reading health messages inside packs in the past 30 days (Never/Rarely = reference vs Sometimes/Often/Very often); perceived cessation benefits from inside-pack messages (Not at all-Extremely); forgoing cigarettes due to inside-pack messages in the prior 30 days (No = reference vs Yes); and confidence/self-efficacy to quit smoking (Not at all-Extremely). Linear and logistic generalized estimating equation models regressed these outcomes on implementation period (pre- vs post-implementation surveys). Analyzing participants followed to the subsequent survey (n = 6959 observations, 2356 individuals), mixed-effects logistic models regressed quit attempts in the three-month interval since the prior survey on message responses from the prior survey. All models adjusted for sociodemographics, smoking-related variables, and post-stratification weights. RESULTS: Self-reported reading inside-pack messages (OR = 1.18; 95 %CI = 1.04, 1.34), perceived cessation benefits (β = 0.07; 95 %CI = 0.01, 0.12), forgoing cigarettes (OR = 1.14; 95 %CI = 1.01, 1.28), and self-efficacy (β = 0.08; 95 %CI = 0.04, 0.13) all increased from pre-to post-implementation. Participants who reported reading messages more frequently (OR = 1.54; 95 %CI = 1.09-2.00), perceived greater cessation benefits (OR = 1.31; 95 %CI = 1.22, 1.42), forwent cigarettes (OR = 1.88; 95 %CI = 1.48, 2.37) and had greater self-efficacy (OR = 1.32; 95 %CI = 1.19, 1.47) were more likely to quit at followup. CONCLUSIONS: After Canada implemented new efficacy messages inside packs, message engagement and predictors of cessation behaviors increased. Other countries may consider similar policies.
A content analysis of cannabis edible product characteristics, packaging features, and online promotions.
Han B, Shi Y
Prev Med · 2025 Sep · PMID 40570938 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: As legal cannabis markets expand in the United States, edibles have become increasingly popular, particularly among youth. This study aimed to assess cannabis edible product characteristics, packaging features...
OBJECTIVE: As legal cannabis markets expand in the United States, edibles have become increasingly popular, particularly among youth. This study aimed to assess cannabis edible product characteristics, packaging features, and online promotions that may be appealing or misleading to consumers. METHODS: During November 2023 and August 2024, we identified active online cannabis dispensaries in the United States from the National Cannabis Industry Association's member directory and conducted a content analysis of 2282 cannabis edible products to assess front-of-package information on product characteristics, child-oriented features, health and non-health claims, warnings, as well as online promotional strategies. RESULTS: Over half of the products were gummies, and more than 80 % contained at least 100 mg of total tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Few packages included individual packaging or serving size information. Child-appealing elements were prevalent: over 20 % of products displayed animated or human-like characters, nearly all products were flavored with fruit flavor being the most common, and more than half featured packaging with four or more colors. Non-health claims appeared on 27.7 % of products, cannabis-infused labels on 48.1 %, and underage use warnings on 16.4 %. Product-specific promotions were present for 77.0 % of products, and nearly all had storewide promotions. CONCLUSIONS: Cannabis companies frequently utilized marketing strategies that may make edibles appealing or misleading to consumers, particularly youth. Further research understanding how these marketing strategies influence consumer perceptions and appeal is needed to inform regulations on cannabis packaging and promotion.
Social determinants of health and COVID-19 vaccination: An individual participant data meta-analysis of adult Latino participants.
De Anda S, Budd EL, Chaovalit P … +3 more , Vu AH, Leve LD, DeGarmo DS
Prev Med · 2025 Sep · PMID 40570937 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Although disparities in vaccination have been well documented, limited research has examined how specific Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) are associated with COVID-19 vaccination outcomes among Latino sub...
OBJECTIVE: Although disparities in vaccination have been well documented, limited research has examined how specific Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) are associated with COVID-19 vaccination outcomes among Latino subgroups. The aims of the study are to investigate 1) the relative effects of distinct SDOH on reasons for and against vaccination among Latino adults and 2) how these effects may vary by language spoken at home. METHODS: A meta-analysis was conducted utilizing person- and study-level data from 13,406 Latino participants in the United States across 12 study samples from 2020 to 2023. Analyses evaluated SDOH effects on (a) reasons for and (b) against vaccination, as well as (c) the ratio of the two. Three SDOH were entered in a single model to compare their relative effect sizes: education, economic insecurity, and healthcare insecurity. RESULTS: Education and economic insecurity had the largest effect sizes compared to healthcare insecurity, which was not associated with outcomes. Greater economic insecurity was associated with more reasons against relative to reasons for vaccination. Spanish spoken at home moderated the effect of education levels, increasing both reasons for and against vaccination for highly educated participants, relative to non-Spanish speaking participants. CONCLUSIONS: Findings inform future efforts aimed at reducing health disparities. The overall pattern of results suggests tailored interventions aimed at supporting COVID-19 vaccine attitudes in Latino communities should provide supports early and in accessible formats, particularly for communities with low educational levels and who use Spanish at home.
Firearm violence victimization among youth and young adults: A socio-ecological analysis of risk and protective factors.
Taylor BG, Lancaster C, Mumford EA … +4 more , Sheridan-Johnson J, Carter CC, Mitchell KJ, Liu W
Prev Med · 2025 Aug · PMID 40555286 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To examine individual, interpersonal, community/societal, and policy-level risk and protective factors associated with firearm violence victimization (FVV) among persons 10-34 years old, and to assess age grou...
OBJECTIVE: To examine individual, interpersonal, community/societal, and policy-level risk and protective factors associated with firearm violence victimization (FVV) among persons 10-34 years old, and to assess age group differences in these associations. METHODS: Participants (n = 5311) were drawn from the AmeriSpeak panel (September 2023-January 2024), a nationally representative United States sample. Data sources included online surveys, the U.S. Census, FBI crime reports, and a state firearm law database. Structural equation modeling assessed multi-level influences on FVV, incorporating firearm access, carrying, and attitudes (FACSA), prior victimization, and other social, policy, and demographic factors. Interaction terms were used to assess age differences (10-17 years old versus 18-34 years old). RESULTS: In the fully specified model, only two variables-FACSA and Juvenile Victimization, Perpetration, and Trauma History (JVPTH) -remained statistically significant predictors of FVV. Permissive firearm laws indirectly elevated FVV risk by increasing firearm exposure. Age-stratified interactions showed no statistically significant differences in predictors between youth and young adults. This suggests that FACSA and JVPTH risk factors operate similarly across developmental stages. CONCLUSIONS: Firearm-related behaviors and early-life trauma are central drivers of FVV. These two factors accounted for the greatest risk when controlling for other influences. POLICY IMPLICATIONS: Prevention strategies should integrate early-life trauma intervention, firearm behavior education, and structural reforms to prevent FVV. Also, violence interruption strategies targeted toward young persons with histories of victimization could help prevent FVV. Addressing upstream firearm access and trauma exposure is critical to reducing FVV risk across developmental stages.
Examining the relationship between mental health and e-cigarette initiation among sexual and gender minority youth and young adults in the United States compared to their cisgender, heterosexual peers, 2021-2023.
Kierstead EC, Kucherlapaty P, Liu MS … +3 more , Do EK, Brazinsky C, Hair EC
Prev Med · 2025 Sep · PMID 40555285 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To understand the relationship between mental health, e-cigarette use and sexual and gender minority (SGM) identity given that minority stress worsens mental health and poor mental health increases the risk of...
OBJECTIVE: To understand the relationship between mental health, e-cigarette use and sexual and gender minority (SGM) identity given that minority stress worsens mental health and poor mental health increases the risk of e-cigarette use among SGM people. METHODS: Data were obtained from a United States probability-based longitudinal cohort study of 15-21 year olds, recruited in Fall 2021 and followed through Fall 2023. The analytic sample included participants who had not used e-cigarettes prior to Fall 2021 (N = 1908). Participants who identified as lesbian or gay, bisexual or another identity; or whose sex assigned at birth differed from their gender identity, were considered SGM. Mental health was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress (DASS-21) scale. Weighted bivariate analyses examined mental health, e-cigarette initiation, and demographics by SGM identity. Weighted logistic regression models stratified by SGM identity examined the relationship between mental health and e-cigarette initiation, controlling for covariates. RESULTS: Approximately 21.6 % of the sample identified as SGM and 10.8 % initiated e-cigarette use by 2023. Significantly more SGM participants reported severe or extremely severe mental health symptoms (45.5 % vs. 22.4 %, p < 0.001). Poor mental health significantly predicted e-cigarette initiation among SGM participants (aOR: 2.50, 95 % CI: 1.10, 5.69), but not among non-SGM participants (aOR:1.65, 95 % CI: 0.97, 2.82). CONCLUSIONS: Results inform prevention and cessation messaging for SGM youth. Tailored mental health resources could reduce the burden of nicotine addiction on this community.
Evaluating Canada's innovative policy for health warnings on cigarette sticks: A pre/post assessment among adults who smoke.
Thrasher JF, Petillo S, Sun Y … +6 more , Xiong L, Hackworth EE, Ferguson SG, Hammond D, Moodie C, Insert Project Team
Prev Med · 2025 Sep · PMID 40553743 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate Canada's innovative policy mandating warning messages on cigarette sticks. METHODS: We analyzed data from an open cohort of Canadian adults who smoke, surveyed every 3 months (February 2023-November 2...
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate Canada's innovative policy mandating warning messages on cigarette sticks. METHODS: We analyzed data from an open cohort of Canadian adults who smoke, surveyed every 3 months (February 2023-November 2024; n = 11,487 observations from 4716 individuals). Participants reported: liking the look of their cigarette sticks (1-Dislike a lot to 7-Like a lot); feelings when looking at sticks (1-Very bad to 7-Very good); frequency of thinking about smoking-related harms due to sticks (1-Not at all to 5-Extremely); and forgoing cigarettes they normally smoke due to the look of sticks (no vs. yes). Linear and logistic generalized estimating equations regressed these outcomes on implementation period (i.e., pre-policy 2023 surveys [ref.] vs post-policy 2024 surveys), adjusting for covariates and post-stratification weights. Analyzing participants followed to the next survey (n = 6959 observations, 2356 individuals), separate adjusted mixed-effects logistic models regressed quit attempts in the 3-month interval since the prior survey on each stick measure from the prior survey (coded: neutral [ref.], dislike, like; neutral [ref.], bad, good; no forgoing [ref.], forwent cigarettes). RESULTS: From pre- to post-policy periods, liking and feelings about sticks became more negative (B = -0.15, 95 %CI = -0.22, -0.08; B = -0.07, 95 %CI = -0.13, -0.01) and forgoing cigarettes increased (AOR = 1.18, 95 %CI = 1.06, 1.32). Those who felt bad (vs. neutral) when looking at sticks were more likely to try to quit by the next survey (AOR = 1.31, 95 %CI = 1.05, 1.62), as were those who forwent cigarettes (AOR = 1.73, 95 %CI = 1.40, 2.15). CONCLUSIONS: Countries should consider expanding cigarette labeling to include on-cigarette warnings, which appear to have increased outcomes that predict quit attempts in Canada.
Corrigendum to "Support staff distribution in K-12 US schools that experience shootings: A matched analysis" [Preventive Medicine, Volume 196, 2025 Jul;108296].
Hullenaar KL, Rivara F, Bruns EJ
Prev Med · 2025 Aug · PMID 40545381 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Bidirectional association between locomotive syndrome and metabolic syndrome: A 6-year longitudinal study in Japanese workers.
Yoshimoto T, Shinozaki T, Matsudaira K
Prev Med · 2025 Sep · PMID 40545046 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Locomotive syndrome (LS), characterized by reduced mobility due to musculoskeletal problems, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are significant public health concerns with considerable societal impact. This study a...
OBJECTIVE: Locomotive syndrome (LS), characterized by reduced mobility due to musculoskeletal problems, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are significant public health concerns with considerable societal impact. This study aimed to investigate the bidirectional association between LS and MetS in a cohort of Japanese manufacturing workers using a 6-year longitudinal dataset. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used annual health checkup data from actively employed adults (aged ≥40) from 2016 to 2022. LS was assessed using the LS Risk Test, including the Two-Step Test, modified Stand-Up Test, and Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidence of MetS and LS according to baseline status. Covariates included age, sex, and lifestyle-related behaviors. Sensitivity analyses excluding the COVID-19 pandemic period and subgroup analyses were also conducted. RESULTS: Among the 4301 participants without MetS at baseline, 20.4 % developed MetS during the follow-up period. LS was associated with an increased risk of MetS (adjusted HR: 1.34, 95 % CI: 1.16, 1.55). In contrast, among the 3359 participants without LS at baseline, 38.5 % developed LS; however, MetS was not associated with the incidence of LS (adjusted HR: 1.07, 95 % CI: 0.88, 1.31). Additional analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings. CONCLUSIONS: LS was a significant risk factor for MetS, but MetS did not contribute to LS progression. These findings highlight the importance of mobility preservation in MetS prevention and suggest the need for workplace interventions that target musculoskeletal health among aging workers.
Determining the optimal cervical cancer screening exit strategy in the Netherlands.
Schevenhoven VJC, Jansen EEL, de Kok IMCM
Prev Med · 2025 Aug · PMID 40527367 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: In the Netherlands, women are currently invited for human papillomavirus (HPV) screening until age 60 (or age 65 for HPV-positive women). New data from HPV screening implementation in the Netherlands improved...
OBJECTIVE: In the Netherlands, women are currently invited for human papillomavirus (HPV) screening until age 60 (or age 65 for HPV-positive women). New data from HPV screening implementation in the Netherlands improved understanding of its longer-term protective effects and risk differences between population subgroups. With this, our aim was to optimize screening exit strategies. METHODS: The microsimulation model MISCAN-Cervix was used to simulate a population of unvaccinated women born between 1962 and 1992 over their lifetime. We simulated 20 different exit strategies, varying by screening end ages and screening interval dependent on previous HPV status, with two triage methods (cytology triage or direct colposcopy referral for HPV16/18+ women aged ≥60). Main outcome measures were total and unnecessary colposcopy referrals (i.e. ≤ cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia stage 1), cancer cases and deaths prevented, and (quality-adjusted) life years gained ((QA)LYG). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated for scenarios on the cost-effectiveness frontier. RESULTS: Screening of HPV-positive women at age 65 and age 70, with direct colposcopy referral of HPV16/18+ women aged ≥60 was the optimal exit strategy considering a threshold of €50,000 per LYG (ICER: €20,190/LYG, €46,985/QALY). This resulted in 18 additional cancer deaths prevented and 158 additional unnecessary referrals per 100,000 simulated women compared to the current strategy. Direct colposcopy referral of HPV16/18+ women aged ≥60 improved cost-effectiveness in all scenarios. CONCLUSIONS: In the Dutch HPV screening program, adding screening moments for older HPV-positive women and/or incorporating direct referrals for HPV16/18+ women is cost-effective and could increase the efficiency and effectiveness of screening.
Physical activity among adolescents from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds: Findings from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children.
Dennaoui N, Kolt GS, George ES … +1 more , Guagliano JM
Prev Med · 2025 Aug · PMID 40484251 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study examined longitudinal changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) and non-CALD adolescents. METHODS: Data were drawn from the Longitudinal St...
OBJECTIVE: This study examined longitudinal changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) and non-CALD adolescents. METHODS: Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, conducted in Australia between 2010 and 2018, focusing on participants aged 10-15 years. CALD status was determined based on parental birthplace and main language spoken at home. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were assessed using time use diaries, with generalised estimating equation models used to analyse longitudinal changes. RESULTS: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity declined significantly over time among CALD adolescents compared to their non-CALD counterparts (CALD girls: coefficient = -17.54, 95 % CI: -23.97 to -11.11; CALD boys: coefficient = -18.23, 95 % CI: -25.30 to -11.17). At each time point, CALD girls exhibited the lowest minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels among all other age groups, with mean values of 73.41 (95 % CI: 67.11-79.71) at 10-11 years, 52.91 (95 % CI: 47.20-58.61) at 12-13 years, and 37.26 (95 % CI: 32.05-42.46) at 14-15 years. CONCLUSION: The consistently lower levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among CALD adolescents, especially girls, highlight the need for culturally tailored interventions to address cultural and language barriers, to promote greater physical activity participation among this population.
The association of childhood experiences of abuse on timely cervical cancer screening utilization among women in the United States.
Prather KA, Chowdhury SK, Puri H … +3 more , Zacharias E, Newsome M, Kirby RS
Prev Med · 2025 Aug · PMID 40480478 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern, particularly among vulnerable populations. This study examines the association between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and timely Pap test util...
OBJECTIVE: Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern, particularly among vulnerable populations. This study examines the association between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and timely Pap test utilization for cervical cancer screening among women aged 21-65 years, with a focus on the association of abuse. METHODS: This study utilized the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) that included 41,111 women aged 21-65 years from 29 states. Using descriptive analysis and multivariable logistic regression, we conducted exploratory analyses to assess the association between experiences of abuse and timely Pap test utilization and to examine if household challenges moderate this association. RESULTS: Women who did not experience abuse had higher odds of receiving a timely Pap test compared to those with a history of abuse (aOR = 1.29, 95 % CI: 1.08-1.54). While household challenges were not significantly associated with timely screenings (aOR = 0.84, 95 % CI: 0.71-1.01), women without household challenges and abuse had significantly higher odds of receiving timely Pap tests (aOR = 1.66, 95 % CI: 1.27-2.17). Non-Hispanic Black women, married women, women with higher education, women who were employed, and women who had health insurance showed higher odds of timely Pap test utilization. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the association between ACEs and preventive health behaviors. These findings emphasize the need for trauma-informed care interventions to address these disparities. Policy recommendations include expanding and enhancing access to cervical cancer screening for women with ACEs.
Ongoing incentives' 36-month effect on physical activity in a Japanese insurance-based health-promotion program.
Kanai M, Onozato N, Fujisawa Y … +6 more , Hamatani T, Tateyama K, Miki T, Toda T, Sugawara T, Hagiwara Y
Prev Med · 2025 Aug · PMID 40480477 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Although incentive-based interventions have shown promise in promoting physical activity, evidence on their long-term effectiveness remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate ongoing, structured incentives'...
OBJECTIVE: Although incentive-based interventions have shown promise in promoting physical activity, evidence on their long-term effectiveness remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate ongoing, structured incentives' long-term effects on physical activity in a large, real-world population. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used a pre-post observational design using data from the SUMITOMO LIFE Vitality program in Japan. Participants enrolled from January to June 2021 with three years of uninterrupted participation. Participants earning weekly incentives for step goals received tangible rewards, such as beverages or food, reinforcing engagement. Additionally, accumulated points contributed to improving their insurance status, which resulted in greater reductions in insurance premiums and access to a broader range of benefits. The primary outcome was an upward trend in average daily step counts that were continuously tracked over 36-months with wearable devices and smartphone applications. RESULTS: Included in the final analysis were 86,175 participants (mean [standard deviation] age, 43.4 [12.1] years; 57.7 % men). Model-adjusted average daily step counts increased from 7239.7 (95 % CI, 7213.4 to 7266.0) steps/day at Month 1 to 9054.9 (95 % CI, 9023.7 to 9086.2) at Month 12, 9350.1 (95 % CI, 9318.4 to 9381.8) at Month 24, and 9392.7 (95 % CI, 9361.1 to 9424.3) at Month 36. These increases were statistically significant (P < 0.001), and sensitivity analyses confirmed consistent results. CONCLUSIONS: Ongoing, structured incentives were associated with sustained increases in physical activity over 36 months, providing evidence for incentive-based interventions' long-term effectiveness in real-world settings.
Life satisfaction, loneliness, and routine health check-ups: Evidence from the UK Household Longitudinal Study.
González FAI, Ramos G
Prev Med · 2025 Aug · PMID 40456321 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: While sociodemographic factors affect health check-ups, less is known about the role of psychosocial factors. Based on a nationally representative longitudinal survey in the United Kingdom (UK), this study exp...
OBJECTIVE: While sociodemographic factors affect health check-ups, less is known about the role of psychosocial factors. Based on a nationally representative longitudinal survey in the United Kingdom (UK), this study explores the association of satisfaction with multiple dimensions and loneliness with health check-ups. METHODS: We use microdata from the UK Household Longitudinal Study, representative of the UK adult population (2017-2022). A multiple linear regression model with interactions and fixed effects was used to analyze the relationship between both objective (having close friends) and subjective (feeling lonely) measures of loneliness and satisfaction in multiple dimensions (work, health, income, leisure time, and life) and five types of health check-ups: ophthalmology, blood pressure, cholesterol, X-rays, and blood tests. In addition, we analyzed the association between satisfaction and the probability of trust and openness toward friends as a mechanism to explain the relationship. RESULTS: Having more friends, feeling loneliness more often, and being satisfied with income were associated with greater use of different health check-ups. On the contrary, being satisfied with one's health was negatively associated health check-ups. Higher satisfaction levels were associated with greater trust and openness with friends, suggesting a potential explanatory mechanism. CONCLUSION: Our study underscores the need for a comprehensive approach to understanding psychosocial factors in healthcare utilization. When designing future research and policy, it is crucial to consider objective and subjective indicators of individuals' psychosocial well-being and satisfaction across multiple dimensions.
Tobacco marketing exposure and lifetime and current nicotine pouch use among US youth, 2022.
Feizy S, Mattingly DT, Ickes M … +5 more , Rayens MK, Christian WJ, Abadi M, Himelhoch S, Rose SW
Prev Med · 2025 Aug · PMID 40451438 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: The rising popularity of nicotine pouches among youth necessitates an understanding how marketing exposure influences their use, to inform regulation. This study examines the associations of tobacco marketing...
OBJECTIVE: The rising popularity of nicotine pouches among youth necessitates an understanding how marketing exposure influences their use, to inform regulation. This study examines the associations of tobacco marketing exposures with nicotine pouch use among adolescent students in the United States. METHODS: We analyzed data from 26,860 middle and high-school students in the United States who participated in the 2022 National Youth Tobacco Survey. The survey was administered during January-May 2022. Weighted logistic regressions with and without covariates (i.e., sociodemographic characteristics, other tobacco product use, and social media use) were used to evaluate the relationships between exposure to a variety of tobacco product advertisement modes (television/streaming/movies; Internet; newspapers/magazines; and convenience store/supermarket/gas station/kiosk/shopping center) and lifetime and current use of nicotine pouch products. RESULTS: Nicotine pouches were used by 1 % of middle and high school youth ever in their lifetime in the United States. Most current use was of flavored products and 16 % of youth who used nicotine pouches purchased the product themselves. Controlling for other factors, exposure to tobacco advertising in newspapers/magazines was associated with higher likelihood of lifetime (aOR = 1.74, CI = 1.06-2.84) and current (aOR = 4.37, CI = 2.23-8.53) nicotine pouch use. Additionally, odds of lifetime and current use were highest among youth who also used smokeless tobacco, followed by e-cigarettes, and cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that tobacco marketing exposure is associated with youth nicotine pouch use. In addition, nicotine pouches appeal especially to youth who use smokeless tobacco, e-cigarettes, and cigarettes suggesting the potential for dual/poly use.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among European older adults: the role of living alone, social isolation and loneliness.
Taeldeman V, Paredis M, Braekman E … +3 more , Verhaegen KA, Bracke P, Delaruelle K
Prev Med · 2025 Aug · PMID 40447114 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Given the significant public health challenge posed by vaccine hesitancy during the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers have increasingly focused on understanding its underlying determinants. While previous researc...
OBJECTIVE: Given the significant public health challenge posed by vaccine hesitancy during the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers have increasingly focused on understanding its underlying determinants. While previous research has paid attention to predisposing, enabling, and need factors the role of psychosocial factors remains less understood. This study examines COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among older adults in Europe, specifically in relation to living alone, social isolation, and loneliness as distinct factors. Additionally, it considers potential cross-country variations in these effects, in relation to differences in policy stringency. METHODS: Using data from the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and SHARE Corona Surveys (2020-2021), this study analyses a sample of 36,890 adults aged 50 and above across 28 European countries and Israel. Two-level binomial logistic regression was employed. RESULTS: Household composition, social isolation and loneliness among older adults related to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. More specifically: older adults who (i) lived alone, (ii) were more socially isolated, and (iii) were more lonely, tended to be more hesitant to get vaccinated against COVID-19. These effects did not differ by policy stringency. CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the relevance of the absence of a partner, social isolation, and loneliness when addressing vaccine hesitancy in older adults. When implementing effective vaccination policies compassionate measures with sufficient attention for psychosocial factors are a necessity. Addressing the psychosocial roots of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is not just key to managing current COVID-19 risks, but a blueprint for a more resilient and inclusive approach to future health crises.
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