Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DELAY IN TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT AT 10 TERTIARY LEVEL CARE HOSPITALS IN THAILAND.
Rattananupong T, Hiransuthikul N, Lohsoonthorn V … +1 more , Chuchottaworn C
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867389
Tuberculosis (TB) is common in Thailand. Delay in initiating tuberculosis treatment is a major public health problem. Delay in treatment can result in more severe diseases, risk for death, and greater risk of tuberculosi...
Tuberculosis (TB) is common in Thailand. Delay in initiating tuberculosis treatment is a major public health problem. Delay in treatment can result in more severe diseases, risk for death, and greater risk of tuberculosis transmission in the community. We attempted to determine the duration from onset of TB symptoms to the date of first consultation (patient delay) and the factors associated with that delay at 10 tertiary level care hospitals in Thailand. All participants aged 18 years who were willing to participate were included in the study, which was conducted from January to December 2012. A structured questionnaire and medical records were used to collect data. One hundred ninety-nine TB patients were included in the study. The mean age of subjects was 48 years (SD = 15.9); 69.8% were male. The median duration from onset of symptoms to first medical consultation was 30 days. On multivariate analysis, living in an urban area (adjusted odds ratio = 2.81; 95% CI: 1.29-6.14) was an independent risk factor for the delay. Delay in seeking help is a common problem among TB patients in Thailand. At risk populations need to be educated on the importance of presenting for early medical consultation if they have symptoms of TB.
CHARACTERISTICS AND FACTORS INFLUENCING UNPROTECTED ANAL INTERCOURSE AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN FUYANG, CHINA.
Hu J, Zhang MY, Ma JJ … +4 more , Liu MX, Chen BF, Ding XP, Wen YF
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867388
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at risk for contracting hu- man immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The objective of this study was to explore the characteristics and factors influencing unprotected anal intercou...
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at risk for contracting hu- man immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The objective of this study was to explore the characteristics and factors influencing unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) among MSM in Fuyang, China in order to develop an intervention program to prevent the spread of HIV infection among MSM. We conducted this cross sectional study among 413 MSM in 2013. Participants completed an interviewer- administered questionnaire and were tested for HIV and syphilis infections. Three hundred fifty of 413 subjects reported sexual activity with a male partner during the previous 6 months; of these 27(7.7%) had unprotected sex. Forty-four subjects had sex with a female partner during the previous 6 months; of these 25 (58.1%) had unprotected sex. The frequency of having unprotected sex with a female was significantly greater than with a male (χ2 = 84.52, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis showed education level (OR = 0.45, p = 0.003), length of time of current residence (OR = 0.47, p = 0.014), knowledge about HIV infection (OR = 0.09, p = 0.022) and integrated interventions (OR = 0.32, p < 0.001) were all significantly associated with UAI. High-risk sex behavior was common among the study population. A targeted interventions needs to be developed urgently.
PUBLIC AWARENESS OF HIV/AIDS: HOW MEDIA PLAY A ROLE?
Sern TJ, Zanuddin H
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867387
Abstract. This paper examines the effectiveness of media in public awareness of the HIV/AIDS issue among the public in an area in central Selangor, comprising Kuala Lumpur and its surroundings and suburbs in Malaysia. Cr...
Abstract. This paper examines the effectiveness of media in public awareness of the HIV/AIDS issue among the public in an area in central Selangor, comprising Kuala Lumpur and its surroundings and suburbs in Malaysia. Cross-sectional survey questionnaires were distributed to 384 respondents about accessing the public awareness of modes of HIV transmission, perceptions and attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS, as well as people's understanding about government policies to curb HIV/AIDS. Health care practitioners and newspapers were the preferred sources of information seeking on HIV/AIDS among the public. Most of the respondents were aware of the modes of HIV transmission. However, they were some respondents who still have misconceptions about the modes of transmission. Most of the respondents were not aware about the government's significant policies to address HIV/AIDS in the region. Overall, the respondents had certain knowledge about HIV transmission modes and moderate positive perceptions and attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS. Future studies should be conducted to examine about who sets the agenda in the media, and apart from gatekeepers, who are the real decision makers in deciding what is important to inform the public.
ESTABLISHING MEAN CD4+ T CELL VALUES AMONG HEALTHY JAVANESE ADULTS IN INDONESIA.
Prasetyo AA, Zaini KU
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867386
The objective of this study was to establish mean CD4+ T cell values among healthy Javanese adults in Indonesia. Two hundred forty-one healthy adults (119 women and 122 men), aged 18-65 years, were enrolled in the study....
The objective of this study was to establish mean CD4+ T cell values among healthy Javanese adults in Indonesia. Two hundred forty-one healthy adults (119 women and 122 men), aged 18-65 years, were enrolled in the study. CD4+ T cells were analyzed by immunophenotyping. The mean absolute CD4+ T cell count was 753.3 ± 270.3 cells/µl (median = 725.0 cells/µl) and the mean CD4+ T cell percentage was 32.6 ± 7.7%, (median = 31.0%). Women had a slightly higher mean absolute CD4+ T cell count and CD4+ T cell percentage (779.1 ± 271.0 cells/ µl; 33.4 ± 8.2%) than men (728.2 ± 268.3 cells/µl; 31.8 ± 7.1%), but the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.126, p = 0.216, respectively). The mean absolute CD4+ T cell varied significantly by age group (p = 0.002). Sixty-one point seven percent of men studied (37/60) had a CD4+ T cell count less than 500 cells/µl (OR 1.8; 95% CI = 1.001-3.300). Absolute CD4+ T cell counts among Javanese Indonesians varied significantly by age.
BIOPSY-PROVEN BK VIRUS NEPHROPATHY WITHOUT DETECTABLE BK VIREMIA IN A ONE-YEAR POST-KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT.
Ruangkanchanasetr P, Pumchandh N, Satirapoj B … +2 more , Termmathurapoj S, Pongthanapisith V
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867385
BK virus nephropathy (BKVN) is an important clinical problem in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. The sequence of disease is usually viruria, viremia and then nephropathy. Diagnosis of BK virus (BKV) infection includes...
BK virus nephropathy (BKVN) is an important clinical problem in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. The sequence of disease is usually viruria, viremia and then nephropathy. Diagnosis of BK virus (BKV) infection includes checking BKV DNA in the urine, in the plasma and histology on renal biopsy. This last method is used to diagnose BKVN. We describe a KT patient with BKVN without detectable BK viremia. A 62-year-old female with hypertensive nephropathy underwent renal transplant from a living relative donor in December 2011. Fourteen months after transplantation, her serum creatinine(SCr) rose up from 1.2 to 1.6 mg/dl with biopsy-proven acute antibody-mediated and cellular rejection. After pulse methylprednisolone, plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin, her SCr decreased to baseline but she subsequently developed cytomegalovirus infection with pancytopenia and transaminitis. The SCr rose to 1.9 mg/dl despite ganciclovir treatment. Renal ultrasound and antegrade pyelogram showed partial obstruction of the proximal ureter with moderate hydronephrosis. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for BKV DNA was negative (less than 10 copies/ml). A renal biopsy was performed and the pathology revealed viral cytopathic changes in the tubular epithelium with interstitial inflammation. The renal biopsy also showed BKV nucleic acid sequences by in-situ hybridization confirming BKVN. Immunosuppression regimen was changed to cyclosporine, low-dose prednisolone and leflunomide. A temporary percutaneous nephrostomy was performed. Her renal function improved within one week. The diagnosis of BKVN should be considered in a KT recipient with a rising SCr with or without BK viremia and should be made by renal biopsy.
CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF SEVERE COMMUNITY ACQUIRED VIRAL PNEUMONIA AMONG CHILDREN IN EASTERN THAILAND.
Pratheepamornkull T, Ratanakorn W, Samransamruajkit R … +1 more , Poovorawan Y
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867384
Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among infants and young children. The most common causes of pneumonia in children are respiratory viruses. In Thailand, the epidemiology of the viruses causing comm...
Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among infants and young children. The most common causes of pneumonia in children are respiratory viruses. In Thailand, the epidemiology of the viruses causing community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among children is poorly defined. In this cross sectional study we used nasopharyngeal samples collected from hospitalized children diagnosed with severe CAP in accordance with WHO criteria between June 2013 and May 2014 to determine the causes of infection. The samples were analyzed for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV) types 1,2 and 3, adenovirus, rhinovirus, influenza viruses types A and B and coronavirus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Of 102 cases of severe CAP, samples were obtained in 91 cases and 48 (52.7%) were positive for respiratory viruses. The most common viruses were RSV (n = 22; 45.8%), rhinovirus (n = 11; 22.9%) and adenovirus (n = 9; 18.7%). Patients were aged 1 month to 4 years 5 months, with a median age of 1 year 1 month. Thirty-seven (77.1%) were male. Asthma was the most common co-morbidity affecting 5 (10.4%) of the 48 cases with an identified virus. The peak prevalence occurred during October (n = 17). All patients required oxygen therapy and 17 (35.4%) required mechanical ventilation. The median length of hospitalization was 11 days. Preterm infants had a significantly higher rate of RSV infection than other respiratory viruses (8 of 21; 38% vs 3 of 27; 11.1%) (p = 0.02). Viruses were most commonly associated with severe CAP among children aged less than 1 year. The peak prevalence occurred during the rainy season. Our findings suggest that young and preterm infants with CAP should be monitored closely due to their high risk for developing serious complications.
MOLECULAR CONFIRMATION OF ENTEROVIRUS FROM SEWAGE AND DRINKING WATER SAMPLES FROM THREE CITIES, PAKISTAN: A POTENTIAL RISK FACTOR FOR PUBLIC HEALTH.
Ahmad T, Anjum S, Afzal MS … +3 more , Raza H, Zaidi NU, Arshad N
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867383
Gastroenteritis causes from 4 to 10 million children deaths every year worldwide, mainly from infection with water-borne Enteroviruses, which consist of 67 diverse serogroups. Forty-two sewage and drinking water samples...
Gastroenteritis causes from 4 to 10 million children deaths every year worldwide, mainly from infection with water-borne Enteroviruses, which consist of 67 diverse serogroups. Forty-two sewage and drinking water samples from three metropolitan cities of Pakistan were analyzed for the occurrence of Enterovirus by nested RT-PCR amplification. Molecular detection was based on amplification of a part of 5'UTR region of the viruses. Our results revealed an alarming situ- ation in densely populated areas of the three main cities of Pakistan: 28%, 19% and 21% of drinking water samples were positive for enteroviruses in Islamabad, Rawalpindi and Lahore, respectively. Sequence analysis and phylogenetic study of the amplified region of the virus revealed its close relationship with Coxsackie A strains reported from Greece, Singapore and USA.
DETECTION BY DUPLEX RT-COUPLED NESTED PCR OF HEPATITIS A AND ROTAVIRUS IN OYSTERS FROM THAILAND EAST COAST.
Intamaso U, Boonbanjong P, Wisunthorn S … +3 more , Ong-in N, Keawpo B, Poomipak W
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867382
Abstract. An efficient and rapid virus detection method is required for routine monitoring and risk assessment in food products. A duplex RT-coupled nested PCR method was developed to detect the simultaneous presence of...
Abstract. An efficient and rapid virus detection method is required for routine monitoring and risk assessment in food products. A duplex RT-coupled nested PCR method was developed to detect the simultaneous presence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and rotavirus in commercial oysters from the eastern coast of Thailand. Primers were designed to amplify HAV VP4 and rotavirus VP7 genes. Although excess amounts of target template of one virus type interfered with RT-PCR am- plification of the other, this was overcome by including a nested duplex PCR step. Detection limit for both types of virus of this technique in oyster samples was more than 1,000-fold lower than that of the equivalent monoplex method. Out of 41 oyster samples 63% were positive for either one or both viruses. All rotaviruses belonged to group A G1P[8]. The use of multiplex RT-coupled nested PCR technique provides a cost-effective, rapid, sensitive and efficient tool to detect a wide diversity of viral pathogens and to improve control of virus infection in oysters.
NOROVIRUS OUTBREAK AT A DAYCARE CENTER IN BANGKOK, 2014.
Phumpholsup T, Theamboonlers A, Wanlapakorn N … +6 more , Felber JA, Suvaporn Anugulruengkit, Puthanakit T, Chomto S, Payungporn S, Poovorawan Y
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867381
Norovirus is a leading cause of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, affecting developing and developed countries, both children and adults. This study describes an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis at a daycar...
Norovirus is a leading cause of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, affecting developing and developed countries, both children and adults. This study describes an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis at a daycare center of a tertiary level hospital in Bangkok, Thailand during October 2014. Although none of the staff became symptomatic, 8 of 11 children attending the center and 4 of their household contacts developed acute gastroenteritis. No pathogenic bacteria or rotavirus were detected in their evaluation; however, 3 out of 7 stool samples from the cases were positive for norovirus GII.17. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis with sequence and phylogenetic analysis revealed the viral strain was the same strain reported from Taiwan in 2013. Because norovirus is a frequent cause of outbreaks in crowded conditions, early detection and preventive measures are important to control outbreaks.
ANTIGENIC AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF INFLUENZA B VIRUSES IN 2012 FROM SLUMS, DHAKA, BANGLADESH.
Islam MA, Sultana N, Ahmed F … +2 more , Rahman MM, Rahman SR
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867380
Nasal and throat swab samples were collected from 400 subjects with influenza-like illness during June to September, 2012 from two heavily crowded slums, Rayerbazar and Hazaribagh, situated southeast of Dhaka, Bangladesh...
Nasal and throat swab samples were collected from 400 subjects with influenza-like illness during June to September, 2012 from two heavily crowded slums, Rayerbazar and Hazaribagh, situated southeast of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Forty-one samples were positive for influenza B virus using quantitative RT-PCR, but no influenza A virus was detected. Antigenic characterization revealed that the influenza B viruses were of Yamagata and Victoria lineages, which was confirmed from genetic analysis of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes. Co-circulation of influenza B viruses of both Yamagata and Victoria lineages in the slums of Dhaka indicates that introduction of a tetravalent vaccine formulation that includes both of these influenza B virus lineages would be more effective in this population.
EVALUATION OF A COMMERCIAL RAPID TEST KIT FOR DETECTION OF ACUTE DENGUE INFECTION.
Krishnananthasivam S, Fernando AN, Tippalagama R … +6 more , Tennekoon R, De Man J, Seneviratne D, Premawansa S, Premawansa G, De Silva AD
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867379
Early diagnosis is important for clinical management of dengue disease. While classic laboratory tests are often tedious and time consuming, point of care devices offer a rapid, cost-effective and user-friendly alternati...
Early diagnosis is important for clinical management of dengue disease. While classic laboratory tests are often tedious and time consuming, point of care devices offer a rapid, cost-effective and user-friendly alternative provided their accuracy is acceptable. This study evaluated the sensitivity, specificity and efficiency of SD BIOLINE Dengue Duo® rapid NS1, IgM and IgG test kit for diagnosis of acute dengue virus infection. Standard laboratory diagnostics, RT-PCR, IgM and IgG capture ELISAs were carried out on 143 suspected dengue patient samples obtained from a Sri Lankan population. Using the results of these standard laboratory tests as reference, the sensitivity and specificity of the SD Dengue Duo® NS1 test was 57% and 87%, respectively, and those of the IgM test was 50% and 84%, respectively. The combined sensitivity and specificity of the SD Dengue Duo® NS1/ IgM test was 72% and 80%, respectively. The SD Dengue Duo® NS1 test detected NS1 for up to 9 days from onset of fever. Primary and secondary dengue cases were classified according to the IgG test, of which the kit identified 88% and 26% of primary and of secondary infection, respectively. Although the SD Dengue Duo® kit was not as accurate as the standard tests, it still can serve the useful reference for initial screening of suspected dengue cases, especially in poor resource hospital settings and aid in clinical disease management of dengue infection.
LARVICIDAL POTENTIAL AND MOSQUITO REPELLENT ACTIVITY OF CASSIA MIMOSOIDES EXTRACTS.
Alayo MA, Femi-Oyewo MN, Bakre LG … +1 more , Fashina AO
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867378
This study aims to investigate larvicidal activities of extracts of Cassia mimosoides leaves and pods as a potential agent in vector control of malaria and to evaluate repellent effect against Anopheles gambiae mosquito...
This study aims to investigate larvicidal activities of extracts of Cassia mimosoides leaves and pods as a potential agent in vector control of malaria and to evaluate repellent effect against Anopheles gambiae mosquito of the extract formulated in an aqueous cream base. Petroleum spirit, ethanol, water and dichloromethane extracts were tested against third and fourth instar Anopheles gambiae larvae. The petroleum extract was formulated in an aqueous cream base and repellency determined using N-N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) as control. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of saponins, tannins, anthraquinones, steroids, and flavonoids but absence of cardiac glycosides and alkaloids in powdered C. mimosoides. A dose related response was observed in the mortality rate of the extracts, with 2 mg/ml petroleum ether and dichloromethane extracts achieving 100 % mortality. Larvicidal activity of extracts based on LC50 values was petroleum ether > dichloromethane > ethanol > water. The formulated petroleum ether extract cream had a characteristic odor, hard and smooth texture, skin feeling of smoothness, ease of application by rubbing, easy removal using soap and water, non-irritating effect on skin and an acceptable pH value. The cream containing 2%-6% (w/w) extract and control achieved 100% repellency against mosquitoes after an exposure time of 5 minutes. There was a linear relationship between percent concentration of plant extract in the cream samples and repellent activity. These results suggest that crude extracts of C. mimosoides can be developed as eco-friendly larvicide and mosquito repellent and encourage further effort to investigate the bioactive compounds in the extracts.
SCREENING FOR MOSQUITO LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF THAI MUSHROOM EXTRACTS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO STECCHERINUM SP AGAINST AEDES AEGYPTI (L.) (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE).
Thongwat D, Pimolsri U, Somboon P
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867377
For over 50 years, biological control of mosquito larvae has depended mainly on plant extracts, fish, bacteria, protozoa, filamentous fungi, viruses or nematodes. In this study, we screened 143 mushroom samples from 44 c...
For over 50 years, biological control of mosquito larvae has depended mainly on plant extracts, fish, bacteria, protozoa, filamentous fungi, viruses or nematodes. In this study, we screened 143 mushroom samples from 44 confirmed species in Thailand for their mosquito larvicidal activity. One g% (w/v) aqueous extracts of dried powdered mushroom samples were tested against 3rd stage Aedes aegypti larvae. Four mushroom species, namely, Thaeogyroporus porentosus, Xylaria nigripes, Chlorophyllum sp and Steccherinum sp, and two unidentified species showed larvicidal mortality ranging from 10%-70% and 18%-90% for 24- and 48-hour exposure time, respectively. Steccherinum sp aqueous crude extract, after 48-hour exposure, did not show any larvicidal activity at 1,000 ppm, whereas that from ethanol, after 24-hour exposure, had 50% and 90% lethal concentration of 203 ppm and 412 ppm, respectively, with higher levels of mortality after 48- hour exposure. This is the first report of mosquito larvicidal properties of Thai mushroom extracts.
TEMPORAL CHANGES OF AEDES AND ARMIGERES POPULATIONS IN SUBURBAN AND FORESTED AREAS IN MALAYSIA.
Nurin-Zulkifli IM, Chen CD, Wan-Norafikah O … +7 more , Lee HL, Faezah K, Izzul AA, Abdullah AG, Lau KW, Norma-Rashid Y, Sofian-Azirun M
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867376
Surveillance of mosquitoes and their distribution in association with rainfall, relative humidity, and temperature were conducted in selected suburban and forested areas, namely, Sungai Penchala (Kuala Lumpur) and Taman...
Surveillance of mosquitoes and their distribution in association with rainfall, relative humidity, and temperature were conducted in selected suburban and forested areas, namely, Sungai Penchala (Kuala Lumpur) and Taman Alam (Selangor) for 12 months. Armigeres kesseli was the most abundant species in Sungai Penchala while Aedes butleri was the most dominant species in Taman Alam. A positive correlation between mosquito distribution and rainfall was observed in selected mosquito species in Sungai Penchala (Armigeres kesseli, r = 0.75; Armigeres subalbatus, r = 0.62; and Aedes albopictus, r = 0.65) and Taman Alam (Armigeres sp, r = 0.59; Ae. butleri, r = 0.85; and Ae. albopictus, r = 0.62). However, no significant cor- relation was found either between selected mosquito species in both study areas and relative humidity or temperature. Results obtained suggested that vector control programs to be conducted based on temporal distribution of vectors in order to achieve beneficial outcomes with effective costing.
DISTRIBUTION OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES IN LOWER NORTHERN THAILAND.
Vitta A, Yimthin T, Fukruksa C … +4 more , Wongpeera W, Yotpanya W, Polseela R, Thanwisai A
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867375
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are used successfully for biological control of subterranean larval pests leading to reduced environmental contamination if chemical control measures are employed. Their diversity and di...
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are used successfully for biological control of subterranean larval pests leading to reduced environmental contamination if chemical control measures are employed. Their diversity and distribution in Thailand are unclear, so the present study sought to obtain a better understanding these EPN populations in the lower northern region of Thailand. We collected 930 soil samples from 186 sites of Kamphaeng Phet, Nakhon Sawan, Phetchabun, Phichit, Phitsanulok, Sukhothai, Tak, Uthai Thani, and Uttaradit Provinces, Thailand from December 2011 to November 2012. Galleria mellonella was used as host for isolating and propagating EPNs. Seventy soil samples (7.5%) yielded EPNs of two genera, Steinernema (3.0%) and Heterorhabditis (4.5%). The majority of the isolated EPNs were found in loam at 26°C-33°C and pH values of 5.0-7.0. Molecular identification from partial 28S rDNA sequences revealed S. websteri, isolated from soil samples from Nakhon Sawan and Uthai Thani. Phylogenetic analysis of these EPNs showed they are closely related to S. websteri JC1032. The identification that S. websteri was the predominant EPN should enable its application for biological control in the local prevailing soil conditions.
INTRAOSSEOUS PROLIFERATIVE SPARGANOSIS PRESENTING AS A PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURE: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE.
Laovachirasuwan P, Mootsikapun P, Maleewong W … +1 more , Intapan PM
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867374
We report a case of 63-year-old male, who presented with pathological fracture of left distal humerus 3 weeks previously. The radiographic findings showed an ill-defined permeative osteolytic lesion of the left distal hu...
We report a case of 63-year-old male, who presented with pathological fracture of left distal humerus 3 weeks previously. The radiographic findings showed an ill-defined permeative osteolytic lesion of the left distal humerus. Incisional biopsy and debridement was done; pathological examination revealed a folded cestode larva with calcareous corpuscles in the bone and soft tissue, and increased eosinophils. IgG antibody tests for sparganosis were positive. The patient refused to have surgery for internal fixation and placement of an endoprosthesis.
CHARACTERIZATION OF MALARIA INFECTION AT TWO BORDER AREAS OF THAILAND ADJOINING WITH MYANMAR AND MALAYSIA.
Sermwittayawong N, Nishibuchi M, Sawangjaroen N … +1 more , Vuddhakul V
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Jul · PMID 26867373
During 2009 to 2010, a total of 408 blood samples collected from malaria patients in Ranong (149) and Yala (259) Provinces, Thailand were investigated for Plasmodium spp using microscopic examination. There are no statis...
During 2009 to 2010, a total of 408 blood samples collected from malaria patients in Ranong (149) and Yala (259) Provinces, Thailand were investigated for Plasmodium spp using microscopic examination. There are no statistical differences in the prevalence of P. falciparum and P. vivax in samples collected from Ranong and Yala (46% vs 52%, and 54% vs 45%, respectively). Single nucleotide polymorphism of codon 86 in pfmdr1 (encoding P. falciparum multidrug resistance protein 1) was investigated among 75 samples of P. falciparum and 2 samples of P. knowlesi. A pfmdr1 N86Y mutation was detected in 1 out of 29 samples and 45 out of 46 samples obtained from Ranong and Yala Provinces, respectively. It is interesting that pfmdr1 was detected in two P. knowlesi DNA samples obtained previously from Ranong Province which was 99% homologous to pfmdr1 obtained from falciparum parasites in the same area but the mutation was not observed. The difference in multidrug resistance protein in Plasmodium obtained from those two border areas of Thailand will be of use in monitoring drug resistance in these border regions of the country.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INJURY SEVERITY AND INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS: A SURVEY IN SOUTHERN CHINA.
Huang K, Liang W, Han S … +2 more , Abdullah AS, Yang L
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Nov · PMID 26867372
This study aimed to assess the relationships between road traffic injury severity and individual characteristics in Liuzhou, a city in southern China. Data for this study were collected from the Guangxi Public Security B...
This study aimed to assess the relationships between road traffic injury severity and individual characteristics in Liuzhou, a city in southern China. Data for this study were collected from the Guangxi Public Security Bureau Traffic Police Corps. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis was used. Of all 14,595 individuals involved in accidents, males, motor vehicle drivers, motorcyclists, and those aged 21-45 years accounted for the great proportion of all injuries. Children, the elderly, pedestrians, farmers and migrant workers, unemployed people, and novice drivers were at higher risk of serious injury in crashes. These findings suggest that individual characteristics (age, modes of transport, profession, driving experience) are strongly related to injury severity. To address road traffic related mortality and injuries, there is a need to develop policy strategies, strengthen road supervision, and improve public consciousness of road safety.
WORK RELATED INJURY AND ILLNESS: EXPLORING THE RETURN-TO-WORK PROGRAM IN MALAYSIA.
Awang H, Mansor N, Rodrigo SK
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Nov · PMID 26867371
Illness and injury have a significant impact on employees, their families and employers. The consequences faced by an injured worker could lead to disability, which could then lead to inability to work. This study examin...
Illness and injury have a significant impact on employees, their families and employers. The consequences faced by an injured worker could lead to disability, which could then lead to inability to work. This study examined the patterns of the Return to Work (RTW) using data from The Social Security Organisation (SOCSO) of Malaysia RTW database from 2010 to 2013. Factors of successful return to work, employees' salary upon returning to formal employment were also investigated. Gender, age, year of injury, industry, and job hierarchy were found to be significant predictors of employees' salary upon returning to work. Although there are other costs involved on the part of employers and employees, themselves, in the long term the financial returns that can be brought back by injured workers who have successfully returned to work combined with the qualitative benefits substantially outweighs the costs of RTW program.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS FOR NONFATAL DROWNING IN THE MIGRANT CHILDREN.
Zhu Y, Xu G, Li H … +3 more , Huang Y, Ding K, Chen J
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health · 2015 Nov · PMID 26867370
The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and potential risk factors for nonfatal drowning among migrant workers' children in China. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of students from third to ninth gr...
The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and potential risk factors for nonfatal drowning among migrant workers' children in China. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of students from third to ninth grade at five Migrant Workers' Children schools in Ningbo, China in 2014. General information and a history of nonfatal drowning was obtained from self-reported questionnaires by migrant students. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify potential risk factors. A total 3,859 students were included in the current study. Of these, 13.4% had experienced a nonfatal drowning accident (15.2% for males, 11.2% for females). Most nonfatal drowning occurred in natural water settings. Diving into unknown water without adult supervision had the greatest association with history of nonfatal drowning [odds ratio (OR) = 1.97; 95% confidential interval (CI): 1.31-2.95], followed by fishing in water (OR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.05-2.14), swimming or playing in water (OR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.02-2.12), and trying to rescue peers in the water if they were drowning (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.04-1.64). There were factors associated with a lower risk of drowing: having a parent accompany the child to school (OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.51-0.93),understanding the the danger of swimming alone (OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.48-0.99) and having a knowledge about water safety (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.98-0.99). The study population was at inceased risk for nonfatal drowning. Preventive measures, such as improved water-safety knowledge, decreasing risky water-related activities and better supervision of children need to be developed and tested to decrease the risk of nonfatal drowning among the study population.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe