Curr. Eye Res. [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Effect of Haptic Design, Passing Direction, and Inter-Flange Distance on the Position of the Intraocular Lens during 4-Flanged Intrascleral Fixation.
Jun JH, Bang SP, Shim KY … +2 more , Lieu AC, Afshari NA
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40351009 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate the effect of haptic design, direction of suture passage, and distance between flanges on the haptic-iris distance after four-flanged scleral fixation of a single-piece intraocular lens w...
PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate the effect of haptic design, direction of suture passage, and distance between flanges on the haptic-iris distance after four-flanged scleral fixation of a single-piece intraocular lens with four eyelets. METHODS: After marking the 3 and 9 o'clock positions on the limbus, each 26-G needle was positioned 2.0 mm posterior to the limbus and passed 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mm away from the markings at 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock, respectively. We passed each end of a 5-0 polypropylene suture anteroposteriorly or posteroanteriorly through two unilateral eyelets. The haptic-iris distance was evaluated using anterior-segment optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: Passing the suture through the eyelets in the posteroanterior direction yielded a wider haptic-iris distance than that achieved by passing the suture in the anteroposterior direction ( < 0.001, respectively). A wider distance between the polypropylene flanges correlated with reduced distortion of haptic structures. Fixation of the Akreos AO with a 4.0-mm suture spacing induced a wider haptic-iris distance ( < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Passing sutures through the eyelet in the posteroanterior direction during intrascleral fixation proved to be more effective in securing a sufficient haptic-iris distance. A wider distance between flanges was beneficial in preventing structural distortion of the haptic and ensuring a proper distance between the haptic and iris.
Corneal Epithelial Changes in Eyes with Post-Traumatic Recurrent Corneal Erosion: Comparison with Fellow Eyes and Healthy Controls.
Mukhija R, Shah RP, Levy I … +1 more , Nanavaty MA
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Sep · PMID 40347235 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To assess corneal epithelial thickness (ET) changes in affected and fellow eyes of patients with post-traumatic recurrent corneal erosions (RCE) and compare these with healthy age-matched controls. METHODS: This...
PURPOSE: To assess corneal epithelial thickness (ET) changes in affected and fellow eyes of patients with post-traumatic recurrent corneal erosions (RCE) and compare these with healthy age-matched controls. METHODS: This is a single-centre observational study involving retrospective data collection for patients presenting with traumatic RCE. ET maps were obtained at the follow-up visit once the erosion had healed. Data was recorded for affected (Group 1) and fellow eyes (Group 2) and for healthy age-matched control eyes (Group 3). The primary outcome measure was comparison of "E-Std Dev" values (variation in ET maps between the three groups). Secondary outcome measures were central ET, minimum ET, maximum ET, superior ET, inferior ET and E(min-max) values, and qualitative map assessment, which was performed by analysing the number of zones with thicknesses 60-70 µ and 70-80 µ. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients (66 eyes) and 33 age-matched healthy eyes were included. E-Std Dev values were highest values in Group 1 and lowest in Group 3 (4.65 ± 1.87 µ, 2.92 ± 1.16 µ and 1.94 ± 0.63 µ in Groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively) ( < 0.01). A similar trend was also noted for central ET ( < 0.01), maximum ET ( < 0.01), E(min-max) values ( = 0.03) and qualitative map assessment ( < 0.01). There were no significant inter-group differences for minimum ET ( = 0.05), superior ET {E-S (2-7)} ( = 0.45) and inferior ET {E-I (2-7)} ( = 0.68). CONCLUSIONS: Variation and maximum ET were highest in the affected eyes. Even the fellow eyes showed higher values than healthy controls. This may suggest a predisposition of some patients to develop RCE after trauma.
Blue Light Irradiation Elicits Senescence of Corneal Endothelial Cells by Provoking Energy Crisis, Inflammasome Assembly and DNA Damage.
Zheng X, Jiang GJ, Fan TJ
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40336349 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: The blue light from the digital screens endangers the visual system among which the corneas at the outmost of eyes are vulnerable to the irradiation. Therein, the human corneal endothelial (HCE) cells are crucia...
PURPOSE: The blue light from the digital screens endangers the visual system among which the corneas at the outmost of eyes are vulnerable to the irradiation. Therein, the human corneal endothelial (HCE) cells are crucial to maintain corneal transparency and their damage leads to HCE decompensation resulting in blindness ultimately. Thus, understanding the phototoxic effects of the blue light on the HCE cells and the underlying mechanisms is important for taking measures to protect the vision clarity from the blue-light hazard. METHODS: We pulse-irradiated the HCE cell line cells at logarithmic phase for 3 passages using 440 nm blue light and examined the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ATP, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and autophagy using cytochemistry assay to investigate the alterations of energy metabolism. Moreover, we examined the γH2AX cells using immunofluorescence and expression of poly(ADP-Ribose)polymerase1 (PARP1) using western blotting to investigate the degrees of DNA damage and repair. We also monitored the levels of inflammasome using western blotting and senescence associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs) of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1β and IL-6 using qPCR and ELISA to investigate the inflammasome assembly and secretion of SASPs. We detected the senescent features with senescence-associated-β-galactosidase assay, p16 levels by western blotting, Lamin B1 localization by immunofluorescence observation, cell growth by EdU incorporation assay and confluence forming time and alterations of the cell morphology and relative areas by microscopy observation. RESULTS: The HCE cells exhibited senescent features after blue-light-pulse-irradiation. The blue light provokes overproduction of ROS to decrease the levels of ATP, NAD and autophagy leading to energy crisis. Moreover, the excess ROS injure DNA and downregulate PARP1 resulting in stable cell-cycle arrest. The excess ROS also facilitate inflammasome assembly leading to hypersecretion of SASPs. CONCLUSION: The blue light elicits HCE cell senescence inducing energy crisis, stable cell-cycle arrest and SASP hypersecretion.
Retinol Binding Protein-4 and Galectin-3 Levels in Type II Diabetes: Their Impact on Retinopathy Risk.
Sharmila R, Ratra D, Cruze LD … +7 more , Prashanth R, Kumar S, Sowmya G, Ravi Shankar P, Magesh R, Radha A, Kaviarasan K
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40331594 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: Retinol binding protein-4, a lipocalin family member, and galectin-3, a lectin family member, link their potential role in modulating glucose metabolism and inflammation. This study aims to explore retinol bindi...
PURPOSE: Retinol binding protein-4, a lipocalin family member, and galectin-3, a lectin family member, link their potential role in modulating glucose metabolism and inflammation. This study aims to explore retinol binding protein-4 and galectin-3's role as the disease progresses from prediabetes to diabetic retinopathy and to ascertain whether these variables could serve as risk or diagnostic indicators for diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: This study includes 100 patients divided into three groups, diabetic retinopathy ( = 39), type 2 diabetes mellitus ( = 41), and prediabetes ( = 21), based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Serum levels of retinol binding protein-4 and galectin-3 were assessed by sandwich ELISA. Immunofluorescence analysis was employed to localize retinol binding protein-4 and galectin-3 in the retinal layers. The increase in serum retinol binding protein-4 levels was validated by quantitative western blot analysis. The HDOCK tool was used to identify the protein-protein interactions between retinol binding protein-4 and VEGF. RESULTS: Serum retinol binding protein-4 levels were higher in diabetic retinopathy and type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to prediabetes ( < 0.0001). Further, western blot analysis confirmed a significant twofold increase in diabetic retinopathy compared to the prediabetes groups ( = 0.0423). Serum galectin-3 levels were insignificantly higher in diabetic retinopathy and type 2 diabetes mellitus when compared to prediabetes. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve values, also indicates that serum retinol binding protein-4 had acceptable performance (area under the curve: 0.7965 and 0.9007) for the comparison between prediabetes vs. type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes vs. diabetic retinopathy, respectively, as compared to serum galectin-3 (area under the curve: 0.6961 and 0.7008). In the IF analysis, retinol binding protein-4 localization was more common in the photoreceptor region and the retina vessels, whereas galectin-3 was distributed in the ganglion cell layer of the retina. The strong binding between retinol binding protein-4 and the VEGFA and VEGFB isoforms was observed during the protein-protein interaction study. CONCLUSION: This study reveals that retinol binding protein-4 seems to be a diagnostic marker for diabetic retinopathy, which requires further investigation.
Response to the Letter to the Editor: Expression of PAX6 and Keratocyte-Characteristic Markers in Human Limbal Stromal Cells of Congenital Aniridia and Healthy Subjects, .
Li Z, Stachon T, Zimmermann J … +9 more , Trusen S, Fries FN, Berger M, Suiwal S, Chai N, Seitz B, Shi L, Amini M, Szentmáry N
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40302148 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of an Assistive Device for Blind People: A Prospective, Non-Randomized, Single Arm, and Open Label Clinical Trial.
Zhao Y, Yang S, Tao Y … +1 more , Kang H
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40302104 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of an assistive device (BrainPort Vision Pro) for blind people in object recognition and orientation-and-mobility. METHODS: This prospective, single arm, and open label clinical trial en...
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of an assistive device (BrainPort Vision Pro) for blind people in object recognition and orientation-and-mobility. METHODS: This prospective, single arm, and open label clinical trial enrolled 24 participants who had profound visual impairment (visual acuity < 1/60 and/or visual field constriction <5°). After a three-hour training of BrainPort Vision Pro device instruction, participants were instructed to perform functional tasks including an assistive walking program and object recognition project. Five chances were given for each task, and success was defined as correctly completing at least three times. Success rates were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the device. RESULTS: The success rates of participants wearing the device were significantly higher for both orientation-and-mobility task and objects/place-setting recognition tasks, compared to those without the aid. Device-related adverse events did not occur throughout the study. CONCLUSION: This is the first attempt to evaluate the efficacy of the BrainPort Vision Pro for blind people in China. It is shown as a viable assistive device for blind individuals to directly interact with their environments through a real perception from tongue stimulation, without remarkable side effects in the current study. With the advancement and popularization, more blind people will have access to and benefit from the BrainPort Vision Pro in the future.
Machine Learning-Driven Identification of Hematological and Immunological Biomarkers for Predicting Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Progression.
Zhao S
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40299320 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) is a severe complication of diabetes characterized by neovascularization and retinal detachment, leading to significant vision loss. This study investigates the predictiv...
PURPOSE: Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) is a severe complication of diabetes characterized by neovascularization and retinal detachment, leading to significant vision loss. This study investigates the predictive power of hematological and immunological markers in PDR progression. METHODS: Data from 126 patients were analyzed using advanced machine learning techniques, including LASSO regression, elastic net modeling, and backward stepwise regression. RESULTS: The findings identified age, gender, IL-1, and lymphocyte count (LYM) as significant predictors of PDR, with a high AUC value of 0.839 from the ROC curve analysis. These markers, particularly cytokines in the aqueous humor and peripheral blood, offer a convenient and rapid method for early detection and risk assessment of PDR. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the limitations of being a cross-sectional study with a relatively small sample size, the results highlight the clinical significance of these biomarkers and underscore the need for further validation in larger, more diverse populations. This study contributes to the development of targeted interventions and improved management strategies for diabetic retinopathy, emphasizing the importance of immunological health in disease progression.
Effect of Meibomian Gland Expression on Optical Quality in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.
Li H, Tong W, Hu M … +3 more , Meng Z, Chang P, Zhao Y
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40289677 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To evaluate the changes in meibomian gland function, ocular surface parameters, and optical quality before and after meibomian gland expression in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). METHODS: Patien...
PURPOSE: To evaluate the changes in meibomian gland function, ocular surface parameters, and optical quality before and after meibomian gland expression in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). METHODS: Patients with MGD underwent meibomian gland expression once weekly for 4 consecutive weeks. Comprehensive assessments, including the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, tear break-up time, corneal fluorescein staining, lid margin abnormality grading, meibum expressibility and quality evaluations, Schirmer I test (SIT), as well as optical quality examinations using the Pentacam and Optical Quality Analysis System II, were conducted before and after the treatment. RESULTS: 124 eyes of 62 patients were included in the study. Most meibomian gland function and ocular surface parameters showed significant improvement after treatment. Except for and coma ( = .029), no other significant changes in optical quality were observed. Changes in SIT were significantly correlated with changes in total corneal high-order aberrations (tHOA-4mm) ( = -.224, = .019). Changes in objective scattering index were significantly associated with changes in spherical aberration ( = .219, = .022), trefoil ( = .797, < .001), total high-order aberrations ( = .408, < .001) and total corneal spherical aberration ( = .590, < .001). CONCLUSION: Meibomian gland expression effectively improves meibomian gland function and ocular surface parameters. However, it does not appear to significantly impact optical quality in patients with MGD.
Effect of Capsular Tension Ring Implantation on Postoperative Rotational Stability and Visual Performance of a Multifocal Toric Intraocular Lens.
Qi J, Hu X, He W … +4 more , Zhang K, Meng J, Lu Y, Zhu X
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40289675 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation on postoperative rotational stability and visual performance of a plate-haptic multifocal toric intraocular lens in highly and non-highly myo...
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation on postoperative rotational stability and visual performance of a plate-haptic multifocal toric intraocular lens in highly and non-highly myopic eyes. METHODS: Consecutive cataract patients intended for phacoemulsification and plate-haptic multifocal toric IOL (AT LISA 909 M) implantation were enrolled and randomized to receive either co-implantation of a CTR or not. Axial length (AL) ≥ 26 mm was defined as highly myopic (HM) eyes. At 3 months postoperatively, IOL rotation degree, residual astigmatism, visual acuity, higher-order aberrations, modulation transfer function, dysfunctional lens index (DLI), and quality of vision index (QVI) were assessed. RESULTS: This prospective cohort study included 44 eyes with CTR implanted and 43 without. In HM eyes, the CTR group showed significantly smaller degree of IOL rotation and less residual astigmatism compared to the non-CTR group, however, no such differences were found in non-HM eyes (both > 0.05). Furthermore, in HM eyes, despite no difference in visual acuity, the CTR group exhibited significantly lower spherical aberrations and higher DLI and QVI compared to the non-CTR group (all < 0.05), although no such differences were observed in non-HM eyes (all > 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified longer AL, larger white-to-white, and non-use of CTR as independent risk factors for greater IOL rotation. CONCLUSIONS: The co-implantation of CTR improves the rotational stability of a multifocal toric IOL in HM eyes, hence subsequently enhancing visual quality.
Seven-Year Observation of Posterior Corneal Elevations After Small Incision Lenticule Extraction in Myopic Patients with Thin Corneas.
Ten W, Xia F, Liu S … +4 more , Sun B, Zhai Z, Zhou X, Zhao J
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40276947 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To assess the long-term stability of the posterior corneal surface in myopic patients with thin corneas after Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE). METHODS: This study involved 60 eyes from 60 patients (m...
PURPOSE: To assess the long-term stability of the posterior corneal surface in myopic patients with thin corneas after Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE). METHODS: This study involved 60 eyes from 60 patients (mean spherical equivalent (SE): -5.81 ± 1.79 D), divided into two groups based on preoperative central corneal thickness (CCT): Group A (CCT < 510 μm, thin cornea) and Group B (CCT ≥ 510 μm, normal cornea), with 30 eyes per group. Data collected preoperatively and 7 years postoperatively included visual acuity, SE, efficacy and safety indices, intraocular pressure, axial length, and posterior corneal surface elevation measured by Pentacam. RESULTS: No significant long-term complications were observed. Efficacy and safety indices were similar: 0.94 ± 0.16 and 1.07 ± 0.11 in Group A, and 0.94 ± 0.17 and 1.07 ± 0.16 in Group B. In Group A, posterior central elevation (PCE) increased significantly from baseline, while posterior thinnest elevation (PTE) decreased. Group B showed a significant increase in mid-peripheral elevation at 4 mm (MPE-4 mm). Subgroup analysis revealed increased PTE and MPE-6 mm in low-to-moderate myopia in Group A, and increased peripheral elevations in similar myopia levels in Group B. High myopia patients showed no significant changes. Correlation analysis in Group A showed that changes in 7-year PTE were negatively correlated with residual bed thickness (RBT) and positively correlated with the ablation ratio (AR). Similarly, changes in PCE and PTE correlated with RBT and AR. CONCLUSION: SMILE effectively corrects myopia long-term but increases posterior surface elevation in thin corneas. Patients with high myopia and thin corneas should monitor RBT and AR to ensure long-term corneal stability and safety.
Prospective Telemedicine Postoperative Protocol Following Microincision Vitrectomy Surgery (MIVS).
Min H, Garcia-O'Farrill N, Garcia P … +2 more , Thomson A, Hunter AA
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Jul · PMID 40260705 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: Retrospective studies show a low proportion of postoperative (PO) complications or alterations in management after Microincision Vitrectomy Surgery (MIVS). To our knowledge, this is the first prospective analysi...
PURPOSE: Retrospective studies show a low proportion of postoperative (PO) complications or alterations in management after Microincision Vitrectomy Surgery (MIVS). To our knowledge, this is the first prospective analysis of a telemedicine alternative to the standard practice for PO visits after MIVS. The purpose of this study is to evaluate telemedicine for the management of postoperative visits (POV) following MIVS. METHODS: Ongoing randomized, prospective study with 53 patients assigned (1:1) to two arms of POV schedules including Virtual Telemedicine visits (VT) In-person Telemedicine (IP) visits. POV schedules in both groups included visits on the same day after surgery and week(s) 1, 2, 8, and 12. Complete exams with visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and dilated fundus exams of the operative eye were performed by the retina surgeon on day 0, weeks 2 and 12 in both groups. Protocolized focused undilated exams on weeks 1 and 8 either remotely (VT group) or in-person (IP group). Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney U tests between groups using Microsoft Excel. RESULTS: Primary outcome, mean POV logMAR BCVA, showed no statistically significant difference (-value = 0.70) between VT and IP groups. Other pre- and post-surgical comparisons (e.g. IOP, RNFL score) showed no statistical differences. No post-surgical complications have been noted. CONCLUSIONS: Telemedicine-assisted POV may be a safe and convenient alternative for patients undergoing uncomplicated MIVS, but additional and larger studies are needed.
Management of Refractory Glaucoma, a New Surgical Paradigm: Review of the Literature.
Heintz V, Bastelica P, Baudouin C … +2 more , Lachkar Y, Labbé A
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40257049 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To review current therapeutic strategies and innovations in the management of refractory glaucoma, with a focus on recent advancements in implantable surgical devices. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search...
PURPOSE: To review current therapeutic strategies and innovations in the management of refractory glaucoma, with a focus on recent advancements in implantable surgical devices. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, included terms such as "refractory glaucoma," "posterior drainage implants," "cyclodestruction," and "minimally invasive glaucoma surgery." Articles discussing surgical and medical interventions, as well as device innovations, were included. RESULTS: Therapeutic options include creating new sites for filtering surgery, posterior drainage implants, minimally invasive devices, cyclodestruction, or continuing medical management without surgery. CONCLUSION: Therapeutic decisions regarding refractory glaucoma should be made on a thoughtful, individualized basis, carefully weighing the expected benefits against the potential risks for the patient. Recent innovations in implantable devices expand the range of surgical possibilities.
Comments on the Study of "Expression of PAX6 and Keratocyte-Characteristic Markers in Human Limbal Stromal Cells of Congenital Aniridia and Healthy Subjects, In Vitro".
Kocamış Sİ, Kesimal B
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40251964 · Publisher ↗
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Dose-Response Effect of 300 nm UV Radiation on the Ocular Lens Epithelial Cells Count.
Yu Z
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Jul · PMID 40226868 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To assess how varying doses of ultraviolet radiation affect the distribution of lens epithelial cells. METHODS: Forty Sprague Dawley rats were exposed unilaterally to ultraviolet radiation-300 nm at doses of 1,...
PURPOSE: To assess how varying doses of ultraviolet radiation affect the distribution of lens epithelial cells. METHODS: Forty Sprague Dawley rats were exposed unilaterally to ultraviolet radiation-300 nm at doses of 1, 3, 6, and 8 kJ/m. One week after exposure, lenses from both the exposed and the unexposed contralateral eyes were collected for analysis. A midsagittal section from each lens was stained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and examined using fluorescence microscopy to evaluate lens epithelial cell distribution. RESULTS: The difference in lens epithelial cell density between exposed and non-exposed eyes at doses of 1, 3, 6, and 8 kJ/m was measured as 95% confidence interval values of -0.1 ± 2.1, 0.1 ± 3.0, -4.1 ± 1.4, and -2.9 ± 2.7 cell·μm·10, respectively. Data were analyzed using a linear model with the initial density difference set to zero. The slope of the dose-response relationship was estimated as 95% confidence interval -0.4 ± 0.1 cell·μm·kJ·10. CONCLUSION: Exposure to ultraviolet radiation-300 nm reduces lens epithelial cell density. The linear model provides a quantitative understanding of the relationship between ultraviolet radiation dose and cell density.
A Comparison of the 360° Versus 180° of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) in the Treatment of Open Angle Glaucoma (OAG) and Ocular Hypertension (OHT): A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Amaral DC, Guedes J, Moreira PHS … +6 more , Pereira S, de Oliveira LN, Pimentel ALMR, Caneca KO, Monteiro MLR, Louzada RN
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Aug · PMID 40219934 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: There are several divergences in the literature regarding the safety and effectiveness of selective laser trabeculoplasty application at 360° vs. 180°. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare t...
PURPOSE: There are several divergences in the literature regarding the safety and effectiveness of selective laser trabeculoplasty application at 360° vs. 180°. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of selective laser trabeculoplasty at 180° and 360° in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis, registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42024501311), conducted searches in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception to January 2024. The protocol is registered in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews under the same registration number. Primary outcomes included mean intraocular pressure change at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months, success ratio, and adverse events. Statistical analysis utilized R version 4.3.2 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). RESULTS: The meta-analysis included nine studies, involving 1065 eyes. Compared to 180° selective laser trabeculoplasty, 360° selective laser trabeculoplasty demonstrated superior success ratios (odds ratio 1.63; = .002) and intraocular pressure reduction at 1 (mean difference -0.99; < .01), 6 (mean difference -1.37; < .01), and 12 (mean difference -1.41; < .01) months. Although the intraocular pressure difference at 24 months was not statistically significant, a subgroup analysis showed that one study influenced heterogeneity and effect size. Adverse event rates did not significantly differ between the groups. CONCLUSION: 360° selective laser trabeculoplasty is preferred for initial laser therapy in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. It achieves maximal intraocular pressure reduction while maintaining an excellent safety profile.
Waveform Score Influences the Outcome Metrics of the Ocular Response Analyzer in Patients with Keratoconus and in Healthy Controls.
Yuhas PT, Fortman MM, Nye M … +2 more , Mahmoud AM, Roberts CJ
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Jul · PMID 40210210 · Full text
PURPOSE: To test whether the intraocular-pressure (IOP) and biomechanical outcome metrics from the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) differ between the measurement with the highest waveform score and the average of four mea...
PURPOSE: To test whether the intraocular-pressure (IOP) and biomechanical outcome metrics from the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) differ between the measurement with the highest waveform score and the average of four measurements of any waveform score in participants with keratoconus and in controls. METHODS: Patients with diagnosed keratoconus and healthy controls were recruited prospectively. Four measurements were made using a third-generation ORA. Goldmann-correlated IOP (IOPg), corneal-compensated IOP (IOPcc), corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), waveform score, and six waveform parameters (p1area, p2area, w1, w2, h1, and h2) were considered as outcome metrics. In the left eye, outcomes from the measurement with the highest waveform score were compared against averaged outcomes from four measurements of any waveform score using either paired t-tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves tested ability of both data-selection approaches to differentiate the cohorts. RESULTS: One-hundred ninety-two ( = 192) participants were enrolled. In the control cohort ( = 145), waveform score, CH, p2area, and h2 were all significantly greater for the best-waveform-score measurement than for the average-waveform-score measurement. IOPcc and w2 were significantly less for the best-waveform-score measurement than for the average-waveform-score measurement. In the keratoconus cohort ( = 47), waveform score, p1area, p2area, h1, and h2 were all significantly greater for the best-waveform-score measurement than for the average-waveform-score measurement. W2 was significantly less for the best-waveform-score measurement than for the average-waveform-score measurement. The area under the ROC curve was high for both data-selection approaches. CONCLUSION: In general, the best measurement had higher and narrower waveform peaks than the averaged measurement, which suggests better alignment between the device and the eye in the former than in the latter. Thus, making multiple measurements and then analyzing the one with the single highest quality may be preferred to analyzing the average of the group.
Correlations of Thioredoxin and Thioredoxin Interacting Protein with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Diabetic Retinopathy.
Liu J, Yu X, Chudhary M … +7 more , Qi H, Zhang N, Zhong S, Zhao Q, Ren X, Kong H, Kong L
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Jul · PMID 40207568 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between Thioredoxin (Trx), Thioredoxin interacting protein (Txnip), and the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: The study involved a total of 101 eyes, comprising of 3...
PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between Thioredoxin (Trx), Thioredoxin interacting protein (Txnip), and the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: The study involved a total of 101 eyes, comprising of 31 healthy controls, 24 diabetic patients with no clinically detectable retinopathy (NDR group), 26 patients with non-proliferative DR (NPDR group), and 20 patients with proliferative DR (PDR group), including 62 males and 49 females, average aged 61.65 ± 9.4. Retinal morphology was evaluated using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), while retinal function was assessed using full-field electroretinogram (ffERG) to record the amplitudes and implicit time. The correlation between serum Trx, Txnip, and DR was analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS: In the early stage of DR, there was no significant difference in macular retinal thickness between groups; in the PDR group, there was a significant increase compared to both the NDR and control groups, particularly in the central fovea ( < 0.0001). Additionally, the amplitude and implicit time of oscillatory potentials exhibited a significant difference between the NDR and control groups at an early stage of DR ( < 0.001). Furthermore, the amplitude of rod and cone ERG decreased significantly in the early stage of DR, while the implicit time began to decline in the NPDR stage. The serum levels of Trx and Txnip exhibited a positive correlation with the progression of DR ( = 0.851, 0.762). Conversely, a negative correlation was observed between the serum levels of Trx and Txnip and the amplitudes of ERG, while a positive correlation was observed with the implicit time of ERG. CONCLUSIONS: The serum levels of Trx and Txnip exhibit a positive correlation with retinopathy associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and thus may be utilized as a potential target for the timely diagnosis and treatment of DR.
Long-Term Outcomes of Pterygium Extended Removal Combined with Conjunctival Autograft and Amniotic Membrane Transplantation.
Li K, Wang K, Zou G … +2 more , Wang C, Huang W
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Jul · PMID 40195764 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To observe the Long-term results of pterygium extended removal combined conjunctival autograft and amniotic membrane transplantation. METHODS: This is a prospective study of 666 eyes (606 patients, 332 right eye...
PURPOSE: To observe the Long-term results of pterygium extended removal combined conjunctival autograft and amniotic membrane transplantation. METHODS: This is a prospective study of 666 eyes (606 patients, 332 right eyes and 336 left eyes). All patients underwent pterygium extended removal combined conjunctival autograft and amniotic membrane transplantation in a same hospital. The primary outcome measures included the cosmetic appearances and recurrence rate; the secondary outcome measures were some serious complications, like Keratitis, conjunctival cyst and conjunctival granuloma. RESULTS: 606 patients (82.34% of surviving) were able to be followed up. The mean follow-up period was 29.96 ± 13.34 months. Recurrence was noted in 7 eyes (1.05%), and there were no serious complications. 89.04% of eyes were graded as having excellent cosmetic appearance. CONCLUSIONS: The long-term recurrence rate of pterygium extended removal combined conjunctival autograft and amniotic membrane Graft is very low, and the long-term cosmetic appearance is excellent. And also, there were no other serious complications.
PM2.5 Stimulates Macrophage-Derived Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP) to Induce a Mouse Model of Allergic Conjunctivitis.
Qin Y, Bian Y, Hu J … +7 more , Qu Y, Liu R, Ma J, Li J, Ma B, Pei C, Gao N
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Jul · PMID 40191989 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: Increasing epidemiologic evidence has indicated that PM2.5 exposure is strongly correlated with the prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis (AC), but there is no experimental model for elucidating the underlying m...
PURPOSE: Increasing epidemiologic evidence has indicated that PM2.5 exposure is strongly correlated with the prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis (AC), but there is no experimental model for elucidating the underlying mechanism involved. We established a stable PM2.5-induced mouse model of AC to explore the adverse effects of PM2.5 on the ocular surfaces and the underlying mechanisms involved. METHODS: BALB/c mice were sensitized by intraplanar injection of 200 μg PM2.5 on day 0 and challenged for 10 consecutive days, beginning on day 9, with eye drops containing 12.5 mg/mL PM2.5. Assessments of the ocular surfaces, eye blink counts, and tear secretion were performed to evaluate clinical symptoms. The whole eyes were harvested for histopathological and immunofluorescence analyses, the conjunctiva was isolated for Western blotting, and the sera were subjected to IgE ELISA to evaluate the immune characteristics and TSLP-related pathway expression. Furthermore, mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were incubated with 25 μg/mL PM2.5 for 24 h. Cellular protein and RNA were extracted for Western blotting and RNA sequencing. RESULTS: PM2.5 exposure induced clinical manifestations and pathological changes similar to those in human AC. The sensitization and challenge evoked Th2 responses and serum IgE production. PM2.5 exposure mediated TSLP production in macrophages and aggravated allergic inflammation through the TSLP-TSLPR and TSLP-OX40L signaling pathways . Macrophages produced TSLP and polarized to the M1 phenotype after PM2.5 administration . CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate a reproducible method for establishing a PM2.5-induced AC model. In addition, PM2.5 exposure stimulated macrophages to secrete TSLP and enhance allergic inflammation.
Outcomes of Powered Revision Endoscopic DCR and Utility of Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Dacryocystography (3D CT-DCG).
Agarwal A, Doctor S, Mohan ER … +2 more , Ali MJ, Bothra N
Curr Eye Res · 2025 Jul · PMID 40183223 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To analyze the causes of failure in primary external dacryocystorhinostomy versus endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy and surgical outcomes of powered revision endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy and the role of pre-o...
PURPOSE: To analyze the causes of failure in primary external dacryocystorhinostomy versus endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy and surgical outcomes of powered revision endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy and the role of pre-operative lacrimal imaging in surgical planning. METHODS: Retrospective, interventional study on patients with an earlier failed dacryocystorhinostomy who underwent revision endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy surgery from January 2016 to June 2024. Data collected included the demographic profile, clinical presentation, details of prior intervention, pre- and intra-operative endoscopic findings, adjunctive procedures, and the computed tomography dacryocystography characteristics. Successful outcomes were anatomic success (patent irrigation) and functional success (resolution of epiphora). RESULTS: Two hundred and ten lacrimal drainage systems of 205 patients who underwent revision endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy were analyzed. The mean age at the presentation was 45 years. Of the 210 lacrimal surgeries, 17 (8%) had multiple surgeries, 129 (61%) underwent prior endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy, and 81 (39%) had external dacryocystorhinostomy. One hundred and eight (51%) primary surgeries were performed by an ophthalmologist, 94 (45%) by an ear nose throat surgeon, and eight (3.8%) were unknown. The most common cause of failure was complete cicatricial closure (73%) followed by interfering osteo-septal synechiae (20%). The most common location of previous osteotomy was inferior (37%). Preoperative three-dimensional computed tomography-dacryocystography showed inadequate superior osteotomy in 62.5%, and sac displacement in 57%. Three-dimensional computed tomography-dacryocystography correlated with intra-operative findings in 96% cases. Adjunct procedures were performed in 42% of revision endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy's. Successful outcome was achieved in 199 (94.7%), regardless of nature of primary surgery ( = .63), at 3-months follow-up. CONCLUSION: With proper planning, comparable success to external approach can be achieved with a revision endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. Computed tomography dacryocystography in select cases can guide surgical planning and anticipate intra-operative challenges.
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