Cesk Slov Oftalmol [JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Reconstruction of the Anophthalmic Conjunctival Sac. A Review of Surgical Procedures to Achieve Stability of the Ocular Prosthesis in Our Practice.
Ilavská M, Kubíková E, Majtánová N
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 40125783 · Publisher ↗
AIM: A systematic review of surgical procedures on eyelids and the conjunctival sac in the case of instability of an ocular prosthesis from the author's own experience. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a prospective follow-up co...
AIM: A systematic review of surgical procedures on eyelids and the conjunctival sac in the case of instability of an ocular prosthesis from the author's own experience. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a prospective follow-up conducted from March 2022 to July 2024, the study comprised 51 patients with an unstable prosthesis who were referred by a prosthetist. The study examined the demographic data, cause of enucleation of the eyeball, the time interval between the onset of prosthesis instability and the surgical procedure of enucleation, and the surgical methods of correction to provide functional and aesthetic improvement. RESULTS: The 49 patients included 13 women with a mean age of 61.4 years (39-78) and 36 men with a mean age of 56.3 years (22-82). The most common causes of enucleation were trauma and malignant melanoma. The time interval from surgery/enucleation was 24.4 years for trauma etiology. After enucleation for malignant melanoma, the time interval was 4.2 years. In the 49 patients, 61 surgical procedures were performed to improve stability of the prosthesis. Lateral tarsorrhaphy was performed in 10 cases, 4 of which were combined with an orbital periosteal sling. Horizontal shortening of the lower eyelid was performed in 24 cases, 18 times separately and 6 times in combination with another procedure on the lower eyelid. Upper eyelid droop surgery was performed 8 times, including 5 times separately. Surgery for increasing the volume of the conjunctival sac with amniotic membrane transplantation was performed in 17 cases, 7x separately and 9x in combination with procedures on the lower eyelid . 44 patients underwent 1 surgical procedure, 4 patients underwent 2 procedures, and 3 patients underwent 3 procedures. Three patients also underwent hyaluronic acid injection to supplement the volume of the conjunctival sac. Cosmetically, the result and stability of the ocular prosthesis was achieved in 47 patients out of 49, 2 patients did not attend further procedures. CONCLUSION: Conjunctival sac changes with instability of the ocular prosthesis have a significant functional and psychological consequences. The causes of instability are varied, which influences the choice of surgical procedures. The surgical procedures presented in this paper may be effective separately, or a combination of them may be required.
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Childhood.
Chrapek O, Šuráňová M, Chovancová V … +4 more , Sičová K, Březík M, Vysloužilová D, Matušková V
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 40125782 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: To retrospectively evaluate the anatomical and functional success of surgical treatment for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in pediatric patients aged 18 years and younger. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study i...
AIMS: To retrospectively evaluate the anatomical and functional success of surgical treatment for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in pediatric patients aged 18 years and younger. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study includes 14 eyes of 14 patients, 9 (64%) of whom were males, with an average age of 12 years. All patients underwent surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) performed by a single surgeon at the Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Brno, and Masaryk University, from July 1, 2019, to June 30, 2024. The surgical techniques used included cryosurgery and 25G+ pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). In 3 patients a 25G+ PPV was combined with pre-equatorial scleral buckling. A history of blunt ocular trauma was permissible. The cause of RRD was retinal tear(s), regardless of their number or location. The transparency of the anterior segment enabled reliable visualization of the posterior segment. Preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grades A-D2 were acceptable. Patients with a history of penetrating ocular trauma were excluded. Anatomical success was defined as complete retinal reattachment. Each patient's final visual acuity (VA) was assessed using a Snellen chart. Numerical outcomes were expressed as arithmetic means and percentages. Since no comparative analysis was conducted between different groups, statistical tests were not required. RESULTS: In 13 patients (93%), complete retinal reattachment was achieved. In 1 patient (7%), the retina became detached again after silicone oil removal, with rapid progression of PVR, leading to anatomical treatment failure due to inoperability. A total of 11 patients (78%) achieved visual acuity (VA) of ≥ 4/40. CONCLUSION: We consider cryosurgical techniques utilizing episclerally fixed encircling bands and buckles, 25G+ PPV, and potentially a combination thereof as appropriate methods for managing RRD in children.
Vessel density and retinal nerve fiber layer in pathological intraocular pressure.
Král J, Lešták J, Fůs M
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 40125781 · Publisher ↗
AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the correlation between intraocular pressure (IOP) and thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and vascular density (VD) in the optic nerve. MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY:...
AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the correlation between intraocular pressure (IOP) and thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and vascular density (VD) in the optic nerve. MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY: IOP was greater than 21 mmHg (21-36 mmHg) in all eyes and was measured as the result of an average of three measurements with the instrument Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA, Reichert). RNFL and VD thickness (in the papillary region of 4.5 x 4.5 mm) was measured with the instrument Avanti RTVue XR (Optovue). In the case of the VD, the scan area was further separated into individual anatomical segments. In the case of corrected RNFL (RNFLc), the VD value was subtracted from the total RNFL value. The relationship of IOP to VD, RNFL and RNFLc in each peripapillary segment was determined using a Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The most significant correlation with IOP was observed for small vessel VD in a full scan (r = -0.48) and VD in the IT segment (r = -0.48). A similar correlation was observed for IOP and RNFL (r = -0.42). No statistically significant correlation was observed for RNFLc. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that VD values, specifically WI-VDs and peripapillary VDs in the IT segment, are significant markers for the early diagnosis of glaucoma.
Possibilities of Using Corneal Stromal Lenticules Obtained During ReLEx SMILE Refractive Surgery for Transplantation Purposes. A Review.
Klimešová YM, Netuková M, Baxant AD … +2 more , Poláchová M, Studený P
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 39927507 · Publisher ↗
A corneal stromal lenticule (CSL) is a part of the corneal stroma that forms as a waste product during the refractive surgery ReLEx SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction) and is no longer used. With the increasing n...
A corneal stromal lenticule (CSL) is a part of the corneal stroma that forms as a waste product during the refractive surgery ReLEx SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction) and is no longer used. With the increasing number of ReLEx SMILE procedures and the number of potentially available CSLs, two main aspects of their usage are currently being investigated. The first aspect includes the biological properties of CSLs and their proper preservation with respect to long-term storage. The second aspect is related to the potential clinical use of CSLs. As a high-quality biomaterial, CSLs have substantial potential to be used for alternative solutions in the treatment of specific eye diseases. In a number of studies it has been shown that RSL transplantation could be a safe and effective method that does not cause any serious complications, for example in terms of immune reaction. The aim of this article is to present an overview of the possibilities for using CSLs for transplantation purposes, and at the same time to discuss our methodology for processing and preserving CSLs with the protocol used at the Eye Tissue Bank of the Královské Vinohrady University Hospital.
Sleeping Behavior and Keratoconus: A Scoping Review.
Tello A, Navarro PA, Pedraza-Concha A … +2 more , Villamizar SJ, Galvis V
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 39891558 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: This scoping review was conducted to investigate whether nocturnal eye compression from inappropriate sleeping postures may contribute to the development or asymmetry of keratoconus (KC), by examining the associati...
AIMS: This scoping review was conducted to investigate whether nocturnal eye compression from inappropriate sleeping postures may contribute to the development or asymmetry of keratoconus (KC), by examining the association between sleeping positions and KC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic search of CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, ClinicalTrials.gov, gray literature, and selected journals from inception to January 18, 2023, was undertaken. RESULTS: Ten studies involving 2 322 participants met inclusion criteria. These studies were categorized into analytical and non-analytical designs to evaluate the relationship between prone, lateral, or supine sleeping positions and KC presence or asymmetry. Among the included studies, 50% were non-analytical, all indicating a correlation between KC parameters and nocturnal eye compression. In contrast, a statistically significant association between sleeping positions and KC risk was reported in 3 out of 5 analytical studies (60%). CONCLUSION: Findings suggest a possible link between prone or lateral sleeping positions and KC development or asymmetry, implying that these positions may increase corneal biomechanical stress during sleep. However, the association was confirmed in only 60% of analytical studies. The review highlights the necessity for additional research to validate these findings and to explore potential causal mechanisms between sleeping positions and KC.
Internal Limiting Membrane Dehiscence and Rouleaux Formation in a Case with Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion and Macular Edema Treated with a Single Dexamethasone Implant Administration. A Case Report.
Köksaldı S, Ahmadova N, Avcı R … +1 more , Saatci OA
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 39891557 · Publisher ↗
A 70-year-old woman was examined with a 10-day history of photopsia and floaters in her left eye. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in both eyes, with a normal intraocular pressure and some nuclear sclerosis. Sp...
A 70-year-old woman was examined with a 10-day history of photopsia and floaters in her left eye. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in both eyes, with a normal intraocular pressure and some nuclear sclerosis. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography revealed a separated posterior vitreous, with a rolled internal limiting membrane flap and inner retinal dimples in the left eye. Optical coherence tomography angiography demonstrated reduced vessel density in both the superficial and deep capillary plexuses of the left fundus. Sixteen months earlier, she had received a single intravitreal Dexamethasone implant injection, due to inferotemporal branch retinal vein occlusion-related macular edema. A diagnosis of internal limiting membrane tear following an uneventful posterior vitreous detachment was reached and no treatment was recommended.
Efficacy and Safety of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in Treatment-Resistant Diabetic Macular Edema: Six-month Results.
Berhuni M, Yılmaz İE, Gizem GS … +2 more , Özcan ZÖ, Doğan L
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 39891556 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: To investigate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal Dexamethasone implant (DEX-I) therapy in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) refractory to intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This...
AIMS: To investigate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal Dexamethasone implant (DEX-I) therapy in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) refractory to intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective and cross-sectional study included 37 eyes of 37 patients who received 3 loading doses of IVB injections for DME with no response and underwent DEX-I implant. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements and central foveal thickness (CFT) measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were recorded and compared before DEX-I, at the first week, first, second, third and sixth months. Duration of DME, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, DME types and lens status (phakic, pseudophakic) were also recorded. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 61.14 ±8.69 years (59.5% male, 40.5% female). 35.1% of the patients had cystoid macular edema, 64.9% had diffuse macular edema and 73 % were phakic and 27% were pseudophakic. BCVA, CFT and IOP values before DEX-I injection were 0.78 ±0.16 LogMAR, 493.73 ±107.6 µm and 13.05 ±2.59 mmHg, respectively. At 6 months after DEX-I, BCVA, CFT and IOP values were 0.64 ±0.11 LogMAR, 397.35 ±59.72 µm and 16.3 ±2.51 mmHg, respectively. In all follow-ups, there was a significant improvement in BCVA, a significant decrease in CFT and a significant increase in IOP compared to pre-injection. Ocular hypertension was observed in 0.8 % of patients and progression of cataract progression in 1% of patients after treatment. CONCLUSION: DEX-I therapy is an effective and safe treatment option for DME refractory to IVB treatment.
Modern Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Ocular Surface Disease in Type 1 Diabetes. A Pilot Study.
Štorm J, Burdová MČ, Uhlík J … +4 more , Minaříková M, Lainová TV, Hložánek M, Mahelková G
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 39891555 · Publisher ↗
UNLABELLED: Patients with dry eye syndrome form a significant proportion of those treated in everyday ophthalmology practice. Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for the development of dry eye syndrome. Changes in t...
UNLABELLED: Patients with dry eye syndrome form a significant proportion of those treated in everyday ophthalmology practice. Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for the development of dry eye syndrome. Changes in tear film homeostasis, chronic inflammation and subsequent corneal nerve fiber pathology play a key role in its progression. The aim of this study was to describe the status of modern biomarkers of ocular surface damage in patients with type 1 diabetes and asses their utility in early diagnosis of dry eye syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In total the pilot study included 19 patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 15 patients in the control group. All patients underwent a detailed ocular surface examination, sample collection for matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) laboratory analysis and epithelial HLA-DR expression evaluation, and in-vivo corneal confocal microscopy. RESULTS: T1D patients showed statistically significantly reduced corneal nerve fiber length (p = 0.0482). The differences between the groups in terms of osmolarity, corneal sensitivity, Oxford score, tear break-up time and MMP-9 level were not statistically significant (p = 0.8272, p = 0.6029, p = 0.3507, p = 0.7561 and p = 0.0826 respectively). HLA-DR expression was examined in 10 T1D patients and 8 patients in the control group. Both groups showed minimal or no expression (p > 0.9999). CONCLUSION: The previously published literature supports our finding of corneal nerve fiber length reduction in T1D patients compared to controls. However, we did not find any significant changes in standard or modern ocular surface markers (MMP-9 levels, HLA-DR expression) measured in patients with dry eye syndrome.
Evaluating the Influence of Eye Rubbing and Genetic Predisposition on Keratoconus in Bucaramanga (Colombia): A Case-control Study.
Duarte-Bueno LM, Tello A, Diaz-Martínez LA … +2 more , Escobar S, Galvis V
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 39891554 · Publisher ↗
AIM: To determine risk factors associated with keratoconus in Bucaramanga, Colombia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A paired case-control study was conducted at Bucaramanga, Colombia, between November 2022 and December 2023. The...
AIM: To determine risk factors associated with keratoconus in Bucaramanga, Colombia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A paired case-control study was conducted at Bucaramanga, Colombia, between November 2022 and December 2023. The controls were age- and sex-matched. Patients answered a questionnaire designed for this study regarding their family history of keratoconus, eye rubbing, atopy, sun exposure, and sleeping habits. Information from medical records was also obtained. Univariate and multivariate conditional analyses were used to test the significance of associations. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-six patients with a diagnosis of keratoconus and 312 controls were included. Univariate analyses revealed significant differences between cases and controls in the following factors: very frequent eye rubbing (OR = 20.9, 95% CI 6.2-70.1), a positive family history of keratoconus (OR = 13.0, 95% CI 5.5-30.8), a personal history of atopy (OR = 2.2), and nocturnal eye compression (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.0-2.7). Multivariate analysis showed a statistical significance for eye rubbing (OR = 6.9, 95% CI 3.8-12.5), and family history of keratoconus (OR = 10.3, 95% CI 2.3-44.9). There was a significant mild interaction between both, since when the two coincided the OR increased up to 74.1 times. CONCLUSION: Eye rubbing and family history of keratoconus were the most important risk factors for keratoconus in our population. Although it is impossible to establish causal relationships, our results suggest that controlling eye rubbing could be a potentially useful preventive measure, particularly in individuals with a family history of keratoconus. Other factors, such as sun exposure, sleeping position, and atopy, may play a role in the pathophysiology of the disease.
Easy Method of Pterygium Excision using Autologous Blood for Conjunctiva Autograft Fixation.
Silitonga RA, Silitonga HHT
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 39891553 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: This study was planned to explore the efficacy of autologous blood as a stabilizing agent for graft surgery in pterygium. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this observational, non-comparative, interventional study, the hos...
AIMS: This study was planned to explore the efficacy of autologous blood as a stabilizing agent for graft surgery in pterygium. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this observational, non-comparative, interventional study, the hospital data of patients who underwent pterygium surgery with autografting using autologous blood between October 2021 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The graft stability post-surgery and recurrence was studied. There were 37 eyes of 37 patients undergoing pterygium surgery with autograft using autologous serum. The mean age was 53.5 ±10.10 years. RESULTS: Pterygium included were nasal sided primary grade 3 pterygium, double-head pterygium and recurrent pterygium. Postoperatively, there were 4 cases of graft loss (10.8%). The mean time of follow up was 1.8 ±1.4 months (range 1 to 5 months). There was no recurrence seen in patients with graft intact. CONCLUSION: Autologous blood is a good and cost-effective stabilizing agent for graft surgery in pterygium.
The Success Rate of Persistent Primary Macular Hole Reoperations.
Rambousek J, Veith M, Penčák M … +3 more , Straňák Z, Ernest A, Studený P
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2026 · PMID 41644298 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: The aim of the study was to describe a cohort of patients reoperated on for persistent primary macular hole, and to evaluate the anatomical and functional results of the reoperated patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 4...
AIMS: The aim of the study was to describe a cohort of patients reoperated on for persistent primary macular hole, and to evaluate the anatomical and functional results of the reoperated patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 459 eyes of 390 patients were operated on for primary macular hole at Department of Ophthalmology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2023. We included 33 eyes of 33 patients in our retrospective case series, in which macular hole persisted after the primary surgery. Preoperative, perioperative and postoperative data of these patients were recorded, as well as initial and resulting best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), surgical technique, whether the first or second reoperation was successful. The minimum follow-up time was 90 days after the revision surgery. The statistical analysis included descriptive statistics to characterize the demographic and clinical parameters. Qualitative and quantitative variables were analyzed using means, medians and standard deviations. RESULTS: Primary surgery for macular holes was successful in 426 eyes of 357 patients (92.8%). The surgery was unsuccessful in the remaining 33 eyes of 33 patients (7.2%), with persistent macular hole. These patients underwent reoperation, which led to closure of the hole in 27 of 33 eyes (reoperation success rate 81.8% and total success rate of primary surgery and reoperation altogether 98.7%). Reoperation was unsuccessful in 6 eyes (18.2% of reoperated eyes and 1.3% of all operated macular holes). In 4 eyes a second reoperation was performed; in 3 eyes the reoperation was successful and led to an improvement of BCVA. The average BCVA of the successfully reoperated eyes was 65.2 ± 11.9 letters (ETDRS ±SD). In the eyes of patients after a successful second reoperation, BCVA was 56.7 ±8.4 letters, while in the eyes of patients who did not undergo further surgery (n = 3), average BCVA was only 39.0 ±11.0 letters. CONCLUSION: Reoperation of macular holes has a very good success rate and usually leads to an improvement of visual acuity. Improvement of visual acuity can also be achieved in patients who only achieved success after a second reoperation.
Chorioretinitis Associated with HSV-1 Neuroinfection Following Viral Infection. A Case Report.
Plesníková P, Kaššová T, Valášková J
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 41644297 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Chorioretinitis is an inflammatory disorder affecting the choroid and the retina, classified among posterior uveitis conditions. It is clinically manifested in central visual impairment, visual field defec...
INTRODUCTION: Chorioretinitis is an inflammatory disorder affecting the choroid and the retina, classified among posterior uveitis conditions. It is clinically manifested in central visual impairment, visual field defects, and in more severe cases may lead to irreversible loss of vision. Accurate differentiation between infectious and non-infectious etiologies is essential, as treatment strategies differ significantly. The prognosis depends on early diagnosis and timely initiation of targeted therapy. PURPOSE: To present a case of a rare form of chorioretinitis associated with HSV-1 reactivation following a recent parvovirus B19 infection. CASE PRESENTATION: A 35-year-old female patient reported to our center in June 2024 with acute deterioration of vision in her left eye. Her medical history revealed that approximately 10 days prior to the examination, the patient had suffered a viral illness with exanthematous manifestations, diagnosed as parvovirus B19 infection, which was managed symptomatically. A fundoscopic examination revealed inflammatory changes in the macular region. As part of differential diagnostics, fluorescein angiography, OCT, perimetry, serological testing and lumbar puncture were performed. A molecular analysis of cerebrospinal fluid confirmed HSV-1 by PCR. Antiviral treatment with acyclovir (750 mg i.v. every 8 hours, followed by 400 mg orally twice daily for 6 weeks) led to clinical stabilization and improvement of central visual acuity to 20/25. CONCLUSION: The presumed association between parvovirus B19 infection and subsequent HSV-1 reactivation indicates a potential immunomodulatory effect. This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and prompt therapeutic intervention in the case of viral neuro-ophthalmic complications.
Evaluation of Optic Disc Drusen Using Modern Imaging Paraclinical Methods.
Březík M, Kopecký A, Chrapek O … +2 more , Timkovič J, Němčanský J
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2024 · PMID 39709232 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To analyze patients with optic disc drusen (ODD), with emphasis on modern diagnostics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Research of the literature was conducted, together with a retrospective statistical analysis of pat...
PURPOSE: To analyze patients with optic disc drusen (ODD), with emphasis on modern diagnostics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Research of the literature was conducted, together with a retrospective statistical analysis of patients with ODD. The group included individuals with ODD diagnosed using at least one of the following (ultrasound - USG, optical coherence tomography - OCT, fundus autofluorescence - FAF). RESULTS: The group consisted of 12 patients (23 eyes), 7 women and 5 men. The mean age was 25 years. The mean observation period was 73 months. In total, 11 patients (22 eyes) had a bilateral finding and 1 patient (1 eye) had a unilateral finding. The mean age was 25 years. Buried drusen were confirmed in 69.6% of cases (8 patients, 16 eyes), superficial drusen were confirmed in 30.4% of cases (4 patients, 7 eyes). Mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and mean intraocular pressure were stable over time (BCVA p = 0.236, IOP p = 0.855). The aforementioned diagnostic methods proved to be equally effective (p = 0.768). In 11 patients (21 eyes) a depression of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) was recorded. We found a statistically significant decrease of the RNFL over time in reference to the normative database in the superior temporal (p = 0.015), temporal (p = 0.026) and nasal segments (p = 0.011). After separation of superficial and buried drusen the same significant change was found in nasal segment in superficial drusen (p = 0,031). We found no statistically significant difference over time between superficial and buried drusen (p = 0.109-0.999 for individual segments). CONCLUSION: ODD are common and visual functions remain stable. Their presence can be confirmed using modern paraclinical methods.
Comparison of Optical Biometry Data Measured with Lenstar and Anterion Devices.
Anwarzai Šulavíková Z, Palková N
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2024 · PMID 39709231 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare the results of preoperative biometric data measured with optical biometers of different generations in patients with cataract. Lenstar optical biometry is based on the princ...
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare the results of preoperative biometric data measured with optical biometers of different generations in patients with cataract. Lenstar optical biometry is based on the principle of optical low-coherence reflectometry (OLCR), and Anterion on swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 200 eyes (103 patients) were included in a prospective study at the Faculty Hospital in Trenčín the period from June 2023 to January 2024. We compared the results of 6 parameters: axial length (AL), mean keratometry (K), lens thickness (LT), white-to-white diameter (WTW), astigmatism (AST), and intraocular lens (IOL) power. The results were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The values of AL, AST, and IOL parameters between the Lenstar and Anterion biometers were consistent, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.593; p = 0.089; p = 0.069). The values of K, LT, and WTW showed statistically significant differences (p.
Screening and Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity at The Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology at The Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno.
Rozsypalová M, Autrata R, Šenková K
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2024 · PMID 39709230 · Publisher ↗
AIM: Evaluation of screening and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at the Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective evaluation of the medical records of premature babies, bo...
AIM: Evaluation of screening and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at the Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective evaluation of the medical records of premature babies, born in the period 2012-2022 and treated at the Neonatology Department and the Neonatology ICU at the University Hospital Brno. On average 150 children annually are put forward for screening of ROP. A total of 1694 premature infants were examined during the 11-year monitored period. RESULTS: There were 100 patients who reached the stage of ROP requiring treatment, and the results showed that the most endangered group were those with a birth weight below 1000 g. The gestational age at the start of therapy was also assessed. Treatment of ROP was most often carried out by means of a combination of laser photocoagulation of the retina and intravitreal application of anti-VEGF (35 patients), as well as monotherapies: application of anti-VEGF (30 patients), laser photocoagulation of the retina (28 patients) and cryotherapy (2 patients in total). None of the patients reached ROP stage 4 or 5. The number of patients in need of treatment in the past three years has decreased significantly. CONCLUSION: The article documents the screening and trend in the treatment of retinopathy of premature infants in recent years. Of interest here are the changes in the incidence of ROP from 2020, which reflect the positive development of neonatological care. Retinopathy of prematurity is still a disease that can lead to blindness of premature infants, but early screening and treatment can prevent this. Progress in the care of newborns born prematurely is also positively reflected in the incidence of this serious disease.
Retinal Vein Occlusion Guidelines.
Studnička J, Němčanský J, Vysloužilová D … +3 more , Ernest J, Veith M, Němec P
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2024 · PMID 39709229 · Publisher ↗
Retinal vein occlusion and its complications are among the most common causes of severe loss of sight in developed countries. In recent years, developments in imaging methods have been introduced, leading to an improveme...
Retinal vein occlusion and its complications are among the most common causes of severe loss of sight in developed countries. In recent years, developments in imaging methods have been introduced, leading to an improvement in diagnostic possibilities. At the same time new treatment options have become available (new intravitreal drugs and treatment protocols, laser and surgical methods). The presented guidelines summarize the current knowledge about retinal vein occlusion in order to standardize and update procedures for the diagnosis, classification and treatment of the disease.
Surgical Treatment of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in the Only Seeing Eye.
Chrapek O, Matušková V, Vysloužilová D … +3 more , Souček J, Sičová K, Březík M
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 39648041 · Publisher ↗
AIM: To retrospectively evaluate the anatomical and functional success of surgical treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in the only remaining seeing eye. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 28 eyes o...
AIM: To retrospectively evaluate the anatomical and functional success of surgical treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in the only remaining seeing eye. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 28 eyes of 28 patients, 19 (68%) of whom were men, with an average age of 46 years. They were operated on by a single surgeon for RRD at the Eye Clinic of the University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University in Brno, from July 1, 2019, to April 30, 2023, using cryosurgical techniques and/or 25G+ pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). In 11 patients, 25G+ PPV was performed with the application of a pre-equatorial cerclage. The Blunt ocular trauma and uncomplicated cataract surgery with implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens were admissible within the patient histories. The cause of RRD was retinal tear(s) regardless of their number and location. The transparency of the anterior segment of the eye enabled reliable visualization of the posterior segment. Preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grades A-D2 were acceptable. Patients with a history of penetrating eye injury were excluded. Patients were evaluated 1-3 months after the performance of PPV. The surgery was considered anatomically successful if the retina was completely reattached. Each patient's final visual acuity (VA) was assessed using a Snellen chart. Numerical results were expressed as arithmetic means and percentages. Since the different groups were not compared, no statistical tests were needed. RESULTS: Retinal reattachment was achieved in 27 patients (97%), while 1 patient (3%) experienced retinal detachment, resulting in anatomical failure of the treatment. 9 patients (32%) achieved VA ≥ 4/8. CONCLUSION: We consider cryosurgical techniques using episclerally fixed cerclage bands and buckles, 25G+ PPV, and possibly a combination thereof, to be suitable methods for treating RRD in the only remaining seeing eye.
Long-Term Refractive and Topographical Changes in Keratoconic Eyes after Accelerated Corneal Crosslinking.
Benca Kapitánová K, Javorka M, Vida R … +5 more , Ťažandláková M, Budinská M, Kralik M, Žiak P, Halička J
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 39648040 · Publisher ↗
AIM: To evaluate the long-term impact of accelerated corneal cross-linking (A-CXL) on selected refractive and topographical parameters in eyes with progressive keratoconus. METHODS: 77 eyes with keratoconus in 54 patient...
AIM: To evaluate the long-term impact of accelerated corneal cross-linking (A-CXL) on selected refractive and topographical parameters in eyes with progressive keratoconus. METHODS: 77 eyes with keratoconus in 54 patients treated with A-CXL (10 min "epi-off" protocol) were included in the analysis. Preoperative and postoperative (1, 3 and 5 years after A-CXL) values of the studied parameters were compared. RESULTS: In the cohort, there was an improvement in best corrected central visual acuity (BCCVA) 1 year (p = 0.004) and 3 years (p.
The Relationship Between Retinal Nerve Fiber Thickness and Retinal Functional Sensitivity During Oct and Static Perimeter Examinations.
Veselý P, Beneš P, Sokolová Šidlová J … +2 more , Záděrová P, Došková H
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 39648039 · Publisher ↗
AIMS: To demonstrate the relationship of dependency between the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer and the functional sensitivity of the retina in healthy young individuals. We also secondarily investigated the r...
AIMS: To demonstrate the relationship of dependency between the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer and the functional sensitivity of the retina in healthy young individuals. We also secondarily investigated the relationship between refractive error and mean retinal thickness in the macula. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The basic cohort contained 30 subjects with an average age of 23.4 ±4.2 years. These were young, generally healthy individuals without serious ocular pathologies. The average value of spherical equivalent in both eyes of all individuals was -1.2 ±2.5 D. We measured the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in the papilla area and the average thickness of the retina in the area of the macula using the device OPKO Spectral OCT SLO Combination Imaging System (Opko Health, USA). We performed a functional examination of the retina within an area up to 30° using a perimeter with a stimulus with a Frequency Doubling Technology (FDT) from the company Humphrey (Carl Ziess Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA). As a significant variable for comparison, we determined the mean value of retinal sensitivity deviation (MD). RESULTS: In our study, we did not demonstrate a statistically significant relationship between the average thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and the average value of retinal functional sensitivity (r = 0.18, p = 0.34) in either right eyes or the left eyes of the examined subjects (r = 0.20, p = 0.29). We also did not find a statistically significant relationship secondarily between the variable called the spherical equivalent of refractive error (SE) and the average retinal thickness in the macula in either the right eyes (r = 0.34, p = 0.06) or the left eyes (r = 0.18, p = 0.32). CONCLUSION: When comparing the average thickness of the nerve fibers in the papilla with the help of OCT examination and the functional sensitivity of the retina measured on an FDT perimeter, we did not find a statistically significant dependence in the group of right eyes or in the group of left eyes. We also achieved a similar result when examining the interdependence of the variables of spherical equivalent of refractive error of the eye and the average thickness of the retina in the macula.
The Effect of Retinal Tear Location and Internal Tamponade on The Success of Pars Plana Vitrectomy in Patients with Uncomplicated Retinal Detachment.
Straňák Z, Veith M, Dobaka J … +3 more , Penčák M, Helman K, Studený P
Cesk Slov Oftalmol · 2025 · PMID 39648038 · Publisher ↗
AIM: Retinal detachment is an acute sight-threatening condition that requires immediate surgical intervention. The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for uncomplicated rhegmatogen...
AIM: Retinal detachment is an acute sight-threatening condition that requires immediate surgical intervention. The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) between the different types of gases used, the position, and the number of tears. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a retrospective non-randomized comparative study of patients with uncomplicated RRD treated at the Department of Ophthalmology from March 2018 to April 2021 using PPV. A total of 494 evaluated eyes were included in the study. The anatomical success of the surgery was monitored with regard to the extent of retinal detachment, the number and position of tears, and the tamponade used. RESULTS: The success rate of retinal reattachment with a single operation was 90.7% (448 eyes), and the final anatomical success rate was 100%. A very weak paired relationship was found between the success of the surgery for tears in the 4-8 hours region and the 9-3 hours region (89.1% vs. 92%). Similarly, no significant differences were observed between procedures using SF6 and C3F8 gases for RRD with a tear in the 4-8 hours region (success rate 93.4% for SF6 vs. 89.1% for C3F8). The average postoperative improvement of best corrected visual acuity was 29.6 ETDRS letters, and a gain of 15 letters was recorded in 55.1% (272 eyes). Overall, the complication rate was very low. CONCLUSION: PPV is a safe and effective method for treating RRD. Extensive experience with this method allows the use of short-acting tamponades in selected patients.
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