Nutr Health [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Factor analysis on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Chalder Fatigue Scale sample of critical care nurses in Saudi Arabia.
Alameri RA
Nutr Health · 2026 Jan · PMID 41525233 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundFatigue and Sleep disturbance are common among healthcare professionals, particularly nurses working in high-acuity clinical environments. Poor sleep quality can lead to cognitive impairment, decreased work eff...
BackgroundFatigue and Sleep disturbance are common among healthcare professionals, particularly nurses working in high-acuity clinical environments. Poor sleep quality can lead to cognitive impairment, decreased work efficiency, and compromised patient care. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is widely utilized to assess sleep quality, and the Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS) is used to determine fatigue. However, their psychometric properties need validation within specific cultural and occupational contexts.AimThis study aimed to validate the PSQI and CFS among critical care nurses in Saudi Arabia through factor analysis.MethodsAn exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using data from a cross-sectional study involving 173 critical care nurses in Saudi Arabia.ResultsThe results of the CFS showed that the Average Variance Extracted values were 0.58 and 0.55, respectively, and all outer loadings of all items for the two components were greater than 0.5. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy for PSQI was 0.675, meeting the minimum threshold (≥0.6). Parallel analysis identified a three-factor structure, explaining 54.9% of the total variance. The total variance explained by the three components of CFS was 54.9%, which exceeded the recommended value of 50% as a general rule.ConclusionThe PSQI and CFS demonstrated validity and reliability among Saudi Arabian critical care nurses, validating their use in assessing fatigue and sleep quality. These steps can help develop policies and interventions that enhance nurses' health and productivity in high-acuity settings.
Dietary sodium and potassium patterns in adults with food insecurity in the context of hypertension risk.
Onugha EA, Banerjee A, Horahenage DV … +4 more , Nobleza KJ, Nguyen DT, Racette SB, Dave J
Nutr Health · 2026 Jan · PMID 41525227 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundFood insecurity is associated with an increased risk of hypertension.AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the role of dietary sodium and potassium intake in the setting of food insecurity on hypertension ri...
BackgroundFood insecurity is associated with an increased risk of hypertension.AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the role of dietary sodium and potassium intake in the setting of food insecurity on hypertension risk.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from 17,015 adults aged 18-65 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018). We examined the associations between food insecurity, hypertension, and dietary sodium and potassium levels using multivariable logistic regression. Mediation analysis was conducted to explore the potential influence of dietary sodium and potassium intake on the relationship between food insecurity influenced hypertension.ResultsIndividuals experiencing food insecurity had a significantly lower mean potassium intake (2.5 ± 0.03 g) compared to food-secure counterparts (2.74 ± 0.02 g). Food insecurity status was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of a higher dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio, an established predictor for hypertension.ConclusionAdults with food insecurity and hypertension were more likely to have lower dietary potassium intake. Increasing access to healthy foods, particularly potassium-rich foods, for individuals facing food insecurity may contribute to reducing the hypertension prevalence and improving cardiovascular outcomes.
Dietary polyphenols as anticancer agents: A review of recent advances and mechanisms.
Meer N, Elamin A, Mohammed F … +2 more , Bashir F, Tayyem R
Nutr Health · 2026 May · PMID 41505430 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundPolyphenols, a diverse class of over 8000 naturally occurring phytochemicals, are abundant in plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, and beverages like green tea. Recent stu...
BackgroundPolyphenols, a diverse class of over 8000 naturally occurring phytochemicals, are abundant in plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, and beverages like green tea. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted their anticancer potential, particularly their ability to modulate oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell signaling pathways.AimThis review explores the roles of isolated polyphenol classes, flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, and stilbenes against various cancers.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Scopus using keywords related to cancer, polyphenols, and antioxidants. We included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and other comprehensive reviews published between 2006 and 2025.ResultsFlavonoids constitute approximately 60% of dietary polyphenols and demonstrate antiinflammatory effects through reactive oxygen species scavenging, protein kinase inhibition, as well as antiinflammatory properties. Phenolic acids regulate apoptotic pathways and suppress oxidative damage, while lignans exert anticancer effects through hormonal modulation. Stilbenes, including resveratrol and pterostilbene, exhibit chemopreventive and epigenetic properties, enhancing the efficacy of conventional therapies.ConclusionsThe review underscores the synergistic potential of polyphenol-rich diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, in reducing cancer risk and supporting treatment outcomes.
Increased preparedness of dietetics students to serve transgender and gender-identity-diverse clients following case-based learning.
Phy S, MacDonald M, Anderson OS
Nutr Health · 2026 Jan · PMID 41505411 · Publisher ↗
Integrating transgender and gender-identity-diverse (TGD) content in dietetics education is essential for addressing knowledge gaps among future registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs). TGD populations have unique nutr...
Integrating transgender and gender-identity-diverse (TGD) content in dietetics education is essential for addressing knowledge gaps among future registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs). TGD populations have unique nutrition-related needs, yet there is limited evidence related to this topic within the field of dietetics. We aimed to explore dietetics students' perceived preparedness to work with TGD clients and experiences with TGD content through case-based learning. Graduate dietetics students ( = 23) engaged in a case study on dietary and health behaviors of an adult transgender woman in winter 2025. Students completed a survey about their perceived knowledge gained following the case and wrote reflections about further training opportunities and how the case informed their future career. Descriptive statistics were calculated for close-ended responses. A content analysis approach was used to analyze open-ended responses. Most participants ( = 21/23, 91%) found the case helpful in preparation for working with transgender clients. Participants agreed they developed dietetics competencies such as demonstrating cultural humility ( = 17/23, 74%) and implementing culturally sensitive strategies ( = 18/23, 79%). Themes were identified related to improving dietetics training opportunities related to the TGD population including more training, training on counseling skills, and more exposure to cultural humility. Themes regarding how the case informed career perspectives included individualized care, awareness of diverse populations, and realization that the field needs more evidence-based guidance. TGD content delivered through case-based learning positively impacted dietetics students' knowledge and confidence in working with TGD clients in future practice. Understanding students' knowledge gaps can help inform dietetics education to ensure comprehensive training and equitable nutrition care among future RDNs.
Initial experience with vitamin D3 supplementation on cognitive function in NPSLE patients in Bangladesh.
Sultana N, Ihsan MA, Adnan SM … +3 more , Kawser M, Arefin MS, Islam SN
Nutr Health · 2026 Jan · PMID 41505401 · Publisher ↗
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease often affecting the central nervous system, resulting in neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE). Cognitive dysfunction, a common manifestation, significantly i...
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease often affecting the central nervous system, resulting in neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE). Cognitive dysfunction, a common manifestation, significantly impacts quality of life. Vitamin D3, recognized for its neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties, is a potential therapeutic option for NPSLE. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluates the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on cognitive function in NPSLE patients. NPSLE patients ( = 72) of standard SLE care were allocated into an intervention group ( = 34) receiving vitamin D3 (40,000 IU) supplementation/week for 6 weeks, then 2000 IU/day for 3 months, and a control group ( = 38) without vitamin D3. Serum vitamin D3 concentration, mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores, and brain hypo-perfusion images by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were obtained at baseline and after 6 months of follow-up. Baseline characteristics (age, gender, BMI, waist-to-hip-ratio) were independent between groups. After the intervention, concentration of vitamin D3 (ng/mL) rose from 16.2 ± 4.9 to 28.3 ± 5.3 within the "intervention group" ( ≤ 0.001). Similarly, the mean differences of MMSE scores were significantly higher in Cases than Controls (2.2 vs. 0.3). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed large effect sizes for vitamin D concentration (η = 0.714) and medium effect sizes (η = 0.460) for MMSE scores. Furthermore, an insignificant ( > 0.05) shift (moderate to mild) of brain hypo-perfusion level was observed over time. Vitamin D3 supplementation effectively increased serum vitamin D concentration by supporting its role as an adjunctive therapy in NPSLE patients, leading to improvements in cognitive function and brain perfusion levels.
Increasing dental professional awareness of disordered eating behaviours and oral health impacts in people living with severe obesity.
Malik Z, Williams K, Cockrell D … +1 more , Collins CE
Nutr Health · 2026 Jan · PMID 41499350 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundPeople living with severe obesity are at an elevated risk of poor oral health. Contributing factors to poor oral health in this population group include cariogenic dietary behaviours and social determinants of...
BackgroundPeople living with severe obesity are at an elevated risk of poor oral health. Contributing factors to poor oral health in this population group include cariogenic dietary behaviours and social determinants of health. There has been minimal discussion of the possible impacts of disordered eating behaviours on oral health particularly for those living with obesity.AimThis short communication aims to increase the awareness among dental teams of disordered eating behaviours and possible impacts on oral health particularly for patients living with obesity.MethodsA short evidence-based report was developed to highlight the relevance and importance of increasing dental professional awareness of disordered eating behaviours.ResultsData on prevalence of disordered eating behaviours in the general population and individuals living with severe obesity have been reported. Some studies have revealed there may be a higher prevalence of some forms of disordered eating behaviours among people living with obesity. Potential negative sequelae on oral health include increased risk of missing teeth, periodontal disease, and active dental caries.ConclusionsCollaboration between the disciplines of oral health and nutrition and dietetics, and with primary care providers such as general practitioners, is important to foster successful nutritional strategies for both general and oral health in patients living with obesity. Suggested approaches include joint professional society statements and increased training for the dental profession on oral health impacts of disordered eating behaviours to facilitate early identification, provision of tailored oral health care and signposting for support. The integration of the dental team into current obesity management will add to their supportive role in the overall management of people living with severe obesity.
The influence of parental nutrition literacy and knowledge on sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among parents of children in elementary school in Nigeria: Cross-sectional study.
Ibrahim ZA, Lee H, Lee J … +1 more , Shim SY
Nutr Health · 2026 Jan · PMID 41490159 · Publisher ↗
High consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is associated with numerous adverse health outcomes, as they are a major source of added sugars. Parents play a critical role in shaping children's dietary behaviors,...
High consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is associated with numerous adverse health outcomes, as they are a major source of added sugars. Parents play a critical role in shaping children's dietary behaviors, and their nutritional literacy is particularly important in influencing SSB intake. This study examined the factors influencing SSB consumption among parents of elementary school children in Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 188 parents of children aged 10 to 13 years. Data were collected through a self-administered survey that measured the frequency of SSB intake, categorized as low (0-1 serving per week), moderate (2-6 servings per week), or high (≥7 servings per week). The survey also assessed nutritional literacy, SSB knowledge, and awareness of the recommended daily intake of added sugar. A generalized linear model with ordinal logistic regression was used. Approximately 66.5% of parents reported moderate SSB consumption. Chi-squared analysis showed significant differences across nutrition literacy variables: parents who frequently read nutritional labels, utilized nutritional information, and referred to nutrition facts consumed fewer SSBs ( < 0.001). In the regression models, SSB knowledge remained a significant predictor of lower SSB intake (adjusted OR = 1.34, 95% CI [1.18, 1.51], < 0.001). Although parental nutrition literacy is important, targeted knowledge about SSBs is a stronger factor in reducing SSB intake. These findings emphasize the need for culturally relevant interventions and school-parent nutrition programs that equip Nigerian parents with specific knowledge to reduce SSB consumption and support healthier family diets.
'How I cook with no kitchen': An investigation of how #microapartment kitchens are depicted on TikTok.
Mandzufas J, Lombardi K, Winter D … +3 more , Foster S, Hickling S, Trapp GS
Nutr Health · 2026 May · PMID 41490043 · Full text
BackgroundPhysical constraints of small apartment kitchens and the influence of the surrounding community food environment may impact food practices of apartment residents. Social media portrayal of these features may in...
BackgroundPhysical constraints of small apartment kitchens and the influence of the surrounding community food environment may impact food practices of apartment residents. Social media portrayal of these features may influence public perception of apartment living.AimThis project aimed to describe the public depiction of small apartment kitchen and cooking facilities.MethodsContent analysis of TikTok videos posted with small apartment-related hashtags was determined the portrayal of kitchen facilities, residents' food practices, and hypothesised barriers to healthy cooking and eating practices. Current residents of small apartments compared these video depictions to their own experience.ResultsWe found TikTok videos rarely showed food practices (cooking, shopping and eating), kitchen size and function were usually portrayed with a positive or neutral sentiment, and that overall the depiction did not match current apartment residents' lived experience.ConclusionPopular TikTok videos of small apartment kitchens present a glamorised view of microapartment living.
Subclinical thiamine deficiency is associated with traditional dietary practices among lactating women: A community-based cross-sectional study.
Bhat JI, Qureshi UA, Shah ZA … +2 more , Charoo BA, Bhat AB
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41468263 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundThiamine deficiency is an important cause of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. It is especially common among women who follow customary dietary restrictions.AimTo estimate the prevalence of subclinical th...
BackgroundThiamine deficiency is an important cause of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. It is especially common among women who follow customary dietary restrictions.AimTo estimate the prevalence of subclinical thiamine deficiency among lactating mothers following customary dietary restrictions and to compare it with age-matched controls.MethodA community-based cross-sectional study, conducted on healthy lactating mothers. Study subjects consisted of two groups namely "Exposure group" (mothers on customary dietary restrictions and "Control group" (mothers consuming more diverse diet). Relevant demographic and clinical information were noted. Thiamine status was checked by blood thiamine diphosphate (TDP) estimation using high-performance liquid chromatography. A TDP concentration below 90 nmol/L was considered as thiamine deficiency.ResultsExposure group mothers significantly belonged to lower socioeconomic class and had fewer years of formal education. Mean Maternal TDP level was lower in the Exposure group (148.5 ± 62.9 nmol/L) compared to the Control group (183.5 ± 76.1 nmol/L). 11.64% of mothers in the Exposure group and 3.5% of mothers in the Control group were found to be thiamine-deficient. There was a significant correlation between maternal and infant blood TDP levels.ConclusionWomen following customary dietary restrictions significantly belonged to lower socioeconomic class and had fewer years of formal education. The prevalence of subclinical thiamine deficiency was higher in the Exposure group mothers. These findings highlight the need for awareness campaigns to educate women of childbearing age on the importance of a diverse, balanced diet and thiamine supplementation during pregnancy and lactation.
Dichotomous thinking: Its relationship with eating attitudes and fat phobia in pre-obese and obese adults.
Özel S, Arslan M
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41468261 · Publisher ↗
Dichotomous thinking may cause individuals to classify foods as "good" or "bad" by oversimplifying their thought processes. This study aims to examine the relationship between the Dichotomous Thinking Scale (DTS) and eat...
Dichotomous thinking may cause individuals to classify foods as "good" or "bad" by oversimplifying their thought processes. This study aims to examine the relationship between the Dichotomous Thinking Scale (DTS) and eating attitudes in pre-obese and obese adults, as well as to evaluate its impact on fat phobia. Participants completed a survey consisting of questions about their sociodemographic characteristics and nutritional habits, the Fat Phobia Scale (FPS), the Dichotomous Thinking in Eating Disorders Scale (DTEDS), the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), and a 3-day food consumption record (two weekdays and one weekend day). As the "Food" subfactor scores of the DTEDS increased, the "Diet" and "Oral Control" subfactor scores of the EAT-26 and the "Total EAT-26" scores also increased ( < 0.05). As the "General" subfactor scores of the DTEDS increased, the total scores of the FPS, the "Bulimia and Food Preoccupation" and "Oral Control" subfactor scores of the EAT-26, and the "Total EAT-26" scores also increased ( < 0.05). As the "Total DTEDS" scores increased, the "Diet," "Bulimia and Food Preoccupation," and "Oral Control" subfactor scores of the EAT-26 and the "Total EAT-26" scores also increased ( < 0.05). Dichotomous thinking has been found to be significantly associated with eating attitudes and fat phobia and increases eating attitudes and fat phobia. However, dichotomous thinking has no significant effect on the total scores of the EAT-26 and FPS.
The interaction between the Mediterranean diet, obesity, and disease severity: A case-control study on psoriatic patients.
Konyalıgil Öztürk N, Kurtbeyoğlu E, Atuk Kahraman T … +3 more , Çiçek B, Çınar SL, Borlu M
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41468253 · Publisher ↗
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that can be influenced by nutritional status and dietary habits. In particular, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, is increasingly...
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that can be influenced by nutritional status and dietary habits. In particular, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, is increasingly being investigated in relation to disease severity and nutritional status. This case-control study, including 50 psoriatic patients and 40 healthy controls, aimed to examine the correlation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and disease severity, nutritional status, and disease presence in patients with psoriasis. The clinical severity of psoriasis was assessed using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and body composition was determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis. All participants' Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (PREDIMED) scores and 24-h food consumption records were evaluated. The body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and fat mass (FM) values of psoriatic patients were found to be significantly higher than those of the healthy control group ( < 0.05). The PREDIMED score of psoriatic patients was found to be significantly lower than that of the control group ( < 0.001). A negative correlation was observed between the PREDIMED score and BW, FM, and HC ( < 0.05). PASI levels decreased as PREDIMED scores increased (r = -0.314, = 0.048). According to logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for age and sex, the likelihood of being healthy was approximately 6.363 times higher in those with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet ( < 0.001). When psoriatic patients were compared with healthy controls, significant differences were observed in PREDIMED scores. Notably, greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with reduced disease severity, suggesting a potential mitigating effect even in the presence of obesity.
Sugar-sweetened beverages in India: Price elasticity, affordability, and taxation.
John RM, Gupta R, Goodchild M … +2 more , Sinha P, Visaruthvong C
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41468245 · Publisher ↗
Rising consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in India is a significant public health challenge, contributing to obesity, type 2 diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). SSB-attributable deaths exceed...
Rising consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in India is a significant public health challenge, contributing to obesity, type 2 diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). SSB-attributable deaths exceed 10,000 annually. The associated economic burden is projected to reach 2.47% of India's gross domestic product (GDP) by 2060. This study evaluates the impact of taxation as a policy instrument to reduce SSB consumption in India. Data from the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) 2022-23 household survey and Euromonitor retail sales data were used. SSB affordability was measured using the relative income price (RIP). A three-stage econometric model following Deaton's methodology was applied to estimate own price, cross-price and income elasticities using cross-sectional data. These estimates were used to simulate the effect of a uniform tax increase. Between 2015 and 2024, SSB affordability increased by 33%. The overall own-price elasticity was estimated at -0.8, with low-income households showing greater responsiveness (-0.97) than high-income groups (-0.77). Overall income elasticity was 0.48, rising to 0.59 for high-income households. Low-income households allocate a higher budget share (2.01%) to SSBs than high-income households (1.22%). Tax simulations suggest that a new 18.5% ad valorem excise tax could reduce consumption by ∼10% and increase annual tax revenue by 50%. A uniform 40% peak Goods and Services Tax (GST) had a smaller consumption impact. Findings support implementing excise taxes based on sugar content and a harmonized tax structure across SSBs. Evidence-informed fiscal policies are essential to mitigate NCD risks, as failure to act risks reinforcing harmful consumption patterns.
The relationship between adherence to healthy eating index diet and alternative healthy eating index with indices of oxidative stress in young women.
Bahrami A, Asadi Z, Ferns GA
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41468198 · Publisher ↗
The global prevalence of oxidative stress-related disorders is increasing; hence, understanding the dietary sources that are involved in maintaining high antioxidant levels gains great importance. This study aims to expl...
The global prevalence of oxidative stress-related disorders is increasing; hence, understanding the dietary sources that are involved in maintaining high antioxidant levels gains great importance. This study aims to explore the relationship between adherence to the healthy eating index (HEI) and the alternative healthy eating index (AHEI) with an antioxidant profile of young women. Diet quality was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire to calculate HEI and AHEI scores. The serum total oxidant/antioxidant status was evaluated by measuring ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance, and nitric oxide (NO) levels. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 155 women aged 18-24 years. While no significant associations were found between any parameters and adherence to AHEI recommendations, serum FRAP levels were significantly correlated with HEI scores ( = 0.297, < 0.001). Higher serum FRAP was associated with greater reported consumption of fruit, dark green vegetables, total vegetables, and empty calories, as well as a lower intake score for polyunsaturated fatty acids ( < 0.05). Linear regression analysis confirmed a direct association between HEI scores and serum FRAP levels (β=3.03, = 0.001). Overall compliance with a HEI diet was related to higher levels of antioxidant index in healthy young women.
Accuracy of polyphenol content information in berries: A comparative analysis of ChatGPT and Phenol-Explorer.
Sarıkaya B, Kaçar HK
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41417931 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundPolyphenols are widely occurring bioactive compounds in fruits and are extensively investigated for their potential health effects. The growing prominence of artificial intelligence tools in nutrition science n...
BackgroundPolyphenols are widely occurring bioactive compounds in fruits and are extensively investigated for their potential health effects. The growing prominence of artificial intelligence tools in nutrition science necessitates evaluating their capacity to provide accurate biochemical data.AimThis analysis aims to assess the reliability of two models ChatGPT-4o mini (free version) and ChatGPT-4o (paid version) in predicting polyphenol compound concentrations and their potential use in nutritional research and health applications.MethodsSeven different berries were selected for the study, and their anthocyanins, flavonols, phenolic acids, lignans, and stilbenes were queried in three different sessions using both ChatGPT-4o mini (free version) and ChatGPT-4o (paid version). The responses were compared with those from Phenol-Explorer, and the evaluation was based on relative accuracy (%).ResultsNo significant difference in relative accuracy (%) was found between ChatGPT-4o mini (41.36 ± 34.74) and ChatGPT-4o (46.23 ± 34.01) models ( > 0.05; Cohen's = -0.107). In ChatGPT-4o mini, the highest mean accuracy was observed for total polyphenols (68.01 ± 25.00%; significantly higher than flavonols, < 0.01), followed by anthocyanins (58.95 ± 32.68%). In ChatGPT-4o, anthocyanins showed the highest accuracy (65.36 ± 38.17%; significantly higher than flavonols, < 0.01, and stilbenes, < 0.001) followed closely by total polyphenols (65.72 ± 20.93%). Accuracy for flavonols, phenolic acids, and stilbenes was lower than for other compounds.ConclusionThis study shows that ChatGPT-4o mini and ChatGPT-4o exhibit varying accuracy in predicting polyphenols, with higher accuracy for common compounds like polyphenols and anthocyanins, and lower accuracy for flavonols, phenolic acids, and stilbenes.
Patient perceptions and adherence to hypertension management plans: A cross-sectional study.
Alanzi T, Arif WM, Aloufi N … +8 more , Alnami M, Al Asiri R, Alsharidah W, Alqarni BAA, Aldossary M, Alhusaini A, Abualqassim F, Alanzi N
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41416969 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundHypertension is a major public health concern in Saudi Arabia, with poor medication adherence and inadequate self-care contributing to uncontrolled blood pressure and increased morbidity.AimThis study aimed to...
BackgroundHypertension is a major public health concern in Saudi Arabia, with poor medication adherence and inadequate self-care contributing to uncontrolled blood pressure and increased morbidity.AimThis study aimed to assess levels of medication adherence and self-care behaviors among hypertensive patients in Saudi Arabia and to explore how patient perceptions-behavior, motivation, and self-efficacy-affect adherence.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 408 hypertensive patients using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) and the Hypertension Self-Care Profile. Data were analyzed using SPSS v29.ResultsLow medication adherence was reported by 88.2% of participants. Females showed higher self-care perceptions, while males had higher adherence scores ( = 0.0088). Younger adults (18-29 years) had the lowest adherence and self-care scores. Significant negative correlations were found between MMAS scores and self-efficacy ( = -0.251).ConclusionPatient perceptions, particularly self-efficacy, are strongly associated with adherence. Culturally tailored behavioral interventions are needed to improve hypertension management outcomes.
Barriers and enablers to a balanced diet among UK medical students on clinical placement: A qualitative study.
Karadimova-Watts MV, Jakeways N
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41396595 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundHow universities support medical students to attain balanced diets represents an important area to help students improve their physical and mental health, alongside their academic performance. Although dietary...
BackgroundHow universities support medical students to attain balanced diets represents an important area to help students improve their physical and mental health, alongside their academic performance. Although dietary barriers have been studied in the general population, they have been minimally studied in medical students; a group expected to give dietary advice in their future career.MethodsNine semi-structured interviews were conducted with fourth- and fifth-year medical students at a London university. Participants were asked about their perceived dietary barriers, enablers and strategies to tackle barriers and promote enablers. Transcripts were thematically analysed.ResultsThree superordinate themes were derived from the data: proximity to food options and support network, expenditure of limited resources and prioritising health and knowledge. Key enablers were social eating and feeling well-nourished, while key barriers were inaccessibility, increased time and costs. Some influences were both enablers and barriers. For example, peer influence: positive in instances of good cooking skills, but negative in instances of pressuring to eat out regularly. Additionally, participants suggested both personal and university-based strategies. Some personal strategies included splitting food costs and preparation amongst the household, whereas some university strategies comprised improving the variety and convenience of healthy food on campus.ConclusionMoving forward, the student-suggested strategies have the potential to improve the operational aspect of university-based dietary support; for example, including formal dietary advice and guidance in induction lectures. Through having a greater focus on student diet and nutrition, universities may be able to better nurture academic success, physical and mental health.
Exploring nutrition counselors' perceptions of a 6-week Nutrition Intervention Program in Cameroon, Africa: A qualitative study using reflective journaling.
Gonzalez Huizar V, Clark AM, Liberati K … +4 more , Nkwain NG, Mueller M, Lucas-Thompson R, Campain A
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41379571 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundCameroon, Africa, scores as one of the highest for malnutrition worldwide, significantly affecting maternal and childhood health. In response, the Cameroonian government pledged in 2013 to support nationwide po...
BackgroundCameroon, Africa, scores as one of the highest for malnutrition worldwide, significantly affecting maternal and childhood health. In response, the Cameroonian government pledged in 2013 to support nationwide policies that promote and protect breastfeeding and address malnutrition. To meet these needs, the Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services created the Nutrition Improvement Program (NIP) to provide nutrition counseling within their hospital system. The NIP trains nutrition counselors through a 3-month training and internship program.AimThis study explored the experiences of NIP trainees in Cameroon using reflective journaling.Methods39 participants documented their experiences during training through reflective journaling. Three researchers independently coded and analyzed the entries to identify common themes through triangulation.SummaryAnalysis of journals unveiled positive and negative experiences and highlighted seven main themes: feelings of fulfillment, self-evaluation and analysis, relationships with the NIP hospital system, their educational environment, resources, barriers to completing the training, and their overall perceptions towards their trainers. The journals unveiled a transformative mindset towards current and new exercises implemented into nutrition counselor training and revealed disparities and areas of opportunity to enhance nutrition counselors' practices. Trainees' reflections called for continued support of the NIP training and increased resources to support the ongoing battle of malnutrition.
Balancing protein intake: A randomized control trial of low, very low with alpha-ketoanalogue, and normal protein diets impact on quality of life in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients.
Mahapatra HS, Balakrishnan MK, Arora D … +3 more , Lakshman, Khattar D, Paul S
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41379554 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly impacts physical and mental well-being, and dietary interventions such as low protein diet (LPD) and very low protein diet (VLPD) with ketoanalogue essential amino aci...
BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly impacts physical and mental well-being, and dietary interventions such as low protein diet (LPD) and very low protein diet (VLPD) with ketoanalogue essential amino acids (KAEAAs) may improve quality of life (QoL) and slow disease progression.AimsTo evaluate the effects of LPD and VLPD with KAEAA on QoL in pre-dialysis CKD patients (stages 3-5).MethodologyA randomized, open-label study was conducted from 2022 to 2023 November at tertiary care centre, enrolling 199 patients with CKD3 to CKD5 (not on dialysis). Participants were allocated to normal protein (NP), LPD, or VLPD + KAEAA groups in stage 3, and LPD or VLPD + KAEAA groups in stages 4 and 5. QoL was assessed at baseline and after 1 year using the KDQOL-SF-36™ v1.3 survey, evaluating physical component score (PCS), mental component score (MCS), and domain-specific changes.ResultsAmong 199 pre-dialysis CKD patients, stage 3 participants showed significant decline in physical functioning with both LPD (p = 0.00) and VLPD (p = 0.02), while emotional well-being improved slightly. PCS declined across all groups, but MCS improved marginally with VLPD and declined in LPD and NP. In stage 4, both LPD and VLPD diets led to reductions in PCS and MCS. Cognitive function improved significantly with LPD (p = 0.03). In stage 5, VLPD patients showed marked improvements in pain (p = 0.00), kidney disease burden (p = 0.05), physical function, sleep, sexual function, and social support, while LPD offered only modest gains.ConclusionVLPD with ketoanalogues offers superior QoL benefits, particularly in advanced CKD, compared to LPD.
Non-alcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy in a thiamine-deficient population: A clinical and diagnostic perspective.
Nisar S, Muzaffer U, Kareem O … +6 more , Gani Z, Farooq O, Shah I, Wani M, Mehraj A, Peerzada AB
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41364475 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundWernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a neurological disorder classically associated with alcohol use, but increasingly recognized in non-alcoholics due to nutritional deficiencies, especially among vulnerable grou...
BackgroundWernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a neurological disorder classically associated with alcohol use, but increasingly recognized in non-alcoholics due to nutritional deficiencies, especially among vulnerable groups such as pregnant and postpartum women. The clinical diagnosis of Wernicke's encephalopathy is often challenging, as the classical triad of symptoms-encephalopathy, ophthalmoplegia and ataxia-frequently presents incompletely or may be entirely absent.AimsWE, although commonly associated with alcoholism, is frequently underdiagnosed in the non-alcoholic population and a delayed diagnosis can result in poor clinical outcomes. This study focuses on cases of non-alcoholic WE, aiming to evaluate the clinical and biochemical presentation in these patients.MethodsThis prospective study was conducted in patients presenting with acute confusional states who demonstrated clinical improvement following thiamine administration. Baseline clinical, biochemical and radiological parameters were recorded for all participants. A standardized questionnaire was administered and informed consent was obtained from all patients prior to inclusion in the study.SummaryA total of 18 patients were enrolled in the study. The patients presented with ataxia (100.0%), confusion (100.0%) and acute onset encephalopathy (63.2%). The MRI showed symmetrical hyperintensity in T2 and FLAIR involving mammillary bodies (38.8%), only periaqueductal grey matter (50.0%), thalami (44.4%) and periventricular third ventricle (38.8%). Nearly 33.0% of patients had signal alteration in all regions including the thalamus, hypothalamus and periaqueductal area and atrophy of mammillary bodies. Non-alcoholic WE is potentially reversible and treatment should be promptly initiated in patients, particularly in high-risk populations.
An anthropometric profile of children younger than 36 months and food provisioning in early childhood development centres in Tutaleni informal settlement, Walvis Bay, Namibia.
Kangwiya OK, du Plessis L, Fredericks N
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41359134 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundChildren under 36 months experience rapid growth, making proper nutrition crucial for their development and health. Early Childhood Development (ECD) centres play a key role in meeting these needs when parents...
BackgroundChildren under 36 months experience rapid growth, making proper nutrition crucial for their development and health. Early Childhood Development (ECD) centres play a key role in meeting these needs when parents are unavailable. Children spend 5-10 h daily in these centres, where they receive up to 70% of their nutritional needs.AimThis study aimed to develop an anthropometric profile of children under 36 months and assess food provisioning in ECD centres in Tutaleni Informal Settlement, Walvis Bay, Namibia.MethodologyA cross-sectional, observational design with a quantitative approach was used. A census sampling strategy selected 110 children from 13 ECD centres. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected, cleaned, and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 27. WHO Anthro software version 3.2.2.1 was used to assess growth indices.SummaryThe study found that stunting affected 8.2% of children, predominantly boys and those aged 12-23 months. Wasting and overweight each had a prevalence of 5.5%, while underweight was 4.5%. None of the ECD centres provided meals; all children brought food from home, commonly yoghurt (100%), bread with jam (92.3%), pasta (92.3%), fruits, cooked rice (84.6%), and porridge (76.9%). Feeding mainly involved bottles (92.3%), with commercial formula used more frequently (76.9%) than expressed breastmilk (23.1%). These findings highlight ongoing malnutrition concerns in the ECD centres, stressing the need for targeted interventions, including caregiver and parental training on optimal feeding, to improve food environments and support healthy child development.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe