Nutr Health [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Exploring the acceptability of seaweed consumption among pregnant individuals.
Landry AL, Rochette M, Bernier E … +6 more , Auclair-Mangliar I, Plante AS, Provencher V, L'Hocine L, Beaulieu L, Morisset AS
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41359061 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundSeaweed is a nutrient-dense, sustainable, and underutilized food source. Despite its growing popularity, little is known about its consumption and related perceptions during pregnancy.AimTo (1) explore percepti...
BackgroundSeaweed is a nutrient-dense, sustainable, and underutilized food source. Despite its growing popularity, little is known about its consumption and related perceptions during pregnancy.AimTo (1) explore perceptions of health, environmental concerns, and seaweed consumption among pregnant individuals; (2) characterize their seaweed consumption patterns; and (3) identify factors shaping their attitudes and choices regarding seaweed.MethodsData were collected via an online survey developed for this study, incorporating items from the Health Consciousness Scale and questions assessing perceptions, consumption patterns, and attitudes related to seaweed among 120 pregnant participants across all trimesters. Descriptive and qualitative analyses were conducted.ResultsIn terms of health perceptions, most respondents (91.7%) reported being actively engaged in their health, and a majority (81.7%) agreed that the healthfulness of foods greatly influences their dietary choices. Regarding seaweed consumption, 70.8% of participants had consumed seaweed at least once during pregnancy. In addition, 60.0% of respondents expressed a positive attitude toward seaweed.ConclusionsIncorporating seaweed into dietary recommendations during pregnancy may offer both nutritional and environmental benefits. Future research should prioritize rigorous safety assessments to establish evidence-based guidance for seaweed consumption among pregnant individuals.
Vitamin D status and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A scoping review.
Cubillos-Rojas DA, Duarte-Zambrano F, Barrero JA … +5 more , Gómez KN, Sierra-Guevara LD, Perea-Gutiérrez DM, Meneses-Rosero JE, Mockus I
Nutr Health · 2026 May · PMID 41359049 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundChemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a frequent adverse effect associated with platinum-based agents, vinca alkaloids, and taxanes, contributing to a significant increase in morbidity, reduced q...
BackgroundChemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a frequent adverse effect associated with platinum-based agents, vinca alkaloids, and taxanes, contributing to a significant increase in morbidity, reduced quality of life, and treatment of nonadherence. Evidence suggests that nutritional status, particularly vitamin D (VD) levels, could influence CIPN incidence and clinical manifestations.AimTo compile evidence on the association between VD status and CIPN incidence and severity in patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy.MethodsA scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Searches were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane for primary investigations published up to 25 September 2025.ResultsEleven observational studies were included. Based on the results from these studies, patients with breast or cervical cancer and VD deficiency receiving paclitaxel appear to exhibit higher incidence and risk of CIPN, highlighting VD levels as a predictor of CIPN development. Moreover, in patients with multiple myeloma on bortezomib, thalidomide and/or lenalidomide, and those receiving an oxaliplatin-based regimen for gastrointestinal tumors, lower VD levels seem to be associated with significantly higher incidence or prevalence of CIPN.ConclusionThese findings suggest a relation between low serum VD levels and an increased risk and severity of CIPN, hypothetically mediated by the neuroprotective, neuroregenerative, and anti-inflammatory properties of VD which could play a protective role in the development of CIPN. Future research should conduct stratified randomized controlled trials, standardize VD cutoffs and explore dose-response in high-risk groups, to elucidate its potential clinical implications.
Creatine supplementation and cognitive aging: The challenge of crossing the blood-brain barrier.
Machado M
Nutr Health · 2026 May · PMID 41359040 · Publisher ↗
Creatine supplementation has been widely studied for muscle health and aging. Recently, its possible effects on brain function and cognition in older adults have drawn attention, though consistent clinical evidence remai...
Creatine supplementation has been widely studied for muscle health and aging. Recently, its possible effects on brain function and cognition in older adults have drawn attention, though consistent clinical evidence remains limited. To discuss current challenges and limitations regarding creatine supplementation as a strategy for cognitive improvement in older adults. Not applicable (commentary article, no original methods involved). A key uncertainty is whether supplemented creatine crosses the blood-brain barrier in sufficient amounts to affect neuronal metabolism. Although some studies show modest brain creatine increases, methodological constraints, individual variability, and the absence of standardized protocols limit firm conclusions. Assertions of cognitive enhancement based solely on supplementation risk overstating available data. This commentary highlights physiological and methodological barriers and calls for rigorous trials using advanced imaging, standardized dosing, and integration with lifestyle interventions. Until such evidence is available, creatine supplementation for cognition in older adults should be considered a hypothesis rather than an established clinical practice.
Incorporating locally available food using linear programming to improve food-based recommendation for preelderly diabetic patients.
Tritisari KP, Sukorini U, Penggalih MHST … +1 more , Wirawan NN
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41342732 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Dietary adherence is essential for glycemic control in diabetic patients, yet cultural preferences, availability, and affordability often hinder acceptance of recommended foods. Thus, it requires food-based r...
BACKGROUND: Dietary adherence is essential for glycemic control in diabetic patients, yet cultural preferences, availability, and affordability often hinder acceptance of recommended foods. Thus, it requires food-based recommendations (FBRs) tailored to local contexts. AIM: This study identified locally available foods to develop FBR using linear programming (LP) in WHO Optifood for preelderly diabetic patients. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 174 type 2 diabetic patients aged 50-64 years in Malang, Indonesia, selected through multistage random sampling. Dietary data were collected over seven days using a 24-h recall, a one-day estimated food record, and a five-day food tally to capture habitual intake patterns. Optifood analysis incorporated demographic data, commonly consumed local foods, and nutrient targets based on Perkeni and Indonesian RDA. Dietary adequacy assessment used a modeled scenario using the 65% Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) threshold in the worst-case intake analysis. RESULTS: Several nutrients showed dietary inadequacy in the modeled analysis, rather than actual individual deficiencies. Protein, fiber, vitamins A, C, E, B12, iron, and omega-3 could be optimized to exceed 65% of the RNI using local foods such as tempeh, corn rice, moringa leaves, tongkol, kepok banana, and koro beans. However, calcium, vitamin B6, and zinc did not meet the 65% adequacy threshold. CONCLUSION: Locally available food was successfully incorporated into dietary recommendations, fulfilling eight key nutrients. Nevertheless, vitamin B6, calcium, and zinc remained below the recommended thresholds in worst-case modeling, highlighting the need for additional interventions such as food fortification or dietary diversification.
Maternal plasma folate, nutrients interactions, and the risk of orofacial clefts: A case-control study in a developing country setting.
Amoako M, Tonyemevor SA, Gowans LJJ … +5 more , Kwarteng A, Appiah CA, Obiri-Yeboah S, Sabbah DK, Donkor P
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41342716 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundOrofacial clefts (OFCs) are complex congenital anomalies influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, with maternal folate long recognized as a modifiable risk factor.AimThis study investigated the ass...
BackgroundOrofacial clefts (OFCs) are complex congenital anomalies influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, with maternal folate long recognized as a modifiable risk factor.AimThis study investigated the association between maternal plasma folate levels and OFC risk and assessed contributions of other nutritional factors.MethodsA case-control study was conducted in Kumasi, Ghana, involving 103 cases (children with OFCs) and controls (children without OFCs) (January to July 2024). Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires and 24-h dietary recalls. Plasma folate was measured with a Human Folate ELISA kit, and BMI obtained by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis device. Other variables included dietary intake of vitamin B, B, iron, zinc, BMI, and maternal age. Plasma folate was categorized as low (< 159.88 ng/mL), intermediate (159.88-293.06 ng/mL), and high (>293.06 ng/mL). Logistic regression assessed associations.ResultsLow plasma folate levels were observed in 52.4% of the case mothers versus 28.2% of controls ( = 0.0004). In the unadjusted model, high folate was linked to increased OFC odds (odds ratio (OR) = 2.192, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.081-4.447), while low folate showed non-significant elevated odds (OR = 1.229, 95% CI: 0.638-2.367). After adjustment, plasma folate was no longer significant. Independent predictors were dietary folate (OR = 1.009, 95% CI: 1.003-1.015), iron (OR = 0.871, 95% CI: 0.785-0.967), vitamin B (OR = 0.335, 95% CI: 0.118-0.949), vitamin B (OR = 0.751, 95% CI: 0.604-0.935), and maternal age (OR = 1.148, 95% CI: 1.012-1.302).SummaryPlasma folate alone provides an incomplete assessment of OFC risk. Considering maternal nutritional profiles as a whole provides a more comprehensive understanding of risk.
Design and validation of a context-specific nutritional screening tool for adult cardiac patients in Indian clinical setting.
Verma S, Sumana A
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41334890 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundMalnutrition is prevalent yet frequently under-recognized at hospital admission, particularly among cardiac patients. Current screening tools may need contextual adaptation for use in specific healthcare settin...
BackgroundMalnutrition is prevalent yet frequently under-recognized at hospital admission, particularly among cardiac patients. Current screening tools may need contextual adaptation for use in specific healthcare settings.AimTo assess healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding nutritional screening and to develop and validate a modified nutritional screening tool.MethodsA structured KAP questionnaire was distributed to 50 healthcare professionals. Subsequently, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 173 cardiac patients aged 30-60 years. The modified nutritional screening tool was applied within 24-48 hours of admission. Internal consistency was evaluated using the discrimination index (DI) and Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest reliability was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient.ResultsAn online survey with the response rate of 68% highlighted the importance of nutritional screening and the need for a tailored tool. Among patients, 35% were at low nutritional risk, 59% at medium risk, and 7% at high risk. Items with DI < 0.2 were removed. The modified nutritional screening tool demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.70-0.90) and excellent test-retest reliability ( = 0.97).ConclusionThe modified nutritional screening tool is a valid, efficient, and practical tool for identifying malnutrition risk in cardiac inpatients and is suitable for routine use in tertiary care hospitals. Larger comparative studies are recommended to confirm its applicability across diverse clinical settings.
Cross-sectional study of taste perception and related factors for healthy eating habits among Japanese schoolchildren.
Ando H, Kinouchi K, Watanabe H
Nutr Health · 2025 Dec · PMID 41334886 · Publisher ↗
Taste perception plays an important role in a person's food preferences. Promoting an interest in taste and developing taste perception are important factors for healthy eating habits. However, only a few studies have be...
Taste perception plays an important role in a person's food preferences. Promoting an interest in taste and developing taste perception are important factors for healthy eating habits. However, only a few studies have been conducted to investigate the association of taste perception with personal background factors, nutrition, and eating habits. To investigate the current status and associated factors of taste perception among primary school children in Japan through a cross-sectional study design. A total of 77 children aged 9-11 years participated in this study between July and August 2022. Taste perception was assessed using the validated "Taste Strips" test, and participants were classified as either having high taste perception if their total taste score was ≥9 or having low taste perception if their score was <9. Data on demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, eating habits, nutrient intake, and self-efficacy were collected through questionnaires and regular health checkups. Among the participants, 20% were classified as having low taste perception. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that family commensality at dinner (adjusted odds ratio: 5.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.1-28.0) and having a positive attitude (adjusted odds ratio: 1.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.0-1.1) were significantly associated with children's taste perception. Our findings underscore the importance of nutrition education and the home environment in supporting the development of taste perception, potentially guiding interventions to promote healthy eating habits during children's critical formative period.
A randomized, open-label, pilot clinical study to evaluate the effect of omega-3-enriched egg supplementation in healthy participants.
Benny M, Antony B, Kuruvilla BT … +2 more , Abraham G, Gupta NK
Nutr Health · 2025 Nov · PMID 41284764 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundOmega-3 fatty acids are beneficial for health. Omega-3-enriched eggs provide an alternative to enhance dietary omega-3 intake.ObjectiveTo evaluate the change in EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), DHA (docosahexaenoic...
BackgroundOmega-3 fatty acids are beneficial for health. Omega-3-enriched eggs provide an alternative to enhance dietary omega-3 intake.ObjectiveTo evaluate the change in EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and total omega-3 fatty acids levels in blood after consuming omega-3-enriched eggs in healthy participants and compare with regular eggs and fish oil capsules.MethodsA randomized, open-label, pilot clinical study allocated 43 participants into four groups as follows: Group 1 ( = 10): One omega-3-enriched egg daily, Group 2 ( = 10): Two omega-3-enriched eggs daily, Group 3 ( = 12): One fish oil capsule once daily containing 250 mg EPA + DHA, Group 4 ( = 11): One regular (control) egg daily for 30 days. The primary outcome was the change in EPA, DHA, and total omega-3 fatty acid levels in blood plasma on Day 15 and Day 30 compared to baseline.ResultsConsuming one omega-3-enriched egg daily for 30 days increased DHA levels by 63.66%. While fish oil capsules increased plasma DHA level by 91.48%. The highest increase in DHA was in the two omega-3 egg group (92.52%). EPA levels significantly increased (117.46%) in participants consuming two omega-3-enriched eggs daily, which was significantly higher than the fish oil capsule group (111.08%). Total plasma omega-3 levels increased by 97.41% in the two-enriched-egg group, compared to 13.37% in the regular egg group.ConclusionOmega-3-enriched eggs can be an ideal alternative for individuals who consume eggs but avoid fish/fish products.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinical Trial Registry, India (CTRI Registration number: CTRl/2020/02/023143).
The perception of the impact of smart infusion pumps on nurses' medication administration performance: A study in Saudi Arabia hospitals.
Al-Dossary RN
Nutr Health · 2025 Nov · PMID 41284704 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundSmart infusion pumps are widely adopted to improve medication safety, yet their effectiveness depends on nurses' perceptions, usability, and integration into clinical workflows.Study AimThis study evaluated nur...
BackgroundSmart infusion pumps are widely adopted to improve medication safety, yet their effectiveness depends on nurses' perceptions, usability, and integration into clinical workflows.Study AimThis study evaluated nurses' perceptions of smart infusion pumps in Saudi Arabian hospitals, focusing on learnability, memorability, efficiency, error management, and medication administration performance.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 249 registered nurses across nine hospitals. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics, -tests, and ANOVA.ResultsMost nurses reported daily pump use (76.8%). Learnability and memorability scores were higher among younger nurses, diploma holders, and those in the Central Region ( < 0.05). Efficiency differed significantly by gender ( = 0.041), while error management varied by gender and region ( < 0.05). Medication administration performance showed no significant differences across demographics ( > 0.05).ConclusionSmart infusion pumps were positively perceived overall, though regional and demographic disparities highlight the need for standardized training and stronger system-level support.
Inverse associations of dietary and circulating carotenoids with body mass index in adults: A mediation analysis from a large population-based cohort study.
Duc TQ, Khanh ND, Chi VTQ … +1 more , Huyen NTH
Nutr Health · 2025 Nov · PMID 41270127 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundThe high prevalence of overweight/obesity and low fruit and vegetable consumption in the United States underscores the need to better understand the role of carotenoids in body mass index (BMI) management. Whil...
BackgroundThe high prevalence of overweight/obesity and low fruit and vegetable consumption in the United States underscores the need to better understand the role of carotenoids in body mass index (BMI) management. While carotenoids have anti-obesity mechanisms, their influence on BMI remains inconclusive.AimThis study aimed to examine the association between total dietary carotenoid intake and the risk of abnormal BMI (≥25 kg/m), and to validate this relationship using serum carotenoid levels.MethodsWe analyzed data from 13,449 adults participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018 cycles, applying weighted multi-variable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) modeling, and mediation analysis.ResultsIndividuals with abnormal BMI-representing 73.3% of the cohort-had significantly lower levels of both dietary and serum carotenoids. After full adjustment, those in the highest quintile of dietary carotenoid intake had a lower risk of abnormal BMI compared to those in the lowest quintile (odds ratio: 0.798; 95% confidence interval: 0.678-0.939), a pattern consistent with serum carotenoid levels. RCS analysis revealed a significant non-linear association, with protective effects observed above inflection points of 12.37 μg/kg/day for dietary intake and 0.21 μmol/L for serum concentrations. Mediation analysis further indicated that serum carotenoids accounted for approximately 64.2% of the total effect of dietary intake on BMI.ConclusionThese findings suggest that higher carotenoid intake may be associated with a lower risk of abnormal BMI, potentially mediated through circulating carotenoids. Promoting carotenoid-rich diets may offer a promising strategy for obesity prevention, though further research is warranted to refine intake recommendations.
Satiety effects of high-fiber bread in healthy females: A randomized cross-over study.
Kavvalou K, Raikos V
Nutr Health · 2025 Nov · PMID 41264485 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundBread is an important staple food worldwide. Its nutrient composition can vary significantly depending on the grain type and the bread-making practices.AimThe purpose of this randomized cross-over study was to...
BackgroundBread is an important staple food worldwide. Its nutrient composition can vary significantly depending on the grain type and the bread-making practices.AimThe purpose of this randomized cross-over study was to determine the satiating effects of a high-fiber bread in healthy volunteers.MethodsTwo different types of bread with the same calories (238 kcal) were prepared, differing in their fiber content. The fiber-enriched bread contained 2.5 times more fiber compared to the reference bread. Volunteers consumed the reference and the fiber-enriched bread during two separate visits in a randomized order. The volunteers completed questionnaires using a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS) to assess feelings of hunger, satiety, and desire to eat. The questionnaires were filled out before the consumption of each bread and at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min after bread consumption. Data from 25 female adults with mean age 35.0 years and mean body mass index 23.1 Kg/m was analyzed.ResultsThe incremental area under the curve (iAUCmin) obtained from the VAS scores showed minor variations in the feeling of hunger (1.7%, = 0.94), feeling of fullness (-4.4%, = 0.58), and desire to eat (4.2%, = 0.38) between treatments. There was no statistically significant difference in the satiating effects between the two types of bread ( > 0.05).ConclusionThere was no indication that adding fiber to bread can substantially affect satiety. Future studies on fiber-fortified bread should analyze specific fiber types (soluble vs. insoluble) and standardize fat content between bread formulations.
Adverse events associated with single-ingredient folic acid in pregnancy: A descriptive analysis of the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (2004-2025).
Ogura T, Shiraishi C, Asakura A
Nutr Health · 2025 Nov · PMID 41264481 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundFolic acid supplementation is widely recommended during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects, with substantial evidence supporting its safety and efficacy. However, because adverse event (AE) reporting for...
BackgroundFolic acid supplementation is widely recommended during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects, with substantial evidence supporting its safety and efficacy. However, because adverse event (AE) reporting for dietary supplements is not mandatory, rare but serious AEs may go unrecognized.AimThis study aimed to investigate potential AEs associated with prenatal folic acid supplementation by analyzing reports from the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System between the first quarter of 2004 and the first quarter of 2025.MethodsPregnant women who reported AEs following folic acid supplementation were identified, and both AE categories and individual events were analyzed.SummaryAmong 3866 pregnant women reporting AEs, folic acid supplementation was identified as the primary suspect in 40 cases. Of these, 8 cases occurred at the recommended dose (0.4 mg/day), including 3 cases of pregnancy termination and loss; 9 cases occurred at above the recommended dose (>0.4 mg/day), and 23 cases had unknown dosage information. These cases included pregnancy termination and loss, congenital anomalies and developmental disorders, prematurity and low birth weight, and pregnancy complications. While folic acid supplementation remains essential for prenatal care and is considered safe at the recommended dose, the identification of rare but serious AEs even at this dose underscores the need for ongoing surveillance. Limitations of spontaneous reporting systems, such as underreporting and incomplete data-including missing dosage in many cases-may result in underestimation of the true incidence of AEs. Enhanced pharmacovigilance and prospective studies are warranted.
Growing green minds: Academic belonging and sustainable dietary behaviors among nutrition and dietetics students.
Canbolat E, Memic Inan C
Nutr Health · 2026 Mar · PMID 41264476 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundSustainable dietary behaviors represent essential lifestyle practices that encompass both individual health and environmental responsibility. It is suggested that students' connection with their academic enviro...
BackgroundSustainable dietary behaviors represent essential lifestyle practices that encompass both individual health and environmental responsibility. It is suggested that students' connection with their academic environment may influence the development of such behaviors. However, there is limited evidence, particularly in Türkiye, on the relationship between academic belonging and sustainable dietary behaviors among Nutrition and Dietetics students. This study addresses this gap.AimThis study aims to examine the relationship between the level of academic belonging and sustainable dietary behaviors among students enrolled in Nutrition and Dietetics programs.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted with 483 third- and fourth-year Nutrition and Dietetics students from universities in Ankara. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Academic Belonging Scale and the Sustainable Dietary Behavior Scale. Data were analyzed using t-tests, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analyses.SummaryA strong and statistically significant correlation was found between academic belonging and sustainable dietary behaviors ( = 0.57, < 0.001). Regression analysis identified academic belonging (β = 0.498, < 0.001) and age (β = 0.599, = 0.004) as the strongest predictors. Academic belonging was significantly associated with professional identification, higher GPA, and choosing the department as a first preference (p < 0.05). Awareness of sustainability and corresponding food choices were found to enhance both academic and environmental responsibility. Overall, academic belonging significantly influences sustainable dietary behaviors among Nutrition and Dietetics students, underscoring the need for educational processes that extend beyond knowledge transmission to foster environmental awareness and professional identity.
Evaluating the efficacy of probiotics in schizophrenia and depression: A meta-analysis of clinical outcomes and subgroup effects.
Tai XY, Tee SF, Tang PY
Nutr Health · 2025 Nov · PMID 41259365 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundSchizophrenia and depression are disabling mental disease conditions that have multifactorial pathophysiology involving the dysregulation of the gut-brain axis. Probiotics have been advocated as an adjunct ther...
BackgroundSchizophrenia and depression are disabling mental disease conditions that have multifactorial pathophysiology involving the dysregulation of the gut-brain axis. Probiotics have been advocated as an adjunct therapy that could have an impact on psychiatric symptoms by normalizing the gut immune mechanisms.AimsThis meta-analysis evaluated whether probiotic supplementation improves psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or depression.MethodologyA systematic search of multiple databases identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that tested probiotic interventions in these populations. Eligible studies were analyzed for pooled effect sizes, heterogeneity, and publication bias.FindingsThirteen RCTs ( = 893 participants) were included. Meta-analysis revealed no significant difference in PANSS score reduction between probiotic and placebo groups of schizophrenia patients ( = .546). However, a significant pooled standardized mean difference between intervention and control groups was found ( = .043). Significant heterogeneity was observed, and subgroup analyses indicated variations in outcomes based on geographic region and ethnicity. A potential moderating effect of vitamin D status was identified as a factor requiring future study.ConclusionCurrently, there is no evidence that probiotics consistently improve depression or schizophrenia. The significance of subgroup analysis raises questions and emphasizes the necessity of carefully planned, sufficiently powered studies to determine whether probiotic efficacy is influenced by particular populations, settings, or supplemental techniques.
Breastfeeding practices and attitudes among women in West Sumatra, Indonesia.
Fair F, Marvin-Dowle K, Taufiqa Z … +2 more , Lipoeto NI, Soltani H
Nutr Health · 2025 Nov · PMID 41259361 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundSignificant variations in breastfeeding initiation and continuation exist in different global communities. Understanding women's attitude and experiences about breastfeeding within different communities is impo...
BackgroundSignificant variations in breastfeeding initiation and continuation exist in different global communities. Understanding women's attitude and experiences about breastfeeding within different communities is important to inform optimum infant feeding practices.AimTo explore breastfeeding practices and gain insights into women's practices, knowledge and beliefs concerning infant feeding in West Sumatra, Indonesia.MethodsA mixed methods study was undertaken. Breastfeeding data were collected from mothers at birth, 6 weeks, 6 and 9 months of infant's age within a feasibility study of antenatal nutritional supplementation in West Sumatra (n = 158). Additionally, a convenience sample of mothers (n = 19) undertook qualitative semi-structured interviews. Interviews were analysed thematically.ResultsWhile only 84.2% of infants were exclusively breastfed within the 24 hours prior to hospital discharge, 93.7% of infants at 6 weeks and 64.7% at 6 months were exclusively breastfed. At 9 months 92.9% of infants continued to breastfeed. Qualitative interviews generated three overarching themes: (1) 'Mothers' attitude'. Women viewed breastfeeding as normal and natural and strongly valued the health benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. (2) 'Cultural perspectives' showed breastfeeding was the default choice within the women's communities. (3) 'Family and social support' found women received good family support and encouragement to breastfeed.ConclusionThe exclusive breastfeeding rate of 64.7% and any breastfeeding rate of 96.0% at 6 months in West Sumatra is noteworthy. Cultural values, family and social support along with a positive attitude reinforced by information and knowledge regarding breastfeeding appeared to catalyse high rates of breastfeeding. Further international comparative studies to provide insights into the underpinning social and belief constructs that may contribute to these positive health behaviours (or lack of it in other communities) is worthy of further investigation.
Early introduction of ultra-processed foods and their repercussions on inflammatory biomarkers in children.
Craveiro CF, Lopes MS, da Silva BF … +7 more , Brandini FP, de Almeida Barreto EM, Pereira de Lima PM, de Sousa Silva R, Gomes SM, Baccin Martins VJ, de Brito Alves JL
Nutr Health · 2025 Nov · PMID 41248130 · Publisher ↗
Excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (C-RP), IL-6, and TNF-α. To invest...
Excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (C-RP), IL-6, and TNF-α. To investigate whether the introduction of UPFs before the age of 2 years is associated with inflammatory markers in school-aged children (7-10 years). This cross-sectional study included interviews with children and their mothers conducted by a trained team. Anthropometric and biochemical data (C-RP), IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17a, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) were collected from children. Maternal reports provided information on family income, schooling, breastfeeding (exclusive up to 6 months), timing of food introduction, early exposure to UPFs (before 2 years), and birth weight. Statistical analyses included PERMANOVA and generalized estimating equations, adjusted for family income, BMI-for-age, and exclusive breastfeeding. The prevalence of early UPF introduction was higher among girls compared to boys (54.7% vs. 45.3%, < 0.001). Children exposed to UPFs before 2 years of age had higher IL-10 levels ( = 0.002), but this association was not sustained after adjustments. Early UPF consumption (before 2 years of age) was not associated with alterations in inflammatory cytokines in children aged 7-10 years. Nevertheless, considering the established links between UPF intake, metabolic disorders, and neurodevelopmental outcomes, continuous monitoring and dietary guidance during childhood remain essential to promote lifelong health.
The impact of time-restricted eating/feeding and physical exercise on gut microbiota diversity and functionality: A narrative review.
Gasmi M, van der Merwe M, Hardiany NS … +3 more , Zeb F, Hejazi M, Muscella A
Nutr Health · 2026 Mar · PMID 41248089 · Publisher ↗
Time-restricted eating/feeding (TRE/TRF) and physical exercise are promising nonpharmacological strategies to improve gut microbiota composition, diversity, and functionality. This review examines the independent and po...
Time-restricted eating/feeding (TRE/TRF) and physical exercise are promising nonpharmacological strategies to improve gut microbiota composition, diversity, and functionality. This review examines the independent and potential synergistic effects of TRE/TRF and various exercise modalities on gut microbiota, with a focus on underlying mechanisms and associated health outcomes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published between 2015 and 2024. Keywords included terms related to intermittent fasting, TRE, TRF, physical exercise, and gut microbiota. Eligible studies involved human or animal models and examined primary outcomes, including gut microbiota diversity, composition, and metabolic outcomes. The TRE/TRF has been shown to positively influence microbial diurnal rhythms, enhance microbial diversity, and increase beneficial bacteria such as Exercise, particularly aerobic and resistance training, enhances both α- and β-diversity, stimulates the proliferation of short-chain fatty acid producing and anti-inflammatory bacteria such as and , and improves gut barrier integrity. However, findings from human studies remain heterogeneous and are influenced by intervention timing, participant characteristics, and dietary patterns. Limited evidence exists on the combined effects of TRE/TRF and exercise, but preliminary data suggest potential synergistic benefits, particularly in improving microbial diversity and metabolic outcomes. The TRE/TRF and exercise represent promising, nonpharmacological strategies for enhancing gut microbiota and supporting metabolic health. While individual effects are supported by robust preclinical and clinical evidence, research on their combined impact remains scarce.
Physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake in people with severe mental illness: Results from a multicountry survey in India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan.
Tabassum TT, Mitchell A, Appuhamy K … +8 more , Aslam F, Garcia OP, Huque R, Khan SA, Muliyala KP, Tilala N, Vereeken S, Zavala GA
Nutr Health · 2025 Nov · PMID 41218009 · Publisher ↗
BackgroundPeople with severe mental illness (SMI) are at higher risk of developing non-communicable diseases, leading to increased comorbidities and elevated mortality rates. Their health often declines due to poor dieta...
BackgroundPeople with severe mental illness (SMI) are at higher risk of developing non-communicable diseases, leading to increased comorbidities and elevated mortality rates. Their health often declines due to poor dietary habits, such as low intake of fruits and vegetables (FV), combined with insufficient physical activity (PA).AimsWe report the prevalence of low FV intake and PA (as per WHO criteria) and their sociodemographic and clinical risk factors in people with SMI in South Asia.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted between June 2019 and January 2022 across tertiary mental health institutions in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan among adults diagnosed with SMI. We collected data on sociodemographics, body mass index, physical comorbidities, and health behaviours. PA and FV were measured too while logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with low FV intake and PA.ResultsAmong 3989 participants, the prevalence of participants who met the WHO recommendations for FV intake was 4.9% (196/3989), and for PA was 45.6% (1817/3989). Older adults (55 + years) were less likely to meet PA recommendations compared to younger adults (18-24 years) (odds ratio (OR) = 0.56, 95%CI = 0.40-0.80, = 0.001), and those with higher income levels had higher odds of meeting PA recommendations compared to those with lower income (OR = 2.23, 95%CI = 1.49-3.34, < 0.001). Additionally, individuals who reported adequate FV intake were significantly more likely to meet PA recommendations (OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 2.02-4.16, < 0.001).ConclusionA majority of people with SMI did not meet the WHO recommendations for PA and FV intake. The associated factors, including age, income, and dietary habits, emphasise the complexity of addressing health behaviours in this vulnerable population in South Asia.
The protagonist's table: Food in Japanese sports anime.
Nakamura M, Kakutani Y
Nutr Health · 2025 Nov · PMID 41218008 · Publisher ↗
Japanese animation, known as "anime," is a representative Japanese cultural export. Anime has been thought to have a potential impact on the eating behaviors of audiences. However, few studies have examined portrayals of...
Japanese animation, known as "anime," is a representative Japanese cultural export. Anime has been thought to have a potential impact on the eating behaviors of audiences. However, few studies have examined portrayals of food in Japanese anime. This study aims to clarify the characteristics of the foods portrayed in sports anime. Data were collected from 151 episodes of seven animated series, including sports anime featuring both male and female main characters produced between 2019 and 2022. Raters watched these episodes independently and selected scenes related to food. The total watch time of all episodes was 3,634 min. A total of 282 food scenes were selected from the episodes, which is comparable to a scene containing food occurring every 12.9 min. The mean duration of each scene was 14.4 s. Of the food categories portrayed, grains appeared most frequently (39.4%), followed by beverages (32.6%), vegetables (31.9%), and meats (25.9%). In the series about girls, the frequency of the appearance of confectioneries was significantly higher than in series about boys (39.0% vs 3.5%, < 0.001). Sports anime included numerous scenes in which grains, vegetables, meat, and beverages for hydration appeared. However, the frequency of the appearance of food categories varied depending on the characteristics of the series, the scenes. Further study is required to reveal the quality of the food portrayed in Japanese sports anime.
Comparison between the continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and multiple daily injection effect on dietary patterns among type 1 diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia.
Arishi A, Abuzaid O, AlFaraj F … +8 more , Al Guaimi HA, Al Argan R, Alradhwan S, Alkhalifah M, Alawami FA, Abualsaud M, Alyahya W, Metwally R
Nutr Health · 2025 Nov · PMID 41218005 · Publisher ↗
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) care in children relies on insulin delivery and diet. Evidence on how delivery modality relates to meal-related behaviors in Saudi pediatric populations is limited. To compare dietary adh...
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) care in children relies on insulin delivery and diet. Evidence on how delivery modality relates to meal-related behaviors in Saudi pediatric populations is limited. To compare dietary adherence patterns between continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and multiple daily injections (MDI) and examine associations with glycemic control (HbA1c). Cross-sectional study conducted at pediatric diabetes clinics at three hospitals in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia between September 2023 and March 2024. N = 92 children/adolescents with T1DM. Dietary behaviors were assessed using the Perceived Dietary Adherence Questionnaire (PDAQ) (days/week; reverse scoring for high-sugar and high-fat items). Key behaviors included low-GI intake, fiber-rich starchy foods, and carbohydrate distribution. Group differences (CSII vs MDI) and associations with HbA1c < 7% were tested (χ²). Daily water intake (6-8 cups) was also examined in relation to HbA1c and insulin modality. CSII was used by 40.2% and MDI by 59.8%. Dietary adherence did not differ by insulin modality (all > 0.05). Greater intake of fiber-rich starchy foods was associated with HbA1c < 7% (χ² = 11.742, < 0.05). Water intake was not associated with HbA1c ( > 0.05) but differed by modality (χ² = 7.246, < 0.05). In this cohort of Saudi children and adolescents with T1DM, insulin modality was not associated with overall dietary adherence; however, fiber-forward starch choices were linked to improved glycemia. Pediatric care should emphasize skills-based nutrition education (carbohydrate distribution, lower-GI, fiber-rich starches) across modalities. The modality-related hydration difference warrants an adjusted, longitudinal evaluation.
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