J Atten Disord [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Transitioning From Pediatric to Adult Psychiatric Care for ADHD in Sweden: A Nationwide Study.
Giacobini M, Zhao J, Freilich J … +3 more , Malmgren C, Wallin Bernhardsson N, Ahnemark E
J Atten Disord · 2025 Feb · PMID 39720843 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate care transition and medication use in young adults with ADHD in Sweden. METHOD: Observational retrospective study of patients with ADHD from the Swedish National Patient Register, Prescribed Drug R...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate care transition and medication use in young adults with ADHD in Sweden. METHOD: Observational retrospective study of patients with ADHD from the Swedish National Patient Register, Prescribed Drug Register, and Cause of Death Register (2018-2020). Last contact with pediatric psychiatric care, first contact with adult psychiatric care, and medication use were described for ages 18 to 21 years, inclusive. RESULTS: Of 19,233 patients who had dispensed ADHD treatment, 85.8% had received adult psychiatric care by 21 years of age. The proportion of patients on medication was highest at age 18 years (80.1%), decreasing to 36.1% by age 21 years. By 21 years, there were significantly more patients on versus off ADHD medication who had received healthcare for autism, been prescribed selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors, and received adult psychiatric outpatient visits (all < .0001). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates declining ADHD medication use during the pediatric-to-adult care transition for patients in Sweden.
Evaluation of Motor Skills With Functional Dexterity Test in Children With ADHD and Comparison With Healthy Controls.
Akkaya N, Kabukçu Başay B, Urak Ö … +2 more , Başay Ö, Şahin F
J Atten Disord · 2025 Feb · PMID 39688034 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate whether the fine motor skills measured by the Functional Dexterity Test (FDT) in ADHD children differ from healthy controls. The second aim was to assess the applicability of the...
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate whether the fine motor skills measured by the Functional Dexterity Test (FDT) in ADHD children differ from healthy controls. The second aim was to assess the applicability of the FDT assessment method among ADHD children. METHOD: The FDT results as an objective assessment of hand skills were compared between 7 and 17 years old ADHD cases ( = 146) and age and gender-matched healthy controls ( = 213). RESULTS: We found lower dominant and non-dominant processing time (respectively for dominant hand and non-dominant hand = .001, effect size Cliff's Delta = .22; = .001, ES Cliff's Delta = .29), higher peg processing speed ( = .001, ES Cliff's Delta = .23; = .001, ES Cliff's Delta = .29), higher total error ( = .001, ES Cliff's Delta = .40; = .001, ES Cliff's Delta = .51), and total FDT time ( = .0017, ES Cliff's Delta = .14; = .011, ES Cliff's Delta = .16) in ADHD patients compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSION: Manual dexterity evaluation would be helpful to detect the fine motor skill deficits of ADHD children. Although ADHD children were advantageous regarding speed, they were disadvantageous regarding processing errors and total process time. Therefore, the error time data should be considered in evaluating ADHD children, unlike healthy children.
ADHD and Academic Performance in College Students: A Systematic Review.
Pagespetit È, Pagerols M, Barrés N … +6 more , Prat R, Martínez L, Andreu M, Prat G, Casas M, Bosch R
J Atten Disord · 2025 Feb · PMID 39668738 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: The present study performed a systematic review of the scientific literature that deals with the academic performance of university students with ADHD, collecting the research conducted between 2018 and 2024....
OBJECTIVES: The present study performed a systematic review of the scientific literature that deals with the academic performance of university students with ADHD, collecting the research conducted between 2018 and 2024. Likewise, we aimed to know the factors that influence on academic performance and evaluate the tools used in the collection of ADHD symptoms and educational data. METHODS: The electronic databases PubMed, PsycInfo, and Scopus were used to search studies using PRISMA guidelines. Quantitative studies selected had to discuss about academic performance in college students with ADHD. For each study, quality of evidence was examined using the Quality Assessment Tool of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. RESULTS: Fifteen studies with good-fair quality were included in the review. These studies demonstrated that an ADHD diagnosis or significant ADHD symptoms are associated with lower academic performance in college students, particularly those with inattention symptoms. Additionally, factors such as executive functions, medication use, and study strategies also influence the academic performance of these students. The most commonly used instruments for the assessment of ADHD were the screening measures ADHD Self-Report Scale and the ADHD Rating Scale-Self Report Version. To assess academic performance half of the studies collected the Grade Point Average directly from university records, while in other studies, students were asked directly for their grades. CONCLUSION: Overall, ADHD has a relevant impact on the academic performance of university students, but the evaluation methodology used has some differences with respect to child's evaluations procedures. Therefore, studies in this population must include not only self-reported symptomatology, but also assessments from clinicians specialized in adult ADHD.
Functional Impairment Related to ADHD From Preschool to School Age.
Overgaard KR, Oerbeck B, Friis S … +4 more , Pripp AH, Aase H, Ingeborgrud CB, Biele G
J Atten Disord · 2025 Feb · PMID 39625105 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Children with ADHD often experience functional impairments across various aspects of daily life. This study addresses the dearth of longitudinal research on functional impairment trajectories from preschool to...
OBJECTIVE: Children with ADHD often experience functional impairments across various aspects of daily life. This study addresses the dearth of longitudinal research on functional impairment trajectories from preschool to school age in children with symptoms of ADHD and comorbid disorders. METHODS: We investigated the extent to which functional impairments were associated with ADHD symptoms, along with behavioral and anxiety symptoms, from age 3.5 to 8 years. Utilizing parent- and teacher-reported data, we analyzed associations between global impairment, and dimension scores (e.g., family; child quality of life (QoL); learning; play/leisure activities; and friends) and symptoms at ages 3.5 and 8 years ( = 783). RESULTS: The mean parent global impairment score increased from 0.31 (standard deviation () = 0.40) to 0.83 ( = 0.63) from 3.5 to 8 years, while the teacher impairment scores slightly decreased. Specific parent impairment dimension scores, particularly QoL, learning, and friends, significantly increased. Preschool ADHD and comorbid behavioral symptoms reported by parents weakly predicted impairment at 8 years. By age 8 years, impairment and symptoms exhibited moderate to strong correlations for all impairment dimensions. Parents reported greater child impairment during school age across settings compared to preschool, while teachers' impairment profiles remained consistent across ages. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that parents perceive impairment as more pronounced at age 8 years and more strongly associated with symptoms of both ADHD and comorbid disorders than at age 3.5 years. Notably, for teachers, a robust correlation between inattention symptoms and learning impairment was observed, with substantially higher impairment scores reported for boys compared to girls.
Emotion Recognition Accuracy Among Individuals With ADHD: A Systematic Review.
Shepard EC, Ruben M, Weyandt LL
J Atten Disord · 2025 Feb · PMID 39614669 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present systematic review was to consolidate findings related to emotion recognition accuracy among individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The review also examined emo...
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present systematic review was to consolidate findings related to emotion recognition accuracy among individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The review also examined emotion recognition accuracy assessment methods as well as the contribution of gender to emotional recognition accuracy. METHOD: A total of 43 articles were identified based on inclusion criteria using PRISMA guidelines for article retrieval. RESULTS: 58% of retrieved articles reported significantly decreased emotion recognition accuracy among individuals with ADHD relative to neurotypical peers, with either global or emotion-specific differences identified. Notably, studies finding a significant difference in emotion recognition accuracy were of significantly lower quality according to a quality review checklist than the articles finding no difference ( < .001). For example, when use of control conditions and multiple measures of emotion recognition accuracy were employed, no study found a significant difference in emotion recognition accuracy between individuals with and without ADHD. Regarding potential gender differences, not a single study included gender diversity beyond sex assigned at birth. The majority (86%) of studies included a predominantly male sample, with 15% including only male participants. While differences in emotion recognition accuracy were found between male and female participants in 7% of cases, future research is needed to identify the contribution of gender diversity.
Adult Diagnosis of ADHD in Women: A Mixed Methods Investigation.
Babinski DE, Libsack EJ
J Atten Disord · 2025 Feb · PMID 39588653 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine the experiences of women diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood. METHODS: Benefits and costs associated with obtaining the diagnosis were examined in two focus groups conducted...
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine the experiences of women diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood. METHODS: Benefits and costs associated with obtaining the diagnosis were examined in two focus groups conducted virtually. Factors hindering and facilitating the identification, assessment, and subsequent treatment of ADHD were also explored. Focus groups were conducted virtually and together included 14 women ( = 39.43, = 6.37) who were diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood. RESULTS: The majority of women described numerous benefits of receiving a diagnosis of ADHD, including validation/self-compassion, adaptive coping, and social support. Negative aspects of the diagnosis, including difficulties accessing care, the burden of care, limitations to existing evidence-based treatments, and stigma were also identified by some women. Furthermore, women described variable diagnostic experiences, with many indicating that they had not recognized their own symptoms of ADHD, as well as diagnostic complexity and other factors that masked identification of ADHD. Women described a range of diagnostic assessment procedures, as well as considerable self-advocacy to convince their providers to consider the diagnosis of ADHD. CONCLUSION: These lived experiences of women diagnosed with ADHD provide critical insight into improving clinical care for ADHD in women. Recommendations to increase accurate and timely identification of ADHD in women and advance efforts toward effective and equitable care are discussed.
Unmet Needs of Children and Young Adults With ADHD: Insights From Key Stakeholders on Priorities for Stigma Reduction.
Visser MJ, Peters RMH, Luman M
J Atten Disord · 2025 Feb · PMID 39545385 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Individuals with ADHD continue to face stigma, which can negatively impact their access to, adherence to, and quality of mental health services, as well as their overall wellbeing. Perspectives of various s...
INTRODUCTION: Individuals with ADHD continue to face stigma, which can negatively impact their access to, adherence to, and quality of mental health services, as well as their overall wellbeing. Perspectives of various stakeholders regarding priorities for stigma reduction remain underexplored. This study explores young adult, parent, teacher, and mental health care professional perspectives on unmet needs of children and young adults with ADHD in the Netherlands, in the context of stigma reduction. METHOD: A total of 24 respondents participated in seven small focus group discussions (FGDs). The FGDs facilitated in-depth discussions exploring stakeholder group perspectives on unmet needs of children and young adults with ADHD in educational, professional, and social settings. Data was analyzed using thematic content analysis. RESULTS: Three thematic categories of unmet needs were identified: (1) a lack of awareness, knowledge, and understanding of ADHD; (2) insufficient personalized approaches in education and health care; and (3) limited accessibility of information and support services. Within theme 1, respondents primarily highlighted the importance of improving education for primary school teachers and mental health care professionals. Theme 2 underscored the need for increased capacity for personalization and attention to the sociopsychological factors of ADHD, alongside recognizing strengths. Theme 3 emphasized the need for easy access to reliable information and mental health care, including peer networks, as well as proper follow-up and continuity of care. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Findings highlight the need for improving our understanding of ADHD as a complex biopsychosocial condition, which requires specific adjustments in education and mental health care. Interventions to improve support and disrupt stigmatization should meet diverse needs, incorporate multi-level strategies, and involve key stakeholders.
Exploring the Relationship of Dietary Intake With Inattention, Hyperactivity, and Impulsivity, Beyond ADHD.
Dalnoki L, Hurks PPM, Gubbels JS … +3 more , Eussen SJPM, Mommers M, Thijs C
J Atten Disord · 2025 Jan · PMID 39498688 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the association between dietary intake and ADHD diagnosis and its dimensions in adolescents. METHODS: In the KOALA Birth Cohort Study, 810 adolescents aged 16 to 20 years provided info...
OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the association between dietary intake and ADHD diagnosis and its dimensions in adolescents. METHODS: In the KOALA Birth Cohort Study, 810 adolescents aged 16 to 20 years provided information on ADHD diagnosis and completed a food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were extracted using Principal Component Analysis. Parents reported on ADHD symptoms using the Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised Short form, and the Impulsivity subscale from the Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire. RESULTS: The 80 adolescents with ADHD scored higher on the Snacking dietary pattern compared to those without ADHD, while they did not differ on Healthy, Animal-based, Sweet, or Beverage dietary patterns. All ADHD symptom scores (Hyperactivity, Inattention and Impulsivity, and ADHD-index) correlated with increased Snacking. Impulsivity was inversely related to Sweet dietary patterns and positively to Beverage dietary patterns. CONCLUSION: The results highlight the importance of considering ADHD dimensions beyond diagnosis in understanding adolescents' dietary intake.
Concussion Characteristics in Adults With ADHD Seen in a Specialty Concussion Clinic.
Johnson RS, Swann-Thomsen HE, Dillion N … +4 more , Palumbo EAC, Pardue K, Flint H, Nilsson KJ
J Atten Disord · 2025 Jan · PMID 39450679 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Concussions are a prevalent health concern, affecting millions of individuals in the United States yearly. Concussion symptomology overlaps with other conditions making diagnosis and management particularly c...
BACKGROUND: Concussions are a prevalent health concern, affecting millions of individuals in the United States yearly. Concussion symptomology overlaps with other conditions making diagnosis and management particularly challenging, particularly among individuals with ADHD. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects a significant portion of the adult population. OBJECTIVE: To enhance our understanding of symptom resolution and identify factors that could influence concussion care management, the purpose of the current study was to examine the recovery trajectory of adults diagnosed with both ADHD and concussion compared to the trajectory of adults who have experienced a concussion but do not have an ADHD diagnosis. METHODS: The study included a retrospective chart review of patients treated for concussion at a concussion specialty clinic. RESULTS: The findings of the study revealed no significant differences in history of concussion or recovery time between patients with and without ADHD. It was observed that patients with ADHD had a higher prevalence of anxiety, depression, and other mental health conditions. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the current study underscore the need for additional research to guide the care of patients diagnosed with both ADHD and concussion.
The Daydream Spectrum: The Role of Emotional Dysregulation, Internalized Stigma and Self-Esteem in Maladaptive Daydreaming Among Adults With ADHD, ASD, and Double Diagnosis.
Pyszkowska A, Nowacki A, Celban J
J Atten Disord · 2025 Jan · PMID 39431528 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: Maladaptive daydreaming (MD) is characterized by vivid, excessive fantasy activity that becomes prioritized over other activities and may result in avoidant coping strategies. Little is known about the relatio...
OBJECTIVE: Maladaptive daydreaming (MD) is characterized by vivid, excessive fantasy activity that becomes prioritized over other activities and may result in avoidant coping strategies. Little is known about the relationship between MD and internalized stigma in the neurodivergent sample. The current study aimed to examine emotional dysregulation, escapism and self-perception (self-esteem and internalized stigma) as potential determinants of MD in three groups: adults on the autism spectrum, with ADHD, and both diagnoses ("AuDHD"), including their neurodivergent symptoms (autistic traits, empathizing, ADHD symptoms). METHODS: A sample of 293 persons (139 with ADHD, 74 on the autism spectrum, and 80 with both diagnoses) completed self-report scales concerning ADHD symptoms, autism spectrum symptoms, empathizing, self-esteem, daydreaming as escapism, emotional dysregulation, maladaptive daydreaming, and internalized stigma. A correlation analysis was implemented. Additionally, a group comparison and quantile regression for the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile of maladaptive daydreaming in the three groups were executed. RESULTS: The results showed that internalized stigma, emotional dysregulation, escapism, and self-esteem have significant associations with MD in the neurodiverse sample. The ADHD group achieved the lowest scores in emotional dysregulation, discrimination experience, and social withdrawal. The groups did not vary in MD rates, stereotype endorsement, stigma resistance, nonacceptance of emotional responses, and impulse control difficulties. The AuDHD group achieved higher results than the ASD group only in the ADHD symptoms. Quantile regression revealed differences in the predictors of maladaptive daydreaming in the three groups. ADHD symptoms and self-suppression escapism were significant predictors for the higher levels of MD in persons with singular autism or ADHD diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The results showed no differences in MD rates, although there were significant variations in predictive features among the three samples. The role of internalized stigma and self-esteem was highlighted in the results as significant associates of MD prevalence. These outcomes expand the current knowledge in the context of maladaptive daydreaming, internalized stigma, self-esteem and emotional dysregulation in a neurodiverse sample and allow for proposing clinical applications and further research directions.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of Organizational Skills Training on Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in China.
Huang XX, Zheng LZ, Qian QF … +3 more , Huang Y, Wang YX, Ou P
J Atten Disord · 2025 Jan · PMID 39431479 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: In addition to attention and hyperactivity problems, children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have poorer organizational skills needed to manage time and materials. This study examines th...
BACKGROUND: In addition to attention and hyperactivity problems, children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have poorer organizational skills needed to manage time and materials. This study examines the improvement of organizational skills in children with ADHD by studying organizational skills training (OST). METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized controlled trial. Between September 2023 and January 2024, 70 children with a diagnosis of ADHD and at least one domain of executive dysfunction (EF) were divided into two groups. The conventional group was treated with medication, biofeedback, and behavioral interventions based on the children's actual condition. The OST group received OST in addition to the conventional group. RESULTS: The mean age of the children was 8.33 ± 1.62 years. A total of 66 children completed the intervention and follow-up, 32 in the conventional group and 34 in the OST group. There were no differences between the two groups of children in terms of their preintervention scores on the BRIEF, SNAP-IV, or IVA-CPT. Postintervention scores on the behavioral scales decreased ( < .05), and IVA-CPT scores increased ( < .05) in both groups compared with those in the preintervention period. The OST group had a lower BRIEF ( = .019) and SNAP-IV Attention deficit subscale ( = .046) and a higher IVA-CPT Attention deficit Index ( = .032) than the conventional group after the intervention. The percentage of children with a normal BRIEF total score in the OST group was 79.41% (27/34) after the intervention, which was greater than the 37.50% (12/32) in the conventional group ( = .001). Compared with the OST group, children in the conventional group were at greater risk of having BRIEF scores that remained abnormal after the intervention. Analysis of covariance revealed a statistically significant effect of group ( = .008), preintervention BRIEF ( < .001), and participation score ( = .036) on postintervention BRIEF. CONCLUSION: OST can further improve organizational skills in daily life in children with ADHD while improving core symptoms of attention deficit in addition to conventional treatment. The effect of OST on BRIEF is also influenced by the child's BRIEF status at the baseline level and the level of cooperation during the intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The randomized controlled trial registration number was ChiCTR2300075744.
Examining the Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and ADHD in School-Aged Children Following the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Boswell E, Crouch E, Odahowski C … +1 more , Hung P
J Atten Disord · 2025 Jan · PMID 39422221 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have long been associated with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) diagnoses in children; but the data used is now over 6 years old (from 2017 to 2018). Understa...
BACKGROUND: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have long been associated with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) diagnoses in children; but the data used is now over 6 years old (from 2017 to 2018). Understanding the current landscape of their prevalence and association is needed to capture evolving social, environmental, and economic conditions, and ensure interventions remain relevant to addressing current childhood trauma. OBJECTIVE: This study provides an updated analysis of the association between ACEs and ADHD using post-acute-COVID-19 pandemic data. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: This cross-sectional study of 10,518 children aged 5 to 17 years old derived data from the 2021 to 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). METHODS: Differences in the prevalence of number (0, 1-3, or 4+) and type of ACEs by ADHD diagnosis were evaluated using Rao-Scott chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. All analyses incorporate complex survey weights. RESULTS: In 2021 to 2022, 2,457 (23.3%) of children experienced ACEs and 1,115 (9.9%) had an ADHD diagnosis. Children with ADHD were more likely to experience every type of ACE and were more likely to have 1 to 3 or 4+ ACEs than children without ADHD. Children with 4+ ACEs had higher odds of having an ADHD diagnosis (aOR: 3.44, 95% CI [2.64, 4.49]) than children without ACEs. Male children, children with fair or poor health, and children living in rural counties were more likely to have an ADHD diagnosis, while children of color and uninsured children were less likely. We found the odds ratio of ADHD diagnosis for children with four or more ACEs, compared to those without ACEs, slightly lower than found in Brown et al., 2017's estimate of 3.97 (CI [3.29, 4.80]). These results suggest a consistent association between ACEs and ADHD when comparing pre-COVID data to our post-acute-COVID results. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the need for clinicians to consider traumatic stress in ADHD screening. Policymakers and early childhood organizations should encourage early screening and intervention for ACEs to reduce the impacts of ADHD diagnoses.
Relations Between Distinct Dimensions of Physical Activity and Preschoolers' ADHD Symptoms.
Shoulberg EK, Scott H, Martin CP … +4 more , Tompkins CL, Dennis M, Krasner A, Hoza B
J Atten Disord · 2025 Jan · PMID 39422203 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the unique and interactive effects of PA volume and within-person fluctuations in PA volume (i.e., intraindividual variability in PA volume; PA-var) on preschoolers' ( = 141; 47.5% girls) A...
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the unique and interactive effects of PA volume and within-person fluctuations in PA volume (i.e., intraindividual variability in PA volume; PA-var) on preschoolers' ( = 141; 47.5% girls) ADHD symptoms. METHOD: Preschoolers wore accelerometers during the school day over a 2-week period. Teachers reported on children's hyperactive, impulsive, and inattentive symptoms on the ADHD Rating Scale-IV Preschool Version. RESULTS: In the context of regression models, higher levels of PA-var were linked with lower levels of impulsive symptoms. Higher levels of PA volume were linked with higher levels of hyperactive and inattentive symptoms, but only when PA fluctuation (i.e., PAvar) was relatively low. Post hoc analyses with teacher-reported impairment as the outcome revealed a significant interaction such that the positive association between PA volume and impairment was stronger at lower, as compared to higher, levels of PA-var. CONCLUSION: Larger fluctuations in preschoolers' PA volume may indicate lower risk for displaying impulsive symptoms. Moreover, preschoolers with high levels of PA that remain relatively consistent throughout the day may be at increased risk for exhibiting hyperactive and inattentive symptoms and related impairment, suggesting they are unable to regulate their activity to meet expectations in the school environment.
Mindful Awareness Practices (MAPs) in Adolescents With ADHD and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS): A Pilot Open Trial.
Wiggs KK, Thornton K, Dunn NC … +4 more , Mitchell JT, Fredrick JW, Smith ZR, Becker SP
J Atten Disord · 2025 Jan · PMID 39402941 · Publisher ↗
Very few studies have investigated intervention approaches that may be efficacious for youth with ADHD and co-occurring cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) symptoms. This study examined the feasibility, acceptability,...
Very few studies have investigated intervention approaches that may be efficacious for youth with ADHD and co-occurring cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) symptoms. This study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a mindfulness-based intervention for adolescents with ADHD and co-occurring CDS symptoms. Fourteen adolescents ages 13 to 17 years (35.71% female; 64.29% White, 7.14% Black, 28.57% Multiracial) with ADHD and elevated CDS symptoms completed the 8-week group-based Mindful Awareness Practices (MAPs) program developed for individuals with ADHD. We collected measures of CDS, ADHD, mind-wandering, mindfulness, and other difficulties and functioning at baseline, 1-month post-intervention, and 3-month post-intervention to examine preliminary efficacy. We measured participant session attendance, session engagement, at-home practice adherence, and satisfaction of adolescents and caregivers at 1-month post-intervention to examine feasibility and acceptability. We also collected qualitative feedback from adolescents and caregivers at 1-month post-intervention. The intervention was overall feasible to administer, and caregivers and adolescents reported satisfaction with the intervention despite some difficulties with attendance and engagement. We observed improvements to both caregiver- and adolescent-reported CDS symptoms and ADHD-inattentive symptoms from pre-intervention to post-intervention time points, though findings across 1- and 3-month follow-up differed based on informant. We also observed improvements to some indices of adolescent-reported mind-wandering, mindfulness, brooding rumination, and academic functioning. For caregiver report, the only other noted improvement was for executive functioning. No improvements were reported by teachers. Findings support the initial feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of MAPs for adolescents with ADHD and co-occurring CDS symptoms on a range of outcomes. Larger trials with a randomized design are warranted to further examine mindfulness-based interventions for adolescents with ADHD and co-occurring CDS symptoms.
Adolescent-Reported Changes in Provider Behavior Following Pediatrician Training in Stimulant Diversion Prevention: Results From a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.
Molina BSG, Joseph HM, Kipp HL … +5 more , Pedersen SL, Kolko DJ, Lindstrom RA, Bauer DJ, Subramaniam GA
J Atten Disord · 2025 Jan · PMID 39402929 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To test whether pediatrician training leads to provider utilization of stimulant diversion prevention strategies as reported by adolescent patients with ADHD. METHODS: Pediatric practices received a stimulant...
OBJECTIVE: To test whether pediatrician training leads to provider utilization of stimulant diversion prevention strategies as reported by adolescent patients with ADHD. METHODS: Pediatric practices received a stimulant diversion prevention workshop (SDP) or continued treatment-as-usual (TAU) in a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Surveys were completed by 341 stimulant-treated patients at baseline and three follow-up assessments. RESULTS: In intent-to-treat analyses of patient reports, SDP adolescents reported more provider use of diversion prevention strategies compared to TAU. They also reported more parent-patient communication about diversion. Provider satisfaction with the training was strong. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatricians can make use of clinical practice strategies for the prevention of stimulant diversion following a 1-hr training; findings are novel given their reliance on confidential patient report of provider behavior and increase confidence in the results. Coupled with the positive provider satisfaction ratings, results suggest that this brief workshop may be an option for concerned providers that also has the effect of increasing discussion at home about safe use of stimulants.
Causality Between ADHD, ASD, and CVDs: A Two-Step, Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Investigation.
Zheng Z, Cai D
J Atten Disord · 2025 Jan · PMID 39402923 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: While observational studies have established a connection between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and heightened risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the ca...
BACKGROUND: While observational studies have established a connection between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and heightened risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the causal relationships are not well-defined. This study is designed to examine the causality between ASD, ADHD, and CVD risk as well as investigate the mediating factors through which ADHD and ASD influence CVD. METHODS AND RESULTS: Leveraging two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches and large scale GWAS summary stats, we examined underlying causal links between ASD and ADHD and the risk of CVDs. The analysis indicated that ADHD was related to an increased likelihood of developing coronary heart disease (OR [95% CI] 1.12 [1.03, 1.21], = .008), heart failure (OR [95% CI] 1.14 [1.07, 1.22], = 1.45 × 10), and large-artery stroke (OR [95% CI] 1.35 [1.09, 1.66], = .005). In parallel, ASD showed a correlation with a greater atrial fibrillation risk (OR [95% CI] 1.09 [1.03, 1.16], = .005] and heart failure (OR [95% CI] 1.11 [1.04, 1.19], = .004). Additionally, we explored the mediating role of CVD risk factors through two-step MR and multivariable MR, highlighting the possible role of smoking, prescription opioid use, triglycerides, education, income, Townsend deprivation index, and obesity in the causal association of ADHD, ASD, on CVDs. CONCLUSION: This MR study highlights the necessity for rigorous cardiovascular surveillance and interventions to decrease adverse cardiovascular events in people with ADHD or ASD by preventing identified mediating risk factors.
Diabetes Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and ADHD.
Leshno D, Lev Shalem L, Perlov Gavze R … +1 more , Leshno M
J Atten Disord · 2025 Jan · PMID 39390799 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Persistence in treatment is important in balancing diabetes and preventing complications. ADHD impairs quality of life and functioning in many areas of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibl...
INTRODUCTION: Persistence in treatment is important in balancing diabetes and preventing complications. ADHD impairs quality of life and functioning in many areas of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible association of ADHD and diabetes glycemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: All data were obtained from Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS) automated databases. This retrospective cross-sectional study uses electronic medical records from the Maccabi Healthcare Services database during the years 2010 to 2020. Using a propensity score with the variables of age, gender, and duration of diabetes, we compared a group of 1,582 patients with T2DM and ADHD to 1,582 patients with T2DM and without ADHD. We used a -test to compare continuous variables and a Mann-Whitney test for non-parametric testing. In addition, we used multivariate logistic regression with a cutoff of several HbA1c values in T2DM patients with and without ADHD during 2019 to 2020. The proportion of patients with HbA1c values above 10%, 9%, and 8% in the group of patients with ADHD was 4.7 to 5.9 times higher than in patients without ADHD. In addition, the OR in the multivariate logistic regression was 4.2 (95% CI [2.5, 6.8]), 4.3 (95% CI [3.1, 6.1]), and 2.7 (95% CI [2.2, 3.4]) for cutoff of HbA1c of 10%, 9%, and 8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Patients with co-morbid ADHD and T2DM have a higher incidence of poor glycemic control. The findings extend the knowledge on the relationship between ADHD and diabetes and highlight the need for further research to improve treatment.
"Everything's a Challenge": An Interview Study of ADHD Individuals in the Midst of the Prescription Stimulant Shortage.
Johnson B, Stjepanovic D, Leung J … +1 more , Chan GCK
J Atten Disord · 2025 Jan · PMID 39377515 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The shortage of prescription stimulants is an ongoing issue that is impacting the ability of individuals with ADHD to access their medication. Amidst concerns that this shortage may have a substantial impact...
BACKGROUND: The shortage of prescription stimulants is an ongoing issue that is impacting the ability of individuals with ADHD to access their medication. Amidst concerns that this shortage may have a substantial impact on individuals' ability to manage their symptoms effectively, this research seeks to understand the experiences and consequences for those affected. METHODS: In this study, we interviewed individuals with ADHD who have been directly impacted by the stimulant shortage. Thematic analysis focused on identifying common themes related to challenges with medication access and the resulting effects on daily living. RESULTS: The study uncovered significant difficulties in accessing ADHD medication due to current shortages, leading to disruptions in the management of ADHD symptoms and subsequent detriments to individuals' professional, educational, and personal lives. Systematic controls aimed at reducing non-medical use were found to exacerbate these access issues, inadvertently compounding the challenges faced by those using medication for legitimate medical needs. Individuals also described ways they coped with the shortage, with some seeking ADHD medication via unofficial channels. CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight the urgency of addressing stimulant shortages to safeguard the wellbeing of individuals with ADHD. This study also calls for a critical review of policy measures regulating stimulant medication access, and their effectiveness at reducing non-medical use given the unintended consequences these regulations appear to have on individuals prescribed these medications for therapeutic purposes.
Black Mothers of Children With and Without ADHD: Relationships Among Maternal Psychopathology, Parenting Stress, and Parenting Cognitions.
Jones HA, Wilson SA, Parks AM … +3 more , Floyd AL, Rabinovitch AE, Miller CC
J Atten Disord · 2025 Jan · PMID 39369291 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) endorse increased parenting stress and lower levels of parenting efficacy and satisfaction as compared to parents of children without...
INTRODUCTION: Parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) endorse increased parenting stress and lower levels of parenting efficacy and satisfaction as compared to parents of children without ADHD. Additionally, maternal ADHD and depression differentiate children with and without ADHD, with children with ADHD being more likely to have a mother with psychopathology. METHOD: With a focus on an understudied population, we investigated the extent to which maternal self-reported ADHD and depression were associated with self-reported parenting stress and parenting cognitions in 70 Black mothers of children with (maternal age = 35.52, = 6.49) and without ADHD (maternal age = 35.39, = 6.53) recruited from a metropolitan area in the southeastern United States. RESULTS: Analyses indicated that Black mothers of children with ADHD reported higher levels of parenting stress, lower levels of parenting efficacy, and lower levels of parenting satisfaction. However, there were no significant differences between groups on measures of maternal ADHD or depression. Maternal depression significantly accounted for variability in both parenting satisfaction and parenting stress beyond child ADHD and maternal education. With maternal depression in the models, the association between maternal ADHD and parenting stress and parenting satisfaction lost significance. DISCUSSION: Given the racial disparities in the treatment of ADHD, future research should focus on investigating the linkages between maternal depression, parenting stress, parenting satisfaction, and parenting behaviors in Black mothers in order to delineate whether there are cultural adaptations that may improve treatment utilization rates for child ADHD within this population.
Evaluation of Frontal QRS-T Angle in Children With ADHD and Healthy Controls.
Kılıçaslan F, Tan A, Tanriverdi Z
J Atten Disord · 2025 Feb · PMID 39356495 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Conflicting findings exist regarding the link between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the frontal QRS-T (fQRS-T) angle and its corre...
INTRODUCTION: Conflicting findings exist regarding the link between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the frontal QRS-T (fQRS-T) angle and its correlation with symptom severity in children diagnosed with ADHD. METHODS: The study population consisted of 172 patients diagnosed with ADHD (120 drug naive and 52 drug positive) and 82 healthy controls. ADHD symptoms were assessed using the Atilla Turgay DSM-IV-Based Screening and Assessment Scale for Disruptive Conduct Disorders (T-DSM-IV-Scale). The fQRS-T angle and corrected QT (QTc) interval were obtained from the automated reports of 12-lead electrocardiography device for each patient. RESULTS: QTc interval and fQRS-T angle were significantly different among the groups. Post hoc analyses showed that QTc interval and fQRS-T angle of ADHD drug naive and ADHD drug positive patients were significantly higher than the healthy control groups. However, there was no significant difference between drug naive and drug positive patients regarding QTc interval and fQRS-T angle. Both QTc interval and fQRS-T angle showed positive correlations with the severity of ADHD symptoms (r = 0.263, = .001 and r = 0.175, = .023 respectively). CONCLUSION: We found that fQRS-T angle was significantly wider in children with ADHD. Therefore, we suggest that fQRS-T angle may help in cardiovascular risk assessment in children with ADHD.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe