Br J Psychol [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Comparing intertemporal decision-making models: Predictions and applications in lifespan through subjective time perception.
Dai L, Wang Y, Chark R … +1 more , Liu L
Br J Psychol · 2025 Nov · PMID 40344446 · Full text
Intertemporal decision-making is essential in daily life, requiring individuals to evaluate the value of investments over time. This study aimed to assess how well intertemporal choice models explain and predict decision...
Intertemporal decision-making is essential in daily life, requiring individuals to evaluate the value of investments over time. This study aimed to assess how well intertemporal choice models explain and predict decision-making behaviours, focusing on subjective time perception across the lifespan. Five models were compared: two basic models (hyperbolic and exponential discounting) and three based on psychophysical principles of time perception (Stevens' power law exponential, Weber-Fechner exponential and Stevens' power law hyperbolic discounting). Using three datasets, this study identified which model better describes delay discounting and measured each model's predictive accuracy through cross-validation across the lifespan. Findings revealed that Stevens' power law exponential and hyperbolic discounting models provided better fit and predictive capability, suggesting that time perception in intertemporal decision-making follows Stevens' power law. The two models were applied to participants aged 9-82 years, showing nonlinear variations in discounting rates and time perception parameters. In summary, Stevens' power law exponential and hyperbolic models, which account for nonlinear subjective perceptions of time, enhanced understanding of intertemporal choice behaviours, attributing age-related differences in delay discounting to variations in time perception, thus supporting theories regarding age-related changes in delay discounting across the lifespan.
Sorries seem to have the harder words.
Lev-Ari S
Br J Psychol · 2025 Nov · PMID 40331513 · Full text
Is someone who says 'I'm genuinely sorry' more sorry than someone who says 'I'm really sorry'? The studies in this paper show that people use longer words when apologizing (Study 1) and interpret apologies with longer wo...
Is someone who says 'I'm genuinely sorry' more sorry than someone who says 'I'm really sorry'? The studies in this paper show that people use longer words when apologizing (Study 1) and interpret apologies with longer words as more apologetic (Study 2). This is in line with signalling accounts that propose that apologizers should incur a cost (greater production effort) to indicate the sincerity of their apologies. This behaviour illustrates a type of iconicity in communication that has not been examined so far: dynamic iconicity - iconicity that is context-dependent rather than inherent to a word's meaning (e.g. producing long words to convey effort). These studies thus have implications for our understanding of the emergence, prevalence and role of iconicity in communication.
Parents' educational stress and its nomological network.
Duan J, Liang F, Wang X … +1 more , Xu R
Br J Psychol · 2025 Nov · PMID 40325838 · Publisher ↗
Although parents' educational stress has become a buzzing problem for Chinese parents and society in recent years, it is underresearched. To fill this gap, we first conceptualize the construct of parents' educational str...
Although parents' educational stress has become a buzzing problem for Chinese parents and society in recent years, it is underresearched. To fill this gap, we first conceptualize the construct of parents' educational stress. Then, we use a multi-study scale development process to develop and validate a two-dimensional parents' educational stress scale. Moreover, drawing from social comparison theory, we explore this new construct's preliminary nomological network by examining its antecedents and consequences (controlling parenting and family-to-work conflict). Overall, our research suggests that the parents' educational stress scale is a reliable scale that can be used to assess this widespread phenomenon and that parents' educational stress has detrimental effects on parents' parenting style and work behaviour.
Is poor control over thoughts and emotions related to a higher tendency to delay tasks? The link between procrastination, emotional dysregulation and attentional control.
Wiwatowska E, Prost M, Coll-Martin T … +1 more , Lupiáñez J
Br J Psychol · 2025 Nov · PMID 40296374 · Full text
A tendency to procrastinate has previously been linked to low attentional control and poor emotion regulation skills. Building upon these findings, in the present study we investigated whether the relationship between pr...
A tendency to procrastinate has previously been linked to low attentional control and poor emotion regulation skills. Building upon these findings, in the present study we investigated whether the relationship between procrastination and attention can be corroborated and explained by emotion dysregulation and dispositional spontaneous mind-wandering. University students completed questionnaires along with the Attentional Networks Test for Interactions and Vigilance - executive and arousal components. The results showed that trait procrastination is inversely related to some indices of executive and arousal vigilance. Interestingly, the direct effects between trait procrastination and vigilance scores disappeared when emotion dysregulation or dispositional spontaneous mind-wandering were included in the model. Obtained findings suggest that difficulties in managing emotional reactions and poor control over the focus of one's thoughts might explain the relationship between low attentional control and increased chronic procrastination.
Emotion-driven or relationship-driven? Longitudinal associations between insecure parent-child attachment, perceived family support and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents.
Ying J, Liu S, Shi J … +2 more , Shi Q, Wu X
Br J Psychol · 2025 Nov · PMID 40275522 · Publisher ↗
Insecure parent-child attachment is often observed in adolescents with depressive symptoms. However, the directionality of the association between insecure parent-child attachment and depressive symptoms, as well as the...
Insecure parent-child attachment is often observed in adolescents with depressive symptoms. However, the directionality of the association between insecure parent-child attachment and depressive symptoms, as well as the potential mechanisms of family support, is not clearly understood. This study investigated the reciprocal longitudinal associations between insecure parent-child attachment (i.e. attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety), perceived family support, and depressive symptoms. A total of 1535 Chinese adolescents (52.6% being boys; baseline M = 13.19 years, SD = 0.51) participated in a four-wave longitudinal study with 6-month intervals. Random intercept cross-lagged panel models were employed to disentangle the between- and within-family effects. The results indicated that there was a vicious cycle in which attachment avoidance and depressive symptoms reinforced each other. Furthermore, an increase in depressive symptoms significantly predicted a decrease in perceived family support over time, subsequently leading to higher levels of both attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety. These findings suggest the coexistence of emotion-driven processes (from depressive symptoms to attachment avoidance) and relationship-driven processes (from attachment avoidance to depressive symptoms). Additionally, psychotherapists and family therapists are advised to enhance adolescents' perceived family support to nip depressive symptoms in the bud, therefore preventing subsequent insecure parent-child attachments.
Popcorn politics: Entertainment appraisals predict support for populist leaders.
van Prooijen JW, Kipperman J, Li Y … +2 more , Mo Y, Nachtwey P
Br J Psychol · 2025 Nov · PMID 40265663 · Full text
Populism refers to a political style that describes society as a struggle between corrupt elites versus noble people and occurs across the political spectrum. What explains the appeal of populist leaders? In the present...
Populism refers to a political style that describes society as a struggle between corrupt elites versus noble people and occurs across the political spectrum. What explains the appeal of populist leaders? In the present contribution, we tested the hypothesis that entertainment appraisals predict support more strongly for populist than non-populist leaders. Four preregistered studies conducted among US participants supported this hypothesis, comparing appraisals of existing politicians between parties (Trump vs. Biden; Study 1) and within parties (Trump vs. Romney, Study 2a; Sanders vs. Biden, Study 2b). Furthermore, we experimentally exposed participants to a populist versus non-populist speech of an unknown politician in a fictitious society (Study 3). Of importance, all studies also showed that the link between general populist attitudes and support was mediated by entertainment appraisals, but only for the relatively populist politicians. We conclude that to some extent, populism is a form of 'popcorn politics': Support for populist leaders depends on how entertaining people find them, more so than support for non-populist leaders.
Comparing latent profiles of psychopathy in the general population.
Castagna PJ, Kinrade C
Br J Psychol · 2025 Nov · PMID 40215096 · Publisher ↗
The extent to which latent profiles of psychopathy manifest across the full spectrum of psychopathy (i.e., general population) is unknown. The present study sought to address this gap by subtyping adults based on psychop...
The extent to which latent profiles of psychopathy manifest across the full spectrum of psychopathy (i.e., general population) is unknown. The present study sought to address this gap by subtyping adults based on psychopathic features and exploring whether these profiles differ based on external correlates: motivational tendencies, impulsivity, triarchic psychopathy, anxiety/depression and personality traits. A demographically representative sample of US adults (N = 446; M = 46.10; 51% female; 78.0% White) completed measures of four-factor psychopathy, motivational tendencies, impulsivity, anxiety/depression and personality traits. We identified four latent profiles of psychopathy that were conceptually similar to profiles reported in male offender samples. The impulsive-antisocial profile (i.e., high antisocial behaviour, erratic lifestyle; comparatively lower interpersonal manipulation, callous affect) was characterized by lack of premeditation, sensation seeking, low behavioural inhibition and reduced reward responsiveness when compared to the non-antisocial psychopathic profile (i.e., high interpersonal manipulation, callous affect, erratic lifestyle; comparatively lower scores on antisocial behaviour). Overall, we found evidence in favour of the suitability of self-reported psychopathy to profile individuals in the general population and its ability to distinguish between these subtypes on theoretically relevant external variables.
Learning in the face of failure: The benefit of autistic traits.
Li X, Conway CM, Yin S … +2 more , Bai X, Xu D
Br J Psychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40195625 · Publisher ↗
This study aims to explore how learning performance differs for non-diagnosed adults with high and low levels of autistic traits (ATs) for positive versus negative feedback delivered via social and nonsocial stimuli. Col...
This study aims to explore how learning performance differs for non-diagnosed adults with high and low levels of autistic traits (ATs) for positive versus negative feedback delivered via social and nonsocial stimuli. College student participants were tested on their ability to learn novel words (i.e., Korean characters) in a simple memory experiment incorporating either positive or negative feedback. A 2 (positive feedback vs. negative feedback) × 2 (ATs: high vs. Low) between-subject design was adopted in both Experiments 1 and 2. Social feedback stimuli were used in Experiment 1 and nonsocial feedback stimuli were used in Experiment 2. The results revealed that individuals with both high and low levels of ATs showed learning for both types of feedback (success and failure) using social and nonsocial stimuli (Experiments 1 and 2, respectively). However, individuals with low levels of ATs learned less from failure than from success, whereas individuals with high levels of ATs showed equivalent learning for failure and success, for both social and nonsocial stimuli. These results suggest that for college students, a benefit of having high levels of ATs is increased resilience and an ability to continue to learn in the face of failure.
Expressed emotion of caregivers to children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study - VIA 11.
Rohd SB, Hemager N, Gregersen M … +12 more , Brandt JM, Søndergaard A, Krantz MF, Ohland J, Hjorthøj C, Veddum L, Andreassen AK, Knudsen CB, Greve A, Mors O, Nordentoft M, Thorup AAE
Br J Psychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40186587 · Publisher ↗
A high level of parental expressed emotion is thought to play an important role in the development and course of mental disorders in offspring. This study investigates expressed emotion among primary caregivers to 11-yea...
A high level of parental expressed emotion is thought to play an important role in the development and course of mental disorders in offspring. This study investigates expressed emotion among primary caregivers to 11-year-old children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and population-based controls, and whether potential differences in expressed emotion are related to child psychopathology. Expressed emotion was assessed with the Five-Minute Speech Sample and a total of 440 audio files from primary caregivers were collected. Child psychopathology was assessed with the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children. Primary caregivers from families with a parental diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder or bipolar disorder were classified as high on expressed emotion significantly more often than population-based controls. Between-group differences remained significant after adjusting for any current axis I child diagnosis indicating that high expressed emotion is not solely attributable to the presence of child psychopathology. These findings underline the importance of assessing the emotional climate in families with parental schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Attraction in every sense: How looks, voice, movement and scent draw us to future lovers and friends.
Schirmer A, Franz M, Krismann L … +4 more , Nöring V, Große M, Mahmut M, Croy I
Br J Psychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40170421 · Full text
What makes someone attractive has been examined for faces, in terms of common preferences, and for opposite-sex interactions. We expanded on this by considering also other non-verbal modalities, personal preferences and...
What makes someone attractive has been examined for faces, in terms of common preferences, and for opposite-sex interactions. We expanded on this by considering also other non-verbal modalities, personal preferences and same-sex interactions. We presented the face, body motion, voice and body odour from 61 non-verbal agents (34 women) as stimuli in an attractiveness rating to 71 perceivers (37 women). Our results showed that the modalities were differently attractive and that some correlated more than others. Specifically, body odours were least and audio-video stimuli most attractive. Voice/looks as well as body odour/movement showed fairly robust positive associations. Both common and personal preferences accounted for variance in the data. Most effects compared between opposite- and same-sex ratings, with only a few exceptions, including that only same-sex ratings showed a clear dominance of personal over common preferences. We conclude that the different non-verbal modalities are equally relevant for attraction but differ in absolute attractiveness and redundancy, likely due to their different suitability for communicating stable (e.g. genetic) versus variable (e.g. hormonal) person characteristics. Beauty excites agreement and disagreement; it matters not only in encounters with the other sex but in social interactions more broadly.
Development of a theory of mind assessment for children using multidimensional Rasch modelling.
Lee SC, Chen CT, Fu IN … +2 more , Liu MR, Chen KL
Br J Psychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40114447 · Publisher ↗
Existing theory of mind (ToM) measures for children meet challenges from three perspectives. Developmentally, they lack items covering the entire spectrum of ToM abilities, namely, the early, basic and advanced levels. D...
Existing theory of mind (ToM) measures for children meet challenges from three perspectives. Developmentally, they lack items covering the entire spectrum of ToM abilities, namely, the early, basic and advanced levels. Dimensionally, most measures are unidimensional, not distinguishing between cognitive and affective ToM. Practically, most measures rely heavily on verbal abilities or lack engaging formats. This study aimed to address these critical issues by developing a Theory of Mind Assessment (ToMA). The items were generated based on classical scenarios spanning all developmental levels. The responses from 574 neurotypical children aged 37 to 194 months were analysed using the multidimensional Rasch model. Ten items showed satisfactory model fits when classified into cognitive (4 items) and affective (6 items) domains, with 16 misfit items excluded. Two items seemed easier for girls and two for boys, and the item difficulties were adjusted. The mean Rasch person reliabilities were 0.78 and 0.81. The scores exhibited small and high correlations with subjective and objective criteria. The newly developed measure may offer reliable, valid and sex-unbiased assessments while satisfying developmental, multidimensional and practical requirements. It seems promising for application in clinical and research settings and is worthy of future refinement and validation to provide high-quality ToM assessment.
Emotion ensemble judgement: Cognitive training for a positive perspective.
Ngai HHT, Jin J
Br J Psychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40056021 · Publisher ↗
Emotion ensemble judgement refers to the cognitive process by which individuals extract the general emotional tone of a busy visual scene. This study investigated whether emotion ensemble judgement can be changed through...
Emotion ensemble judgement refers to the cognitive process by which individuals extract the general emotional tone of a busy visual scene. This study investigated whether emotion ensemble judgement can be changed through cognitive training. Two groups of participants underwent interpretation and visual attention training towards positivity, respectively, while the third group served as the control (total n = 102). All three groups participated in an emotion ensemble-rating task where they rated the overall emotion of a set of facial expressions three times (pre-training, immediately post-training and 7-days post-training). The results demonstrated the malleability of perceptual judgement of an emotion ensemble. The interpretation-training group exhibited a shift towards positivity, particularly for fearful ensembles. Similarly, the attention-training group also showed a positive shift, along with increased eye movements towards happy stimuli immediately after training. These findings help shed light on the formation and correction of biases in emotion perception and judgement.
Deliberate memory display can enhance conveyed value.
Pintea AI, Ray DG
Br J Psychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 40016988 · Full text
Letting someone else know that you value their presence, characteristics, effort or activities is central to building and maintaining human relationships. We investigated whether deliberate memory display is an effective...
Letting someone else know that you value their presence, characteristics, effort or activities is central to building and maintaining human relationships. We investigated whether deliberate memory display is an effective means to convey such value. We examined these questions in the context of a simulated job interview (Experiments 1, 2 and 3, total N = 404) and a simulated 'ice breaker' exercise between new acquaintances (Experiment 4, total N = 156). Across experiments, results consistently indicated that memory display was not only an effective method of conveying value, but that memory display made other efforts to convey value more effective. Moreover, without external prompting, participants underutilized memory display despite its efficacy. These findings document the efficacy of memory display in the deliberate communication of value and suggest that deliberate memory display might be an underutilized strategic asset in the management of human relationships.
Close encounters: Interpersonal proximity amplifies social appraisals.
Veranic K, Bayliss AP, Zhao M … +2 more , Stephen ID, Ewing L
Br J Psychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 39981746 · Full text
Social appraisals reflect the rapid integration of available perceptual information with broader contextual factors (e.g., intentions). While interpersonal distance affects both information availability and social contex...
Social appraisals reflect the rapid integration of available perceptual information with broader contextual factors (e.g., intentions). While interpersonal distance affects both information availability and social context, how it changes trait impressions remains unknown. Over four experiments, we used a novel paradigm to address this question. In Experiment 1, we assessed participants' attributions of attractiveness, competence, dominance and trustworthiness of life size full body images of people when they appeared at near (1 m) and far (4 m) distances. Proximity amplified the relative magnitude of both positive and negative socio-evaluative impressions. However, this effect of proximity leading to more extreme positive or negative ratings was selectively weaker for aesthetic (attractiveness) judgements. In Experiment 2 (size) and Experiment 3 (spatial frequency), we held distance constant while manipulating visual cues relating to implied distance, revealing broadly similar results to Experiment 1. In Experiment 4, we used the interpersonal comfort distance paradigm to confirm that our life-sized projected images elicited similar comfort distance to interacting with a real person, helping to validate our general approach. These findings demonstrate the crucial role of interpersonal distance in impression judgements.
Why moral judgements change across variations of trolley-like problems.
Cohen DJ, Quinlan PT
Br J Psychol · 2025 Feb · PMID 39966944 · Publisher ↗
In the standard 'trolley problem', respondents must decide whether to save a condemned group of individuals by sacrificing a safe bystander. Although respondents often are willing to sacrifice the bystander in some circu...
In the standard 'trolley problem', respondents must decide whether to save a condemned group of individuals by sacrificing a safe bystander. Although respondents often are willing to sacrifice the bystander in some circumstances (e.g., by pulling a lever), they are loath to sacrifice the bystander in others (e.g., by pushing the bystander off a footbridge). This difference in responding has been explained via a Dual Process theory of moral judgements (DPT). DPT, however, is a classic boxes-and-arrows model that only makes directional predictions. Meehl (1967, Philosophy of Science, 34, 103) cautioned against theories that only make directional predictions, explaining that they are notoriously difficult to falsify. Meehl (1967, Philosophy of Science, 34, 103) argued that researchers should follow the lead of Physics and develop computational models that make functional and point predictions. Here, we use a value-based, computational cognitive model of decision-making (Psychological Value Theory) to predict precisely both the speed and kind of response in trolley-like problems in three experiments. We show that this model accounts for the changes in choices across variations of the trolley problem with a response bias parameter.
Working memory capacity and self-cues: Consistent benefits in children and adults.
Ahmed Z, McLean JF, Allan K … +1 more , Cunningham SJ
Br J Psychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 39950510 · Full text
From attentional prioritization to enhanced memory, self-cues trigger a variety of effects within human cognition. Recent work suggests that self-reference may also enhance working memory, possibly via attentional priori...
From attentional prioritization to enhanced memory, self-cues trigger a variety of effects within human cognition. Recent work suggests that self-reference may also enhance working memory, possibly via attentional prioritization. However, there is no direct evidence that self-cues enhance working memory capacity, or that such boosts covary with individuals' attentional function. Here, we provide the first direct evidence of enhanced working memory capacity for self-referential cues, independent of attentional processing. We adapted a verbal working memory complex span to create a 'Self' condition (featuring the participant's own name), 'Other' condition (featuring a non-self-name), and Control condition (with no name), in 7-9-year-old children (Exp.1, N = 71) and adults (Exp.2, N = 52). In both experiments, the Self condition elicited significantly higher spans than the other conditions (Exp 1: p < .001, η = .32; Exp 2: p < .001, η = .25), but this increase in capacity was unrelated to measures of attentional processing or backward digit span. Moreover, equivalent boosts were observed in children and adults, despite adults' significantly higher underlying capacity. We propose a chunking interpretation based on enhanced binding of self-associated items, directly benefiting individual's working memory capacity regardless of their current attentional competence or 'baseline' capacity.
The alone team: How an alone mindset affects group processes.
Uziel L, Seemann M
Br J Psychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 39898725 · Full text
Being alone is a basic and prevalent human experience, yet little is known about its effects on social identity. When alone, social identity may weaken because individuals feel their groups are less valuable or less sali...
Being alone is a basic and prevalent human experience, yet little is known about its effects on social identity. When alone, social identity may weaken because individuals feel their groups are less valuable or less salient. Conversely, it may strengthen because craving for bonding increases in-group perceived value. We tested these ideas with five experiments (N = 1312). Study 1, using existing groups, and Study 2, using minimal groups, showed that aloneness (vs. being with others) reduced in-group identity through its effect on in-group esteem. In Study 3, this effect was equivalent to the effect observed following social exclusion. Study 4 showed that individuals alone were indifferent in allocating money between in-group and out-group members. Last, Study 5 indicated that these effects do not stem from reduced salience of in-group members when alone. In conclusion, an alone mindset affects social identity by decreasing in-group esteem, signalling broad social implications for this basic social condition.
Keep bright in the dark: Multimodal emotional effects on donation-based crowdfunding performance and their empathic mechanisms.
Guo R, Wang G, Wu D … +1 more , Wu Z
Br J Psychol · 2026 May · PMID 39871780 · Publisher ↗
How to raise donations effectively, especially in the E-era, has puzzled fundraisers and scientists across various disciplines. Our research focuses on donation-based crowdfunding projects and investigates how the emotio...
How to raise donations effectively, especially in the E-era, has puzzled fundraisers and scientists across various disciplines. Our research focuses on donation-based crowdfunding projects and investigates how the emotional valence expressed verbally (in textual descriptions) and visually (in facial images) in project descriptions affects project performance. Study 1 uses field data (N = 3817), grabs project information and descriptions from a top donation-based crowdfunding platform, computes visual and verbal emotional valence using a deep-learning-based affective computing method and analyses how multimodal emotional valence influences donation outcomes. Study 2 conducts experiments in GPT-4 (Study 2a, N = 400) and humans (Study 2b, N = 240), manipulates the project's visual and verbal emotional valence through AI-generated stimuli and then assesses donation decisions (both GPT-4 and humans) and corresponding state empathy (humans). The results indicate a multimodal positivity superiority effect: both visual and verbal emotional valence promote initial whether-to-donate decisions, whereas only verbal emotional valence further promotes the how-much-to-donate decisions. Notably, such multimodal emotional effects can be explained through different mediating paths of empathic concern and empathic hopefulness. The current study theoretically facilitates our understanding of the emotional motivations underlying human prosociality and provides insights into crafting impactful advertisements for online donations.
Predictors of online and offline activism in hybrid regime society - Serbian study.
Pedović I, Pejičić M, Đorić S
Br J Psychol · 2025 Aug · PMID 39854025 · Publisher ↗
In Serbia, categorized as a hybrid or semi-authoritarian system by Freedom House, exploring activism is crucial. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted to examine predictors of online and offline civic activism in a...
In Serbia, categorized as a hybrid or semi-authoritarian system by Freedom House, exploring activism is crucial. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted to examine predictors of online and offline civic activism in a society favouring punitive measures and limiting open dialogue. The first study involved 1107 participants (65.1% female, 33.2% male and 1.6% in other categories; M = 28.15 years), while the second included 2306 individuals (67.5% female, 30.2% male and 2.3% in other categories; M = 28.1 years). We modelled the relationship between predictor variables and a dependent variable at different quantiles of the distribution (25th, 50th, 75th and quantile marked with theoretical middle points of online and activism scales) using quantile regression. Results highlighted perceived policy control, social generativity and conscientiousness as key predictors across different levels of both online and offline activism. Personality traits like extroversion, neuroticism and honesty have different effects on online versus offline activism, suggesting different motivations. Additionally, future-oriented people participate more offline. The quantile regression, analysing coefficients at different points in the distribution, offered valuable insights into manifestations of activism. These findings are discussed highlighting the complex dynamic of different factors in shaping civic engagement in Serbia's challenging sociopolitical landscape.
Importance of transgender nuances in research and advocacy: Reply to Morgenroth (2025) and Tate (2025).
Jackson EF, Bussey K
Br J Psychol · 2025 May · PMID 39815709 · Full text
In their responses to our paper 'Conceptualizing transgender experiences in psychology: Do we have a "true" gender?' (The British Journal of Psychology, 2024, 115, 723), Tate (2025) and Morgenroth (2025) provide reflecti...
In their responses to our paper 'Conceptualizing transgender experiences in psychology: Do we have a "true" gender?' (The British Journal of Psychology, 2024, 115, 723), Tate (2025) and Morgenroth (2025) provide reflections on the importance of nuance when researching gender and in transgender advocacy. In this reply, I note where this paper is situated in the literature and engage in a discussion of the role of definitions in transgender advocacy. Over-reliance on an individual's true gender when evaluating transgender people's legitimacy may exclude individuals whose gender is not understandable as 'true' to a cisgender majority. I suggest that a broad definition of transgender can allow legitimization to arise from transgender identification and gender self-categorization alongside broader experiences of body and gender.
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