Depress Anxiety [JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Striosome-Like Structural Connectivity Is Reduced in the Rostral Putamen in Anxiety Disorder.
Funk AT, Waugh JL
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41971224 · Full text
Anxiety disorders affect roughly a third of adults, and treatment of anxiety-related symptoms costs more than any other mental health condition. Symptoms often begin in adolescence and are usually lifelong. Identifying s...
Anxiety disorders affect roughly a third of adults, and treatment of anxiety-related symptoms costs more than any other mental health condition. Symptoms often begin in adolescence and are usually lifelong. Identifying shared neuroanatomical features of anxiety is essential for understanding its causes and improving treatments. Developmental abnormalities in the striatum, an obligate node in cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical networks, could predispose to the diverse symptoms of anxiety. The striatum is comprised of two interdigitated tissue compartments, striosome and matrix, that have different embryologic origins, divergent afferent/efferent connectivity, opposing responses to dopamine, and are embedded in distinct structural and functional networks. We used quantitative diffusion tractography to perform connectivity-based parcellation, identifying striosome-like and matrix-like striatal voxels in a 295-subject cohort (youth-onset anxiety vs. matched controls). In anxiety, striosome-like connectivity was depleted and dispersed, especially in a bilateral zone in the rostral putamen. Striosome-like connectivity was inversely correlated with standardized assessments of anxiety. Matrix-favoring connectivity was increased in a broad swath of cortico-striate projections. Increases in the striatal matrix:striosome ratio may predispose individuals to anxiety.
Factors Associated With Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms, Barriers, and Facilitators for Seeking Support Among European University Students: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study.
Pinho LG, Afonso A, Ryan L … +15 more , Daly E, Morais A, Engström M, Nilsson A, Cubero J, Jarry C, Muresan M, Amaro P, Saveanu T, Silva MR, Sala R, Marletta G, Fonseca C, Borza A, Jacinto G
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41971223 · Full text
AIM: The rationale for this current study was to assess the factors associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms in a cohort of students from seven universities across the European education system. Furthermore, the r...
AIM: The rationale for this current study was to assess the factors associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms in a cohort of students from seven universities across the European education system. Furthermore, the research sought to assess the barriers and facilitators for seeking support when students perceive any mental health issues. METHODS: A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted, which included 4830 higher education students from seven European countries. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) were used to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. The Mental Health Inventory (MHI-5) assessed general psychological well-being. A questionnaire was used to assess preferences regarding support-seeking behavior and perceived barriers in the event of mental distress. Linear mixed models (LMMs) were used in the statistical analysis. RESULTS: Swedish students reported lower levels of moderate to severe depressive symptoms (34.1%) and moderate to severe anxiety (27.9%) when compared, for example, with Irish students (63.1% and 52.9%, respectively). Younger students, females, students with a history of mental disorder and lower levels of academic performance, or from a poorer socioeconomic background reported increased rates of depressive and anxiety symptoms. The most valued support-seeking strategies were speaking to friends or engaging in psychotherapy; in contrast, the most cited barrier to seeking support was the expense related to professional therapy and long waiting times for an appointment with professional therapists. CONCLUSION: There is a need to develop and/or review mental health promotion strategies for higher education students across Europe. These strategies need to consider the individual and culturally specific needs of higher education students so that they are effective in removing perceived barriers when seeking support in the event of mental distress.
Associations of Life-Course Social Isolation Trajectories and Depressive Symptoms With the Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Chen S, Jiang P, Zheng Q
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41959949 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Social isolation is increasingly recognized as a fundamental determinant of health. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the associations between social isolation trajectories spanning from childhood t...
BACKGROUND: Social isolation is increasingly recognized as a fundamental determinant of health. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the associations between social isolation trajectories spanning from childhood through adulthood and the risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) among middle-aged and older adults in China, while further exploring the potential mediating role of depressive symptoms in these relationships. METHODS: We analyzed data from 6858 participants using the 2014 life-course survey and 2015-2020 follow-up waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Trajectories were constructed based on the cross-classification of social isolation status in childhood and adulthood. Exposures were assessed using cumulative composite scores, and incident CVD outcomes were identified via self-reported physician diagnoses. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to estimate the odds of incident CVD, alongside mediation analyses to quantify potential indirect effects. Subgroup analyses and a comprehensive set of sensitivity analyses were additionally conducted to assess the robustness of the findings. RESULTS: Four distinct life-course social isolation trajectories were identified: no isolation, childhood-only, adulthood-only, and persistent isolation. Persistent social isolation was associated with significantly elevated odds of incident CVD (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.16-2.01). Mediation analyses indicated that depressive symptoms accounted for a meaningful proportion of this association, explaining 16.28% of the relationship with CVD and 14.70% of the association with stroke. Analyses of secondary outcomes further demonstrated that childhood social isolation (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.16-1.79), childhood-only isolation (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.08-1.72), and persistent isolation (OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.19-2.71) were each independently associated with increased odds of incident stroke. CONCLUSIONS: Persistent social isolation was associated with an increased risk of incident CVD among middle-aged and older adults in China, with this relationship being partially mediated by depressive symptoms. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating long-term psychosocial assessments into CVD risk stratification and management strategies.
Effects of High-Frequency rTMS Combined With Physical Exercise on Mood Disorders in Patients With Methamphetamine Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Wang K, Li Y, Yang Y … +2 more , Zhang T, Luo J
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41959948 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Mood disorders are a severe symptom in patients with methamphetamine (MA) use disorder (MUD) during withdrawal and are closely associated with the risk of relapse. While both standalone repetitive transcrania...
BACKGROUND: Mood disorders are a severe symptom in patients with methamphetamine (MA) use disorder (MUD) during withdrawal and are closely associated with the risk of relapse. While both standalone repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and physical exercise (PE) have shown positive effects on regulating mood disorders, the potential synergistic benefits of their combined use remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of high-frequency rTMS (10 Hz) combined with PE on mood disorders in patients with MUD and to identify the relevant factors associated with emotional regulation. METHODS: Using a randomized clinical trial design, 54 male patients with MUD were randomly assigned to a PE group, an rTMS combined with PE (rTMS + PE) group, and a control group (CG). All groups received interventions three times per week for a total of 12 weeks (8 weeks of intervention + 4 weeks of follow-up). The PE group received 10-min of health education and 35-min of exercise intervention, the rTMS + PE group received 10-min of 10 Hz rTMS administered over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and 35-min of exercise intervention, and the CG only received 45 min of health education. Measurements for depression, anxiety, MA craving, and blood neurotransmitters were taken from participants at baseline, the 8th week, and the follow-up period. RESULTS: (1) Compared with the CG, both intervention groups showed significant reductions in depression, anxiety, and MA craving after the 8-week intervention, and these improvements were accompanied by marked increases in the blood levels of dopamine (DA), β-EP, and 5-HT. Furthermore, these effects persisted for up to 1 month after the intervention concluded. (2) Compared to the PE group, the rTMS + PE group demonstrated significantly lower craving and higher DA levels at the 8th week, with the latter exhibiting superior sustained intervention effects during the follow-up period (such as negative emotions, craving, DA, and β-EP). (3) The reduction of negative emotions is not only related to the intervention increasing the release level of neurotransmitters in the blood but also to the decrease in MA craving. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that adding high-frequency rTMS to moderate-intensity exercise can produce better therapeutic effects (such as emotion regulation and craving reduction) and increase the sustained impact on the rehabilitation of patients with MUD during the withdrawal period, thus providing a novel strategy for treatment of MUD. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR2500105315.
Whole Blood Transcriptome Analysis in Female Adolescents With Depression Accompanied by Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and Suicide Attempt.
Zhou Z, Wang S, Yin J … +7 more , Guo Z, Yang L, Gao X, Xia Y, Yang Y, Shan Z, Tian L
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41959947 · Full text
STUDY OBJECTIVE: Using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on blood samples from depressed female adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) or suicide attempt (SA), this study explored links between peripheral blood gene expr...
STUDY OBJECTIVE: Using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on blood samples from depressed female adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) or suicide attempt (SA), this study explored links between peripheral blood gene expression and these behaviors. METHODS: Female adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) who were of the same age as the subjects were enrolled in the study and divided into three groups: MDD, NSSI, and NSSI + SA. Whole blood samples were collected for RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS: Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that the NADH dehydrogenase iron-sulfur protein 7 () and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 () were important predictive factors distinguishing the MDD group from the NSSI + SA group. In weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), the blue module showed the greatest significance, with gene expression levels negatively correlated in the MDD group and NSSI group, and strongly positively correlated in the NSSI + SA group, consistent with differences in disease severity between self-harm and suicide. CONCLUSION: This study revealed the whole-blood transcriptomic features of female adolescent MDD patients with different behavioral phenotypes. It found that neuroimmune responses, along with core genes and , are key in the development of NSSI and SA in adolescent females, and could be therapeutic targets. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR2500107586.
The Influencing Factors of Physical Exercise on the Social and Emotional Abilities of College Students: A Chain-Mediated Effect Based on Emotion Regulation and Self-Efficacy.
Cao L, Liu J, Wang L … +2 more , Lang J, Ran Z
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41928858 · Full text
The university period represents a critical transition for college students, marking their progression from adolescence to adulthood and from the familial and school environments into broader society. Focusing on the enh...
The university period represents a critical transition for college students, marking their progression from adolescence to adulthood and from the familial and school environments into broader society. Focusing on the enhancement of students' social-emotional competence aligns with the developmental requirements of educational modernization in China. However, under the combined influence of severe external environments and internal factors, an increasing number of university students are prone to developing negative emotions, which poses potential risks to the healthy development of school education and social interactions. This study investigates how physical exercise influences the social-emotional competence of university students at Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, focusing on the mediating roles of emotion regulation and self-efficacy. Using literature review, questionnaires, and statistical analyses on a sample of 572 students, the study assessed physical activity levels, emotion regulation strategies, self-efficacy, and social-emotional competence. Results show that students generally engage in moderate physical activity, though over half exhibit low activity levels, cognitive reappraisal is used more frequently than expressive suppression, while both self-efficacy and social-emotional competence are above average but need improvement. Significant differences across demographic variables were found in physical exercise, emotion regulation, self-efficacy, and social-emotional competence. All four variables demonstrated significant positive correlations. Regression and mediation analyses revealed that physical exercise positively predicts social-emotional competence directly and indirectly through emotion regulation and self-efficacy, with both independent and serial mediation effects. These findings clarify the mechanism linking physical exercise to social-emotional competence and provide theoretical support for promoting students' socioemotional development through enhanced physical activity.
Healthcare Services and Burden of the Top Two Mental Disorders Among Women of Childbearing Age Across 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2021.
Chen C, Huang N, Feng X … +6 more , Wang B, Jiang Q, Hu B, Zhang M, Liu Z, Guo J
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41928857 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Mental health is a global health concern, particularly the burden among women of childbearing age (WCBA). We aimed to investigate the patterns and trends of the top two common mental disorders among WCBA from...
BACKGROUND: Mental health is a global health concern, particularly the burden among women of childbearing age (WCBA). We aimed to investigate the patterns and trends of the top two common mental disorders among WCBA from 1990 to 2021. METHODS: Data were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The temporal trends were examined using joinpoint regression analysis. We utilized local regression smoothing models to fit the curves for correlations between age-standardized rates (ASRs) and sociodemographic index (SDI) and Spearman correlation analysis to examine the correlations with health-related indexes. FINDINGS: The top two common mental disorders were depressive and anxiety disorders. The ASRs worldwide fluctuated and increased from 1990 to 2021. Annual percentage changes of ASRs of depressive disorders indicated increasing trends in high SDI regions, while those of anxiety disorders increased in regions with middle SDI, low-middle SDI, and low SDI. The 45-49 age group showed the highest global prevalence rate for depressive disorders in 2021. Joinpoint analysis revealed upward trends in depressive disorders' ASRs, with the most notable increase during the 2019-2021 period, consistent with anxiety disorders. The associations between ASRs and SDI exhibited different patterns. The incidence of depressive and anxiety disorders showed significant correlations with various health-related indexes. CONCLUSIONS: The global burdens of depressive and anxiety disorders among WCBA showed rising trends, and patterns differed in age and time period, underscoring the urgent need for targeted prevention and healthcare strategies to mitigate the burden among WCBA worldwide.
Associations Among Depression, Self-Compassion, and Learning Burnout in Nursing Students: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study.
Wang Q, Cao X, Du T
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41799316 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Previous cross-sectional research shows that there were significant associations between depression, self-compassion, and learning burnout. However, no longitudinal research has explored the temporal associat...
BACKGROUND: Previous cross-sectional research shows that there were significant associations between depression, self-compassion, and learning burnout. However, no longitudinal research has explored the temporal associations among depression, self-compassion, and learning burnout in nursing students. The present study aimed to examine the temporal relationships among depression, self-compassion, and learning burnout and to explore the longitudinal mediating role of self-compassion between depression and learning burnout among nursing students. METHODS: This is a three-wave longitudinal study. Undergraduate nursing students ( = 494) from three medical universities in China participated in this study and completed online questionnaires three times in October of 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. Online questionnaires, including the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) depression subscale, the 26-item Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), the learning burnout scale (LBS), and demographic information. IBM SPSS (version 22.0) and Mplus (version 8.3) were used for data analyses. RESULTS: Among nursing students, self-compassion unidirectionally and negatively predicted depression, while learning burnout unidirectionally and positively predicted depression. The temporal relationship between self-compassion and learning burnout was reciprocal and negative. Self-compassion longitudinally mediated the relationship between learning burnout and depression. CONCLUSION: Learning burnout may lead to depression among nursing students. As a psychological resource, self-compassion longitudinally negatively predicted both learning burnout and depression and could buffer the negative impact of learning burnout on depression. It is recommended that nursing educators identify and implement effective interventions to enhance nursing students' self-compassion to help them combat learning burnout and depression.
Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Network Analysis.
Blackmore SJ, Sijbrandij M, Ayuso-Mateos JL … +17 more , Bryant R, Monzio Compagnoni M, Gémes K, Giltay EJ, Kok AAL, Lorant V, Mediavilla R, Haro JM, Kalisch R, Melchior M, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Nicaise P, Petri-Romão P, van der Waerden J, Walter H, Witteveen AB, Penninx BWJH
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41799315 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Despite the societal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, research assessing changes in symptoms of anxiety and depression following the sanitary crisis has reported heterogeneous evidence, especially among indiv...
BACKGROUND: Despite the societal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, research assessing changes in symptoms of anxiety and depression following the sanitary crisis has reported heterogeneous evidence, especially among individuals with pre-existing mental health conditions. Most earlier studies used summary scores of depression or anxiety assessment surveys, which does not provide insights into changes in individual symptoms and symptom structure during the pandemic. OBJECTIVE: This study used a network analysis to investigate the symptom structure of anxiety and depressive symptoms and temporal changes in symptoms across three timepoints before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample primarily of persons with anxiety and depressive disorders. METHODS: Data are retrieved from 675 participants of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) and Netherlands Study of Depression in Older Persons (NESDO) cohorts who completed all three timepoints. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Rated (QIDS-SR). Symptom networks were estimated for three timepoints: pre-COVID, first COVID-peak (April 2020), second COVID-peak (January/February 2021), and compared. Symptom importance was quantified using centrality indices (strength, betweenness, and closeness), and temporal stability was assessed using the network comparison test (NCT). RESULTS: The symptom networks were largely consistent between the two COVID-19 peak timepoints but differed significantly from the pre-COVID network in terms of global strength. Fear-related anxiety symptoms, sleep-related symptoms, and thoughts of death or suicide demonstrated greater strength centrality at the pre-COVID timepoint compared to both COVID-19 peak timepoints. CONCLUSION: Our findings illustrate that a stressful situation, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can result in changes in the complex associations of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Unexpectedly, anxiety symptom networks shifted from being driven by somatic fear responses before the pandemic, toward greater prominence of cognitive appraisal symptoms during the pandemic. Network insights could help focus intervention planning by targeting the key symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Changes in Hospitalization for Eating Disorders and Related Suicidal Risk, Following COVID-19 Pandemic.
Chauvet-Gélinier JC, Lajeune E, Cottenet J … +3 more , Pinoit JM, Jollant F, Quantin C
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41789412 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed (1) to assess changes in the frequency and severity of eating disorders (EDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020-December 2024) compared to the pre-pandemic period (January 2015-February...
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed (1) to assess changes in the frequency and severity of eating disorders (EDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020-December 2024) compared to the pre-pandemic period (January 2015-February 2020) and (2) to evaluate changes in rates of self-harm and suicidal ideation among individuals with EDs. METHOD: Data were extracted from the French National Hospital Discharge Database (PMSI), including all patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of ED between 2015 and 2024 ( = 162,621). Negative binomial regression models were used, stratified by age group, to examine the impact of the pandemic on ED hospitalizations. The severity of EDs during the initial stay was studied based on admission to the intensive care unit or the presence of medical complications. The proportion of patients with self-harm and/or suicidal ideation within 2 years following an ED-related hospitalization was also estimated, and the changes among the periods were analyzed. RESULTS: Compared to the pre-pandemic period, there was a significant increase in ED hospitalizations during the pandemic period, particularly among adolescents and young adults (ages 0-14, 15-19, and 20-24). The proportion of patients hospitalized for self-harm and/or suicidal ideation within 2 years of an ED stay was higher during the pandemic period (13.31% vs. 8.67%, < 0.01). The difference in proportion based on severity criteria is significant, with a higher percentage for the post-COVID period. DISCUSSION: This nationwide study reveals a marked rise in both the incidence and severity of EDs during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite the limitations associated with the use of an administrative database. These findings highlight the urgent need for age-targeted prevention strategies and early intervention programs, particularly for younger populations.
Anxiety Suppressed Prefrontal Cortex Brain Activity: Insights From a Large Sample of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Data.
Ren H, Wang Y, Yang Y … +6 more , Xiao Q, Zhang Y, Wang F, Shi H, Potenza MN, Zhou D
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41783659 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Anxiety is one of the most common mental disorders and is linked to alterations in prefrontal cortex (PFC) function. Research on the underlying neuroscience has significant theoretical and practical implicati...
BACKGROUND: Anxiety is one of the most common mental disorders and is linked to alterations in prefrontal cortex (PFC) function. Research on the underlying neuroscience has significant theoretical and practical implications. This study used a more naturalistic task and a larger sample to clarify how anxiety relates to brain activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recruited 841 participants and grouped them by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) anxiety scores into no anxiety (NA), suspected anxiety (SA), and confirmed anxiety (CA). During an emotional autobiographical memory task (EAMT), a 53-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) system measured oxyhemoglobin (Oxy-Hb). RESULTS: Group differences were most pronounced in Channels 30 and 33 within the right frontopolar cortex (rFPC): NA and SA showed higher Oxy-Hb than CA, whereas NA and SA did not differ ( < 0.001 for NA/SA > CA). Emotional valence showed no main or interaction effects. Oxy-Hb in rFPC correlated negatively with anxiety severity (Ch30: = -0.15, < 0.001; Ch33: = -0.16, < 0.001), with similar patterns across additional channels. CONCLUSIONS: rFPC hypoactivation differentiates clinically significant anxiety from lower-symptom groups and scales with symptom severity during EAMT. Findings support fNIRS as a practical physiological index for characterizing anxiety-related prefrontal dysfunction in large samples. Future work should incorporate short-separation channels and broader diagnostic measures.
The Sleep Symptoms Are Directly Associated With Suicide Risk in Adolescents and Youth Patients With Depression.
Zheng Y, Yuan S, Zhang J … +2 more , Ma Y, He H
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41768592 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Multiple studies on adults have shown that depressive symptoms are the main contributing factors to suicide risk, and sleep symptoms are a major risk factor for depression. However, the associations between t...
BACKGROUND: Multiple studies on adults have shown that depressive symptoms are the main contributing factors to suicide risk, and sleep symptoms are a major risk factor for depression. However, the associations between the three in adolescents have not been thoroughly studied. This study aims to examine the independent impact of sleep symptoms on suicide risk in adolescent depression and how this impact varies by age. METHODS: Adolescent and youth (ages 13-25) depressed patients were included based on a depression cohort. Sleep symptoms were assessed using the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), depressive symptoms using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17), and suicide risk using the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI). A mediation model was employed to distinguish direct associations from pathways mediated by depression, with age as a moderator. RESULTS: Among 744 depressed patients (mean age 18.31, 76.6% female), insomnia ( = 1.817, 95% CI: 1.505-2.129) and hypersomnia ( = 1.344, 95% CI: 1.073-1.615) had stronger direct associations on suicide risk than the depression-mediated pathway. Younger patients (≤15 years) exhibited the strongest insomnia-suicide associations ( = 1.950, 95% CI: 1.564-2.335), compared to age 16-18 ( = 1.662, 95% CI: 1.363-1.960) and age 19-25 ( = 1.278, 95% CI: 0.862-1.693). CONCLUSIONS: Sleep symptoms (insomnia and hypersomnia) directly elevate suicide risk, exerting a stronger influence than depressive symptoms. This association is most pronounced in younger patients, particularly early adolescents (≤15 years), highlighting the critical need for early, sleep-focused interventions in youth suicide prevention.
Development and External Validation of a Prediction Model to Identify Suicide Attempters in Treatment-Naive Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder.
Song Y, Dai M, Fan Q … +9 more , Pan L, Wu Y, Shao J, Lin C, Luo W, Cen Y, Xie C, Wang X, Luo J
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41768591 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Suicidal behavior in adolescents poses a significant risk, and suicide attempts are the strongest predictors of suicide death. Patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are at high risk of attempting suic...
BACKGROUND: Suicidal behavior in adolescents poses a significant risk, and suicide attempts are the strongest predictors of suicide death. Patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are at high risk of attempting suicide. However, there is still a lack of effective tools in clinical settings to identify these suicide attempters. METHODS: The study assessed suicidal attempts and their predictive factors in adolescents first diagnosed with MDD from August 1, 2022, to May 31, 2024. Five algorithms were used for model construction: logistic regression, random forest, decision tree, support vector machine, and XGBoost. Finally, we evaluated the performance of the best model using an independent external validation set. RESULTS: The study included 820 untreated adolescent first-visit MDD patients (618 females [75.4%], average age 14.67 ± 1.69 years). Of these, 481 (58.7%) had disclosed suicidal ideation to others, and 299 (36.5%) reported having attempted suicide. Predictive variables for the outcome included age, grade, BMI z-score, levels of depression and anxiety, sleep quality, history of being left behind, father's occupation, primary residence before age 16, history of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) within the last year, and history of disclosure of suicidal ideation. The XGBoost model showed the highest prediction accuracy (ROC_AUC, 0.72; PR_AUC, 0.65) and sensitivity (0.85) after external validation. The history of NSSI within the last year had the strongest predictive effect on suicide attempts, followed by disclosure of suicidal ideation, sleep quality, BMI z-score, and anxiety levels. CONCLUSIONS: Despite including only 11 easily collectible clinical variables, the XGBoost model effectively identifies suicide attempters among untreated adolescent first-visit MDD patients and performs stably in external validation sets. This is beneficial for clinicians to conduct evidence-based suicide prevention efforts.
Disentangling Heterogeneity in the Co-Developmental of Anxiety and Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights From Cross-Lagged Panel Network.
Ma Z, Chen XY, Yu Z … +4 more , Li Y, Zhao S, Wang D, Fan F
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41743249 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have indicated substantial variations in anxiety and depressive symptoms over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about the comorbidity rates, heterogeneous co-devel...
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have indicated substantial variations in anxiety and depressive symptoms over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about the comorbidity rates, heterogeneous co-developmental trajectories, and temporal network dynamics of these symptoms. Integrating person-centered and network psychopathology approaches, this study aimed to investigate the comorbidity rates and longitudinal network structures of anxiety and depressive symptoms across distinct co-developmental trajectories during the pandemic. METHODS: A total of 35,516 college students completed three-wave surveys during the COVID-19 pandemic. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7-item and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, respectively. Co-developmental trajectories were identified via a Parallel-Process Latent Growth Curve Model, and symptom networks were constructed using a cross-lagged panel network (CLPN). RESULTS: Results showed that over 40% of individuals with depression also experienced anxiety across different pandemic phases. Three heterogeneous co-developmental trajectories were identified: a resistance group, a persistent growth group, and a chronic co-occurring group. The most influential symptoms-those exerting the strongest effect on subsequent symptoms-varied across the three networks. In the resistance group, "Anhedonia" was the most central symptom; in the persistent growth group, "Motor" exhibited the strongest predictive effect; and in the chronic co-occurring group, "Guilt" was the most influential symptom. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the necessity of developing targeted and individualized interventions tailored to specific symptom dynamics in different youth subgroups to alleviate the overall symptom burden in future public health crises.
Anger and Anxiety as Sequential Predictors of Fatigue: A Two-Wave Longitudinal Study.
Zhou S, Guo H, Liu X … +4 more , Ding L, Fu R, Nie Y, Wang L
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41737356 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Fatigue occurs at a high rate among college students. Anger and anxiety are thought to be important triggers for fatigue. The mechanisms underlying the association between anger and fatigue remain unclear. Th...
BACKGROUND: Fatigue occurs at a high rate among college students. Anger and anxiety are thought to be important triggers for fatigue. The mechanisms underlying the association between anger and fatigue remain unclear. The objective of this longitudinal study was to examine a sequential predictive pathway in which anger prospectively predicts fatigue through anxiety among Chinese university students. METHOD: The participants in this current study were 3475 college students (2686 females and 789 males, 15-42 years old, = 19.78 years, SD = 1.96) from a university in Xinxiang City, Henan province, mainland China. Data for this two-wave longitudinal study were collected via online surveys at two timepoints: October 2023 (T1) and April 2024 (T2). The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anger scale, Anxiety scale, and Fatigue scale were used to assess state-like emotional functioning (anger and anxiety assessed over the past 7 days) at each wave. These week-based assessments were conceptualized as indicators of participants' proximal emotional conditions at each timepoint rather than emotions persisting across the entire 6-month interval. RESULTS: In longitudinal structural equation models, T1 anger significantly predicted higher anxiety at follow-up ( = 0.314, 95% CI [0.267,0.362], < 0.001). The autoregressive effect of T1 anxiety on T2 anxiety was also significant ( = 0.315, 95% CI [0.264, 0.368], < 0.001). Likewise, T1 anxiety significantly predicted increases in T2 fatigue ( = 0.267, 95% CI [0.225,0.310], < 0.001) even after accounting for the autoregressive effect of T1 fatigue ( = 0.339, 95% CI [0.296,0.382], < 0.001). To enhance transparency, a supplementary structural model was estimated to assess the direct predictive effect of T1 anger on T2 fatigue. After controlling for T1 fatigue, T1 anger showed a significant direct association with T2 fatigue ( = 0.396, 95% CI [0.316,0.477], < 0.001). Overall, the findings support a sequential prediction pattern in which earlier anger predicts later increases in anxiety, which subsequently predict increases in fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence for a sequential predictive pathway linking anger to fatigue via anxiety in college students. These findings suggest that baseline state-like emotional functioning-rather than enduring traits-can initiate longer-term psychological processes. Interventions that reduce anger and anxiety at their point of emergence may help interrupt this temporal chain and ultimately alleviate fatigue.
Correction to "Factors Associated With Depressive Symptoms Among Graduate Students in Science and Technology: A Cross-Sectional Study With Multivariable Analysis".
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41737355 · Full text
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/da/8886228.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/da/8886228.].
Polygenic Risks for Mood Disorders and Economic Well-being: Study of Finnish Cohorts.
Hazak A, Liuhanen J, Kantojärvi K … +7 more , Kukk M, Sulkava S, Jääskeläinen T, Salomaa V, Koskinen S, Perola M, Paunio T
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41737354 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Polygenic scores (PGS) for mood disorders provide population-level measures of genetic liability, allowing examination of how common mental health-related traits associate with socio-economic outcomes. This s...
BACKGROUND: Polygenic scores (PGS) for mood disorders provide population-level measures of genetic liability, allowing examination of how common mental health-related traits associate with socio-economic outcomes. This study investigated how PGS for depression (DPGS), bipolar disorder (BDPGS) and overall mood disorders (MDPGS) predict economic outcomes in the general population. METHODS: We studied genetic and socio-economic registry data alongside repeated cross-sectional surveys from six Finnish cohorts (1992-2017; = 20,121; ages 25-64), representative of various regions. Using multiple regression models, we examined associations between PGS and educational attainment, employment status, occupational type, equivalent income and economic satisfaction. RESULTS: All PGS were negatively associated with employment probability, although their associations with other economic outcomes varied depending on educational attainment as a mediating factor. BDPGS was positively associated with higher educational attainment and engagement in knowledge work, particularly among females. However, BDPGS showed no significant associations with equivalent income or economic satisfaction. In contrast, DPGS was negatively associated with educational attainment and demonstrated negative associations with knowledge work, equivalent income and economic satisfaction. MDPGS, consolidating depression and bipolar disorder (BD) risks, showed no significant association with educational attainment but was negatively associated with equivalent income and economic satisfaction. Additionally, DPGS and MDPGS were linked to a lower likelihood of self-employment among males. CONCLUSIONS: The genetic predispositions for depression and BD exhibit distinct and sometimes opposing relationships with economic outcomes, mediated by education. Although effect sizes were substantial, genetic risks could still be mitigated by environmental factors, such as education and institutional frameworks, that foster economic resilience. The lack of association between MDPGS and educational level highlights the offsetting effects of its components, suggesting that focusing on specific mental disorders rather than generalisations offers clearer insights into the genetic underpinnings of brain health-related economic disparities in the general population.
Patients Reported Adverse Effects of Antidepressants Among Depressive Disorder and Associated Risk Factors: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.
Chanie GS, Geremew GW, Beyna AT … +8 more , Fenta Misker M, Ayele HS, Teshager AW, Takele GM, Bizuneh GK, Azanaw J, Belachew EA, Simegn W
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41737353 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Over the last two decades, antidepressant usage has seen a notable rise. Following the initiation of antidepressant medication, numerous patients experience adverse drug reactions. The main objective of this...
BACKGROUND: Over the last two decades, antidepressant usage has seen a notable rise. Following the initiation of antidepressant medication, numerous patients experience adverse drug reactions. The main objective of this research was to determine the adverse effects of antidepressants, and identify the associated factors for outpatients who had been diagnosed with depression in three chosen clinics specializing in psychiatry in Ethiopia. METHODS: A prospective multicenter cross-sectional study was carried out from June 12, 2024, to November 13, 2024, involving a total of 422 participants. An antidepressant side effect checklist (ASEC) was employed to evaluate side effects, and unstructured questionnaires were reviewed through interviews conducted with patients and their caregivers. The data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 26.0. A descriptive summary of the data was compiled through analysis, and the findings were reported in terms of frequencies and percentages. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between the predictor variables and the outcome measure. Associations were evaluated using odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Among patients with depressive disorders, the antidepressant adverse effects were observed in 82.9% of cases, with a 95% CI of 79.6-86.7. The most common adverse effects were weight gain (64%), nausea and vomiting (51%), dry mouth (49%), and headache (41%). Female was associated with a threefold increased risk of antidepressant drug adverse effects (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 2.73, 5.43). Additionally, being unemployed (AOR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.30, 6.52), having a monthly income of 620 Ethiopian Birr (AOR = 4.53, 95% CI: 4.24, 9.58), limited physical activity (AOR = 4.52, 95% CI: 3.47, 11.87, and AOR = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.92, 4.32), consuming alcohol (AOR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.20, 3.03), and using drugs for more than 2 years (AOR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.25, 3.58) were significantly linked to antidepressant drug adverse effects in patients with depressive disorders. CONCLUSION: Depressive disorder treatment often encounters side effects from antidepressants. Women who are unemployed, have a monthly income of less than 620 Ethiopian Birr, engage in a limited level of physical activity, consume alcohol, and have used drugs for more than 2 years experienced significant adverse effects from antidepressants.
Correction to "Marital Adjustment as a Mediator Between Emotional Suppression and Self-Compassion in Women Aged 35+ Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study".
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41695256 · Full text
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/da/2100969.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/da/2100969.].
Semantic Agency Patterns Signal Depressive Experiences: Evidence From Postpartum Communication on Social Media.
Witkowska M, Beneda M, Formanowicz M … +6 more , Leszko M, Arslan S, Nikadon J, Kowalski J, Erseghe T, Suitner C
Depress Anxiety · 2026 · PMID 41668692 · Full text
Depression-related symptoms, such as loss of motivation and diminished interest in activities, correspond to loss of agency. Given recent evidence that agency (or its lack) can be reliably detected in language, we invest...
Depression-related symptoms, such as loss of motivation and diminished interest in activities, correspond to loss of agency. Given recent evidence that agency (or its lack) can be reliably detected in language, we investigated how linguistic manifestations of agency relate to depressive experiences. In two studies, we explored whether semantic agency can serve as a novel marker of depressive experiences within the context of postpartum. We analyzed data from Twitter (Study 1, = 17,664 tweets) and Reddit (Study 2, = 3033 posts), using three complementary approaches: machine learning-based topic detection, analysis of established linguistic markers of depression, and expert coding of depressive experiences. Across both studies, reduced semantic agency consistently emerged as a reliable indicator of depressive features. Posts discussing individuals' depressive experiences in the postpartum period exhibited lower levels of semantic agency; semantic agency within posts was negatively correlated with established linguistic markers of depression; and semantic agency was negatively linked to depressive experiences as coded by experts. These findings highlight the potential of semantic analysis for mental health applications, suggesting that agency-based markers could enrich existing linguistic frameworks examining psychological distress. While this research is at an early stage, future validation could clarify whether such markers might enhance the sensitivity of language-based screening tools for identifying individuals in need of mental health support.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe