Nigerian Quarterly Journal Of Hospital Medicine[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Willingness of Nigerians to donate a kidney.
Adekoya AO, Desalu OO, Onakoya JA … +5 more , Adeyeye OO, Aderibigbe A, Adekoya BJ, Nwogu K, Dosunmu A
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24568065
BACKGROUND: Kidney transplantation is a popular modality of RRT in the developed world. OBJECTIVE: To assess the willingness of the general population of Nigerians across the country to donate a kidney METHODS: This is a...
BACKGROUND: Kidney transplantation is a popular modality of RRT in the developed world. OBJECTIVE: To assess the willingness of the general population of Nigerians across the country to donate a kidney METHODS: This is a multiregional, cross sectional, questionnaire based study. One thousand Three hundred respondents participated in the study. This study was carried out in four major Towns and cities across Nigeria between January 2009 and December 2010. The locations are Birnin Kebbi in the north, Ilorin in the middle belt, Iddo Ekiti in the south and Lagos, the economic capital of Nigeria. The respondents were randomly selected within the four localities. Those below the age of 16 or above the age of 65 years were excluded from the study RESULTS: There were 727 (55.9%) males. The mean age (S.D) of respondents was 39.5 (10.7) years. The largest population of participants, 494 (38.3%) were non health workers and 692 (53.2%) of them were Muslims. Eight hundred and fifty eight (66%) of the participants were willing to donate a kidney. Twenty five percent (25% were not willing and 115 (8.9%) were not sure. Majority of those who were unwilling to donate a kidney, 325 (99.4%) will not change their minds even if they were to be given incentives CONCLUSION: Nigerians are willing to donate a kidney irrespective of geographical location, religion or gender and many are willing to do so altruistically.
Pipkin fractures: fracture of the head of femur a case report.
Adekoya-Cole TO, Enweluzo GO, Akinmokun OI … +1 more , Oguche OE
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24568064
Pipkin fracture is the fracture of the head of the femur. It can be associated with neck of femur fracture or/and posterior dislocation of the hip. This fracture is very rare fracture and has not been reported at our sub...
Pipkin fracture is the fracture of the head of the femur. It can be associated with neck of femur fracture or/and posterior dislocation of the hip. This fracture is very rare fracture and has not been reported at our sub-region. We present this fracture in a 26 year old with a type I Pipkin fracture treated with closed reduction and percutaneous k-wire fixation. Five (5) year after, she was very appreciative of her management with satisfactory remodeling of her femoral head.
Minimising cornea scarring from the use of harmful traditional eye remedies in developing countries.
Adekoya BJ, Ayanniyi AA, Adepoju FG … +2 more , Omolase CO, Owoeye JF
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24568063
Corneal scarring is the fourth largest cause of blindness globally, and a much more prominent factor in developing countries. Blindness from corneal scarring is largely a preventable phenomenon, and is capable of causing...
Corneal scarring is the fourth largest cause of blindness globally, and a much more prominent factor in developing countries. Blindness from corneal scarring is largely a preventable phenomenon, and is capable of causing significant morbidity that can last for a lifetime. A significant proportion of these cases are caused by the use of harmful traditional eye medicines/remedies, and are used and prescribed by friends, relatives and traditional healers, with widespread use especially in developing countries. Use of traditional remedies can also cause harm indirectly by causing delays before seeking medical treatment. Reducing corneal scarring from the use of harmful traditional medicine is through a combination of approaches with the key strategies being community diagnosis, education, participation, and intervention, with provision of basic eye care integrated into the primary health care of the community. Collaboration with traditional healers in the community is also another approach that has been found to be useful.
Honey improves healing of circumscribed excision injury to the paniculus adiposus in albino rats.
Osuegbu OI, Yama OE, Edibamode EI … +3 more , Awolola NA, Clement AB, Amah CI
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24568062
BACKGROUND: Honey promoteswound healing. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we described the anatomical perspective of honey on wound healing in male rats. METHODS: The twenty-four male rats used were randomly divided equally int...
BACKGROUND: Honey promoteswound healing. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we described the anatomical perspective of honey on wound healing in male rats. METHODS: The twenty-four male rats used were randomly divided equally into treated Experimental (E) and Control (C) groups. Infliction of wound done under anaesthesia; honey was used for wound dressing in E, distilled water firmly held by plaster in C. Monitoring of wound contraction were carried out at the interval of three days till the wound healed. The histology of granulation tissue excised from the wounds of rats was also done. RESULTS: Mean wound contraction (%) of rats in E on days 3, 6, and 9 were: 35.32 +/- 5.5; 57.56 +/- 0.7 and 82.30 +/- 0.9% compared to 26.50 +/- 1.2; 46.69 +/- 0.4 and 61.24 +/- 1.0% of rats in C. Honey treated groups showed significant increase (p < 0.05) in percentage of wound contraction in all treatment days. Complete wound closure day was also significantly shorter. On day 3, E showed a more intense infiltration by neutrophils and macrophages as well as features suggestive of edema and necrosis. On day 9, the connective tissues of E revealed markedly increased fibroblasts, less neutrophils, and presence of numerous new capillary blood vessels. CONCLUSION: The use of honey accelerates the wound healing process.
Preparedness of government owned dental clinics for the management of medical emergencies: a survey of government dental clinics in Lagos.
Gbotolorun OM, Babatunde LB, Osisanya O … +1 more , Omokhuale E
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24568061
BACKGROUND: An emergency is a medical condition demanding immediate treatments. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the knowledge and ability of dental surgeons in the management of medical emergencies and t...
BACKGROUND: An emergency is a medical condition demanding immediate treatments. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the knowledge and ability of dental surgeons in the management of medical emergencies and the availability of emergency drugs and equipment in government dental clinics and hospitals in Lagos State. METHODS: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study of knowledge and ability of Dental Surgeons in the management of medical emergencies, prevalence of medical emergencies in dental practice and availability of emergency drugs and equipment in dental practice in government dental clinics and hospitals in Lagos State. The study covered 22 government dental clinics and hospitals in Lagos State. Data obtained was entered into a computerand analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version-16 data analysis software. Chi Square and cross-tabulations were used for the analysis. A 95% Confidence Level was used and a p-value of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Of a population of 255 Dental Surgeons on the nominal rolls of all the health institutions, 224 (87%)responded.Of the total respondents, 204 (91.1%) stated they had no emergency kit in their dental clinics (p < 0.05) while 158 respondents (70.5%) stated they had no emergency drugs in their dental practice to manage medical emergencies (p < 0.05). The commonest emergencies reported was syncope 104 respondents (33.8%). 161 respondents (71.9%) claimed they are able to manage medical emergencies encountered in their dental practice if kits and drugs are available. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study show that government dental clinics/hospital in Lagos seem not to be adequately prepared to manage medical emergency. Although 71.9% of the dentist claimed they could mange such emergencies should they arise 91.1% and 70% of the respondent claimed they and no emergency kits and drugs to manage such emergencies in their hospital respectively should they arise.
Causes and pattern of tooth loss in children and adolescents in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.
Olatosi OO, Sote EO
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24568060
BACKGROUND: Tooth loss diminishes the quality of life and is also related to poorer general health. Premature tooth loss in children can have devastating effects such as compromised aesthetics and function, mesial and di...
BACKGROUND: Tooth loss diminishes the quality of life and is also related to poorer general health. Premature tooth loss in children can have devastating effects such as compromised aesthetics and function, mesial and distal drifts of adjacent teeth leading to crowding and impaction of the permanent successors and other forms of malocclusion. OBJECTIVE: To assess the causes and pattern of tooth loss in children and adolescents at the Paedodontic Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos. METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out at the Paedodontic Unit of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos using clinical records over a period of time from January 2008 to April 2010. Information obtained included age, gender, missing and extracted teeth, and reasons for extraction/tooth loss. Exfoliated primary teeth and congenitally missing teeth were excluded. Data was analysed using Epi info 2007 statistical software. Chi-square test was used to compare proportions of tooth loss among age groups. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 493 patients aged 1-16 years had lost one or more teeth due to various reasons. There were 244 (49.5%) males and 249 (50.5%) females. Majority of the subjects lost their teeth due to caries and its sequelae (64.3%) compared to trauma (10.8%) and orthodontic reasons (23.5%). Seven (1.4%) lost their teeth due to failure of previous treatment such as pulp therapy. CONCLUSION: Extraction largely due to caries and its sequelae was responsible for most of the tooth loss among the study population. There is the need for intensified oral health education and awareness programmes in the populace with emphasis on prevention of dental caries and early presentation for dental treatment in order to avert premature tooth loss in children and adolescents.
The Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal 1999 to 2008: a scientometric appraisal.
Obajemu AS, Ekere FC, Ezeani CN
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24568059
BACKGROUND: Scientometric is one of the emerging concepts used to analyze the growth, structure, interrelationships amongst the disciplines and the productivity of the volume of intellectual publications. For the sake of...
BACKGROUND: Scientometric is one of the emerging concepts used to analyze the growth, structure, interrelationships amongst the disciplines and the productivity of the volume of intellectual publications. For the sake of qualitative acquisition of the relevant information resources from the avalanche of the information world, scientometric or bibliometric is relevant research methodological approach that will enhance quality collection and determines the core texts, core journals, core information and core research areas. Hence its absence of application may negate medical libraries collection development. OBJECTIVE: The essence of the research work is to determine the quantum volume of research output, patterns of research collaboration by authorship, geographical, subject, and citations distributions. METHODS: Information was transcribed on cataloguing cards for the generation of databank. Subject analysis was done by using medical subject headings 2010 edition and Bradford's Statistical methodology was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Results showed that a total number of articles produced was 576. The most productive research year was 2007 which pooled 80 (13.9%) articles and 12,182 was the total number of references cited.Also, year 2007 pooled the highest number of references cited 1722 (14.1%). December issues ranked the highest with 151 articles, September issues produced the highest citations with 3,409; two authorship collaborations accounted for the highest number with 162 (28.1%) articles. CONCLUSION: Adoption of scientometric or bibliometric or informetric in analyzing journal for a period of time is a useful strategy to know the direction of publication of a journal, its strengths and weaknesses, unravels high concentration areas and the low concentration areas and helps to harmonize the deficiencies.
Pharmacist's intervention in the control of blood sugar levels in randomised diabetes patients at a primary health care setting in Benin City.
Bello SI, Ganiyu KA, Dakop YO … +1 more , Erah PO
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24568058
BACKGROUND: The extended roles of pharmacists in Nigeria in the improvement of quality of health care at the primary health care (PHC) level is currently poorly executed even though pharmacists have been proven to be inv...
BACKGROUND: The extended roles of pharmacists in Nigeria in the improvement of quality of health care at the primary health care (PHC) level is currently poorly executed even though pharmacists have been proven to be involved in interventional activities in health care delivery. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate pharmacists' intervention in the control of blood sugar levels of diabetes patients in a PHC setting in Benin City, Nigeria. METHODS: At baseline, the fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) of randomly selected 170 diabetic patients in a primary health care centre were evaluated. This was followed-up with intervention by the pharmacists through counselling on lifestyle modification, self-medication and drug adherence on monthly basis for three consecutive months after which the FBS, HbA1c, BMI and BP were re-evaluated. RESULTS: indicated significant reduction in BMI, HbA1c and FBS from 27.1 +/- 4.2 kg/m2, 8.1 +/- 3.0% and 10.0 +/- 4.2 mmol/l to 23.5 +/- 3.5 kg/m2, 7.1 +/- 1.8% and 8.5 +/- 2.1 mmol/l, respectively (p < 0.001) was observed following the intervention by the pharmacists. CONCLUSION: Direct involvement of pharmacists in the care of diabetic patients in PHC settings can significantly improve the quality of life provided to these patients and hence reduce mortality resulting from the disease. Recruitment of reasonable number of pharmacists should always be considered in health policies for PHC settings in developing countries.
Neurobehavioural and neurotoxic effects of L-ascorbic acid and L-tryptophan in lead exposed rats.
Ebuehi OA, Ayinde OC
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24568057
BACKGROUND: Lead is an environmental toxicant, occupational and environmental exposures remain a serious problem in developing and industrializing countries. OBJECTIVE: This study is designed to investigate the effects o...
BACKGROUND: Lead is an environmental toxicant, occupational and environmental exposures remain a serious problem in developing and industrializing countries. OBJECTIVE: This study is designed to investigate the effects of L-ascorbic acid and L-tryptophan on the neurotoxicity and neurobehavioural alterations in lead exposed male Sprague Dawley rats. METHODS: Experimental animals were exposed to oral doses of lead (Pb), L-ascorbic acid, and L-tryptophan at 75 mg/kg body weight, 40 mg/kg body weight, and 20 mg/kg body weight respectively, while control animals received 0.90% saline solution. Oral administration spanned for four weeks after which changes in neuro-behaviour, organ weight, blood deposition of Pb, brain serotonin, tryptophan and neuronal redox status were determined. Changes in organ weight, blood lead levels, neuro-behavioural characteristics, brain serotonin and tryptophan contents, and brain redox status were determined. RESULTS: The results indicated that Pb exposure increased blood lead, organ-weight index, and behavioural signs of anxiety and aggression. The sub-chronic exposure to Pb also decreased brain serotonin, while causing oxidative stress by decreasing reduced glutathione levels, antioxidant enzyme activity and increasing lipid peroxidation and brain protein contents. L-ascorbic acid attenuated both Pb induced neuronal oxidative stress, and abnormalities in behaviour. But L-tryptophan ameliorated Pb altered neurobehaviour with no significant effect on Pb induced oxidative stress in the brain. Co-administration of L-ascorbic acid and L-tryptophan on Pb exposed rats showed a reversal in all indices assessed towards the physiological state of control. CONCLUSION: This suggests that L-ascorbic and L-tryptophan can be used to compliment chelating therapy in lead neurotoxicity.
The accuracy of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of breast pathology in symptomatic women.
Irurhe NK, Adekola OO, Awosanya GO … +4 more , Adeyomoye AO, Olowoyeye OA, Awolola NA, Olajide TO
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24568056
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among females, accounting for 23% of total cancer cases and 14% of cancer deaths worldwide. The developing countries...
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among females, accounting for 23% of total cancer cases and 14% of cancer deaths worldwide. The developing countries are catching up with this trend. Breast ultrasound when properly performed and interpreted, is an indispensable tool in breast imaging. The early diagnosis and treatment of breast masses reduces the morbidity and mortality associated with delayed diagnosis of breast carcinoma. The use of breast ultrasound is gaining ground in recent time, this is due to current advances in ultrasound technology which permit greater spatial and contrast resolution and shortened scan time. OBJECTIVE: To determine the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of ultrasound in the detection of palpable breast masses and to correlate the findings of ultrasound with the findings of fine needle aspiration cytology, or histopathology. METHODS: Breast ultrasound scanning was done in 100 patients with signs and symptoms of breast lesion referred from the Surgical out Patient Clinic to the Radiodiagnosis Department of Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). Histology reports were collected from either the case note or Morbid Anatomy department to correlate the findings with ultrasound diagnosis. RESULTS: The mean age was 41.7 +/- 11.34 (18-59) years. Symptoms of breast lesion were highest in the age group 41-50 years 38 (38%), and least in 18-20 years 4 (4%). When the use of ultrasonography was compared with the histopathology report in the diagnosis of breast lesion in the studied population, the sensitivity was 100%, specificity (96.6%), accuracy (97%), posting predictive value (PPV) 81.3%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 100%. The accuracy, specificity and PPV however decreased with increasing age. CONCLUSION: Ultrasonography of the breast is useful in the diagnosis of breast lesions, because of the high sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic value it exhibited with histopathologic findings.
Orbital cellulitis: clinical course and management challenges. the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital experience.
Balogun BG, Balogun MM, Adekoya BJ
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24568055
BACKGROUND: Orbital cellulitis is a devastating acute infection of orbital soft tissues located posterior to the orbital septum. It is both vision and life-threatening. It is an ocular emergency which most often present...
BACKGROUND: Orbital cellulitis is a devastating acute infection of orbital soft tissues located posterior to the orbital septum. It is both vision and life-threatening. It is an ocular emergency which most often present in childhood. OBJECTIVE: This article reviewed cases presenting during the study period with the view of examining the pattern of presentation, clinical course and management challenges. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients presenting with orbital cellulitis between January 2008 and June 2011. Socio-demographic data, entry and discharge visual acuity, presenting complaints, predisposing factors, duration of complaints, admission period and complications were extracted from clinical records and analyzed. RESULTS: Seventeen (17) patients presented with orbital cellulitis constituting 6.2% of ocular emergency admissions during the study period. Twelve (70.6%) were males. Thirteen (76.5%) were children. The major predisposing factors were upper respiratory tract infections, and facial and globe injuries in five (22.7%) cases respectively. Only five (29.4%), presented within three days of disease onset. Average duration of admission was 10.6 days. Complications during the course of disease were category 4 and 5 blindness in five (23.5%), orbital abscess four (23.5%), cavernous sinus thrombosis two (11.8%), contralateral preseptal cellulitis two (11.8%) and exposure keratopathy in one (5.9%). CONCLUSION: Orbital cellulitis has remained a disease with high ocular morbidity. The major management challenges were poor financial status of patients precluding necessary diagnostic laboratory and imaging studies. Early recognition, diagnosis and treatment are crucial to the preservation of vision and reduced occurrence of complications. The importance of record keeping is also highlighted.
Effects of streptozotocin, fructose and sucrose-induced insulin resistance on plasma and urinary electrolytes in male Sprague-Dawley rats.
Arikawe AP, Udenze IC, Akinwolere MF … +2 more , Ogunsola AO, Oghogholosu RT
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24568054
BACKGROUND: Several groups in recent times have related the pathogenesis of renal haemodynamic changes in diabetes and most of the experimental diabetic conditions studied so far were carried out using streptozotocin inj...
BACKGROUND: Several groups in recent times have related the pathogenesis of renal haemodynamic changes in diabetes and most of the experimental diabetic conditions studied so far were carried out using streptozotocin injection only. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of streptozotocin, fructose and sucrose induced insulin resistance on plasma and urinary electrolytes. Closely related to this aim, was the view to suggest which profoundly potentiate insulin resistance more between fructose and sucrose. METHODS: Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups Group 1 > control group. Group 2 > served as streptozotocin group, rendered diabetic by a single dose IP injection of Streptozotocin 45 mg/kg in 0.1 M freshly dissolved in Na+ citrate buffer pH 4.5. Hyperglycaemia confirmed after 48 hours. Groups 3 and 4 > served as 25% fructose and 50% fructose groups respectively; fed on a diet containing 25% and 50% fructose (W/W) for 12 weeks. Groups 5 and 6 > served as 25% sucrose and 50% sucrose groups respectively; fed on a diet containing 25% and 50% sucrose (W/W) for 12 weeks. Hyperglycaemia confirmed at the 12th week. RESULTS: Plasma and urinary sodium and potassium were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the 25% and 50% sucrose groups compared to the other groups. Plasma and urinary chloride was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the 25% and 50% fructose groups compared to the other groups. Plasma creatinine and urea was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the streptozotocin, 25% and 50% Sucrose groups compared to all the other groups. Urinary creatinine and urea was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the streptozotocin, and 25% Fructose groups compared to all the other groups. CONCLUSION: The elevated levels of plasma and urinary electrolytes are presumptive markers of diabetes associated lesions in the kidneys of rats. Fructose potentiated insulin resistance effect more than sucrose though sucrose might have more effect on renal sodium handling.
Intravesical migration of a failed and forgotten intrauterine contraceptive device after 20 years of insertion--a case report.
Jeje EA, Ojewola RW, Atoyebi OA
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24564101
Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is a commonly utilized reversible contraceptive technique especially in the developing world. Though effective, it is not immune to complications. Migration of the device is a rar...
Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is a commonly utilized reversible contraceptive technique especially in the developing world. Though effective, it is not immune to complications. Migration of the device is a rare but serious complication which may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. We report a case of a 45 yr old woman who had IUCD inserted 20 years earlier and had forgotten about it since she subsequently had three full-term pregnancies leading to successful vaginal deliveries. The forgotten IUCD was discovered incidentally during evaluation of the woman for haematuria as it had migrated to the wall of the bladder. The case is reported to increase index of suspicion as detailed clinical history is important in evaluating cases of haematuria.
Perception of dentine hypersensitivity and its management by a group of Nigerian dentists.
Afolabi AO, Ogundipe OK, Adegbulugbe IC … +1 more , Shaba OP
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24564100
BACKGROUND: Dentists need to be aware of the management of dentine sensitivity in view of its high prevalence. OBJECTIVE: The study is to determine by questionnaire the perception of dentine hypersensitivity (DH) and its...
BACKGROUND: Dentists need to be aware of the management of dentine sensitivity in view of its high prevalence. OBJECTIVE: The study is to determine by questionnaire the perception of dentine hypersensitivity (DH) and its management by Nigerian Dentists. METHOD: A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 176 Nigerian Dentists who attended professional dental workshops in Lagos, Ife and Jos, Nigeria. RESULTS: The majority (73.3%) of the responding dentists claimed to see patients with DH. Nearly half (45.1%) of the dentists mentioned cold as the commonest stimulus evoking pain in DH while 56.8% could correctly identified the hydrodynamic theory as the commonest theory of tooth hypersensitivity. Multifactorial aetiology identified as causing DH included tooth wear lesions, periodontal causes and bruxism. Treatment options suggested varies but non-invasive was mentioned more than the invasive techniques. Sensodyne toothpaste was the commonest desensitising paste mentioned. The knowledge of Nigerian Dentists was found to be associated with the specialty of the practitioners (p = 0.0004). CONCLUSION: Dental Practitioners, especially the General Dental Practitioners should be enthusiastic in updating their knowledge of DH and the management. Prevention of DH by the Patients and the Dentists should be emphasised.
Pattern and outcome of cases seen at the Adult Accident and Emergency Department of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos.
Uzoechina NS, Abiola AO, Akodu BA … +4 more , Mbakwem A, Arogundade AR, Tijani H, Adegbesan-Omilabu MA
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24564099
BACKGROUND: The accident and emergency department constitutes one of the vital entry points of patients into the healthcare facility of the hospital the world over. It responds to and manages variety of cases in all the...
BACKGROUND: The accident and emergency department constitutes one of the vital entry points of patients into the healthcare facility of the hospital the world over. It responds to and manages variety of cases in all the clinical areas and thus pr vides an insight to the quality of care available in the health institution. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of cases seen as well as the causes of deaths at the adult accident and emergency department of the Lagos UniversityTeaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos. METHODS: Retrospective review of records of all patients attended to at the adult accident and emergency department of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital in 2009 and 2010 was carried out. Data spread sheet was used to collect data on demographic indices, diagnosis, outcome, date admitted, date discharged and amount paid from casualty attendance register and Nurses' report books. Data was collated and analysed using Epi-Info version 3.4.1 statistical software package. RESULTS: Out of the 5,427 available patients' records reviewed, 4,761(87.7%) were recorded as "discharged alive", 546 (10.1%) were recorded as "died", while 120 (2.2%) were recorded as "brought in dead". Of those discharged alive, male attendance was 2,376 (49.10%) while that of the female was 2,385 (50.10%). Majority of these patients were aged 20-39 years and the mean age of the patients was 39.96 +/- 18.22 yrs. Majority of cases seen were medical in origin (53.7%) and highest medical case seen was cerebrovascular accident, Commonest cause of death was from medical cases [69.2%] (cerebrovascular accident 22.0%). Male mortality was 55.3% while female mortality was 44.7%, mean age was 46.86 +/- 17.61. Most affected age group was 40 - 59 years (35.4%) and highest number of death was seen in December. CONCLUSION: The commonest case seen as well as commonest cause of death was cerebrovascular accident. A high number of heart failure, head injuries, road traffic accidents, upper gastrointestinal bleeding and post partum haemorrhage were also seen as common causes of death.The emergency physician must be well trained in skills required for the immediate management of patients with these cases.
Occupational stress among radiographers in Lagos, Nigeria.
Mogbeyiteren OM, Olowoyeye OO, Irurhe NK … +2 more , Ibitoye AZ, Udo EO
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24564098
BACKGROUND: Occupational stress induced injuries occur in various professions that require repetitive motion or physical exertion, such as Radiography. The injuries may involve body parts such as the neck, the upper back...
BACKGROUND: Occupational stress induced injuries occur in various professions that require repetitive motion or physical exertion, such as Radiography. The injuries may involve body parts such as the neck, the upper back, mid back, low back (waist), knee, elbow, wrist and hand and eyes. OBJECTIVE: To assess work related injuries medical radiographers are prone to, during practice of the profession in relation to their working conditions. METHODS: This study was conducted among registered practicing radiographers in Lagos State, South-West, Nigeria. Lagos is one of Nigeria's most populated states and economic nerve centre of Nigeria. Due to its population, there are many hospitals with radiodiagnostic facilities and radiodiagnostic centres which are either government or privately owned. Eighty registered radiographers in 21 hospitals and diagnostic centres participated in the study. They include three federal government owned institutions, three State government owned institutions and fifteen privately owned diagnostic centres. The respondents' status were made up of 38 males and 42 females where 37 of them were between 20-30 years, 11 were between 41-50 years and those above 51 years were 12. RESULTS: The results revealed that a majority (91.2%) of respondents stand during the course of their work. Waist, neck, heel, wrist and shoulder pains were common among the respondents. Some respondents frequently manifest frustration (78.7 %), insomnia (52.5 %), difficulty in concentration (56.2%), poor appetite (50.0%), irritation (67.5 %) and tension (63.8%) while lesser percentages experience such. CONCLUSION: This study showed that occupational stress sites susceptible to work induced stress injury. Musculoskeletal strain was the most common type. Waist/ low back, plantar/heel and wrist pains were also common among radiographers in Lagos, Nigeria.
Reasons and pattern of tooth extraction among patients presenting at a Nigerian semi-rural specialist hospital.
Taiwo OA, Alabi OA, Yusuf OM … +3 more , Ololo O, Olawole WO, Adeyemo WI
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24564097
BACKGROUND: Oral health is greatly influenced by health teeth. OBJECTIVE: The study is to determine the reasons and pattern of tooth extraction in patients seeking care at the oral surgery/Dental clinic in Rasheed Shekon...
BACKGROUND: Oral health is greatly influenced by health teeth. OBJECTIVE: The study is to determine the reasons and pattern of tooth extraction in patients seeking care at the oral surgery/Dental clinic in Rasheed Shekoni Specialist Hospital, Dutse, Jigawa between January 2010 and December 2011. METHODS: A retrospective review of records of dental extraction patients. Patients' records were analyzed for demographics, reason(s) for tooth extraction and tooth/teeth extracted. RESULTS: During the 2 years study period, 349 patients (M:F = 1.3:1) aged 2-65 years (mean = 29.7 years +/- 11.5 SD) had extraction of 377 teeth. Dental caries and its sequelae (91.2%) was the most frequent reason for tooth extraction across all age groups, followed distantly by periodontal disease (3.2%) and recurrent pericoronitis (3.0%). The highest proportion of extraction occurred between age 21 to 30 years of age. Mandibular first molars were the most commonly extracted tooth due to dental caries, followed by maxillary first and mandibular second molars. Mandibular molars were by far the more frequently extracted than maxillary molars. CONCLUSION: Dental caries and its sequelae was the main reason for removal of teeth in this section of Nigerian population. Therefore, there is urgent need to focus on the prevention and treatment of dental caries and its sequelae in order to maintain functional and healthy teeth throughout life.
Evaluation of association between digital dermatoglyphic traits and type-2 diabetes in Lagos, Nigeria.
Taiwo IA, Adebanjo OO
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24564096
BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a very serious problem in the world today. In particular, the incidence of type-2 diabetes is rising in developing countries because of life style changes to that of westernized societies. Type-2...
BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a very serious problem in the world today. In particular, the incidence of type-2 diabetes is rising in developing countries because of life style changes to that of westernized societies. Type-2 diabetes is usually a late onset disease. Thus, early identification of risk group individuals through a non-invasive method like dermatoglyphics will be very helpful. OBJECTIVE: To see whether finger print pattern (dermatoglyphics) is associated with type-2 diabetes. METHODS: Dermatoglyphic data were obtained from nondiabetic and type-2 diabetic subjects attending the Diabetic Clinic of Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) using a computer-assisted data capture system. The data were then analysed for association between the dermatoglyphic pattern and the subjects' health status with respect to type-2 diabetes. RESULTS: Total finger ridge count (TFRC) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in diabetic subjects than in non-diabetics. Results of cluster analysis suggested that dermatoglyphic pattern is associated with type-2 diabetes. CONCLUSION: In view of the association between finger print pattern and type-2 diabetes, dermatoglyphics may be used for early identification of risk group individuals for surveillance purposes with a view to preventing disease onset.
Effect of health education on knowledge, attitude and practices of personal hygiene among secondary school students in rural Sokoto, North West, Nigeria.
Abiola AO, Nwogu EE, Ibrahim MT … +1 more , Hassan R
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24564095
BACKGROUND: Personal hygiene related diseases are serious public health problems in developing countries. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of health education on knowledge, attitude, and practices of personal hygiene amon...
BACKGROUND: Personal hygiene related diseases are serious public health problems in developing countries. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of health education on knowledge, attitude, and practices of personal hygiene among rural secondary school students in Sokoto state, north western Nigeria. METHODS: A quasi-experimental controlled study with pretest and post-test design was carried out. A total 120 subjects per group were selected by multistage sampling technique. Two pre-tested instruments, structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and observer's checklist for personal hygiene practices were used for data collection. Health education intervention was carried out one week after baseline data collection and repeated after four weeks for the intervention group only. Postintervention data collection was carried out in both intervention and control groups three months after the 2nd intervention. However, for ethical consideration, the control group was also provided with the health education intervention similar to that provided to the intervention group. RESULTS: A total of 120 and 116 subjects in the intervention and control groups respectively participated in all phases of the study. The mean knowledge score (%) of the study subjects was high and similar (73.18 +/- 25.82; 77.06 +/- 21.79; p = 0.21) in both the intervention and control groups at baseline, but differed very significantly (91.16 +/- 11.03; 81.74 +/- 21.78; p < 0.0001) at post-intervention. The mean attitude score (%) was high but differ significantly (82.6 +/- 12.73; 86.38 +/- 10.74; p = 0.01) between the intervention and control groups at baseline, and further differed very significantly (95.5 +/- 3.66; 86.90 +/- 10.44; p < 0.0001) at post intervention. The mean reported practice score (%) was high but differ significantly (94.86 +/- 3.00; 93.25 +/- 6.31; p = 0.01) between the intervention and control groups at baseline, and further differed very significantly (96.68 +/- 4.08; 93.7 +/- 6.28; p < 0.0001) at post-intervention. The mean observed practice score (%) was high and similar (57.50 +/- 29.65; 61.35 +/- 28.49; p = 0.31) in both the intervention and control groups at baseline, but differed very significantly (88.20 +/- 9.99; 62.10 +/- 26.94; p < 0.0001) at post-intervention. CONCLUSION: Health education intervention had impact on knowledge base, attitude and practice of study subjects in intervention group compared to control group. Personal hygiene health education is therefore recommended to be taught in secondary schools.
Stroke among young adults at the LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria.
Mustapha AF, Sanya EO, Bello TO
Nig Q J Hosp Med · 2012 · PMID 24564094
BACKGROUND: Stroke in young adults is relatively rare and there are very few hospital reports about it in Nigeria. The aetiologic mechanisms of stoke among young adults are quite distinct from those of the adults' popula...
BACKGROUND: Stroke in young adults is relatively rare and there are very few hospital reports about it in Nigeria. The aetiologic mechanisms of stoke among young adults are quite distinct from those of the adults' populations. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the frequency, aetiologic mechanisms and prognosis of stroke among young adults at the LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Osogbo Nigeria. METHODS: The study was both retrospective and descriptive. Case notes of stroke patients aged 16-45 years managed at the LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Osogbo from June 2005 till February 2008 were retrieved. Demographic data, clinical profile of stroke, laboratory investigation results and treatment outcomes were collated. Clinical diagnosis and classification of stroke was mainly clinical using the WHO clinical criteria. Only 3 patients had cranial CT scan. RESULTS: Out of the total number of 208 stroke patients managed during this period, 27(12.9%) were aged 45 years and below. This comprised of 17 males and 10 females. The age range was between 23-45 years. Using the WHO clinical criteria, there were 14 cases of heamorrhagic CVD and 13 cases of ischaemic CVD. The three cranial CT scan that were done revealed cerebral infarction which was consistent with the clinical diagnosis. Severe hypertension was found in 16 (59.2%) patients on admission. 3 patients had clinical and electrocardiographic evidence of rheumatic heart disease with infective endocarditis. Other risk factors included Sickle cell disease, cardiac arrhythmias etc. 8 out of the 27 patients died giving a percentage mortality of 29.6% and 7 patients were discharged against medical advice. CONCLUSION: Heamorrhagic stroke was slightly more frequent than ischaemic CVD. Systemic hypertension was also found to be prevalent among these young Nigerian adults with stroke. However, it was difficult to unravel the aetiologic mechanisms of stroke in this study because of paucity of investigations.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe