Ifthikar MA, Kamath SN, Shetty R
… +2 more, Thippeswamy HG, Biswas S
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390917
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Abdomen is the second most common site of Tuberculosis. The diagnostic challenge of abdominal tuberculosis (TB) masquerading as endometriosis arises due to overlapping symptoms and the non-specific nature of both conditi...Abdomen is the second most common site of Tuberculosis. The diagnostic challenge of abdominal tuberculosis (TB) masquerading as endometriosis arises due to overlapping symptoms and the non-specific nature of both conditions. Abdominal TB can affect various organs, including the peritoneum, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, pelvic pain, and menstrual irregularities-symptoms that are also associated with endometriosis. The presentation is therefore vague and non specific ,making its diagnosis difficult. Abdominal tuberculosis at any age can always present as endometriosis or peritoneal carcinomatosis or ovarian malignancy, ileocecal c and other conditions with elevated CA125 levels and hence poses a diagnostic challenge. Presenting an interesting case of a 23 year old ,married female who presented to the ER with acute abdomen. Patient gives history of treatment for endometriosis for the past three months, in light of her symptoms and investigations that she presented with. Patient was posted for diagnostic laparoscopy and was diagnosed as intra abdominal TB with tissue diagnosis. Patient then received ATT and underwent infertility evaluation. Hence Diagnostic laparoscopy with tissue diagnosis is gold standard for timely diagnosis and treatment of Abdominal TB. Hence such cases must be approached with caution and with all the differentials in mind for prompt treatment.
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390916
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BACKGROUND: Serum Cyclophilin A (CyPA) is a 20 KD chaperone protein, secreted in response to oxidative stress and has an important role as mediator of inflammation. CyPA has been related to Preeclampsia (PE) and implicat...BACKGROUND: Serum Cyclophilin A (CyPA) is a 20 KD chaperone protein, secreted in response to oxidative stress and has an important role as mediator of inflammation. CyPA has been related to Preeclampsia (PE) and implicated as its potential biomarker. OBJECTIVES: To analyze serum Cyclophilin A levels in preeclamptic women and compare it with healthy pregnant women, in South India. We aimed to look for its validity as a predictive biomarker for PE. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study, conducted in pregnant women attending the OPD of a private medical college hospital in Salem. Maternal serum CyPA levels were assessed in PE and healthy pregnant women in their 2nd trimester (20-26 weeks) and repeated again in the 3rd trimester of PE women. RESULTS: Among 120 pregnant women recruited for the study, 60 were preeclamptic and 60 were healthy pregnant women. Higher serum CyPA levels were observed in PE group (34.58 ± 5.53 ng/ml), compared to healthy pregnant women (7.41 ± 7.7 ng/ml), < 0.001. CyPA also had good discriminating ability between PE & healthy pregnancy, (AUC = 0.971, 95% CI 0.932-1.00), with high sensitivity (98.33%)and specificity (98.33%). CONCLUSION: CyPA levels were markedly increased in preeclampsia, and could be a novel biomarker of preeclampsia.
Varun N, Mahey R, Kumari A
… +4 more, Kachhawa G, Deoghare M, Cheluvaraju R, Bhatla N
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390915
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OBJECTIVE: To report three cases of Robert's uterus and to describe the types, diagnostic methods, and management options for this rare Mullerian anomaly. METHODS: Three adolescent girls presented with progressive severe...OBJECTIVE: To report three cases of Robert's uterus and to describe the types, diagnostic methods, and management options for this rare Mullerian anomaly. METHODS: Three adolescent girls presented with progressive severe dysmenorrhea since menarche. Two girls had undergone inappropriate surgeries due to misdiagnosis in past which did not relieve their symptoms. MRI reported as juvenile cystic adenomyoma (JCA) in one girl and Robert's uterus in other two girls. RESULTS: All three patients underwent surgical intervention. The first patient underwent laparoscopic blind horn resection and residual myometrial closure. The decision was taken in view of severe symptoms, school dropout, large adenomyotic lesion, and previous one appendicectomy following misdiagnosis, and patient was not willing for any conservative management. The other two patients underwent transabdominal ultrasonography-guided hysteroscopic resection of septum and hematometra drainage. All the patients had relieved from dysmenorrhea and are asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: All girls presenting with progressive dysmenorrhea should be evaluated for Mullerian anomalies including the rare ones like Robert's uterus. USG-guided hysteroscopic septal resection may be considered for all cases of Robert's uterus for immediate symptom relief and better future reproductive outcomes. Further long-term follow-up of these patients undergoing conservative surgeries is warranted.
Rasekh Jahromi A, Ebadat H, Jokar M
… +2 more, Taghipour N, Rahmanian V
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390914
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INTRODUCTION: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most common symptom of the endometrial polyps in fertile and postmenopausal women. This study aimed to determine the optimal time to perform a transvaginal ultrasound...INTRODUCTION: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most common symptom of the endometrial polyps in fertile and postmenopausal women. This study aimed to determine the optimal time to perform a transvaginal ultrasound to diagnose endometrial polyps in the women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). METHOD: This descriptive study from the category of a follow-up study was conducted on 350 a group of fertile women with AUB that referred to a women's clinic in Jahrom, Southern Iran. The women with abnormal uterine bleeding at the women's clinic underwent transvaginal sonography. The research included patients who had endometrial polyps discovered during the sonography. Transvaginal sonography was performed on each patient once in the luteal and once in the follicular phases. A hysteroscopy was then conducted in order to get an accurate diagnosis. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal time to perform the ultrasound to diagnose endometrial polyps. RESULTS: Among the women in the study, 88.8% (310 participants) were multiparous, and endometrial polyps were detected in 47.4% (166 patients) with the transvaginal sonography of the women. Finally, endometrial polyps were confirmed for 107 patients (64.45%) with hysteroscopy. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal time to diagnose the endometrial polyps with transvaginal ultrasound was on days 11-13 of the menstrual cycle during the follicular phase, with a sensitivity of 82.5% and a specificity of 73%. CONCLUSIONS: By designating days 11-13 of the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle as the ideal time to utilize transvaginal ultrasound for the purpose of diagnosing endometrial lesions, it is possible to reduce errors and enhance the accessibility of treatment and diagnosis. This study provides essential information for clinicians to identify the endometrial polyps in the women with AUB.
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390912
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BACKGROUND: Mental health disorders accompanying polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are important but underestimated aspects. There is paucity of literature (Indian) regarding the association of PCOS and eating disorders....BACKGROUND: Mental health disorders accompanying polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are important but underestimated aspects. There is paucity of literature (Indian) regarding the association of PCOS and eating disorders. Objectives were-(1) know the distribution of PCOS patients across sociodemographic variables-age, BMI and parity. (2) Know the distribution of PCOS patients according to menstrual history. (3) Know the relative frequency (percentage) of different eating disorders (binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa) in the study population. (4) Analyze association between eating disorders and PCOS in comparison with normal age-matched controls by eating disorder examination questionnaire (EDE-Q) scores. METHODS: This institution-based cross-sectional observational study included consecutive 50 diagnosed PCOS patients of age 16-40 years giving explicit consent & equal number of age-matched controls. Patients with other concomitant diagnosed gynecological disorders and pregnancy were excluded. Study variables were-(1) age, (2) BMI, (3) parity, (4) menstrual status, (5) eating disorders and (6) EDE-Q subscale scores and global score. RESULTS: Mean age of PCOS patients is 26.56 ± 4.33 years. Majority of PCOS patients were overweight, nulliparous and oligomenorrheic with binge eating disorder (52%). Majority of control women were overweight, nulliparous and eumenorrheic without any eating disorder (88%). Independent t-test showed statistically significant differences between PCOS patients with eating disorder and non-PCOS control women with eating disorder in EDE-Q global score and eating concern, shape concern and weight concern subscale scores, but no significant difference was observed in restraint subscale score. CONCLUSION: Statistically significant association found between PCOS and eating disorder across all domains except restraint domain. Therefore, it is important to raise awareness and provide education to women about disordered eating in PCOS. Formalized treatment guidelines, collaborative multidisciplinary effort and high degree of clinical suspicion are required in health professionals for timely diagnosis of both disorders to promote lifestyle management early on to prevent complications.
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390911
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BACKGROUND: Although letrozole has been used for ovulation disorders in intra-uterine insemination (IUI) for a long time, the dose and method used have not been determined. METHODS: This randomized clinical trial was con...BACKGROUND: Although letrozole has been used for ovulation disorders in intra-uterine insemination (IUI) for a long time, the dose and method used have not been determined. METHODS: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 200 eligible infertile women who were candidates for IUI. They were randomly divided into two groups: in the first group, a single dose of 20 mg of letrozole tablet prescribed on the third day of the cycle, and in the second group, on the third to the seventh days of the cycle, 5 mg of letrozole tablets were prescribed every day (in total, 25 mg in divided doses). The patients underwent transvaginal ultrasound on days 9-11 of the cycle, and the size of the follicles and the thickness of the endometrium were examined and if the patient's follicles were suitable, IUI was performed. FINDINGS: 137 patients (69%) had one or more follicles higher than 14 mm. The mean (SD) diameter of the largest follicle and endometrial thickness were 15.0 ± 2.9 mm and 5.5 ± 1.4 mm, respectively, which were not significantly different between the two groups ( > 0.05). Pregnancy occurred in 62 patients (31%) and in 10 patients (5%) abortion occurred in the first trimester with no significant difference between the two groups ( > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Prescribing letrozole 20 mg as a single dose on the third day of the cycle to stimulate ovulation in IUI cycles has comparable effects with 5 divided doses of 5 mg on the third to seventh days of the cycle.
Nayak KD, Poojari VG, Pai MV
… +2 more, Mundkur A, Adiga P
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390910
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PURPOSE: The study investigated the transvaginal ultrasound parameters, uterine artery doppler and serum progesterone level to predict pregnancy outcome in women experiencing threatened abortion in our population. METHOD...PURPOSE: The study investigated the transvaginal ultrasound parameters, uterine artery doppler and serum progesterone level to predict pregnancy outcome in women experiencing threatened abortion in our population. METHODS: Prospective cohort study. TVS was performed to determine gestational age, viability and parameters like gestational sac, CRL, subchorionic hematoma (SCH), FHR. UA doppler PI was calculated. Serum progesterone level was estimated on the day of presentation. Each patient was managed as per the hospital protocol with conservative management and progesterone supports and followed up till 20 weeks of pregnancy. RESULTS: Among 120 women, forty-four (36.66%) women had abortion in spite of adequate conservative management with progesterone support and seventy-six women (63.33%), continued the pregnancy. Age of participants, parity index, BMI in both the groups were comparable. Those with irregular gestational sac, bradycardia, presence of SCH at the initial presentation had failing pregnancy. Among women who continued the pregnancy serum Progesterone level was 25.70 ± 18.13 ng/ml as compared to 13.21 ± 11.32 ng/ml among those who aborted (-value < 0.001). However, UA doppler did not find any significance among the two groups. CONCLUSION: The mean serum progesterone was higher in women who continued pregnancy than those who aborted among those who presented with threatened abortion. A good TVS to identify the ultrasound parameters like regularity of gestational sac, yolk sac, FHR, CRL, SCH helps to predict obstetric outcome in threatened abortion. However uterine artery doppler did not play a significant role in the prediction of the outcome.
Rajan A, Ramakrishnan S, Madhumitha
… +5 more, Kara MS, Sharmila J, Raghunathan P, Mangayarkarasi, Mercy S
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390909
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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, a multifunctional T-helper 1 (Th1) cytokine, plays a significant role in placentation and embryonic development. Altered expression of TNF-α has been implicated in adverse pregnancy outcomes...Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, a multifunctional T-helper 1 (Th1) cytokine, plays a significant role in placentation and embryonic development. Altered expression of TNF-α has been implicated in adverse pregnancy outcomes such as recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and pre-eclampsia (PE). The use of TNF-α inhibitors (TNFi) like Adalimumab (AD) has garnered attention for its ability to traverse the placental barrier, and modulating maternal immune responses during pregnancy. In this article, we have discussed two patients in whom the immunological factors have been identified in otherwise unexplained RPL and how the use of TNFi could be of help to achieve a viable pregnancy.
Yasmin, Parveen N, Gupta B
… +2 more, Tandon A, Gogoi P
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390908
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PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of two ultrasound scoring systems, Assessment of Different Neoplasias in the Adnexa (ADNEX) Model and Gynecology Imaging Reporting an...PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of two ultrasound scoring systems, Assessment of Different Neoplasias in the Adnexa (ADNEX) Model and Gynecology Imaging Reporting and Data System (GI-RADS), for the preoperative assessment of adnexal masses taking histopathology as gold standard. METHODS: This analytical study assessed 60 patients of age > 14 years with adnexal masses, planned for surgery. Ultrasound assessment and risk categorization according to ADNEX and GI-RADS were performed 2-3 days prior to surgery. Histopathology was used as a reference standard for the calculation of validity of two ultrasound scoring systems for diagnosis of adnexal masses. RESULTS: Out of 60 women (mean age, 35.52 ± 13.86 years; range, 16-70 years) with adnexal masses, 24 were malignant and 36 were benign. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy for the ADNEX model were 87.50%, 91.7%, 87.50%, 91.7% and 90.0%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of the GI-RADS category were 95.8%, 61.1%, 62.2%, 95.7% and 75.0%, respectively. The diagnostic performance of the ADNEX model was better as compared to GI-RADS in terms of specificity and positive predictive value with a significant difference ( < 0.05). The area under curve (AUC) was 0.957 and 0.919 for ADNEX and GI-RADS, respectively ( = 0.252). CONCLUSION: Although both ADNEX and GI-RADS systems had satisfactory diagnostic performances and high negative predictive values, the ADNEX model showed better specificity and positive predictive value in comparison with GI-RADS.
Kaloni KS, Roy KK, Garg D
… +3 more, Sarkar A, Zangmo R, Kulshreshtha A
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390907
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BACKGROUND: Demand for laparoscopic surgeries have been on the rise in all surgical departments in the past few decades. Hysterectomy, one of the most common gynaecological procedures is preferred laparoscopically these...BACKGROUND: Demand for laparoscopic surgeries have been on the rise in all surgical departments in the past few decades. Hysterectomy, one of the most common gynaecological procedures is preferred laparoscopically these days owing to their multiple benefits. AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of Bupivacaine injection in Vault versus Paracervical Block and Vault Infiltration with Bupivacaine after Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty women undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign gynaecology conditions were recruited and randomised into two comparable groups. Group I had 15 patients who received vaginal vault infiltration with 10 ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine. Group II had 15 patients who received paracervical block before surgery and vaginal vault infiltration after vault closure with 10 ml of 0.5% Bupivacaine. All patients were treated with injection paracetamol and NSAIDS. VAS score and need for additional analgesia were recorded at 1 h, 2 h and 6 h post-surgery. Any patient who reported a VAS score of more than 4 were given injection tramadol as rescue analgesia and recorded. RESULTS: All the baseline characteristics were comparable except dysmenorrhoea ( = 0.017) and BMI (0.034) which showed statistically significant difference between the two groups. The VAS scores were significantly lower in combined group (Group I) when compared with vault infiltration group (Group II) across all time points ( < 0.001). The need for rescue analgesia at 1-h post-surgery was lower in both the groups and comparable among the two groups ( = 0.483). The need for rescue analgesia at 2 h { < 0.001} and 6 h post-surgery { < 0.001} were significantly lesser in Group II (combined group). No patients required additional analgesia in group II. CONCLUSION: Two novel methods of administering local anaesthetic to alleviate post TLH pain when used in conjunction can significantly reduce pain and analgesia requirements making shorter hospital stay and early return to daily activities possible hence reducing cost per procedure.
Ghosh D, Chaudhuri S, Sahu B
… +1 more, Chakraborty A
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390906
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of maternal near miss (MNM) and maternal death and to identify the factors associated with severe maternal outcome in women with eclampsia according to the W...OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of maternal near miss (MNM) and maternal death and to identify the factors associated with severe maternal outcome in women with eclampsia according to the World Health Organization (WHO) maternal near-miss criteria. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried out over a period of 12 months incorporating pregnant women diagnosed as eclampsia during antepartum and postpartum period. The definition of maternal near miss was applied according to the WHO near-miss criteria. Data were collected in a case record form specially designed for the study and analyzed using statistical software. RESULT: A total of 229 women with eclampsia included in the study over a period of 1 year. Among 229 women with eclampsia, 75 (32.75%) women diagnosed as maternal near miss (MNM), and 6 (2.62%) women had maternal death. Causes of near miss were neurological dysfunction (30.66%), respiratory dysfunction (24%), hematological dysfunction (18.67%), cardiological dysfunction (16%), hepatic dysfunction (10.67%) and uterine dysfunction (5.33%). Maternal near-miss ratio is 4.91 per 1000 live births, and severe maternal outcome ratio is 5.30 per 1000 live birth. Maternal near-miss mortality ratio (MNM:1MD) is 12.5:1, and mortality index is 7.40. CONCLUSION: The study shows that there is scope to improve antenatal care and utilization of health facilities. Early diagnosis, good perinatal supervision and appropriate treatment can ameliorate many cases.
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390903
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AIM: To study glycemic variability (GV) and 24-h ambulatory glucose profile (AGP) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients who were apparently controlled on drugs and their correlation with fetomaternal outcomes....AIM: To study glycemic variability (GV) and 24-h ambulatory glucose profile (AGP) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients who were apparently controlled on drugs and their correlation with fetomaternal outcomes. METHODOLOGY: In this cross-sectional observational study, 40 gestational diabetic pregnancies on pharmacotherapy were recruited. Flash glucose monitor was used to record AGP between 32 and 36 weeks of gestation. A total of 600 patient days with 58,600 glucose values were analyzed. RESULTS: Variables of GV: Mean amplitude of glycemic excursion ( = 0.001), standard deviation ( = 0.001), Continuous Overall Net Glycemic Action ( = 0.002) and High Blood Glucose Index ( = 0.001) were significantly high in GDM group when compared to normoglycemic patients and these were well correlated with poor fetomaternal outcome in this group. Time in range was also significantly altered in GDM group. ( < 0.001). CONCLUSION: High GV and time in range are the important parameters which get altered in GDM pregnancies despite apparent control of blood glucose, and this can be a reason of adverse fetomaternal outcomes in these pregnancies.
Vimal A, Ashitha RG, Dharmarajan A
… +2 more, Rogarajan A, Ganapathirajan S
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390902
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OBJECTIVE: Currently, there is scanty data regarding patients specifically with stage IV epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) as many reports combine analysis with patients staged IIIC. Our objective was to understand the sur...OBJECTIVE: Currently, there is scanty data regarding patients specifically with stage IV epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) as many reports combine analysis with patients staged IIIC. Our objective was to understand the survival outcome in stage IV EOC patients treated with curative intent. METHODS: Data of 895 patients were retrospectively reviewed from the medical records department from the period of January 2014 to December 2018 at Malabar Cancer Centre in India. Patients with stage IV disease were selected for further analysis. Five-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were examined. RESULTS: There were a total of 60 patients with stage IV EOC of which only 41 who underwent primary/interval cytoreductive surgery and 11 underwent only chemotherapy. The median follow-up period was 71 months. The overall survival (OS) rates at 2, 3, and 5 years were 69.2%, 47.9%, and 22.5%, respectively. The median OS was 34.5 months (95% CI 18.17-50.82), and median RFS was 12 months (95% CI 10.3-13.7). Patients not operated had worse overall survival compared to those who went surgical debulking ( < 0.013). Ascites (HR 0.383 95% CI 0.16-0.88) and optimal cytoreduction (HR 3.004 95% CI 1.20-7.50) were the only variables found to be significant predictors of overall survival. CONCLUSION: Distant metastasis to visceral organs should not be a deterrent for surgeons to achieve curative intent of treatment in stage IV epithelial ovarian cancer.
Dasgupta S, Bhagwati NM, Fatima A
… +5 more, Sharma P, Singh Kushwaha S, Arora R, Ahluwalia C, Bachani S
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390900
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BACKGROUND: Congenital abnormalities or birth defects occur in approximately 2-4% of live births. These birth defects can commonly occur due to genetic association, infections, nutritional, environmental factors or multi...BACKGROUND: Congenital abnormalities or birth defects occur in approximately 2-4% of live births. These birth defects can commonly occur due to genetic association, infections, nutritional, environmental factors or multifactorial. Role of ultrasound in detecting these anomalies is already established. Fetal autopsy is a valuable adjunct toward establishing the correct diagnosis and narrowing the field of investigations for a specific etiology. METHODOLOGY: A prospective observational study was conducted in Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital including 50 women who underwent termination of pregnancy due to prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of anomalous fetus. In 6% women who had advanced gestation beyond 24 weeks, termination was done after taking permission from medical board of the institute. All data were collected and agreement between initial ultrasound diagnosis and autopsy, histopathology and genetic testing was evaluated. RESULTS: Among the study group 56% of women were between 20 and 25 years of age and 14% were a consanguineous couple. Recurrent anomalous condition was present in 8% fetuses. The most frequently involved system in this study was the urinary system (22%) followed by cardiovascular system (16%) and central nervous system (16%) equally. Multisystem involvement was identified in 10% on ultrasound. Autopsy added to prenatal ultrasound diagnosis in 54% cases, histopathology in 22%, prenatal or post-autopsy and histopathology-based genetic testing added to the diagnosis in 32% of cases. CONCLUSION: We conclude that autopsy, histopathology and genetic testing can significantly improve the diagnostic yield when performed all together or even in isolation.
J Obstet Gynaecol India
· 2025 Apr · PMID 40390899
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BACKGROUND: The work aims to provide a method for assessing newborn infants' risk to determine whether they need to be admitted to the NICU before birth. Term neonates who were admitted to the NICU are known to have heal...BACKGROUND: The work aims to provide a method for assessing newborn infants' risk to determine whether they need to be admitted to the NICU before birth. Term neonates who were admitted to the NICU are known to have health problems, a greater mortality risk, and higher healthcare costs. Researchers want to develop an algorithm that estimates the risk of NICU admission for this particular subset of newborns using an integrated statistical approach. This risk assessment might lower the morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenses related to NICU hospitalizations by assisting in the early identification of possible instances. METHOD: The data was collected from a multispecialty hospital using hospital-based records from the obstetrics and gynecology department. All the clinical and demographic parameters are described as per requirement. A multivariate statistical analysis was done to identify potential risk factors for NICU admission. Four classification models were used to predict NICU admission. All the models were evaluated based on their performance matrices. RESULTS: In multivariate analysis, we found Preterm deliveries ( = 1.003 Aor = 2.727 95% CI = 1.54,4.80 < 0.001), Hypertension ( = - 1.419 Aor = 0.242 95% CI = 0.112,0.523 < 0.001), AFI ( = 1.262 Aor = 3.53 95% CI = 1.06,11.69 = 0.039), Birth weight (< 2.5 kg) ( = 1.011 Aor = 2.75 95% CI = 1.57,4.81 < 0.001), Mode of Delivery(LSCS)( = 1.196 Aor = 3.307 95% CI = 1.95,5.60 < 0.001) and maternal complication ( = 6.962 OR = 7.69 95% CI = 5.67,13.69 < 0.001) are the potential risk factors for NICU admission. The decision tree performed the highest accuracy (0.921) and AUC (0.966) as compared to other models to predict NICU admission. CONCLUSION: Using an explainable feature learning technique to predict NICU admissions contributes to better global health data utilization and a more hopeful future in healthcare. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13224-024-02009-0.