Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology Of India[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Use of Sanitary Napkin Among Menstruating Females in Rural West Bengal, India.
Ray S, Pandey J, Sing K
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390938 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Prevalence of misinformation, myth and taboo prevents the women from adopting proper menstrual hygiene which predisposes to urogenital infections. These socio-cultural beliefs and taboo can only be fought by...
BACKGROUND: Prevalence of misinformation, myth and taboo prevents the women from adopting proper menstrual hygiene which predisposes to urogenital infections. These socio-cultural beliefs and taboo can only be fought by creating awareness about normal menstrual physiology, safe hygienic practices and reproductive health. AIMS: This study will assess the knowledge, attitude and practices about sanitary napkin among menstruating females of rural West Bengal. It will analyse the association between hygienic practice of the respondents and significant factors affecting it. MATERIAL & METHODS: It is a hospital-based cross-sectional study carried out in gynaecology outpatient department, from 1 April 2020 to 30 September 2021. Five hundred women were enrolled through simple random sampling after proper informed consent. A predesigned, pretested questionnaire was used to collect data by personal interview method. Institutional Ethics Committee clearance was taken. Data analysis was done using SPSS software. RESULTS: Hygienic menstrual practice of the participants varied with different categories of socio-economic status, age group and literacy status. Use of sanitary napkin was 7.3353 times [OR: 7.3353 (4.2449, 12.6755 -value < 0.0001] more in respondents aware about hygienic menstrual practices prevents infections than those who were ignorant of it. Hygienic practice of using a sanitary napkin was significantly inversely associated with urogenital complain of the respondents [OR: 0.0678 (0.0402, 0.1145) -value < 0.0001]. CONCLUSION: Right knowledge will help develop hygienic menstrual practice and overcome misconceptions and taboos. Proper policies need to be framed and implemented to cover this public health need for overall health and community development.
Trends of Age at Onset of Menarche Among Indian Women of Reproductive Age and Its Association with the Presence of PCOS and Related Features: A Multicentric Cross Sectional Study.
Shukla A, Ashraf GM, Sudharsan V … +16 more , Arora T, Rather KUI, Chowdhury S, Suri V, Joshi B, Bhattacharya PK, Agrawal S, Malhotra N, Sahay R, Jabbar PK, Nair A, Rozati R, Rashid H, Wani IA, Maan P, Gautam R
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390937 · Full text
PURPOSE: Age at menarche is believed to be an important indicator of reproductive maturity in women and hence a mirror to the health status of the population. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine diso...
PURPOSE: Age at menarche is believed to be an important indicator of reproductive maturity in women and hence a mirror to the health status of the population. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects reproductive-age women. Girls with early menarche are more likely to develop PCOS-like features. The paper explores the associations of age at menarche with PCOS and other health outcomes especially in relation to the presence of PCOS, related reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of data collected from analytical cross-sectional study, conducted at ten centres in the six zones of India, as a part of ICMR task force project. The participants ( = 10,109) who were enrolled for the study comprised of women aged 18-40 years. RESULTS: The mean age of menarche was 13.15 ± SD. The age of menarche reduced at a rate of 0.018 ( value = years per unit increase in years). Those with late onset of menarche had 1.45 times more odds of developing PCOS when compared to those who had a normal age of onset of menarche. What about early onset of menarche? CONCLUSION: A receding age at menarche among younger girls as compared to older women which may be due to a trend of reducing age at menstrual onset. While, there was an association of PCOS diagnosis with extremes of age at menarche, more marked in case of late onset of menarche, more studies are necessary to establish the relationship.
Correction: Physician Heal Thyself: 'Mental Health is a Universal Human Right'.
Balsarkar G
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390936 · Full text
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s13224-023-01858-5.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s13224-023-01858-5.].
Single-Center Experiences for Fetal Intervention in Pregnancy Complicated by Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion Sequence: Case Reports.
Aldiansyah D, Halim B, Lumbanraja SN … +4 more , Asroel EM, Fahdy M, Hartono H, Thomson T
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390935 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: We present three cases of fetal intervention in twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence. CASE REPORTS: Case 1. A 22-year-old pregnant woman, 23-week gestational age (WGA), with TRAP sequence. The pati...
OBJECTIVE: We present three cases of fetal intervention in twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence. CASE REPORTS: Case 1. A 22-year-old pregnant woman, 23-week gestational age (WGA), with TRAP sequence. The patient underwent interstitial laser coagulation, in which we successfully coagulated one vessel with direct flow to the acardiac twin's heart but failed to coagulate the vessels to the acardiac twin's pelvis. After the procedure, the patient developed preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM) and delivery ensues. The pump twin's weight was 458 g and passed away after two hours.Case 2. A 18-year-old pregnant woman, 25 WGA, with TRAP sequence. This patient underwent bipolar cord coagulation, and we successfully coagulated 3 segments of the cord and finished with amniopatch. Three weeks later, the patient developed preterm premature rupture of membrane and delivery ensues. The pump twin's weight was 1300 g, and she survived after admission in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for 3 months.Case 3. A 23-year-old pregnant woman, 24 WGA, with TRAP sequences. This patient underwent bipolar cord coagulation, and we successfully coagulated 5 segments of the cord. After the pregnancy reaches 37 weeks, we perform an elective cesarean section to deliver the surviving male pump twin baby, who weighs 3100 g. CONCLUSION: We reported three cases of TRAP sequences with different treatments and outcomes.
Herlyn Werner Wunderlich Syndrome/OHVIRA: A Rare Case Report with Successful Laparoscopy Assisted Vaginoplasty.
Madhumitha J, Charumathi R, Sundaram M … +1 more , Parthasarathy A
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390934 · Full text
Herlyn Werner Wunderlich syndrome is a rare congenital disorder affecting 0.16 percent of the female population, characterized by mal-development of Mullerian and mesonephric ducts. It is also known as "Obstructed Hemiva...
Herlyn Werner Wunderlich syndrome is a rare congenital disorder affecting 0.16 percent of the female population, characterized by mal-development of Mullerian and mesonephric ducts. It is also known as "Obstructed Hemivagina and Ipsilateral Renal Agenesis" abbreviated as OHVIRA. The two types of OHVIRA based on the degree of obstruction, complete or incomplete OHVIRA. While incomplete may go undiagnosed, complete OHVIRA presents with varying symptoms and complications requiring early diagnosis and intervention. We present a case of a 14-year-old girl who started menstruating two years ago and has regular periods till 6 months ago. She visited the gynecology outpatient department with persistent lower abdominal pain that worsened during menstruation, along with increased swelling and heaviness in her lower abdomen. Her secondary sexual characteristics matched her age. An abdominal ultrasound and transrectal scan showed a left-sided hematometra and hematocolpos with an 800 cc collection due to a complete hemivagina obstruction. An MRI confirmed the absence of the left kidney, two separate uterine horns, fallopian tube, cervix, and upper vagina. The left upper vagina did not connect with the vaginal opening, causing the syndrome. Surgery was performed to remove the vaginal septum, allowing communication between both hemivaginas and draining the hematocolpos and hematometra. Both uterine horns were equally developed. This surgery effectively changed OHVIRA to a uterine didelphys, improving the obstetric prognosis. Diagnosis is challenging for both complete and partial obstructions without a high level of suspicion because symptoms can be vague, and regular periods can still occur from the other functioning uterine horn. Complete obstruction may present after menarche with abdominal pain and swelling due to trapped blood. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent endometriosis from blood spilling into the peritoneal cavity, which can lead to infertility issues due to potential damage to the fallopian tube and increased risk of ectopic pregnancy.
Child Sexual Abuse and Associated Factors Among High School Female Students in Arba Minch Zuria Woreda, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Wada HW, Tesema KF, Temesgen G … +1 more , Dinagde DD
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390933 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Child sex abuse is a severe violation of fundamental human rights that has numerous negative consequences, including physical and psychological ones, and is a huge global public health issue. It is a signific...
BACKGROUND: Child sex abuse is a severe violation of fundamental human rights that has numerous negative consequences, including physical and psychological ones, and is a huge global public health issue. It is a significant public health issue that affects millions of people annually around the world but is the least acknowledged and reported form of violence in Ethiopia against schoolgirls. Thus, this study is very important to provide recent information on the magnitude of sexual abuse and its associated factors. OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of lifetime child sexual abuse and associated factors among high school female students in Arba Minch Zuria Woreda (AZW), Southern Ethiopia. METHODS: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 414 randomly selected female high school students in Arba Minch Zuria Woreda between December 20, 2022, and January 20, 2023. A stratified and multi-stage sampling technique was used to select participants from selected high schools. A pretested, self-administered questionnaire was used, and the data were entered using EpiData version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS (the Statistical Package for Social Science) version 27. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with sexual abuse using binary logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at a -value of less than 0.05. RESULT: In this study area, prevalence of child sexual abuse was 45% (95% CI 40.6-50.2). Students who slept alone at home (AOR = 4.93, 95% CI 1.46-16.67); having no open discussions with their parents (AOR = 4.49, 95% CI 1.62-12.47); drinking alcohol (AOR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.32-8.28); and having friends who drink alcohol or chew chat (AOR = 6.14, 95% CI 1.58-23.9) were the identified factors associated with child sexual abuse. CONCLUSION: This study found a high level of child sexual abuse among high school female students in Arba Minch Zuria Woreda. High schools must collaborate with parents to develop a strategy to reduce sexual abuse acting against human rights, focusing on identified factors. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13224-024-01986-6.
An Asymptomatic Giant Endometrioma Presented as Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis with Early Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Sonthalia SA, Wong J, Agrawal SJ
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390932 · Full text
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Hypokelemic Periodic Paralysis in Pregnancy-A Rare Case Study.
Hosamani P, Babar S, Raval R … +3 more , Solanke N, Sawant T, Hoogar P
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390931 · Full text
Hypokalemic quadriparesis is a rare, potentially life-threatening condition characterized by hypokalemia and acute systemic weakness. It results from altered potassium distribution and depletion from renal and extra-rena...
Hypokalemic quadriparesis is a rare, potentially life-threatening condition characterized by hypokalemia and acute systemic weakness. It results from altered potassium distribution and depletion from renal and extra-renal losses. Management depends on the etiology, duration, underlying diseases, family history, medication history and disease state. Here we present a case of 24-year-old multigravida at 20 weeks of pregnancy, presented with history multiple episodes of vomiting and all four limbs weakness. On primary laboratory test, patient was analyzed to have hypokalemic quadriparesis and treated with intravenous potassium chloride that resulted in biochemical and clinical improvement and pregnancy continued.
and Gene Polymorphism Among Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Bangra Manjeshwara V, Manjeera L, D'souza P
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390930 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) regulates insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism and hormone balance in women. There are contrasting opinions on influence of VDR gene polymorphism for PCOS predisposition. Therefore,...
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) regulates insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism and hormone balance in women. There are contrasting opinions on influence of VDR gene polymorphism for PCOS predisposition. Therefore, the present study investigated associations between VDR polymorphism (FOK1 and APA1) and PCOS phenotype as well as related biochemical and clinical parameters. METHODS: A total 240 female participants were enrolled in the study which consists of 120 women with PCOS and 120 control in group. We collected 5 ml of blood from each participant from which 3 ml was used for biochemical analysis and 2 ml was used to investigate genetic polymorphism in VDR genes via PCR-RFLP. Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for the data analysis. RESULTS: We found that polymorphism in FOK1 and APA1 genotypes were significantly associated with the body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), prolactin level and fasting blood sample (FBS), total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL level respectively among PCOS patients (p-value < 0.05). Similarly, APA1 polymorphism was also associated with the hip-waist ratio, FBS, HDL, LDL and LDL/HDL ratio, estradiol and prolactin level in control group (p < 0.05). However, we didn't find any difference in the genotypic distribution of the FOK1 and APA1 gene polymorphs among the PCOS and controls group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The polymorphism in FOK1 and APA1 genes can indirectly alter the biochemical parameter and hormonal balance in body which might contribute to the development of PCOS. Dyslipidemia and hormonal imbalance must be ruled out in relation to VDR gene polymorphism in PCOS.
A Twist of Fate: Case Report of Complete Uterine Torsion at Term.
Kumar R, Mahadevappa K, Desai R
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390929 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Uterine torsion is defined as a pathological rotation of the uterus around its fixed longitudinal or vertical axis by a margin of more than 45 degrees. It is difficult to diagnose antenatally and has several...
BACKGROUND: Uterine torsion is defined as a pathological rotation of the uterus around its fixed longitudinal or vertical axis by a margin of more than 45 degrees. It is difficult to diagnose antenatally and has several operative and post-operative ramifications, leading to higher maternal and foetal morbidity.Case.We describe the case of a 21-year-old woman with asymptomatic, complete uterine torsion diagnosed during repeat caesarean section at term. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior uterine incision is feasible and time-saving in an unexpected circumstance like uterine torsion. Exteriorization followed by detorsion of the uterus and a meticulous exploration of surrounding structures ensures safe obstetric outcome.
Symptomatic Vaginal Masses Mimicking Prolapse: Varied Clinical Course, Diagnosis and Their Management.
Kumari R, Sharma JB, Agrawal M … +1 more , Bhatla N
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390928 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to study the different clinical presentation of symptomatic vaginal masses and outcomes of patients with important implications for surveillance, monitoring and management. METH...
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to study the different clinical presentation of symptomatic vaginal masses and outcomes of patients with important implications for surveillance, monitoring and management. METHODS: This was a retrospective chart review of 20 patients at a tertiary care centre with symptomatic vaginal masses other than prolapse presented between May 2021 and October 2023. Patients were included if they had symptomatic vaginal masses other than prolapse and underwent treatment for the same. Data were analysed by statistical software Stata 14.0. Descriptive statistics were computed to summarize the frequency of demographic and clinical variables. Quantitative variable expressed as mean ± SD (standard deviation) and median (minimum-maximum). Categorical variable expressed as frequency and percentage. RESULTS: The median age of the patients included in the analysis was 39.5 years old. A total of 15 patients underwent surgical management, which included vaginal excision or marsupialization, and 5 were conservatively managed. Presenting symptoms included feeling of a mass or bulge in 12 (60%) of patients, urinary complaint ( = 7; 35%) and dyspareunia ( = 1; 5%). Preoperative imaging studies were obtained in 19 patients; ultrasound was used in 95%, magnetic resonance imaging in 25%, computed tomographic scanning in 15% and multiple modalities in 20%. No patients were found to have other genitourinary anomalies. The average cyst size was 4.5 cm (range, 3-15 cm). Surgical excision was done in 15 cases except for 1 case of marsupialization. Histopathological examination showed that 2 solid masses had leiomyoma, seven patients had Gartner duct cyst and six patients reported Bartholin cyst. The median follow-up was 12 months (range, 3-21 months). During the follow-up period, one patient had persistent stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and the other one had persistent urinary urgency incontinence (UUI). Remaining patients were freed from preoperative presenting symptomatology. Neither had recurrence of the mass nor any complications were observed during the follow-up. CONCLUSION: Vaginal masses are rare and often asymptomatic, but may present with varied clinical symptoms. They can be managed conservatively and surgically with good outcome. Follow-up is very essential to understand different clinical symptoms of vaginal masses.
Mature Teratoma with Malignant Brenner Tumour: A Rare Ovarian Collision Tumour Case Report and Literature Review.
Abhilashi K, Pankaj S, Srivastava SS … +2 more , Rani J, Singh A
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390927 · Full text
Collision tumor is existence of distinct tumors in the same tissue or organ without admixture. Although any histological type of ovarian tumor may occur in collision tumor, the mature teratoma is one of the most found co...
Collision tumor is existence of distinct tumors in the same tissue or organ without admixture. Although any histological type of ovarian tumor may occur in collision tumor, the mature teratoma is one of the most found component. Brenner tumor is a rare epithelial tumor of ovary and the coexistence of it with teratoma in collision tumour is sparsely reported in literature. Here we describe a case of mature teratoma with malignant Brenner tumor diagnosed post-operatively on histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. It is of paramount importance to correctly diagnose the histological components of collision tumor as it decides further management and course of the disease.
Evaluation of Conditions Affecting Women's Preference and Intention to Use Postpartum Contraceptives According to the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior.
Başaran F, Duru P, Eminov E
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390926 · Full text
BACKGROUND: To assess women's preference and intention to use postpartum contraceptives according to the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior (IMCHB). METHOD: The study was cross-sectional and conducted in the out...
BACKGROUND: To assess women's preference and intention to use postpartum contraceptives according to the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior (IMCHB). METHOD: The study was cross-sectional and conducted in the outpatient clinics of a university hospital between March and June 2023. The sample consisted of 951 women between the ages of 15 and 49, who had given birth at least once, and had no history of menopause. Descriptive Information Form, Family Planning Attitude Scale, Contraceptive Knowledge Assessment Scale, and Contraceptive Intent Questionnaire were used as data collection tools. Moreover, Cox's IMCHB constitutes the study's theoretical framework. RESULTS: In the present study, it was determined that the contraceptive method used before pregnancy, emergency contraceptive experience, access and provision of contraceptive methods, and continuation of contraceptive method had a significant effect on contraceptive method preferences in the postpartum period. It was determined that each unit increase in the continuation of the contraceptive method used before pregnancy in the postpartum period increased the intention to use by 0.244 points, each unit increase in contraceptive knowledge level increased by 0.202 points, and each unit increase in positive attitude toward family planning increased by 0.102 points. Each unit increase in the desire to become pregnant again decreased the intention to contraceptive use by 0.230 points. CONCLUSION: To increase the use of modern and effective contraceptives in the postpartum period and prevent unwanted pregnancies, it is necessary to evaluate the factors affecting contraceptive method use, preferences, and intentions of women and their husbands together.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Utilization of Maternal Health Services in Chandigarh and Kalyani, West Bengal, India: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.
Gupta M, Kaur N, Sengupta P … +9 more , Majhi J, Banerjee P, Rajeev T, Agarwal S, Pocius S, Das A, Acharjee A, Mehta K, Shet A
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390925 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Maternal health services may be adversely impacted during pandemics especially in the low- and middle-income countries. COVID-19 pandemic was such a situation. Here, we describe the status of maternal healt...
INTRODUCTION: Maternal health services may be adversely impacted during pandemics especially in the low- and middle-income countries. COVID-19 pandemic was such a situation. Here, we describe the status of maternal health services prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic in India. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional household-based survey was conducted among randomly selected 820 mothers with children less than 2 years in Chandigarh and Kalyani, West Bengal, to assess the utilization of antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal care services before March 2020 (pre-pandemic period, = 413) and after March 2020 (pandemic period, = 407). Data were managed using REDCap and were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 25.0). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and significant differences between groups at 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: There was a significant increase in the reporting of pregnancy-related complications during the pandemic (aOR 1.45; 95% CI 1.08-1.94) and a significant increase in utilization of supplementary nutrition services from anganwadis (aOR 1.81; 95% CI 1.33-2.46) during the pandemic. There was a significant decrease in the proportion of women who received financial assistance during delivery in the pandemic period (aOR 0.36; 95% CI 0.17-0.79). Postpartum checkups by healthcare workers significantly decreased during the pandemic period (82.6%) as compared with the pre-pandemic period (82.6%) [aOR 0.84; 95% CI 0.71-0.97]. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly changed the utilization of antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum services in our study areas. While the existing national program and timely pandemic guidelines helped ensure that some services remained uninterrupted, postpartum care was the most affected possibly due to restrictions of field visits by the healthcare workers. Financial assistance for delivery care was also heavily affected during the pandemic.
Navigating Pregnancy with Factor X Deficiency: Unveiling Mysteries of Rarity.
Singh SV, Kumari A, Kumari R … +3 more , Garg H, Mahey R, Sharma JB
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390924 · Full text
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Sonographic Predictors of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnancies Complicated by Hyperglycaemia.
Saini A, Mehrotra S, Solanki V … +3 more , Verma ML, Shankhwar PL, Jaiswar SP
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390923 · Full text
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Ultrasound has an important role in in pregnancy complicated by hyperglycaemia. This study is to assess the association between third trimester ultrasound parameters and adverse outcomes in hyperglyc...
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Ultrasound has an important role in in pregnancy complicated by hyperglycaemia. This study is to assess the association between third trimester ultrasound parameters and adverse outcomes in hyperglycaemic pregnant women & neonates. METHODOLOGY: A prospective observational study including 166 hyperglycemic pregnant women (39-preexisting; 127-GDM) Ultrasound was done between 34 weeks gestation and beyond to note parameters i.e. FW centile, AC centile, CPR ratio, AFI. All were followed till delivery; adverse outcomes noted (C-section done for fetal distress, arterial cord blood ph < 7.1, 5 min APGAR < 7, admission to neonatal unit, neonatal hypoglycemia, perinatal death). Composite adverse outcomes were determined by having any 2/7 above-described outcomes. Ultrasound parameters were then correlated with composite adverse outcomes and correlation was determined. RESULTS: Out of 166; in 66 pregnancies composite adverse neonatal outcomes were present. Women with HIP having > 90th centile of estimated fetal weight have 3.52 times higher chances [OR 3.52 & 95% CI (1.55-7.97)] of having CAO compared to rest of the women. Statistically, a significant association was found for Composite Adverse Outcomes and deranged AFI ( value < 0.018). Women with HIP having Polyhydramnios have 3.13 times higher odds [OR 3.13 & 95% CI (1.08-8.94)] of having CAO compared to rest of the women. Further, Women with HIP having cerebroplacental insufficiency i.e. CPR < 1 have 4.2 times higher odds [OR 4.200 (CI 1.825-9.668)] of having CAO compared to rest of the women with HIP i.e. women having CPR > 1. CONCLUSION: In women with hyperglycemia, third trimester USG parameters have an important role in predicting adverse outcomes beyond the impact of maternal predictors. The best combination of USG parameters detecting Composite Adverse Outcomes was EFW < 10th centile and CPR < 1 (OR 14.61). So third trimester sonographic parameters appears to be promising tool to preplan deliveries that should be conducted in tertiary care centres to reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Quantitative Fluorescent Polymerase Chain Reaction as a Substitute or Complement to Conventional Karyotyping for Prenatal Diagnosis.
Sharma C, Gothwal M, Singh P … +5 more , Dubey K, Shekhawat DS, Shekhar S, Jhirwal M, Singh K
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390922 · Full text
BACKGROUND: This study endeavors to assess the efficacy of quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) as an alternative adjunctive modality to conventional karyotyping for prenatal diagnostic purposes. M...
BACKGROUND: This study endeavors to assess the efficacy of quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) as an alternative adjunctive modality to conventional karyotyping for prenatal diagnostic purposes. METHODS: In this cohort study, 464 pregnant women deemed at high risk for chromosomal aneuploidies within gestational age 12-24 weeks, spanning from January 2020 to May 2023 were enrolled. Analysis was done on 347 women who underwent both QF-PCR and karyotype. RESULTS: Within this cohort, concordant QF-PCR and karyotype results were achieved in 332 (95.67%) samples with 21 women showing trisomy 21 and two trisomy 18 in the fetus with results being 100% concordant with karyotype and QF-PCR. Notably, there were no false-negative or false-positive QF-PCR results. However, eleven cases presented discordant results, revealing various genetic abnormalities, such as deletions, translocations, inversions, and mosaicism. The overall frequency of chromosomal abnormalities was 8.82% (41/464). The mean age of the pregnant women was 28.7 ± 5.54 years, with 10.7% (50/464) of women having aged > 35 years. The median gestation age for amniocentesis and CVS procedures was 16 weeks (IQR 15.6-20) and 13 weeks (IQR 12.7-13.5), respectively. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that although QF-PCR may serve as a stand-alone diagnostic tool in some cases with appropriate pretest counseling, simultaneous karyotyping, or chromosomal microarray should be considered in pregnancies with normal QF-PCR results and abnormal USG findings such as increased nuchal translucency or structural malformations or a family history of a chromosomal disorder. Despite being a rapid and highly sensitive test, QF-PCR does not fully substitute conventional karyotype analysis. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13224-024-02032-1.
Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes in Overweight Adolescent Pregnant Mothers.
Jasim SK, Olewi AO, Al-Asadi F … +4 more , Al-Momen H, Hussein MJ, Majeed BA, Almomen R
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390921 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The escalating global concern over increased body weight in adolescents, coupled with the rising rates of adolescent pregnancy worldwide, presents a significant challenge to healthcare systems. We plan to ide...
BACKGROUND: The escalating global concern over increased body weight in adolescents, coupled with the rising rates of adolescent pregnancy worldwide, presents a significant challenge to healthcare systems. We plan to identify the maternal and neonatal consequences associated with pre-pregnancy overweight in adolescent women. METHODS: Throughout five years, all singleton adolescent pregnant women with pre-pregnancy self-reported body mass index (BMI) of 18.5- ≤ 29.9 were involved during the first-trimester visit. Two groups were generated: overweight and appropriate-weight (BMI 25-29.9 and 18.5-24.9, respectively). Obstetric and neonatal outcomes were observed prospectively and statistically adjusted for the confounding factors. RESULTS: The overweight group (223 women) had significantly higher pregnancy weight gain, birth weight, and gestational age than the appropriate-weight group (621 women). Most obstetric outcomes occurred significantly in overweight women like primary Cesarean section (CS) [odds ratio (OR) (95%confidence interval (CI)) = 1.5 (1.06-2.2)], cephalopelvic disproportion [OR (95% CI) = 1.3 (1.1-1.8)], labor induction [OR (95% CI) = 1.2 (1.09-2.3)]. Regarding neonatal outcomes, macrosomia [OR (95% CI) = 1.6 (1.3-2.7)] and non-reassuring fetal status (NRFS) [OR (95% CI) = 1.1(1.0-1.7)] had higher statistical significance in overweight women. Oppositely, small for gestational age [OR (95% CI) = 0.7(0.4-0.9)] and low birth weight [OR (95% CI) = 0.5(0.3-0.8)] were more frequent in appropriate-weight women. CONCLUSION: Overweight adolescent pregnant women exhibited significantly higher percentages of obstetrical outcomes, like as primary CS, failure to progress, labor induction, postdate delivery, gestational diabetes, and gestational hypertension. Additionally, elevated rates of neonatal complications were found, including macrosomia and NRFS.
Amniotic Fluid Embolism: Pathophysiological Insights through Analysis of Case Series.
Ghosh S, Kulkarni S, Nambier P … +1 more , Davade T
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390920 · Full text
Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but potentially catastrophic complication of pregnancy in pregnancy and immediate postpartum period. Its pathophysiology remains poorly understood, and the mortality rates have his...
Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but potentially catastrophic complication of pregnancy in pregnancy and immediate postpartum period. Its pathophysiology remains poorly understood, and the mortality rates have historically been high. In this paper, we present a detailed history of two patients diagnosed with AFE and discuss the potential pathophysiological mechanisms involved. We highlight the importance of early recognition, immediate ICU management, and a multidisciplinary approach to improve survival in AFE cases.
A Prospective Observational Study of Heart Diseases in Pregnancy and Fetomaternal Outcomes.
Verma T, Manhas GS, Gupta A
J Obstet Gynaecol India · 2025 Apr · PMID 40390919 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To determine the heart diseases during pregnancy the maternal and perinatal outcomes. METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital on 22,360 antenatal women register...
OBJECTIVES: To determine the heart diseases during pregnancy the maternal and perinatal outcomes. METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital on 22,360 antenatal women registered to department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The data recorded included demographic, clinical and obstetric characteristics, nature of the underlying cardiac lesions, and functional class. ECG and echocardiography were done to know the type and severity of cardiac lesions. Fetomaternal outcomes were assessed at follow-up clinical visits during second, third trimester, peripartum period, and at 6 weeks postpartum. RESULTS: Heart diseases were present in 50(0.2%) women. Congenital heart diseases were present in 16(32%) patients, with most common being ventricular septal defect (VSD) in 7(14%) patients. Rheumatic heart diseases were present in 15(30%) patients, with most common being first degree heart block [4(8%)]. Mode of delivery was lower segment cesarean section in 32(64%) women and medical termination of pregnancy in 1(2%) patient. Postpartum complications were seen in 14(28%) patients; the most common being congestive cardiac failure in 5(10%) patients. Fetal complications were present in 21(42%) neonates which comprised of neonatal intensive care unit admission [13(26%)], intrauterine growth restriction in 7(14%), low birth weight in 6(12%), preterm in 5(10%), meconium aspiration syndrome in 4(8%) and intrauterine death in 3(4%) cases. CONCLUSION: To conclude, heart diseases are present in 0.2% pregnant women with VSD rheumatic heart diseases being the commonest. Pregnant women with cardiac disease experience cardiac, obstetric, and fetal complications. Thus, cardiac diseases must be diagnosed to lower perinatal morbidity and death.
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