Clinical, Cosmetic And Investigational Dermatology[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Alterations in the Hair Follicle Bacteriome and Mycobiome in Androgenetic Alopecia: A Cross-Sectional Study of 72 Patients and 24 Healthy Controls.
Miao B, Zou X, Yang S … +5 more , Zhou Z, Geng Y, Zhang S, Gong J, Ran M
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 42039771 · Full text
PURPOSE: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is characterized by perifollicular micro-inflammation, although its precise trigger remains elusive. Given that the hair follicle harbors a distinct microbiota which may modulate loca...
PURPOSE: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is characterized by perifollicular micro-inflammation, although its precise trigger remains elusive. Given that the hair follicle harbors a distinct microbiota which may modulate local immune responses, this study aimed to comprehensively profile the bacterial and fungal microbiome within the deep hair follicles of AGA patients versus healthy controls, and to evaluate the influence of disease severity, age, sex, and geographical environment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We recruited 96 subjects (72 AGA patients and 24 healthy controls), collecting a total of 192 plucked hair follicle samples from the vertex and occipital scalp. Bacterial 16S rRNA (V3-V4) and fungal ITS regions were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq platform. Bioinformatics pipelines were employed to analyze α- and β-diversity, as well as taxonomic composition, across multiple stratifications: disease stage, scalp region, age, sex, and geographical location. RESULTS: Bacterial community structure showed relative stability between groups. In contrast, fungal communities were markedly dysbiotic in AGA. A key finding was the significant depletion of the commensal yeast in AGA follicles compared to controls ( < 0.01). Conversely, opportunistic taxa such as and were enriched in advanced disease stages. Notably, microbial α-diversity increased with both disease severity and age, indicating a disruption of the follicular niche ("niche collapse"). Male AGA patients exhibited distinct fungal shifts compared to females, and geographical location significantly shaped the follicular microbiome in patients but not in healthy controls. CONCLUSION: Androgenetic alopecia involves fungal dysbiosis with loss of commensal Malassezia and gain of opportunistic microbes. Driven by host and environmental factors, this reframes AGA as an ecological imbalance, opening avenues for microbiome-targeted therapies.
Leaf Extract Modulates IL-1α and VEGF Gene Expressions in HaCaT Cells: Probable Implications for Its Beneficial Effects in Hair Loss and Wound Healing.
Pekmezci E, Türkoğlu M
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 42021952 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: L. () is an aromatic evergreen perennial plant, which is native to Mediterranean region and West Asia, has been used in numerous diseases including some disorders of skin in traditional medicin...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: L. () is an aromatic evergreen perennial plant, which is native to Mediterranean region and West Asia, has been used in numerous diseases including some disorders of skin in traditional medicine. This study investigates the modulatory effects of leaf extract on IL-1α and VEGF gene expressions in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), considering the beneficial outcomes of this plant in hair loss and wound healing. METHODS: After preparing the leaf extract, implementing the phytochemical analysis and determining the non-cytotoxic concentration, we incubated HaCaT cells with the extract. RNA isolations were made from both incubated and unincubated cell groups. Gene expressions were performed by real time RT-qPCR analysis. RESULTS: In phytochemical analysis, leaf extract was found to contain 1255 ppm total phenolic substance. Results of gene expression analyses were defined as Target/Control Fold Change, and the extract yielded statistically significant downregulation of IL-1α (p = 0.0014) and upregulation of VEGF (p = 0.0021) in the incubated HaCaT cells, compared to unincubated control cells. CONCLUSION: These preliminary results, which show leaf extract can modulate the gene expressions of IL-1α and VEGF, may partially be related with the healing effects of this plant for both non-cicatricial hair loss and chronic cutaneous wounds, reported in traditional medicine. Further, in-vitro and in-vivo experiments are needed to understand the mechanisms of the healing effects of
The Uncommon Coexistence of Mid-Borderline Leprosy and Generalized Pustular Psoriasis.
Gunawan H, Hidayah RMN, Dwiyana RF … +4 more , Rizqandaru T, Hindritiani R, Usman HA, Larasati R
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 42021951 · Full text
Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by that primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves, whereas generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare and severe form of psoriasis characterized by widespread...
Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by that primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves, whereas generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare and severe form of psoriasis characterized by widespread sterile pustules and systemic symptoms. Their coexistence is extremely rare due to distinct genetic, immunologic, and epidemiologic profiles. We report a case of a 28-year-old female presenting with both mid-borderline (BB) leprosy and severe GPP. She initially developed numb, erythematous patches on her extremities, followed by pustular eruptions on her right arm that became generalized. Physical examination revealed lagophthalmos, right claw hand, and glove-and-stocking anesthesia without nerve enlargement. Skin lesions included anesthetic macules and plaques on extremities, punched-out lesions on the back, and pustules with crusting and scaling on the face and extremities. A slit-skin smear showed a bacterial index of 1+, and Gram staining of pustules revealed polymorphonuclear cells without bacteria. Histopathology from punched-out lesions revealed granulomas with epithelioid cells and Langhans giant cells. Biopsy of pustules showed features consistent with GPP, including psoriasiform hyperplasia, Munro's abscesses, and Kogoj's spongiform pustules. The patient was diagnosed with BB leprosy with severe reversal reaction coexisting with GPP. She was treated with WHO-recommended multidrug therapy for multibacillary leprosy and systemic corticosteroids, leading to marked clinical improvement within 47 days. This case highlights the importance of recognizing rare coexisting conditions of leprosy and autoimmune diseases, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive diagnostic approach and prompt management to achieve favourable outcomes.
Influenza Vaccine as a Potential Trigger for Urticarial Phase Bullous Pemphigoid: A Case Report.
Madani A, Alraddadi B, Alajlan A … +1 more , Alkanaan R
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 42016540 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a chronic autoimmune blistering disorder that primarily affects older adults. While typically associated with tense bullae, its urticarial phase presents diagnostic challenges due...
INTRODUCTION: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a chronic autoimmune blistering disorder that primarily affects older adults. While typically associated with tense bullae, its urticarial phase presents diagnostic challenges due to its nonspecific features, often mimicking other pruritic dermatoses. CASE PRESENTATION: This report presents a unique case of urticarial phase BP triggered by influenza vaccination in a 58-year-old male, with a clinical course marked by widespread intensely pruritic annular erythematous plaques. Notably, no vesicles, bullae, or erosions were observed during the early phase. Histopathological analysis revealed subepidermal eosinophilic infiltration and characteristic direct immunofluorescence findings, confirming the diagnosis. Treatment with systemic corticosteroids and topical therapies resulted in clinical remission. CONCLUSION: This case contributes to the growing evidence of vaccine-triggered autoimmune diseases, highlighting potential mechanisms such as molecular mimicry and immune dysregulation. By comparing this case with previous reports, we underscore the importance of recognizing vaccination as a potential BP trigger. Clinicians should maintain vigilance in diagnosing and managing this rare but significant complication. Further research is needed to elucidate the immunopathogenesis and establish guidelines for vaccination in high-risk individuals.
IL-36 Receptor Antagonist Spesolimab for Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Combined with Palmoplantar Pustulosis: A Case Report.
Tan H, Zhang Y, Zhang B … +6 more , Wang J, Zhang Z, Zhong J, Qiu X, Hu X, Tang L
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 42016539 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: We have entered the era of using biologics and small-molecule targeted drugs to treat diseases. Although there have been many reports on the use of the anti-interleukin-36 (IL-36) receptor antagonist spesolima...
OBJECTIVE: We have entered the era of using biologics and small-molecule targeted drugs to treat diseases. Although there have been many reports on the use of the anti-interleukin-36 (IL-36) receptor antagonist spesolimab for the treatment of generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) recently, the clinical application of spesolimab for the treatment of GPP combined with PPP (palmoplantar pustulosis) is rarely reported, and there is a lack of evidence on the safety and efficacy of the spesolimab.The clinical application of spesolimab for GPP combined with palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is rarely reported, and evidence on its safety and efficacy remains insufficient. We aimed to explore the use of spesolimab for GPP combined with PPP and observed significant efficacy without obvious side effects, thereby providing new ideas for the clinical treatment of GPP combined with PPP. METHODS: We reported a case of GPP combined with PPP treated with spesolimab, which achieved significant therapeutic effects without significant side effects. RESULTS: This case report shows that spesolimab has good clinical efficacy in treating GPP combined with PPP. In this case, the presence of PPP may have delayed the rapid and complete clearance of the skin lesions. CONCLUSION: Spesolimab provides a new treatment option for patients with GPP combined with PPP.
Fermented Plant-Derived Phytoconstituents in Biocosmetics: Pharmacological Enhancements and Applications.
Suhaera S, Sammulia SF, Prayoga DK … +4 more , Ramadhania ZM, Mita SR, Fristiohady A, Milanda T
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 42016538 · Full text
The application of plant-derived extracts in dermatological and cosmeceutical formulations is often limited by poor bioavailability, low skin permeability, and the instability of bioactive compounds. Fermentation has eme...
The application of plant-derived extracts in dermatological and cosmeceutical formulations is often limited by poor bioavailability, low skin permeability, and the instability of bioactive compounds. Fermentation has emerged as a promising biotechnological approach to enhance phytochemical composition and biological activity through microbial biotransformation. This review aims to critically evaluate the effects of fermentation on plant-derived phytoconstituents and their relevance in cosmeceutical dermatology. A structured literature search was conducted using Scopus and PubMed databases for studies published between 2015 and 2025. A total of 32 records were initially identified. After screening titles and abstracts, 19 articles were assessed for full-text eligibility. Following full-text evaluation, 5 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. The findings indicate that fermentation modifies phytochemical profiles, by converting glycosides into more bioactive aglycones resulting in improved skin permeability and biological activity. Fermented extracts demonstrate enhanced antioxidant capacity, increased tyrosinase inhibition, and improved photoprotective effects compared to non-fermented counterparts. Mechanistically, these effects were associated with modulation of oxidative stress pathways and inflammatory mediators, including upregulation of SOD and CAT and suppression of IL-6 and TNF-α. However, the available evidence is predominantly limited to in vitro studies, with variability in fermentation conditions and microbial systems. This review provides an integrated and critical perspective linking biochemical transformation, skin permeability, and dermatological relevance. Future research should prioritize standardization and clinical validation to support translational application.
Dermoscopic Evaluation of Mild-to-Moderate Acne Vulgaris: A Correlation Analysis with Clinical Severity Scales.
Zhang L, Li L, She H … +6 more , Huang Y, Xiong Q, Hu J, Jia C, Yan W, Zeng N
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 42011231 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit. Accurate and objective assessment of inflammatory activity remains a challenge in clinical practice. Dermoscopy, as a noninvasive im...
BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit. Accurate and objective assessment of inflammatory activity remains a challenge in clinical practice. Dermoscopy, as a noninvasive imaging technique, enables visualization of vascular and color changes associated with inflammation. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 40 patients with mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris were enrolled, and 80 dermoscopic images were obtained. Background color, vascular morphology, vascular distribution, and perifollicular yellow halo were analyzed and compared between severity grades (mild vs. moderate) and among lesion types (comedonal, papular, pustular). RESULTS: In the mild group, a light-red background predominated (41.7%), whereas red and dark-red backgrounds were more common in the moderate group (both 38.6%), with a significant difference ( = 10.13, = 0.006). Vascular morphology suggested a trend toward transition from dotted to branched forms with increasing inflammation, although this did not reach statistical significance ( > 0.05). By lesion type, comedonal lesions mainly displayed light-red backgrounds with dotted vessels, while papular and pustular lesions exhibited red-to-dark-red backgrounds with branched or atypical vessels ( < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Progressive deepening of background color and transformation of vascular morphology on dermoscopy are associated with increasing inflammatory activity in acne vulgaris. Quantitative evaluation of these dermoscopic parameters may contribute to preliminary objective severity grading and therapeutic monitoring. Dermoscopy may represent a potentially valuable, noninvasive imaging modality for assessing inflammatory activity in acne.
Decoding the Causal Effects of Blood-Related Phenotypes in Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Zhou F, Zeng G
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 42005973 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic scars (HS) and keloids are pathological outcomes of aberrant wound healing. Their association with systemic physiological factors remains unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) uses genetic varian...
BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic scars (HS) and keloids are pathological outcomes of aberrant wound healing. Their association with systemic physiological factors remains unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) uses genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs) to infer causality, minimizing confounding factors. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aim to investigate the causal effects of blood-related phenotypes, including blood cell counts, blood pressure, lipids, and glucose, on the risk of HS and keloids using a two-sample MR method. METHODS: Genetic instruments for exposures were obtained from publicly available GWAS summary statistics, while outcome data were sourced from the FinnGen database and GWAS Catalog. The IVs were selected based on genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10) and clumped for independence (r < 0.001, window = 10,000 kb), with F-statistic > 10 and minor allele frequency > 0.01 applied to minimize weak instrument bias. Causal estimates were primarily derived using the inverse variance weighted method, supplemented by comprehensive sensitivity analyses including heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and reverse causality. RESULTS: Genetically predicted higher leukocyte (OR: 1.175, 95% CI: 1.049-1.315, P = 0.005) and neutrophil counts (OR: 1.177, 95% CI: 1.040-1.332, P = 0.010) were causally associated with increased keloid risk. Conversely, lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) (OR: 0.709, 95% CI: 0.537-0.938, P = 0.016) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (OR: 0.732, 95% CI: 0.565-0.949, P = 0.018) were causally linked to higher HS risk, and lower SBP (OR: 0.760, 95% CI: 0.622-0.928, P = 0.007) was associated with increased keloid risk. No causal relationships were found for other blood cells, lipids, or glucose with either scar type. Sensitivity analyses did not indicate substantial heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy, supporting the robustness of the main findings. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests the causal effects of blood-related phenotypes in HS and keloids by using an MR method. Our results offer novel etiological insights and a potential perspective for scar-related intervention.
Double Chin Correction with Combination of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound and Hyaluronic Acid: A 24-Week Case Report.
Fujimaki A, Imaizumi A
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 42005972 · Full text
Submental fullness, commonly referred to as a double chin, is a frequent aesthetic concern influenced by subcutaneous fat accumulation and underlying skeletal structure. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and hyalu...
Submental fullness, commonly referred to as a double chin, is a frequent aesthetic concern influenced by subcutaneous fat accumulation and underlying skeletal structure. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injection have each been used as minimally invasive treatment options; however, reports on their combined use remain limited. We report two Asian female patients with mild to moderate submental fullness who were treated with a sequential combination of linear HIFU and HA filler injection in routine clinical practice. One patient underwent HIFU followed by HA injection, whereas the other received HA injection prior to HIFU treatment. Both patients demonstrated improvement in submental contour, cervicomental angle, and chin projection during follow-up, with results maintained at 24 weeks. Patient satisfaction was high, treatment-related discomfort was minimal, and no immediate or delayed adverse events were observed. Although limited by the small number of cases, these observations suggest that a combined approach using HIFU and HA filler may represent a well-tolerated, minimally invasive option for selected patients with submental fullness.
Safety and Feasibility of Compound Glycyrrhizin-Based Combination Therapy for Coexisting Facial Vitiligo and Melasma: A Real-World Retrospective Study.
Shi Z, Zhu Y, Wang Q … +4 more , Zhang L, Liu S, Jiang M, Xiang L
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 42005971 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The coexistence of vitiligo and melasma poses a therapeutic challenge, as interventions for one condition may adversely affect the other. Compound glycyrrhizin (CG), an immunomodulatory agent widely used in v...
BACKGROUND: The coexistence of vitiligo and melasma poses a therapeutic challenge, as interventions for one condition may adversely affect the other. Compound glycyrrhizin (CG), an immunomodulatory agent widely used in vitiligo management in China, has been explored in combination treatment strategies. However, data on its use in patients concurrently affected by melasma are limited. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 29 adults with facial non-segmental vitiligo and coexisting melasma who received oral CG for 12 months, in combination with topical tacrolimus and phototherapy using melasma shielding. Clinical parameters were evaluated using the Facial Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (F-VASI) and Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI), along with standardized facial photography and serum chemokine profiling. RESULTS: Among the 29 patients who underwent combination therapy, the mean baseline F-VASI was 0.99 ± 0.65, which decreased by 54.93% ± 19.99% over 12 months. Initial repigmentation was observed at a mean of 4.17 ± 1.26 months. Melasma severity remained largely stable throughout the treatment period (baseline MASI 16.51 ± 7.31 vs 15.97 ± 7.02 post-treatment). In parallel, serum CXCL10 and CCL20 levels showed a downward trend over time, coinciding with clinical improvement. CONCLUSION: In this retrospective real-world cohort, facial vitiligo improved during 12 months of CG-based combination therapy without apparent worsening of coexisting melasma. The regimen was well tolerated, with no severe adverse events. Controlled studies are needed to confirm efficacy and clarify the independent role of CG.
Clinical Applications of Punch-Based Techniques in Dermatologic Surgery.
Du M, Qin H, Zhang L
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41988096 · Full text
Punch-based techniques are widely used minimally invasive surgical procedures in dermatologic surgery. Beyond diagnostic use, punch-based procedures are increasingly applied therapeutically across multiple conditions. Th...
Punch-based techniques are widely used minimally invasive surgical procedures in dermatologic surgery. Beyond diagnostic use, punch-based procedures are increasingly applied therapeutically across multiple conditions. This review summarizes the current therapeutic applications of punch-based techniques and discusses the strengths and limitations of existing evidence. Current literature supports the use of follicular unit extraction (FUE) for androgenetic alopecia, with generally predictable and reproducible outcomes. In contrast, applications of punch-based techniques for scar improvement, vitiligo repigmentation, chronic wound repair, pilonidal sinus management, and keloid volume reduction are more heterogeneous, and their efficacy often depends on disease stability, combination treatment strategies, and operator experience. Punch elevation, as an adjunctive technique, may improve outcomes in selected atrophic acne scars. In benign cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions, punch excision offers favorable cosmetic advantages due to its limited incision length. Across different indications, most evidence derives from small observational studies or case series, and long-term controlled data remain limited. Overall, punch-based techniques provide precise and tissue-preserving therapeutic options in dermatologic surgery; however, their clinical value varies substantially depending on the specific indications. Further standardized and prospective studies are needed to clarify their long-term efficacy and optimal positioning within treatment algorithms.
Causal Effects of Diet on Atopic Dermatitis: A Mendelian Randomization Study Implicating Lipid Pathways and Clinical Implications.
Wen X, Xiao Q, Wang S … +4 more , Wu J, Li S, Yu T, Zhou M
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41988095 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Dietary fat quality and carbohydrate processing shape lipid and lipoprotein profiles involved in skin barrier integrity and cutaneous inflammation relevant to atopic dermatitis (AD). We assessed the causal re...
BACKGROUND: Dietary fat quality and carbohydrate processing shape lipid and lipoprotein profiles involved in skin barrier integrity and cutaneous inflammation relevant to atopic dermatitis (AD). We assessed the causal relevance of dietary patterns and food items to AD and mapped lipid-lipoprotein mediators. METHODS: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization using genome-wide significant instruments for 83 UK Biobank diet traits and 241 serum lipid/lipoprotein measures, with AD cases from FinnGen R10 (European ancestry). Primary analyses used inverse-variance weighted MR with extensive sensitivity analyses, false discovery rate control, reverse MR, and multivariable MR. Mediation was assessed using the product-of-coefficients approach. Instrument strength was adequate (median > 10). RESULTS: Using two-step Mendelian randomization, we identified specific dietary items with causal effects on AD risk. Notably, a dietary pattern characterized by higher unsaturated fats-exemplified by the protective effect of "other oil‑based spreads"-was associated with lower AD risk (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.34-0.93, = 0.023). Conversely, a pattern reflecting refined-grain intake, represented by the risk-increasing effect of "brown bread", was associated with higher AD risk (OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.10-2.89, = 0.01). Mediation analyses mapped the underlying lipid pathways: sphingomyelin SM C20:2 mediated 15.9% of the protective effect of oil-based spreads ( = -0.09, = 0.003), and VLDL particle measures mediated 8.9% of the risk associated with brown bread ( = 0.05, = 0.003). A complex antagonistic mediation was observed for muesli via phosphatidylcholine PC aa C36:0 (proportion mediated: -13.6%, < 0.001). Reverse MR analyses supported the proposed direction of causality (all > 0.05), and findings were robust across sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION: Dietary patterns high in unsaturated fats, particularly oil-based spreads, appear protective against AD, while refined-grain intake, especially brown bread and black bread, increases AD risk. These effects are mediated through lipid pathways involving sphingomyelins and VLDL metabolism, highlighting modifiable nutritional targets for AD prevention and adjunctive management.
Hyaluronic Acid Filler CPM-V ± Lidocaine for Chin Augmentation: A Randomized, Multicenter, Open-Label Post-Market Follow-Up Study.
Pavicic T, Kerscher M, Sattler S … +10 more , Prager W, Kühne U, Noah EM, Bee EK, da Mota R, Sebastian M, Gerber PA, Tseng Y, Carreon C, Fischer TC
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41982380 · Full text
BACKGROUND: This post-marketing study evaluated the clinical performance and safety of Belotero Volume (CPM-V) and Belotero Volume Lidocaine (CPM-V+) for chin augmentation in a real-world setting. METHODS: This prospecti...
BACKGROUND: This post-marketing study evaluated the clinical performance and safety of Belotero Volume (CPM-V) and Belotero Volume Lidocaine (CPM-V+) for chin augmentation in a real-world setting. METHODS: This prospective, open-label, randomized study was carried out in Germany. Participants seeking chin augmentation received treatment with CPM-V (n=58) or CPM-V+ (n=63), with an optional touch-up 4 weeks after. The primary effectiveness endpoint was change in chin volume (mL) from baseline to 12 weeks after the last injection (Week 12 or Week 16 for participants with touch-up treatment), measured by validated 3D facial imaging. Secondary endpoints included the change from baseline in the glabella-subnasale-pogonion (G-Sn-Pg) angle (°), the investigator- and participant-assessed Global Aesthetic Improvement Scales (iGAIS/pGAIS) scores, the investigator-assessed Merz Aesthetics Scale (MAS) for chin projection, and participant satisfaction with treatment evaluated by FACE-Q - Satisfaction with Chin. Safety was assessed through adverse event reporting. RESULTS: From baseline to Week 12/16, chin volume increased by a mean (standard deviation [SD]) of 2.5 (0.2) mL (95% confidence interval 2.1, 2.9; p<0.0001) and mean (SD) G-Sn-Pg angle increased by 1.9° (1.7°). At Week 12/16, almost all participants experienced ≥1 point improvements from baseline in MAS for chin projection (91.4%), iGAIS (100%), and pGAIS (99.1%). The mean (SD) Rasch-transformed score FACE-Q - Satisfaction with Chin was 66.6 (18.7) at Week 12/16. Thirty participants (24.8%) reported treatment-related adverse events; incidence was similar between treatment groups and the majority of events were mild to moderate in intensity and transient in nature. CONCLUSION: CPM-V and CPM-V+ were effective for chin augmentation in aesthetic clinical practice. No new safety concerns were identified.
Injectable Fillers for Atrophic Acne Scars: A Systematic Review of Mechanisms, Evidence, and Clinical Algorithms.
Tao A, Shu Y, Ding H … +1 more , Tao G
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41978687 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Acne affects 9.4% of the global population, with the highest prevalence among adolescent males (12-25 years of age). More than 95% of patients develop persistent scarring, predominantly atrophic acne scars (A...
BACKGROUND: Acne affects 9.4% of the global population, with the highest prevalence among adolescent males (12-25 years of age). More than 95% of patients develop persistent scarring, predominantly atrophic acne scars (AAS). These scars markedly impair facial aesthetics, psychological well-being, and quality of life, and increase the risk of depression and suicidal ideation. Conventional therapies (eg, Dermabrasion, Subcision and Traditional Ablative Lasers) show limited efficacy for shallow AAS and are associated with procedural pain, delayed onset of improvement, and a need for repeated sessions. Dermal fillers provide a promising alternative by delivering immediate volumetric correction and aesthetic enhancement while also stimulating long-term collagen production with minimal invasiveness and favorable safety profiles. They therefore represent a novel therapeutic approach for AAS. AIM: This review systematically evaluates the clinical utility of dermal fillers for treating AAS and explores future diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. METHODS: We searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for studies published in the past 10 years, categorizing and evaluating the efficacy and adverse effects of different dermal fillers for treating AAS. RESULTS: Twenty-four studies met inclusion criteria, involving collagen-based fillers, hyaluronic acid fillers, collagen stimulator fillers, autologous fat, and decellularized matrix fillers. All filler types demonstrated significant scar improvement. Effects ranged from 3-6 months to >24 months. CaHA, PCL, and autologous fat/SVF demonstrated ≥6-month durability. Transient erythema, edema, and ecchymosis were common. Infrequent events included nodules and hyperpigmentation. No severe complications were reported. CONCLUSION: Multiple studies indicate that dermal fillers offer advantages over conventional therapies for atrophic scars. They provide immediate volumetric correction and stimulate long-term collagen production, with less tissue trauma than traditional approaches. Specific formulations also enhance skin hydration and may slow aging processes. Collectively, these benefits demonstrate substantial clinical promise, particularly when incorporated into combination therapies.
A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Assessor-Blinded Study Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Injectable Non-Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid for Improving Facial Skin Rejuvenation.
Cheng H, Jiang M, Zhong S … +5 more , Liu X, Cao D, Feng Q, Li Y, Xu W
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41971651 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of an injectable non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid (NCHA) solution in improving facial skin appearance. METHODS: This prospective, multicenter, randomized, no‑treatment-contr...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of an injectable non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid (NCHA) solution in improving facial skin appearance. METHODS: This prospective, multicenter, randomized, no‑treatment-controlled, assessor-blinded, superiority clinical trial was conducted from December 2023 to July 2024 with 448 adults (224 per arm). The treatment group received full-face intradermal injections of NCHA (4 mL/session) at baseline, day 28, and day 56; the control group followed routine skincare and underwent the same injection protocol after day 84. The treatment group underwent skin hydration measurement, elasticity measurement (two objective assessments), global aesthetic improvement scale, skin roughness score, and fine line score (three subjective assessments) at baseline; day 28 and 56; and 7/14/28 days after the last injection (day 63/70/84). The control group completed the same assessments at baseline, 28, 56, 63, 70, and 84 days after randomization. RESULTS: In the treatment group, 212 subjects (94.64%) completed the study, compared to 209 (93.3%) in the control group. Hydration increased steadily in the treatment group, exceeding that of the control at all post-treatment time points (P<0.001). Elasticity improvements at 7/14/28 days after the final injection were significantly greater than those in the control group (P<0.05). GAIS, ASRS, and AFLS all favored the treatment arm. Serious adverse events were not observed. CONCLUSION: Full‑face intradermal NCHA improved skin hydration, elasticity, texture, and fine lines with a favorable safety profile. CHINESE CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: ChiCTR2300078169.
Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Needs in Elderly Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris: A Single-Centered Retrospective Study.
Zhou B, Sun L, Xu J … +1 more , Wang X
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41971650 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disorder that causes physical, psychological, and social burdens. There is a growing need to better characterize the distinct clinical features and specific treatm...
BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disorder that causes physical, psychological, and social burdens. There is a growing need to better characterize the distinct clinical features and specific treatment needs of elderly patients with psoriasis, which remains an important area for further research to optimize care in this population. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and treatment preferences of elderly patients with psoriasis vulgaris. METHODS: Patients with psoriasis vulgaris were included in this retrospective study. Data on demographics, disease characteristics, including age at diagnosis, body surface area (BSA), Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), comorbidities, and treatment needs were collected. Patients at the visit over 60 years of age were defined as elderly patients. Patients who were diagnosed before 40 years of age were defined as early-onset psoriasis (EOP), and patients who were diagnosed over 40 years of age were defined as late-onset psoriasis (LOP). Continuous variables were compared using t-tests or Mann-Whitney -tests, categorical variables using Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests. Spearman correlation was used for association analysis. Statistical significance was set at <0.05. RESULTS: A total of 375 patients were included, comprising 70 (18.67%) elderly and 305 (81.33%) non-elderly patients. The elderly group had a significantly higher proportion of LOP (87.14% vs 48.76%, <0.05). A higher percentage of elderly patients had moderate-to-severe (27.14% vs 20.98%, <0.05) and severe (1.43% vs 0.66%, <0.05) disease. Comorbidities were more prevalent in the elderly, including cardiovascular disease (12.86% vs 3.93%, <0.05) and diabetes (12.86% vs. 1.31%, <0.05). Despite this, elderly patients reported lower DLQI scores (median 2.00 vs. 3.00, <0.05). Regarding treatment needs, elderly patients were less likely to prioritize reducing treatment costs (10.00% vs 20.98%, <0.05) and preventing disease recurrence (30.00% vs 44.26%,<0.05) compared to non-elderly patients. Within the elderly cohort, EOP patients exhibited more severe disease (median BSA: 3.00 vs 2.00; median PASI: 3.30 vs 0.80, <0.05), a higher rate of familial psoriasis (33.33% vs 4.92%, <0.05), and a greater demand for reducing treatment costs (33.3% vs 6.56%, <0.05) compared to LOP patients. CONCLUSION: Elderly patients with psoriasis present a distinct clinical profile characterized by a high prevalence of late-onset disease, a significant comorbidity burden, and differing treatment priorities focused less on cost and recurrence. Despite the increased clinical severity, their perceived quality-of-life impact is lower. Besides, they report higher dissatisfaction linked to unmet needs in itch relief, drug safety, and long-term control. Within the elderly cohort, early-onset patients had more severe disease, stronger familial predisposition, and greater cost-related concerns. The findings highlight the necessity for age-specific, multidimensional management strategies for this population.
Prevalence and Clinical Spectrum of Dermatologic Conditions in Renal Transplant Recipients: A 10-Year Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.
Alrubaiaan MT, Almutairi AA, Altuwaijri LM … +5 more , Alobaid NA, Alharbi LA, Alharbi AT, Alnamlah HS, Alfalah M
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41971649 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The lifelong immunosuppressive therapy required to ensure graft survival in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) substantially increases their susceptibility to cutaneous infections, skin malignancies, and drug...
BACKGROUND: The lifelong immunosuppressive therapy required to ensure graft survival in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) substantially increases their susceptibility to cutaneous infections, skin malignancies, and drug-induced dermatologic conditions. However, data on their prevalence and clinical spectrum remain limited. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and clinical spectrum of dermatologic conditions among RTRs. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study design was performed using data extracted from the hospital health information system (BESTCare) to review the medical records of patients with renal transplantation who were referred for dermatologic evaluation over a ten-year period (2015-2025) at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (KAMC). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS (version 27.0). A multinomial logistic regression model was used to examine variables associated with dermatologic conditions. RESULTS: A total of 338 RTRs were included; among them, 174 (51.5%) were female. Infectious conditions were the most prevalent (37.3%), followed by inflammatory (24%), drug-induced (12.4%), hair disorders (11.5%), and neoplastic (5.9%). Viral warts were the most common infectious condition (52 cases, 41.3%), followed by superficial fungal infections (23 cases, 18.3%). Among neoplastic conditions, seborrheic keratosis was the most common benign neoplasm (7 cases, 35.0%), while squamous cell carcinoma (6 cases, 30.0%) and basal cell carcinoma (4 cases, 20.0%) were the most common malignant neoplasms. In multinomial logistic regression, increasing age was independently associated with higher odds of neoplastic conditions (OR = 1.10 per year; 95% CI, 1.05-1.15; < 0.001). Sex was significantly associated with dermatologic conditions, with males having higher odds of inflammatory conditions (OR = 1.30; = 0.021), while females had higher odds of hair disorders (OR = 4.16; 95% CI, 1.82-9.53; = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our study characterized the range of dermatologic conditions encountered in RTRs and highlighted the need to incorporate dermatologic screening and follow-up into multidisciplinary transplant care.
Resolution versus Reliability: Interpreting Ultra-High-Frequency Ultrasound in Melanoma Recurrence Detection [Letter].
Şanal Çamur İ, Çamur E
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41952839 · Full text
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The Impact of Targeted Therapies on the Bone-Vascular Axis in Psoriasis: A Narrative Review.
Zeng H, Chen Y, Yang L
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41948083 · Full text
This narrative review elucidates the impact of biologics and small-molecule inhibitors on bone metabolism and cardiovascular risk in patients with psoriasis. Psoriasis is a systemic immune-mediated disorder characterized...
This narrative review elucidates the impact of biologics and small-molecule inhibitors on bone metabolism and cardiovascular risk in patients with psoriasis. Psoriasis is a systemic immune-mediated disorder characterized by a "Calcification Paradox"-the simultaneous occurrence of skeletal bone loss and vascular calcification. We explore the molecular mechanisms of the "Bone-Vascular Axis", highlighting how the IL-23/IL-17 axis disrupts the RANKL/OPG balance and drives the osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells. We critically evaluate the therapeutic impact of targeted agents, noting that IL-23 and dual IL-17A/F inhibitors offer significant structural protection in psoriatic arthritis. Regarding oral therapies, while JAK inhibitors necessitate cardiovascular risk stratification, the novel TYK2 inhibitor deucravacitinib demonstrates a favorable cardiovascular safety profile based on long-term extension data, although large-scale, hard endpoint-driven cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) remain necessary to confirm definitive long-term protection. We conclude that effective management must shift from skin-focused control to a comprehensive systemic strategy targeting the bone-vascular axis to mitigate long-term comorbidities.
Facial Overfilled Syndrome: A Narrative Clinical Review.
Zhou C, Che Q, Zhao R … +2 more , Wang H, Wa Q
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41948082 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Facial Overfilled Syndrome (FOS) is an increasingly prevalent iatrogenic complication resulting from the excessive or inappropriate use of dermal fillers. Clinically significant for causing facial distortion...
BACKGROUND: Facial Overfilled Syndrome (FOS) is an increasingly prevalent iatrogenic complication resulting from the excessive or inappropriate use of dermal fillers. Clinically significant for causing facial distortion and unnatural dynamics, it is frequently compounded by profound psychological distress and aesthetic perception biases. AIM: This narrative clinical review aims to summarize the etiology, clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies of FOS, establishing a structured framework to emphasize the importance of prevention through anatomical knowledge and individualized treatment planning. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and CNKI using keywords such as "facial overfilled syndrome", "facial overfilling", "overfilled face" and "dermal filler complications". Relevant original studies, clinical trials, meta-analyses, and reviews published until October 2025 were included and synthesized into a narrative framework. RESULTS: The pathogenesis of FOS extends beyond mere volumetric excess, driven by a complex triad of anatomical mismatch, biomechanical dysregulation, and the cumulative payload of repeated treatments. Clinical hallmarks include resting distortion and unnatural facial animation. Management must be highly individualized; while targeted, ultrasound-guided hyaluronidase injection remains the established gold standard for hyaluronic acid fillers, evolving adjunctive therapies (eg, recombinant enzymes, energy-based devices, and micro-liposuction) demand strict clinical caution. CONCLUSION: Addressing FOS requires a clinical paradigm shift from simple volume restoration to precision-driven, layer-specific augmentation. Prevention through patient education and anatomical mastery is paramount. Future research should prioritize elucidating filler degradation kinetics, developing objective 3D assessment tools, and engineering fully reversible biomaterials.
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