Clinical, Cosmetic And Investigational Dermatology[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Successful Treatment of Localized Eruptive Pruritic Papular Porokeratosis with A Single Session of Cryotherapy: A Case Report.
Wen X, Nie W, Liu J … +1 more , Cheng L
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41909535 · Full text
Eruptive pruritic papular porokeratosis (EPPP) is a rare subtype of porokeratosis characterized by acute-onset pruritic papules, and conventional therapies often yield unsatisfactory results. While cryotherapy has been p...
Eruptive pruritic papular porokeratosis (EPPP) is a rare subtype of porokeratosis characterized by acute-onset pruritic papules, and conventional therapies often yield unsatisfactory results. While cryotherapy has been proposed as a potential intervention, successful cases with long-term follow-up remain sparse. We report a 58-year-old male with EPPP confined to the thighs for 2 years, refractory to oral antihistamines and topical glucocorticoids. The patient received a single session of liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy (spray distance 2 cm, 10-15 seconds per lesion, one freeze-thaw cycle) and was followed up for 3 years. Complete lesion regression and pruritus resolution were achieved 2 weeks post-treatment, with no recurrence observed. The only adverse events were mild persistent hyperpigmentation and superficial atrophic scars, which did not affect cosmetic outcomes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of EPPP successfully managed with single-session cryotherapy. This case supplements clinical evidence for cryotherapy in EPPP, offering an effective, safe, and economical alternative for patients with limited resources, poor adherence, or contraindications to systemic therapy.
Case Report: Hereditary Angioedema Accompanied by Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.
Wang H, Shen Y
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41909534 · Full text
PURPOSE: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by recurrent edema of the skin and tissues. Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is recurrent urticaria that lasts for more than 6 weeks withou...
PURPOSE: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by recurrent edema of the skin and tissues. Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is recurrent urticaria that lasts for more than 6 weeks without an apparent cause. It has long been believed that HAE does not occur with CSU. PATIENT AND CASE DESCRIPTION: Herein, we report a case of definite HAE with CSU. The patient was diagnosed with CSU due to recurrent clinical symptoms. After treatment with omalizumab, the symptoms of CSU improved, but there were still unpredictable recurrent episodes of edema. For further diagnosis, genetic testing and other laboratory examinations were performed, and it was confirmed that the patient also had HAE. RESULTS: After treatment with omalizumab, the pruritus and erythema improved, confirming the diagnosis of CSU. The diagnosis of HAE (C1-INH deficiency, type 1) was established by WES, C1-INH concentration (0.08 g/L) and C4 level (25 mg/L) measurements, which explained the recurrent edema. CONCLUSION: We report a case with both HAE and CSU, suggesting that doctors should consider the possibility of co-existence of diseases in diagnosis, and attention should be paid to the timing of different treatment options such as omalizumab in the course of treatment.
Abrocitinib Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis or Eczema in Patients with Coexistent or Prior Psoriasis: Three Cases with Literature Review.
Chen X, Ji H, Xiong J … +2 more , Chen S, Cai T
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41909533 · Full text
PURPOSE: To characterize clinical outcomes of abrocitinib in patients with coexistent psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD)/eczema and to synthesize published case-level evidence on Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors and other...
PURPOSE: To characterize clinical outcomes of abrocitinib in patients with coexistent psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD)/eczema and to synthesize published case-level evidence on Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors and other biologic strategies for this overlap phenotype. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed three adults with psoriasis and concurrent eczema/AD-like dermatitis treated with abrocitinib, with outcomes assessed using PASI, SCORAD/IGA, and PP-NRS. A structured search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science (inception to 31 December 2025) identified eligible reports describing clinically diagnosed psoriasis-eczema/AD overlap treated with JAK inhibitors or biologic agents, with independent screening and de-duplication. RESULTS: Two patients receiving abrocitinib 100 mg/day achieved marked improvement, and one patient refractory to upadacitinib 30 mg/day improved after switching to abrocitinib 200 mg/day; no treatment-related adverse events were observed, and one patient had no recurrence during >4 months of follow-up. In the literature synthesis, 16 JAK inhibitor-treated cases (abrocitinib, upadacitinib, baricitinib) showed consistent clinical benefit, with PASI decreasing from 9-25.9 to 0-3.2 and SCORAD/EASI decreasing from 24.6-71.1 to 0-30.4, and no adverse events reported. Nine cases treated with other biologics also improved (PASI 9.1-35 to 3-7.2; SCORAD/EASI 19.4-59 to 0-9.4), with conjunctivitis reported in one dual-biologic case. CONCLUSION: Systemic JAK inhibition may offer an integrated option for psoriasis with coexisting eczema/AD, enabling concurrent lesion and symptom control with favorable short-term tolerability. Larger prospective studies with standardized diagnostic confirmation and harmonized outcome reporting are required to clarify long-term safety, durability, and optimal positioning versus biologic regimens.
Real-World Experience with Upadacitinib in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Dual-Center Case Series.
Martora F, Megna M, Molinelli E … +4 more , Gambini D, Simonetti O, Cimmino M, Napolitano M
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41909532 · Full text
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease with significant impact on quality of life and limited effective therapeutic options. Although biologic agents targeting TNF-α and IL-17A ar...
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease with significant impact on quality of life and limited effective therapeutic options. Although biologic agents targeting TNF-α and IL-17A are approved for moderate-to-severe HS, many patients exhibit inadequate or unsustained responses. Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have recently emerged as potential alternatives. Upadacitinib, a selective JAK1 inhibitor approved for several immune-mediated disorders including atopic dermatitis (AD), may represent a novel therapeutic strategy. We conducted a real-world case series evaluating the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in 10 patients with severe, refractory AD and/or HS treated at two dermatology centers. Patients received either 30 mg or 15 mg daily without concomitant systemic therapies and were assessed at baseline, 4 months, and 12 months using validated clinical scores. AD outcomes included EASI, Peak Pruritus NRS, and DLQI, while HS outcomes included IHS4, HiSCR, pain VAS, and DLQI. Marked clinical improvement was observed in AD, with progressive reductions in disease severity, pruritus, and quality-of-life impairment over 12 months. In contrast, HS patients demonstrated more modest improvements, with limited achievement of HiSCR despite reductions in IHS4 and pain scores. Treatment was well tolerated, with no reported adverse events. These findings suggest that upadacitinib is highly effective for AD, while its benefit in HS appears less pronounced, highlighting the need for larger controlled studies to better define its therapeutic role in HS.
Disentangling Nicotine vs Non-Nicotine Components of Tobacco Exposure in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: A Multivariable and Trans-Ethnic Mendelian Randomization Study.
Yu H, Zhang Y, Wang M … +3 more , Huang Q, Ni Y, Bai Y
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41890444 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To disentangle tobacco constituents in psoriasis, we contrasted nicotine exposure-proxied by the nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR)-with smoking intensity (cigarettes per day, CPD) and evaluated cross-ancestry ef...
OBJECTIVE: To disentangle tobacco constituents in psoriasis, we contrasted nicotine exposure-proxied by the nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR)-with smoking intensity (cigarettes per day, CPD) and evaluated cross-ancestry effects. METHODS: This study applied multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) jointly modeling genetically proxied NMR (instrumented using variants from a European-ancestry GWAS) and CPD to estimate their independent effects on liability to psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) served as a positive control. Cross-ancestry generalizability was tested using a trans-ethnic MR (TEMR) framework under conditional likelihood with Nelder-Mead optimization. Sensitivity analyses assessed pleiotropy, heterogeneity, directionality (Steiger), MRLap, RadialMR, and multiple testing (Benjamini-Hochberg). RESULTS: NMR showed an independent association with higher PsA risk irrespective of CPD (OR = 1.104, 95% CI: 1.039-1.174). CPD retained an independent effect on overall psoriasis after conditioning on NMR (OR = 1.305, 95% CI: 1.082-1.573), while the NMR effect on psoriasis attenuated (P > 0.05). In univariable MR, genetically predicted NMR increased psoriasis risk in Europeans (EUR; OR = 1.032, 95% CI: 1.013-1.051). CPD associated with psoriasis in EUR (OR = 1.130, 95% CI: 1.031-1.239) and strongly in Hispanics (HIS; OR = 1.448, 95% CI: 1.434-1.463), with suggestive evidence in East Asians. Reverse-direction MR indicated psoriasis liability correlated with lower CPD across EUR, EAS, AFR, and HIS (β < 0, < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study supports ancestry-specific differences and suggests distinct roles of nicotine-related versus non-nicotine tobacco smoke constituents in psoriasis and its subtypes, while the underlying biological mechanisms remain to be clarified.
A Study on Lifestyle and Dietary Factors in Psoriasis: Global Prevalence Trends in Working-Age Populations, Association with LE4 Lifestyle Factors, and Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Dietary Causal Effects.
Aobulitalifu A, Ren X, Cheng L … +3 more , Maimaitiaili T, Apaer A, Upur H
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41890443 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin disease influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, with increasing burden among working-age adults. OBJECTIVE: To examine global trends in psorias...
BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin disease influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, with increasing burden among working-age adults. OBJECTIVE: To examine global trends in psoriasis prevalence among working-age adults, evaluate associations with lifestyle factors using a simplified Life's Essential 4 (LE4) index, and explore potential dietary causal relationships through Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS: Global prevalence trends from 1990 to 2021 were analyzed using GBD 2021 data, calculating age-standardized rates (ASR) and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC), with projections to 2031. Regional variations across SDI levels were also assessed. The LE4 index, derived from core lifestyle components of the Life's Essential 8 framework using NHANES data, was evaluated via survey-weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis. Two-sample MR analyses were conducted using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method to assess dietary traits. RESULTS: The global prevalence of psoriasis among working-age adults increased from 555.7 to 600.6 per 100,000 (EAPC: 0.22%), with projections reaching 631.6 by 2031; Notably, upward trends were consistently observed across all SDI regions. Higher LE4 scores (≥81.2) were associated with lower odds of psoriasis (OR: 0.518, P=0.040). MR analyses suggested that genetically predicted fizzy drink consumption increased risk (OR: 1.57, P=0.0215), whereas salad vegetable intake showed a protective association (OR: 0.85, P=0.0224). CONCLUSION: The burden of psoriasis among working-age adults shows a modest global increase with regional heterogeneity. Healthier lifestyle patterns and favorable dietary factors were associated with reduced risk, highlighting the importance of modifiable behaviors in prevention strategies.
Erythema Annulare Centrifugum On The Face.
Chen X, Yu Q, Chang D … +1 more , Tang C
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41890442 · Full text
A 57-year-old female presented with recurrent erythema on the face and right upper limb for over 8 years, with exacerbation noted in the past 2 months. Skin biopsy revealed partial epidermal keratinization, mild acanthos...
A 57-year-old female presented with recurrent erythema on the face and right upper limb for over 8 years, with exacerbation noted in the past 2 months. Skin biopsy revealed partial epidermal keratinization, mild acanthosis with slight spongiosis, and dermal perivascular lymphocytic infiltration, leading to a diagnosis of erythema annulare centrifugum. The patient was treated with topical tacrolimus ointment, resulting in significant improvement within one week. This case highlights the importance of recognizing the clinical features associated with this condition. Early identification and intervention can provide relief and improve the quality of life for patients suffering from this chronic dermatological issue.
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Patient Satisfaction of Endoscope-Assisted High-Speed Rotary Cutter for Nuchal Fat Pad Removal.
Wang L, Zhang J, Tan K … +3 more , Xi W, Jiang B, Yang F
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41890441 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and patient satisfaction of high-speed rotary cutter combined with endoscopy for the treatment of nuchal fat pads. METHODS: A total of 68 adult patients with hypertrophic nuch...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and patient satisfaction of high-speed rotary cutter combined with endoscopy for the treatment of nuchal fat pads. METHODS: A total of 68 adult patients with hypertrophic nuchal fat pads were included in this study. Under super-wet tumescent anesthesia, incisions were marked around the fat pads. A fork-shaped dissector was first used to sharply dissect the adipose tissue through multiplanar and multiangular separation. Subsequently, an endoscope-assisted high-speed rotary cutter was employed to completely resect and aspirate the isolated fat. Thin liposuction cannulas were then used to refine the contour of the transition zone between the residual fat pads and the normal adipose tissue to achieve a smooth, natural gradient. The incisions were closed using oil-coated sutures, followed by figure-of-8 compression bandaging. Patients were instructed to use a rice pillow postoperatively and were followed up for 3 to 6 months to monitor complications, assess cervical contour improvement, and evaluate patient satisfaction. RESULTS: The mean operative time was 65 minutes. All patients experienced varying degrees of pain and swelling within 1-2 months after surgery. Among them, 7 cases (10.29%) exhibited bruising or ecchymosis, 3 cases (4.41%) had palpable subcutaneous cords or induration, and 1 case (1.47%) developed a seroma within two weeks. Swelling began to subside from the third postoperative day. Complete resolution of swelling was achieved in 63 patients (92.65%) within one month, and in the remaining 5 patients (7.35%) within one and a half months. One case (1.47%) showed delayed wound healing, which improved after two weeks of active dressing care; the other 67 cases (98.53%) achieved primary healing. One patient (1.47%) presented with a slight "step-off" appearance at the transition zone upon one-month follow-up, while the other 67 cases (98.53%) achieved complete fat removal, resulting in a natural and smooth nuchal contour. Within 3-6 months postoperatively, all patients recovered normal skin sensation, elasticity, and color in the operative area. No serious complications such as skin necrosis, infection, neurovascular injury, or fat embolism occurred. The satisfaction survey showed that 58 patients were satisfied, 8 were somewhat satisfied, and 2 reported fair satisfaction, yielding an overall satisfaction rate of 97.06%. CONCLUSION: The combination of a high-speed rotary cutter and endoscopy for nuchal fat pad removal demonstrates a natural appearance, short operative time, low complication rate, and high patient satisfaction. This technique is effective and worthy of clinical promotion.
Beer Intake is Positively, While Cheese and Dried Fruit Intake Are Negatively Genetically Correlated with Psoriasis: A GWAS Summary-Statistics Study Using condFDR/conjFDR.
Liu G, Gong F, Yang G … +1 more , Luo Q
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41884394 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Previous epidemiological investigations have reported associations between beer, cheese, and dried fruit intake and the incidence of psoriasis (PS). Nevertheless, the extent of shared genetic architecture und...
BACKGROUND: Previous epidemiological investigations have reported associations between beer, cheese, and dried fruit intake and the incidence of psoriasis (PS). Nevertheless, the extent of shared genetic architecture underlying these associations remains insufficiently characterized. Therefore, it is essential to examine their molecular relationships from a genomics perspective. METHODS: A stratified, stepwise analytical framework was applied, utilizing genome-wide association study data for PS and three dietary intake patterns (beer, cheese, and dried fruit intake). In the initial phase, linkage disequilibrium score regression, genetic covariance analysis, and high-definition likelihood approaches were employed to quantify genome-wide genetic correlations. Subsequently, local genetic overlap analyses were conducted to delineate chromosomal regions harboring relevant associations. Finally, the conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate (condFDR/conjFDR) methodology was implemented to identify potential shared genetic loci (genetic overlap) across the phenotypes. RESULTS: The analysis revealed consistent genome-wide genetic correlations between psoriasis (PS) and the three dietary intake traits across LDSC, GNOVA, and HDL. PS showed a significant positive genetic correlation with beer intake (Rg = 0.1082 [LDSC], 0.0796 [GNOVA], and 0.144 [HDL]), whereas negative genetic correlations were observed for cheese intake (Rg = -0.1523, -0.1089, and -0.1866) and dried fruit intake (Rg = -0.2187, -0.1639, and -0.2623). Local analyses further identified multiple chromosomal regions with shared genetic signals. Finally, condFDR/conjFDR analyses supported these overlaps and enabled the identification of several significant shared loci between PS and the dietary traits. CONCLUSION: This study systematically investigated the genetic associations between PS and three dietary intake patterns from a genomic perspective and characterized their genome-wide and local genetic overlap. The shared loci identified enhance the understanding of nutrition-disease molecular mechanisms and provide genetic evidence to inform future mechanistic research and risk-modification strategies.
Low Humidity Alters Epidermal Gene Expression in vivo.
Wen S, Wang X, Ye L … +3 more , Gong C, Liu D, Man MQ
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41884393 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Environmental factors, including humidity, affect cutaneous functions. The influences of low humidity on epidermal gene expression and whether an emollient can attenuate its effects are unknown. METHODS: We...
INTRODUCTION: Environmental factors, including humidity, affect cutaneous functions. The influences of low humidity on epidermal gene expression and whether an emollient can attenuate its effects are unknown. METHODS: We employed RNAseq technique to analyze epidermal gene expression in mice exposed to low humidity (15%) with or without topical treatment with an emollient (Dr. Yu Skin Barrier Repair Cream) for 6 months. Mice maintained in normal humidity (55±5%) served as normal controls. RESULTS: Exposure of mice to low humidity down-regulated 159 genes and upregulated 105 genes in the epidermis. Topical applications of the emollient upregulated 195 genes and downregulated 280 genes in mice exposed to low humidity. Low humidity primarily downregulated genes associated with interaction between viral proteins and cytokines, and cytokine-cytokine interaction pathways, while upregulating genes associated with IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways. Topical emollient upregulated signaling pathways associated with fatty acid elongation, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) and fatty acid metabolism in mice exposed to low humidity, while down-regulated genes were associated with inflammation. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that low humidity alters epidermal gene expression, and topical emollient regulates epidermal gene expression in mice exposed to low humidity, providing a rationale for utility of emollients in low-humidity environment and the management of dry skin.
An Overview of the Treatment of Onychomycosis in Patients with Diabetes: Current Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Options.
Li Y, Qiu J, Shen Y … +2 more , Tan W, Zhang J
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41884392 · Full text
Onychomycosis exhibits a high incidence in patients with diabetes, and its treatment is often challenging and prone to recurrence due to specific pathophysiological factors (such as impaired immune function and microcirc...
Onychomycosis exhibits a high incidence in patients with diabetes, and its treatment is often challenging and prone to recurrence due to specific pathophysiological factors (such as impaired immune function and microcirculatory disorders). It can also lead to serious complications such as foot infections. This review systematically examines the therapeutic options specifically for diabetic onychomycosis. We will review traditional treatment methods, including oral and topical antifungal drugs, with a particular focus on their safety and drug-drug interactions. Besides, we also explored emerging new therapeutic strategies, such as laser therapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and surgical approaches. By integrating current clinical data, this review aims to provide clinicians with a more comprehensive and effective approach to treatment, with the goal of improving the clinical outcomes and quality of life for patients with diabetic onychomycosis.
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Injectable Non-Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid Associated with a Protective Buffer in Patients with Photoaging of the Periorbital Area.
Osuna Arellano A, Ranneva E, Doroshenko O … +2 more , Mustafina A, Deprez P
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41884391 · Full text
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of injectable non-crosslinked HA associated with a protective buffer in patients with photoaging, particularly in lateral canthal rhytids. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a...
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of injectable non-crosslinked HA associated with a protective buffer in patients with photoaging, particularly in lateral canthal rhytids. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a post-market interventional clinical investigation in patients with lateral canthal rhytids graded between 1 and 4 based on the crow's feet grading scale who received a single session of the product in the periorbital area. The primary endpoint of this clinical investigation was improvement in hydration. Secondary endpoints included the evaluation of the product efficacy against lateral canthal rhytids and infraorbital dark circles, subjects' and investigator's satisfaction, as well as the occurrence of any adverse events. The follow-up was for 7 days. RESULTS: The study included 34 patients (6 male and 28 female) with a mean age of 53 ± 7.58 years. The mean corneometric index (CM value) increased from 57.17 ± 11.04 to 58.83 ± 7.36 (p < 0.05). Dynamic rhytids reduced by 6%, with a significant reduction in the crow's feet grading scale from 2.76 ± 0.69 to 2.59 ± 0.76 (p < 0.05). Infraorbital dark circles improved in 50% of patients. Patients' satisfaction was similar to the evaluators' satisfaction, with 74% of the patients rating the outcome as "improved" or " much improved", and 68% of evaluators rating the outcome as "improved" or "much improved" on the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS). Mild ecchymosis was the only reported adverse event. CONCLUSION: Non-cross-linked HA associated with a protective buffer is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for the consequences of photoaging in the periorbital area.
A Case of Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma Misdiagnosed as Eczema-Like Dermatitis in an Elderly Patient.
Xie L, Huang Z, Zhang R
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41884390 · Full text
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a clinically heterogeneous subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma that frequently presents with nonspecific cutaneous manifestations. Approximately 40%-50% of patients initiall...
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a clinically heterogeneous subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma that frequently presents with nonspecific cutaneous manifestations. Approximately 40%-50% of patients initially develop diffuse erythema or papular eruptions that may mimic benign inflammatory or allergic dermatoses, posing a diagnostic challenge in early disease stages. We report the case of an 81-year-old man who presented with generalized pruritic papules and was initially diagnosed with an eczema-like inflammatory dermatitis. Although the skin lesions showed transient improvement with symptomatic treatment, they recurred repeatedly. The subsequent onset of chills and cervical lymphadenopathy prompted further evaluation, including skin and lymph node biopsies, which established the diagnosis of AITL. Bone marrow involvement was identified by morphologic examination and flow cytometry. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated neoplastic T cells expressing CD3, CD4, and CD5, along with follicular helper T-cell-associated markers including CD10, BCL-6, PD-1, and CXCL13, with a Ki-67 proliferation index of approximately 70%. This case underscores the diagnostic complexity of AITL presenting with predominant allergic-like skin lesions and highlights the importance of considering underlying lymphoproliferative disorders in elderly patients with persistent, recurrent, or atypical dermatoses. Timely histopathological and immunophenotypic evaluation is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.
Integrative Multi-Omics and Experimental Analyses Identify TAPBP as a Key Mediator Linking Genetic Susceptibility to Melanocyte Dysfunction in Vitiligo.
Shi J, Guo M, Fu L … +2 more , He J, Hu Y
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41884389 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is an autoimmune depigmenting disorder characterized by selective melanocyte loss; however, the specific molecular bridges between genetic risk variants and melanocyte-intrinsic immune vulnerability...
BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is an autoimmune depigmenting disorder characterized by selective melanocyte loss; however, the specific molecular bridges between genetic risk variants and melanocyte-intrinsic immune vulnerability remain largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the molecular link between genetic susceptibility and melanocyte injury in vitiligo by integrating multi-omics data. METHODS: We integrated large-scale genome-wide association data (FinnGen R12, n=466,064), expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLgen, n=31,684), and single-cell transcriptomic profiles to identify genes mediating vitiligo susceptibility. RESULTS: Cross-omic analysis identified TAPBP as a top candidate, which is significantly upregulated in lesional melanocytes and core to the antigen-processing network. Functional validation in human melanocytes demonstrated that TAPBP overexpression significantly increased HLA class I expression, suppressed cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis. Transcription factor analysis further identified STAT2 as a key upstream regulator, linking interferon signaling to aberrant antigen presentation. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the STAT2-TAPBP axis enhances melanocyte immunogenicity and vulnerability to cytotoxic attack. Our study provides a novel mechanistic link between genetic variation and immune-mediated destruction, positioning TAPBP as a potential biomarker and a target for precision immunotherapy in vitiligo.
A Case Series of Tofacitinib Treatment for Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria with Inadequate Response to Omalizumab.
Zhang X, Zhu M, Ye Y
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41884388 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a refractory dermatosis characterized by recurrent wheals and pruritus. Although omalizumab is recommended for patients failing antihistamine therapy, some patients rema...
BACKGROUND: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a refractory dermatosis characterized by recurrent wheals and pruritus. Although omalizumab is recommended for patients failing antihistamine therapy, some patients remain unresponsive. Tofacitinib is an oral JAK inhibitor that exerts immunosuppressive effects by blocking the key intracellular inflammatory signaling pathway (JAK-STAT). Currently approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ulcerative colitis, and other conditions, it is also widely used in clinical practice for atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, and refractory chronic urticaria. Thus, tofacitinib may offer a novel therapeutic option for such patients. METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 10 CSU patients with suboptimal response to omalizumab who received tofacitinib (5 mg bid) for 24 weeks. Primary outcome was the proportion of patients achieving UCT (Urticaria Control Test) ≥ 12 at 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes included UAS7 (Urticaria Activity Score over 7 days) and UCT scores, along with safety events.Furthermore, through the review of medical records from the abovementioned 10 patients, it was found that all patients had completed blood routine, liver function, thyroid function, total IgE, antinuclear antibody, and coagulation tests prior to the initiation of this study's treatment, or had undergone the same tests within the previous three months. After treatment began, the clinicians re-evaluated the above indicators within 3 to 6 months based on the patients' specific conditions. RESULTS: The median UAS7 score decreased significantly from baseline 21 points to a nadir of 0 points at week 8, maintaining a median of 7 points at week 24. 57.1% of patients remained in remission. The median UCT score increased from 6.5 points at baseline to 12 points at week 8, with continued improvement through week 24. Mild adverse reactions occurred in 3 patients (2 upper respiratory tract infections, 1 abnormal liver function), with no serious adverse events. CONCLUSION: Tofacitinib shows potential in treating CSU patients with inadequate response to omalizumab, offering significant early symptom improvement in some cases with manageable safety. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed for further validation.
Epidemiological Patterns of Common Skin Disorders in Dermatology Outpatient Clinics: A Decade of Data from Eastern Saudi Arabia.
Bin Rubaian NF, AlHuraish DS
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41884387 · Full text
BACKGROUND: Skin disorders represent a significant public health concern, particularly in regions like Eastern Saudi Arabia, where environmental, genetic, and lifestyle factors influence disease patterns. Despite their b...
BACKGROUND: Skin disorders represent a significant public health concern, particularly in regions like Eastern Saudi Arabia, where environmental, genetic, and lifestyle factors influence disease patterns. Despite their burden, comprehensive regional data on dermatological conditions remain limited. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify the most prevalent skin disorders encountered in derma-tology outpatient clinics in Eastern Saudi Arabia and to explore their distribution across demographic subgroups. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using electronic medical records from King Fahad Hospital of the University between 2014 and 2024. A total of 26,363 patients were included. Diagnoses were documented by board-certified dermatologists and classified using ICD-10 codes. Data on age, gender, and nationality were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: A total of 26,363 patients were analyzed Most patients were female (61.6%) and aged 13-60 years (77.3%). The most common diagnoses were eczematous disorders (20.66%) and acneiform disorders (20.47%), followed by viral skin infections (16.52%) and infectious skin conditions (7.02%). Females had higher frequencies across most diagnostic categories. Children ≤12 years showed a higher prevalence of infectious skin disorders (22.03%). Miscellaneous skin conditions accounted for 17.10% of cases. CONCLUSION: Eczematous and acneiform disorders were the most frequent conditions in this outpatient population, consistent with national and international trends. These findings underscore the need for region-specific dermatology services and public health planning. Further research is warranted to explore underlying risk factors and inform targeted interventions.
Sonidegib Therapy for Locally Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma in an Elderly Patient: A Case Report.
Deng Y, He P, Li C … +2 more , Li G, Tao X
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41884386 · Full text
We report a case of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the nose successfully treated with oral sonidegib. An 87-year-old man presented with a pruritic brown papule in the right nasolabial fold, progressively...
We report a case of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the nose successfully treated with oral sonidegib. An 87-year-old man presented with a pruritic brown papule in the right nasolabial fold, progressively enlarging for >10 years and ulcerated for 7 years. Histopathology confirmed nodular BCC with tumor thickness ≥6 mm. Sonidegib (200 mg daily) was initiated, and a complete resolution was achieved after 5 months. No recurrence or significant adverse effects were observed 4 months post-treatment.
Cutaneous Symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis: A Narrative Review.
Piątkiewicz M, Olędzka B, Wołkowicz A … +2 more , Durmaj A, Rudnicka L
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41884385 · Full text
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by a mutation in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene and is characterized by recurrent pulmonary infections, fat malabsorption, and malnutrition. CF is assoc...
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by a mutation in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene and is characterized by recurrent pulmonary infections, fat malabsorption, and malnutrition. CF is associated with diverse dermatologic symptoms, including aquagenic palmoplantar keratoderma, nutrient deficiency dermatitis, and vasculitis. Sporadically, these manifestations may represent the initial symptoms of cystic fibrosis. Drug-induced skin reactions are commonly observed in patients with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) due to the chronic use of antibiotics. Therapy with CFTR modulators is considered the gold standard in the treatment of cystic fibrosis. Nevertheless, they are associated with numerous side effects, ranging from rash to Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Identifying the cutaneous manifestations of cystic fibrosis may support comprehensive care for patients. In this regard, dermatologists may play an important role in the management of associated skin complications.
Atopic Dermatitis with Ichthyosis, Recurrent Fungal and Viral Infections: A Case of Concurrent and Multiple Immune-Related Gene Mutations.
Huang C, Sun J, Zhang C
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41884384 · Full text
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is frequently associated with epidermal barrier dysfunction and may be complicated by recurrent infections. We report a 31-year-old Han Chinese woman with lifelong ichthyosis vulgaris and severe AD...
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is frequently associated with epidermal barrier dysfunction and may be complicated by recurrent infections. We report a 31-year-old Han Chinese woman with lifelong ichthyosis vulgaris and severe AD, complicated by recurrent vaginal Nakaseomyces glabratus () infection and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) reactivation. Antifungal susceptibility testing demonstrated reduced susceptibility to multiple azole agents. Whole-exome sequencing identified a heterozygous frameshift mutation (c.3321delA) together with heterozygous variants in , and , all confirmed by Sanger sequencing. At follow-up, mucocutaneous infections improved, while cutaneous manifestations persisted under topical management. This case highlights the potential combined contribution of epidermal barrier defects and immune-related gene variants to complex atopic disease with recurrent infections.
Treatment for Filler-Induced Alopecia with Concentrated Growth Factors.
Zhang L, Li J, Fu X … +2 more , Liu H, Zhang F
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol · 2026 · PMID 41878555 · Full text
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is widely used for non-surgical facial rejuvenation but is associated with risks, including rare filler-induced alopecia (FIA) in the temporal and frontal regions. While subcutaneous hyaluronidase (H...
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is widely used for non-surgical facial rejuvenation but is associated with risks, including rare filler-induced alopecia (FIA) in the temporal and frontal regions. While subcutaneous hyaluronidase (HAase) injection is the standard treatment, we report an alternative approach using concentrated growth factor (CGF) injections. A 29-year-old female presented with a pruritic alopecic patch in the right temporal region that appeared 20 days after receiving HA filler injection. A well-demarcated 6×4 cm alopecic patch persisted despite prior treatment with HAase. The patient subsequently underwent four CGF injections. During the ten-month follow-up, significant hair regrowth was observed. This case suggests that CGF monotherapy is a promising treatment for FIA.
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