Psychological Reports[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Heroines: Limited Effects of an Educational Program With Counter-Stereotypical Female Role Models on Gender Schemas in Middle Childhood.
Endendijk JJ
Psychol Rep · 2025 Dec · PMID 41420126 · Publisher ↗
Interventions in which people are exposed to counter-stereotypical role models are often used for breaking gender stereotypes. Most gender role-model interventions focus on adolescents and emerging adults. Yet, middle ch...
Interventions in which people are exposed to counter-stereotypical role models are often used for breaking gender stereotypes. Most gender role-model interventions focus on adolescents and emerging adults. Yet, middle childhood might be a highly effective period for changing gender stereotypes because children are still learning about gender and gender roles. Therefore, this study examined the effects of a newly developed educational program with counter-stereotypical female heroines, on children's gender schemas and self-esteem. Differences between boys and girls in the effects of the intervention were also investigated. A sample of 125 Dutch children (53% girls, 7-11 years old) completed a quantitative survey (assessing gender schemas, self-esteem) in class before and after completing the Heroines program with their teachers. Results showed that the program reduced children's gender stereotypes about activities, but did not lead to change in five other gender schemas or self-esteem. Thus, the Heroines program had modest effects on some gender schemas, whereas most gender schemas did not change. This limited change might be due to the relatively short duration of the program, its broad nature, and the possible resistance of gender schemas to change as they have been formed over years in environments that are filled with gender-stereotypical information.
Recollection of Bullshit Work Episodes (vs. Meaningful or Neutral Ones) Relates to Negative Affect, Deviant Work Behavior and Turnover Intentions.
Riester J, Keller J
Psychol Rep · 2025 Dec · PMID 41400960 · Publisher ↗
This study builds upon Riester and Keller (2025) and extends prior findings by (a) employing an experimental approach involving the recollection of neutral, positive (meaningful) or negative (bullshit) work episodes (b)...
This study builds upon Riester and Keller (2025) and extends prior findings by (a) employing an experimental approach involving the recollection of neutral, positive (meaningful) or negative (bullshit) work episodes (b) examining the effect of the experimental manipulation, and specifically the recollection of bullshit episodes, on the reported likelihood to engage in deviant work behavior, turnover intentions and negative affect, (c) investigating the mediating role of negative affect, and (d) analyzing the moderating role of work ethic. In a sample of German employees ( = 253), we manipulated the recollection of experienced work episodes, including a neutral, a meaningful, or a bullshit episode. Results show that recalling bullshit work episodes was associated with increased negative affect and, in turn, with enhanced likelihood to engage in problematic workplace behavior and turnover intentions compared to the other experimental conditions. Furthermore, these relationships were amplified among individuals with stronger work ethic convictions. In contrast, the effects of recollecting meaningful (vs. neutral) experiences at work were not significant for all dependent variables. The study extends prior research (Riester & Keller, 2025) through an experimental investigation and underscores the effects of bullshit job experiences on negative affect, the tendency to engage in unethical work behavior and the critical role of work ethic.
The Relationship Between Attitudes Toward Suicide and Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of Depression.
Lyu S, Guo Z, Jiang SY … +1 more , Li Y
Psychol Rep · 2025 Dec · PMID 41358397 · Publisher ↗
Attitudes toward suicide are complex and multifaceted. Their predictive roles and how they interact with mental health in suicidal ideation and suicide attempts are not well understood. Elaborating on attitudes toward su...
Attitudes toward suicide are complex and multifaceted. Their predictive roles and how they interact with mental health in suicidal ideation and suicide attempts are not well understood. Elaborating on attitudes toward suicide can help contribute to suicide prevention. The current study examined whether and how attitudes toward suicide and depression levels are involved in suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among college students. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 1,427 Chinese college students (61.32% females; mean age, 22.42 years), of whom 570 reported suicidal ideation. Participants completed questionnaires to assess their endorsed attitude toward suicide, stigmatized attitude toward suicide, self-stigma toward suicide, depression, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Structural equation modeling revealed that the associations between the three types of attitudes, i.e., endorsed attitude, stigmatized attitude, and self-stigma, and suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were fully or partially mediated by depression. The results suggested that attitudes toward suicide significantly influence suicidal behaviors through depression levels and future suicide prevention efforts should consider these influences.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Correlation Coefficients Between Fear of Missing Out and Sleep Health Dimensions.
Brombach RK, Kuhn K, Eads O … +1 more , Dietch JR
Psychol Rep · 2025 Dec · PMID 41348967 · Full text
To examine the association between Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and dimensions of sleep health. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from inception to March 2025. Primary inclusion criteria were original studi...
To examine the association between Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and dimensions of sleep health. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from inception to March 2025. Primary inclusion criteria were original studies reporting associations between FoMO and any sleep health dimension. Risk of bias in included studies was assessed independently by two reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. Correlations between FoMO and sleep health dimensions were synthesized using random-effects meta-analytic models. Twenty-two studies (25 independent samples; = 12,191 participants) were included. Most used survey methods and assessed FoMO with the Fear of Missing Out Scale. Meta-analytic random-effects models were conducted for each sleep health dimension with at least 3 independent results. Twelve studies showed a positive correlation between FoMO and Sleep Quality (Fisher's Z = 0.265; p < 0.05), four studies showed a positive correlation between FoMO and Bedtime Procrastination (Fisher's Z = 0.231; p < .001), and five studies showed a positive correlation between FoMO and worse Sleep Hygiene (Fisher's Z = 0.268; p < .001). Two or fewer independent samples showed positive significant relations between FoMO and insomnia, later lights out time, problematic sleep, sleep deprivation, sleep onset latency, and sleep duration. Preliminary evidence suggests FoMO is associated with multiple dimensions of sleep health. Further longitudinal studies using multidimensional sleep assessments are needed. CRD42023446430.
The Self-Compassionate Path to Self-Forgiveness: Self-Kindness Enhances and Isolation Inhibits.
Toussaint LL, Uram P, Surzykiewicz J … +1 more , Skalski-Bednarz SB
Psychol Rep · 2025 Dec · PMID 41340024 · Publisher ↗
Self-forgiveness plays a crucial role in mitigating self-directed blame and enhancing psychological well-being. While prior research has linked self-compassion to self-forgiveness, the extent to which distinct self-compa...
Self-forgiveness plays a crucial role in mitigating self-directed blame and enhancing psychological well-being. While prior research has linked self-compassion to self-forgiveness, the extent to which distinct self-compassion components contribute to self-forgiveness over time has not been systematically examined. The study aimed to assess the extent to which different dimensions of self-compassion (self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness, and over-identification) predict initial levels and growth trajectories of dispositional self-forgiveness over time employing a linear growth curve. A three-wave longitudinal study (with two-month intervals) was conducted with 164 Polish adults, predominantly Catholics. Dispositional self-compassion and self-forgiveness were assessed using validated Polish adaptations of the Self-Compassion Scale and Toussaint Self-Forgiveness Scale. Self-kindness was positively associated with higher baseline self-forgiveness (β = .27, = .02), whereas isolation significantly predicted a slower increase in self-forgiveness over time (β = -.17, = .026). The final model explained 80% of the variance in self-forgiveness at the last wave, with significant individual variability in growth trajectories. The study highlights the therapeutic potential of fostering self-kindness and reducing social disconnection to support self-forgiveness as a phenomenon commonly associated with healthier psychological adaptation.
Heroin Addiction is Associated With Cognitive Deficiency, Neurobiological Alterations and Socio-Demographic Factors in Adolescents.
Tanveer Z, Rafiq M, Sheikh IS … +6 more , Ali HM, Mustafa MZ, Maqbool T, Asif S, Almutairi BO, Luo K
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41316925 · Publisher ↗
The development and growth of cognitive traits at adolescence is a multidimensional progression and drug addiction at this stage imparts significant detrimental effects on cognitive behavior and executive ability of brai...
The development and growth of cognitive traits at adolescence is a multidimensional progression and drug addiction at this stage imparts significant detrimental effects on cognitive behavior and executive ability of brain. In this cross-sectional study, the adolescents with heroin use disorder with (G2) or without (G3) treatment were compared with the healthy controls (G1). Their socio-demographic data were collected, cognition was assessed by Stroop color word and colored number tests. Serum BDNF and dopamine analysis was done by ELISA. Time Interference Score was found to be significantly ( < 0.05) higher while Interference Score showed a significant ( < 0.05) decrease in the inhibitory control in the persons of G3 compared to control group G1. Serum BDNF was found to be significantly ( < 0.05) decreased while dopamine was significantly ( < 0.05) increased in the subjects of G3 compared to control group G1. The death of the father, a family conflict and a family member already addicted for drugs were identified to be significant ( < 0.05) parameters in the drug abuse. Lack of quality education ( < 0.001), financial stress due to unemployment or working only on daily wages ( < 0.001) and people from lower socioeconomic status family ( < 0.05) with low monthly earnings ( < 0.05) have a significantly higher trend for drug addiction. It was then observed that there is a significantly ( < 0.001) strong relationship that more the time spent by the person in the rehabilitation center, the less was the rate of relapse of the problem. It has therefore been concluded that socio-demographic factors play a crucial role in heroin addiction that ultimately severely affects their neurological development and thus, impairs the behavioral and learning abilities. However, a proper rehabilitation therapy could restore their social and mental health.
Keep It In, or Let It Out? Emotion Regulation and Perceived Stress Across Individualistic and Collectivistic Cultures.
Turnbull K, Tao A, Ji X … +1 more , Cruz S
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41288051 · Publisher ↗
The relationship between emotion regulation strategies and perceived stress has been explored between collectivist and individualist cultures. However, a major limitation of these studies has been the reliance on a singl...
The relationship between emotion regulation strategies and perceived stress has been explored between collectivist and individualist cultures. However, a major limitation of these studies has been the reliance on a single country's sample to represent an entire cultural category. Using a comparative design and including participants from a variety of countries, this study examined cultural differences in the use of two different emotion regulation strategies (expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal) and their association with perceived stress. A total of 183 adult participants (109 from collectivist cultures, such as China, Japan and Nigeria, and 74 from individualistic cultures, such as the United Kingdom, the United States and Germany) completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Perceived Stress Scale online. Results showed that the use of cognitive reappraisal did not differ between collectivist and individualist groups, but they differed in the use of expressive suppression. In addition, no cultural differences were found in the association between cognitive reappraisal or expressive suppression and perceived stress. The lack of differences in the use of cognitive reappraisal, and the lack of a predictive role of emotion regulation strategies with perceived stress, may support the idea of a transcultural approach to deal with stress.
Leaving Scars? Post-Separation Psychological Adjustment in Individuals With Presumably Narcissistic Ex-Partners.
Kornberger S, Schneider S
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41277625 · Publisher ↗
It is often claimed that romantic relationships with narcissistic partners can lead to adverse outcomes for an individual, including damaged self-esteem and interpersonal trust or elevated cynicism. Romantic ex-partners...
It is often claimed that romantic relationships with narcissistic partners can lead to adverse outcomes for an individual, including damaged self-esteem and interpersonal trust or elevated cynicism. Romantic ex-partners of narcissistic individuals are also assumed to question their own judgment and partner choice, implying an increased desire for self-insight. An empirical foundation for such assertions is, however, lacking. The present study aims to elucidate aspects of psychological adjustment and personality traits in individuals who report a recent romantic relationship with a narcissistic partner. To this end, we compared self-esteem, interpersonal trust, cynicism, and the self-insight motive of individuals who label their ex-partner as narcissistic ( = 104) with persons who classify their ex-partner as non-narcissistic ( = 193). Furthermore, we asked all study participants ( = 297) to rate their ex-partner's trait levels of antagonistic narcissism and investigated how these relate to participants' own self-esteem, interpersonal trust, and cynicism. Moreover, we explored whether relationship length moderates these associations. Independent -tests revealed that individuals who label their ex-partners as narcissistic reported lower self-esteem, less interpersonal trust, and a stronger desire for self-insight than individuals with presumably non-narcissistic ex-partners. Correlation and multiple regression analyses further indicated significant associations between the ex-partners' level of antagonistic narcissism and participants' self-reported interpersonal trust and cynicism. Relationship length did not moderate these associations, but had an independent effect on cynicism. Although the present study does not allow to draw causal conclusions, it represents an initial step towards exploring a so far largely neglected research domain. Possible implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Predictors of Outcome of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Older Adults With Anxiety Symptoms.
Spinhoven P, Kraaij V, Garnefski N … +1 more , Witlox M
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41264911 · Publisher ↗
A recent trial in older adults with anxiety symptoms in primary care found no differences in outcome between an ACT and CBT intervention. The current study aimed to identify moderators and non-specific predictors of trea...
A recent trial in older adults with anxiety symptoms in primary care found no differences in outcome between an ACT and CBT intervention. The current study aimed to identify moderators and non-specific predictors of treatment response to these two interventions. The sample consisted of 314 older adults who were randomized to either ACT or CBT. Anxiety symptom severity (measured with the GAD-7) was the main outcome variable. Demographics, (psycho)pathology, social support, and psychological processes were examined as predictors. No moderator variables were identified. More severe anxiety and depression symptoms at baseline predicted a worse short- and long-term response to ACT and CBT, while higher levels of mastery predicted a better short-term treatment response in both conditions. When interpreting these results, the lack of sufficient statistical power to detect multiple modest interaction effects should be taken into account. Based on the results of the present study, it is not possible to allocate patients to the intervention that is likely to be most effective for them. The prognostic effects of anxiety and depression symptom severity and mastery may hold implications regarding treatment enhancement strategies in general. The study was registered in the Netherlands Trial Register (NL6131; NTR6270).
Exploring the Association Between Suicidality and Firearm Violence Among Injured Adults.
Thomson ND, Pittman SK, Kjærvik SL … +2 more , Ashok VA, Simonetti JA
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41264857 · Publisher ↗
Both firearm violence and suicidal behavior have increased over time and pose a serious public health concern. However, few studies have examined the link between the two. This study examined the link between suicidal be...
Both firearm violence and suicidal behavior have increased over time and pose a serious public health concern. However, few studies have examined the link between the two. This study examined the link between suicidal behaviors, firearm beliefs, and firearm violence. This study included 371 violently injured adults ( = 32.58). Most participants were male (72%) and identified as African American (80%). Recruitment occurred from August 2021 to June 2024. Multiple regressions were performed to assess whether firearm beliefs (i.e., safety, emotional risk, neighborhood concerns, firearm presence, and social perception) predicted suicidal behavior and if suicidal behavior predicted firearm behaviors, and firearm violence while controlling for sex, age, and race. Perceiving firearms as protective was associated with suicidal behavior. Suicidal behavior was positively associated with firearm behaviors (defensive and offensive) as well as firearm violence (reactive and proactive). These findings highlight overlapping risks of suicide and firearm violence and underscore the importance of integrated prevention strategies.
Leading With Humility: How Leadership Humility Drives Change-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior Through Readiness to Change, With Flexible Work Practices as a Moderator.
Saeed I, Xigen W, Azizi N … +2 more , Shah TA, Raza MI
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41255087 · Publisher ↗
This study aims to investigate the underexplored mechanisms through which leadership humility influences change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in the context of Pakistan's educational sector. The prim...
This study aims to investigate the underexplored mechanisms through which leadership humility influences change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in the context of Pakistan's educational sector. The primary novelty of this research lies in testing an integrated moderated mediation model that positions Readiness to Change as a mediator and flexible work practices as a moderator, a framework that has not been previously examined in this specific cultural and professional setting. Using a random sampling approach, data were collected from 291 employees across educational institutions in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The proposed hypotheses were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) via SmartPLS (version 3). The results revealed that leadership humility has a significant positive impact on employees' change-oriented OCB. This relationship is mediated by their Readiness to change. Furthermore, flexible work practices were found to positively moderate the link between leadership humility and Readiness to change, indicating that this relationship is strengthened in the presence of greater workplace flexibility. These findings provide valuable implications for educational management, suggesting that fostering humble leadership and implementing flexible work arrangements are crucial strategies for promoting adaptive and proactive change behaviors among employees.
Development of a Short Version of the Jackson Career Explorer: The JCE Mini.
Baerg MacDonald K, Schermer JA
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41252756 · Publisher ↗
The purpose of the present study was to create a shorter and contemporary version of the Jackson Career Explorer (JCE), titled "The JCE Mini". Utilizing archival data of people who had completed the JCE ( = 3105), half o...
The purpose of the present study was to create a shorter and contemporary version of the Jackson Career Explorer (JCE), titled "The JCE Mini". Utilizing archival data of people who had completed the JCE ( = 3105), half of the sample was used to develop shorter, three-item scales, and the second half was used to validate the shorter measure (102 items) with additional self-report responses. The JCE Mini showed good internal consistency for most scales and good convergent validity with other career inventories. Correlations with a personality measure were consistent with previous research of the full JCE. In Study 2, a new scale was created to assess an interest in technological careers to improve the JCE Mini's relevance to the current job market by testing six new items. In addition, we tested 20 new items in nine scales that were updated to reflect changes in the workplace and improve the psychometrics of the scales. The new sample ( = 609) completed 102 items from the JCE Mini of Study 1 and 26 new items. Results suggest that the new JCE Mini, consisting of 105 items that assess 28 work roles or specific careers (one more than the original JCE), and seven work styles demonstrate good internal consistencies for the scales and good convergent validity.
The Role of Frustration and Guilt in Partner Cyber-Aggression Among Young People When a Culture of Honour is Endorsed.
Lopez-Zafra E, Uskul AK, Lorente-Anguís A
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41252754 · Publisher ↗
Individuals who endorse honor are more prone to react aggressively, both with their partners and in cyber-psychological contexts. However, anticipated feelings previous to the response may influence their reaction. Thus,...
Individuals who endorse honor are more prone to react aggressively, both with their partners and in cyber-psychological contexts. However, anticipated feelings previous to the response may influence their reaction. Thus, the role that emotions may have in the way partners in a couple react is an indicator of how they will react in the future. To address this study questions, the present research focuses on the role of two emotions scarcely studied (guilt and frustration) to test whether they mediate the relationship between honor endorsement and aggressive responses in an online context (perpetration and victimization). A sample of 1.173 young people (430 men, 743 women; 15-22 years old) were recruited in secondary schools and universities. To participate, they had to volunteer and had been in a relationship for at least one month in the last year. Once consented, participants provided information about demographic variables and their couple relationships and completed measures about cyber-abuse, feeling guilt, frustration tolerance and honor endorsement. We tested the culture of honor invariance according to sex, and age (adolescents/young adults). Results indicated that invariance can be assumed in the case of age, that means that for adolescents and young adults the responses were comparable. But this was not the case as a function of participant sex. Thus, subsequent analyses were run by considering men and women separately. Path analyses showed that honor endorsement was directly and indirectly (through frustration and guilt) associated with the perpetration of direct cyberaggression and cybercontrol of the partner. However, whilst frustration tolerance strengthened this association, guilt reduced it. These results are important as they contribute to acknowledging how emotions are a key to understanding the underlying processes in interpersonal (violent) relations, to our understanding of the role of emotions in cyber-aggression patterns, and thus, orient future interventions.
Pursuit of Happiness: The Relationship Between Adolescent Wellbeing, Psychological Distress, Problem Behaviours, and Emotional Intelligence.
Lomas J, Stough C, Downey L
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41251109 · Publisher ↗
Emotional Intelligence (EI) is associated with adolescent wellbeing, and associations between EI and problem behaviours (internalising and externalising) are also emerging. The incremental validity of EI over wellbeing a...
Emotional Intelligence (EI) is associated with adolescent wellbeing, and associations between EI and problem behaviours (internalising and externalising) are also emerging. The incremental validity of EI over wellbeing as a predictor of problem behaviours has received less attention but may offer a more nuanced understanding of the contribution of emotional factors that give rise to problem behaviours. We hypothesised that EI would be predictive of positive wellbeing and negatively related to psychological distress and further that lower emotional awareness and regulation were expected to predict internalising and externalising behaviours. In a sample of 422 adolescents, we conducted linear regressions to examine the relationship between EI scores and subjective wellbeing, eudaimonic wellbeing, and psychological distress. As expected, higher emotional awareness, expression and regulation predicted subjective and eudaimonic wellbeing and was inversely predictive of psychological distress. Hierarchical linear regressions examined if EI and measures of wellbeing and psychological distress predicted problem behaviours while considering differences in gender. Externalising behaviours were predicted by subjective wellbeing and psychological distress, emotional regulation, and gender, while internalising behaviours were predicted by subjective wellbeing and psychological distress, emotional awareness, and emotional regulation. Findings emphasised the relative importance of effective emotional regulation in relation to adolescent wellbeing, psychological distress, and problem behaviours which may have implications for targeted development of EI.
Looking Versus Tasting: Sensory Mode of Evaluation Influences Food Healthiness Perception.
Szocs C, Biswas D, Lim M
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41248520 · Publisher ↗
Food healthiness is often an important factor in deciding what to eat and how much. When evaluating healthiness, individuals may have access to only visual information, such as when they see food on display at a store/re...
Food healthiness is often an important factor in deciding what to eat and how much. When evaluating healthiness, individuals may have access to only visual information, such as when they see food on display at a store/restaurant or see a food image on a package, menu, or store/restaurant website. However, in other contexts, individuals may have access to multisensory information through product sampling (e.g., grocery stores, food courts). Would sensory mode of evaluation, and specifically eating a food versus only viewing it, differentially influence perceived healthiness? Four preregistered studies address this question. The results show that individuals perceive foods with a combination of flavors/ingredients as healthier when they sample (vs. only view) them. Process evidence suggests the effect may be driven by salience of added flavors/ingredients when evaluating food based only on visual information (vs. sampling). Accordingly, highlighting the added flavor reduces healthiness of sampled foods to attenuate the effect. The effect also attenuates when foods do not have a combination of flavors/ingredients and could therefore be evaluated based on stereotypical healthy/unhealthy categorizations. The findings have implications for consumers, managers, and regulators. They also underscore the need for research investigating how information from different sensory modalities influences product evaluations, and the need for work identifying the mechanisms driving sensory integration.
Goals Across Time Frames and Temporal Landmarks: Do Time of Year and Goal Age Influence Goal Perceptions?
Milyavskaya M, Thorne T, Sullivan M … +1 more , Esselink NA
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41248474 · Publisher ↗
Research on personal goals is conducted at various times during the year, and researchers ask participants about their goals in different ways, eliciting both new goals and goals that have been pursued for varying amount...
Research on personal goals is conducted at various times during the year, and researchers ask participants about their goals in different ways, eliciting both new goals and goals that have been pursued for varying amounts of time. But do these differences affect how people perceive and report on their goals? In line with the fresh start effect, which proposes that people think differently about goals around temporal landmarks, we anticipated that people would perceive goals set and reported on around the New Year differently than goals set or reported on at other times of the year. Participants (N = 362) reported on three goals either in January or in March and rated them on 16 different characteristics. The goals were either young (set since January 1 or in the last month) or older goals that participants were already pursuing. Results showed that participants rated their goals very similarly in January and March. There were, however, many differences in perceptions based on goal age, with greater avoidance, controlled motivation, difficulty, abstractness, and conflict for older goals (compared to newer goals). Other goal characteristics (autonomous motivation, commitment, importance, effort, self-efficacy, approach motivation, and goal facilitation) did not differ by goal age. Participant's self-reported progress on their goals was also tracked monthly over 6 months. Progress generally followed a quadratic (inverse U) trajectory, initially increasing, then plateauing and slightly decreasing across the 6 months. There were, however, differences between goals set in January and those set in the last month, with January goals more closely following the quadratic pattern. Overall, this research contributes to our understanding of how goal perceptions evolve over time, highlighting the underexplored role of goal age and the seemingly limited role of temporal landmarks.
Interaction Between Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting and Segmentation Preferences When Predicting Work-Nonwork Balance.
Ziedelis A, Lazauskaite-Zabielske J, Urbanaviciute I … +1 more , Jakstiene R
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41240322 · Publisher ↗
In today's world of work, employees are increasingly perceived as proactive individuals who can achieve work-nonwork balance through crafting. However, the effectiveness of different proactive efforts is not fully known....
In today's world of work, employees are increasingly perceived as proactive individuals who can achieve work-nonwork balance through crafting. However, the effectiveness of different proactive efforts is not fully known. Integrating the concept of work-nonwork balance crafting into a theoretical framework based on the self-regulatory focus theory, we aimed to evaluate and compare the predictive effects of distinct prevention- and promotion-focused work-nonwork balance crafting strategies on the work-nonwork balance among employees with varying preferences for segmenting work and nonwork domains. A diverse sample of 1,303 employees participated in our study by responding to items measuring their work-nonwork balance crafting strategies, work-nonwork balance, and segmentation preferences. Correlational and moderation analyses were used to test our study hypotheses. Results revealed that prevention-focused nonwork boundary crafting was most strongly related to work-nonwork balance, followed by prevention-focused work boundary crafting, and the effect of promotion-focused work boundary crafting had only a minor effect. In most cases, crafting strategies were more beneficial for employees with low segmentation preferences than those with high segmentation preferences. Thus, proactive efforts to protect work and nonwork domains from each other seem to be an effective balancing strategy, especially among domain integrators. The obtained results expand the theoretical framework of job crafting and complement the field of crafting research by shedding light on the effectiveness of different crafting strategies and the role of individual differences in boundary management.
"I Still Have Time": Self-Efficacy as a Mediator in the Association Between the Type of Motivation and Academic Procrastination Among PhD Students.
Santos Â, Cardoso C, Pereira M
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41240015 · Publisher ↗
Procrastination is a phenomenon that is particularly prevalent in the academic context, with prevalence rates as high as 70%-95%. The literature suggests that motivation and self-efficacy are associated with success in a...
Procrastination is a phenomenon that is particularly prevalent in the academic context, with prevalence rates as high as 70%-95%. The literature suggests that motivation and self-efficacy are associated with success in academic settings, whereas procrastination seems to decrease students' academic performance. However, the nature of the associations between motivation and procrastination among PhD students remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to examine whether self-efficacy is involved in the associations between five different types of regulation (intrinsic, integrated, identified, introjected, and external), conceptualized within the self-determination theory, and academic procrastination in a sample of PhD students. This cross-sectional study consisted of a sample of 522 PhD students of different specialties who completed self-reported measures of motivation (Motivation for PhD Studies Scale), self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale) and procrastination (Irrational Procrastination Scale). Our results indicated that higher intrinsic, integrated, and identified regulation, as well as higher self-efficacy, were associated with lower levels of procrastination. Self-efficacy was a significant mediator of the associations between intrinsic, integrated, identified, and introjected regulation and procrastination. These results suggest that different types of regulation and academic procrastination, among PhD students, may be linked through perceived self-efficacy. These findings highlight the importance of self-efficacy in academic contexts and suggest the integration of strategies to increase self-efficacy into current interventions, such as cognitive‒behavioral therapy or acceptance and commitment therapy, to reduce doctoral students' procrastination and promote their engagement in academic/scientific tasks, thereby facilitating the successful progression and completion of their doctoral studies.
Work-Family Conflict and Moral Injury Among Working Mothers: Is Moral Resilience a Protective Factor?
Cavagnis L, Fincham F, Kröger C … +2 more , Barni D, Paleari FG
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41238202 · Publisher ↗
Balancing work and family responsibilities is challenging for working mothers, particularly those with caregiving duties. The present study investigates the relationship between work-family conflict (WFC) and moral injur...
Balancing work and family responsibilities is challenging for working mothers, particularly those with caregiving duties. The present study investigates the relationship between work-family conflict (WFC) and moral injury, focusing on the potential moderating role of moral resilience. Italian working mothers (N = 285), either with preschool children or caring responsibilities for elderly parents and adolescent/young adult children, completed measures of WFC, moral injury, and moral resilience. Results indicated an association between work-family conflict (WFC) and moral injury, with moral resilience attenuating this relationship. Specifically, at higher levels of moral resilience, the relationship between WFC and moral injury was weaker. This protective mechanism was consistent across different caregiving groups. These findings enhance understanding of the complex psychological experiences of working mothers and emphasize the importance of interventions, such as flexible work policies and moral resilience training, to provide effective support. Practical implications, study limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.
Coping With Social Media Bashing Scale (CoSMB): Development and Psychometric Testing.
Labrague LJ, Nwafor CE
Psychol Rep · 2025 Nov · PMID 41237335 · Publisher ↗
The increasing prevalence of social media usage has led to a rise in online bashing, adversely affecting the mental health and well-being of students. Consequently, there is a pressing need for a robust tool to determine...
The increasing prevalence of social media usage has led to a rise in online bashing, adversely affecting the mental health and well-being of students. Consequently, there is a pressing need for a robust tool to determine the coping strategies employed by individuals experiencing online bashing. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Coping with Social Media Bashing Scale (CoSMB). An exploratory sequential research design was employed and a total of 1,014 college students across three universities in the Philippines were recruited to participate in the study. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to identify the underlying structure of the CoSMB, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to validate the factor model. Cronbach's alpha and inter-item/inter-total correlations were utilized to assess the scale's reliability, while content and criterion validity tests were performed to examine the scale's validity. EFA and CFA yielded a 10-item scale consisting of two factors: 'Assertive Coping' and 'Passive Coping'. The scale demonstrated excellent validity and high internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha of .80. Mental health professionals can leverage the CoSMB to design interventions for students distressed by online bashing, enabling them to create personalized treatment plans and support strategies.
About
- Frequency
- Sun
- Papers found
- 200
- RSS feed
- Subscribe