Morphologie[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Bilateral accessory flexor indicis muscle: A case study.
Hall A, Davidson G, Reid L
Morphologie · 2024 Mar · PMID 37890282 · Publisher ↗
Muscular variations within the upper extremities are common and widely documented. They can have a range of implications including nerve compression and misdiagnosis but are often silent. Our report herein describes a bi...
Muscular variations within the upper extremities are common and widely documented. They can have a range of implications including nerve compression and misdiagnosis but are often silent. Our report herein describes a bilateral accessory muscle found in the forearm during routine cadaveric dissection. The muscle originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus between the origins of the flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor carpi radialis muscles. The muscle is digastric, with the distal belly existing as the first lumbrical and the proximal serving as a supernumerary flexor. This functionally atavistic variation could prove clinically relevant for the purposes of donor muscle or tendon tissue as well as surgical complications and compressive neuropathies.
Should we consider the sex when estimating bone age from hand bone biometrics?
Remy F, Aninditya K, Saliba-Serre B … +1 more , Lalys L
Morphologie · 2023 Dec · PMID 37543030 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Recently, it was proposed to estimate age from the biometric information of hand bones. We observed that these estimations became less precise as children get older, especially from the age of 13-15 years. OB...
BACKGROUND: Recently, it was proposed to estimate age from the biometric information of hand bones. We observed that these estimations became less precise as children get older, especially from the age of 13-15 years. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of considering sex for age estimation based on hand bones biometrics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample consisted of metacarpals and proximal phalanges measurements collected on 1003 medical images performed at Nancy and Marseille Hospitals of individuals aged under 21 years. This sample was divided into two subgroups delineated by the age of 13, as it is a relevant legal threshold for most European countries. First, the influence of sex on the hand bones biometrics and on the estimated age was evaluated. Then, based on these results, new sex-specific age estimation formulas were constructed from linear models and their precision was assessed using residual analysis, in comparison with previous global formulas. RESULTS: An influence of sex was only highlighted from the age of 13 and for the total study sample. Thus, new sex-specific age estimation formulas were built for the [1-21] global sample and the [13-21] subsample. Even though the differences with the previous formulas were minor, age was more accurately estimated when sex was considered. CONCLUSION: Considering sex in age estimation is relevant when relying on hand bone biometrics. A new tool was proposed to select the most appropriate age estimation formula, based on the discriminant analysis result and the a priori knowledge of the sex.
Effect of impaction on third molar development and age estimation-A study in a Lebanese population.
Angelakopoulos N, Franco A, Mula AP … +3 more , Moukarzel M, Sharma S, Balla SB
Morphologie · 2023 Dec · PMID 37543029 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The effect of impaction on third molar development is disputable as the scientific literature is not uniform. In parallel, population-specific studies have been encouraged in dental age estimation. This study...
BACKGROUND: The effect of impaction on third molar development is disputable as the scientific literature is not uniform. In parallel, population-specific studies have been encouraged in dental age estimation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of impaction on third molar formation in a sample of Lebanese individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 518 panoramic radiographs of females (n=229) and males (n=289) between 15 and 23.9 years. Mandibular third molars were classified based on their position as non-impacted and impacted (with horizontal, vertical, mesioangular, and distoangular impaction). Dental development was classified according to Demirjian's 8-level staging system. RESULTS: Most teeth presented mesioangular impaction (#38=29.7%, #48=33%). Developing third molars were predominantly distributed between stages D and G. The mean age of most developmental stages was higher among impacted teeth, meaning that third molar mineralization could be slower in the presence of impaction. In general, the delayed dental development did not have statistically significant effects (P<0.05). However, descriptive data pointed out differences between (impacted and non-impacted) mean ages of >12 months-suggesting a potential clinical significance (despite the lack of a statistical one). Furthermore, differences changed based on sex and side (#38/#48). CONCLUSION: Therefore, dental age estimation from third molars in the selected Lebanese population should preferably be performed in non-impacted third molars whenever available.
The spermiogram and correlation of seminal fluid parameters in patient attending fertility centre in Lagos, South West Nigeria.
Ibitoye BO, Fasasi AO, Imosemi IO … +6 more , Alabi O, Olaniyan OT, Ibitoye FO, Faduola P, Bodun DS, Wike NY
Morphologie · 2023 Dec · PMID 37385852 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The determinant of the spermiogram of semen varies in different populations based on several factors ranging, from age to the pathological state of an individual to environmental factors. The aim of the study...
BACKGROUND: The determinant of the spermiogram of semen varies in different populations based on several factors ranging, from age to the pathological state of an individual to environmental factors. The aim of the study is to determine the spermiogram of patients that attend fertility clinics in southwest Nigeria and the relationship between the parameters. METHODOLOGY: This is a cross-sectional study that recruited two hundred and ninety seven (297) patients from two fertility centers in Lagos, Nigeria for the period of January 2021 to November 2022. The sperm samples were collected following WHO standards. The spermiogram was analyzed using an automated sperm analyzer and the descriptive and inference statistics of the study were carried out using R packages (R version 4.2.0). RESULTS: The result showed the mean age of 43.12±6.95years with median age of 42years. The mean of sperm count and concentration were 114×10 sperm cells and 42×10 per mL with the mean volume of the semen produced by the patients was 2.69mL and average motility (progressive and non-progressive) of the sperm is 47%±19%, 42%±17% has normal morphology. The distributions of the observed variables (seminal fluid parameters) were different from normal distributions in the studied population, such that almost all of them are skewed to the right. The degree of relationship between the sperm parameter were very weak. Nevertheless, specifically, there is a negative correlation between age and sperm count, age and motility, age and volume, and a positive correlation between age and abnormal morphology. The results showed that sperm morphology has a significant effect on motility while sperm morphology significantly depend on sperm count. CONCLUSION: An increase in sperm volume and concentration improves the sperm morphology and boost the sperm motility, this may increasing the chance of fertility.
Anti-aging effect of nifuroxazide on skin changes of aged male rat models via modulating immunoreactivity of IL-6/NF-κB/Caspase-3.
Salama RM, Omar MA
Morphologie · 2023 Dec · PMID 37353466 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: To evaluate nifuroxazide's (NIF's) anti-aging characteristics in a skin-aging rat model for the first time in order to create effective preventive measures and anti-aging skin therapies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: T...
PURPOSE: To evaluate nifuroxazide's (NIF's) anti-aging characteristics in a skin-aging rat model for the first time in order to create effective preventive measures and anti-aging skin therapies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty randomly selected aged male rats were assorted into three equal groups; aged control group, treated NIF I, aged rats were treated with NIF (10mg/kg, orally once daily for 14 consecutive days), and treated NIF II, aged rats were treated with NIF (20mg/kg, orally once daily for 14 consecutive days). Skin samples were obtained from the dorsal skin of the aged male rats and processed for tissue biochemical MDA, histological (Hx&E and Masson's Trichrome stains), and immunohistochemical (IL-6, NF-κB, and caspase-3) analysis. RESULTS: Group I aged male albino rat skin illustrated evident distorted epidermis and dermis, disorganization of collagen fibers with marked multiple spaces of collagen fibers loss in the dermis, marked reduction of total epidermal thickness and mean area percent of collagen fibers, elevated tissue MDA level and strong positive IL-6, NF-κB, and caspase-3 immune reaction. The anti-aging benefits of NIF on skin aging are demonstrated by a marked improvement in histological alterations in the form of a well-organized epidermis and dermis, most collagen fibers in the dermis appear closely packed, significant elevation of total epidermal thickness and mean area percent of collagen fibers, a significant decrease of tissue MDA level, and immunoexpression of the inflammatory markers, IL-6, and NF-κB, and the apoptotic marker caspase-3. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that group III, which received 20mg/kg of NIF, experienced more pronounced and noticeable improvements in skin aging than group II, which received 10mg/kg of NIF.
Designing a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) in face-to-face sessions. A blended design to teach practical histology.
Pesesse L, Dozo BO, Quatresooz P … +8 more , Weatherspoon A, Multon S, Pirotte M, Tonus C, Vandenbosch R, Bonnet P, Verpoorten D, Defaweux V
Morphologie · 2023 Dec · PMID 37271663 · Publisher ↗
Teaching histology, through virtual microscopy in educational strategies, undeniably moved towards the digitization and distancing of teaching. The setting up of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) entitled "Introducti...
Teaching histology, through virtual microscopy in educational strategies, undeniably moved towards the digitization and distancing of teaching. The setting up of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) entitled "Introduction to Histology: exploring the tissues of the human body" made it possible to exploit the potential to share digital resources with a wider audience while being integrated into the teaching on-campus students. This article described the pedagogical choices prevailing during the design of the MOOC and its combination with face-to-face sessions to achieve specific learning outcomes. The pedagogical alignment of learning outcomes described according to their cognitive levels, with online and face-to-face learning activities and evaluation methods has been demonstrated. The impact of such a blended design into an academic program has been ascertained using perception and performance data. Student satisfaction and engagement as well as motivational cues were identified. The level of performance was maintained in the educational strategy implemented and made it possible to achieve the objectives expected by the teachers. The benefits of integrating a MOOC with classroom-based teaching were highlighted, as well as barriers that could hinder the successful implementation.
Congenital morphological patterns of myocardial bridges.
Rissi R, Gonsalves DG, Marques MJ … +1 more , Neto HS
Morphologie · 2023 Dec · PMID 37246099 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Myocardial bridging (MB) is a coronary anomaly in which a segment of the coronary artery is overlapped by a layer of myocardial tissue. Nowadays, there is no scientific agreement on if the MB are congenital o...
BACKGROUND: Myocardial bridging (MB) is a coronary anomaly in which a segment of the coronary artery is overlapped by a layer of myocardial tissue. Nowadays, there is no scientific agreement on if the MB are congenital or acquired or on the factors that determine their presence and/or absence. OBJECTIVE: This study is performed to analyze the anatomical characteristics of adult and children's hearts regarding the shape of the left coronary artery branching, presence of pre-bridge arterial branch, coronary dominance and its correlations to MB formation. METHODS: We analyzed 240 adults heart specimens and 63 children's specimens. The frequency of the myocardial bridges (MB) occurrence was performed through observational study of the anatomical specimens. The shape of the left coronary artery (LCA) branching, presence of pre-bridge arterial branch (PBB) and coronary dominance was determined superficial dissection of the epicardial adipose tissue and careful evaluation of the hearts. RESULTS: A relation between the trifurcated pattern of the LCA and the presence of MB (P<0.0001, odds ratio=3.74) was found in adults heart and in children's hearts (P=0.003, odds ratio=16.0), as well as a relation between the presence of PBB and the presence of MB in adult hearts (P<0.0001) and children's hearts (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest for the first time that the myocardial bridges are related to the presence of trifurcation of the left coronary artery and the pre-bridge arterial branch in adult and children's hearts.
Ear identification: A multi-ethnic study sample.
Angelakopoulos N, Franco A, Sezgin N … +11 more , Cevik ZA, Canturk N, Panciera MC, Pinto PHV, Alves da Silva RH, Balla SB, Kumagai A, Zolotenkova G, Silveira Sousa AM, Ferrante L, Cameriere R
Morphologie · 2023 Dec · PMID 37230829 · Publisher ↗
The external human ear is considered to be highly variable among individuals. Hence, forensic applications could be explored for human identification. This research compares the usefulness of Cameriere's ear identificati...
The external human ear is considered to be highly variable among individuals. Hence, forensic applications could be explored for human identification. This research compares the usefulness of Cameriere's ear identification method, in samples originating from six different countries (Brazil, India, Japan, Russia, South Africa and Turkey) in order to examine possible differences in their accuracy values. A sample of 2,225 photographs of the external human ear (1,134 left and 1,091 right ears) from 1,411 individuals (633 females and 778 males) was collected. The samples included healthy subjects with no systemic disorders and without any craniofacial trauma, maxillofacial abnormalities, auricular anomalies, ear diseases or previous auricular surgery. Cameriere's ear identification method was applied and measurements were performed on the images of each ear, considering four anatomic regions: helix, antihelix, concha, and lobe. The quantified measurement values were converted into a proposed coded number system. A search for identical codes was accomplished to find out the distinctiveness of the morphology of the human ear. The combined codes of left and right ears of each of the 814 subjects were not repeated in this multi-ethnic study sample. Dirichlet's distribution and the inherent study equation showed that the probability of two different individuals having the same code (false-positive identification) was found to be <0.0007. Because of the distinctive metrics of the ratios of external human ears, studies with Cameriere's ear identification method may be valuable for human identification. Studying the differences between the left and right ears of the same individual and across different ethnic groups could contribute to the development of supplementary tools for human identification.
A unique variation of the deep fibular nerve: A case report.
Goral K, Marur T
Morphologie · 2023 Sep · PMID 37202227 · Publisher ↗
Deep fibular nerve is one of the two terminal branches of the common fibular nerve. The deep fibular nerve can be damaged in procedures related the anterior compartment of the leg such as the application of an external f...
Deep fibular nerve is one of the two terminal branches of the common fibular nerve. The deep fibular nerve can be damaged in procedures related the anterior compartment of the leg such as the application of an external fixator to the leg and operations using intramedullary nailing after tibial fracture. Therefore, it is important to know the anatomy and variations of the deep fibular nerve. An anatomical variation concerning the deep fibular nerve was detected in the right lower extremity of the 65-year-old cadaver we dissected. In this case, it was observed that the deep fibular nerve split into two nerve arms in the distal half of the leg and reunited after continuing 9cm apart to form a loop. This loop formation may increase the iatrogenic damage of the deep fibular nerve as a result of surgery and percutaneous interventions to the anterior leg compartment. We described in this case report a hitherto unobserved finding of the branching pattern of the deep fibular nerve. We think that this unique anatomical variation seen in the right lower extremity of the case of academic interest and will also help orthopedicians in anterior leg compartment surgery.
Anatole-Felix Le Double (1848-1913): 110 years of his death.
Pires LAS, Babinski MA
Morphologie · 2023 Sep · PMID 37179141 · Publisher ↗
Anatole-Félix Le Double was a prominent figure associated with the concept of anatomical variations also including the comprehension of their anthropological and zoological aspects. As an anatomist, Le Double contributed...
Anatole-Félix Le Double was a prominent figure associated with the concept of anatomical variations also including the comprehension of their anthropological and zoological aspects. As an anatomist, Le Double contributed significantly with his major treatise regarding muscles and bony variants. Furthermore, Le Double influenced and popularized paleoanthropology and its relation to anatomy not only in France but in several parts of the world - promoting the idea that anatomical variations are not only surgically and clinically relevant but also have an evolutionary significance. To celebrate 110 years of his passing, this paper aims to explain his trajectory as a young physician to one of the most important figures in how anatomical variants are perceived today.
30 years of the ABFO study: Reproduction in a Brazilian sample.
Pinheiro A, Franco R, Makeeva I … +3 more , Bueno J, Miamoto P, Franco A
Morphologie · 2023 Sep · PMID 37149420 · Publisher ↗
The ABFO study on third molar development is a benchmark in the scientific literature of dental age estimation. In its 30th anniversary, the study has been reproduced in the present external validation. Standardized comp...
The ABFO study on third molar development is a benchmark in the scientific literature of dental age estimation. In its 30th anniversary, the study has been reproduced in the present external validation. Standardized comparative outcomes were obtained and discussed across studies. The sample consisted of 1.087 panoramic radiographs of Brazilian females (n=542, 49.87%) and males (n=545, 50.13%) between 14 and 22.9 years. All available third molars were classified into developmental stages following Mincer's adaptation of Demirjian's system (8 sequential stages, from A to H). The mean chronological age of individuals within each stage was assessed. The probability of an individual being ≥ 18 years was calculated for each third molar, sex and stage. Maxillary and mandibular third molars showed a similar development with an agreement between stages of about 90%. In general, males developed 0.5 years (6 months) earlier than females. The probability of being an adult increased considerably when at least one third molar is in stage G. Maxillary third molars had higher coefficients of determination (right: 0.704; left: 0.702), showing that statistical models with these teeth could explain better the age estimation outcomes. The reproducibility of the ABFO study on third molar development led to reference tables and probability measures for the studied Brazilian population.
Is facial geometric morphometrics a useful method for age estimation in children and adolescents? Limited evidence and lack of studies leave us with an uncertain answer.
Damascena NP, Machado CEP, Silva MC … +2 more , Santiago BM, Martins-Filho PR
Morphologie · 2023 Sep · PMID 37149419 · Publisher ↗
Facial geometric morphometrics is a non-invasive method that has recently shown potential applications, including age estimation, diagnosis of facial abnormalities, monitoring facial development, and evaluating treatment...
Facial geometric morphometrics is a non-invasive method that has recently shown potential applications, including age estimation, diagnosis of facial abnormalities, monitoring facial development, and evaluating treatment outcomes. A systematic review identified two studies that demonstrated the use of facial geometric morphometrics for age estimation in children and adolescents, showing promising results in terms of accuracy and error. This finding could be particularly relevant in forensic investigations. However, a research agenda should be established to prioritize the assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of facial morphometric geometrics in estimating age among children and adolescents.
Anatomical variations of the superior thyroid artery: A systematic review.
Tzortzis AS, Antonopoulos I, Pechlivanidou E … +3 more , Chrysikos D, Pappas N, Troupis T
Morphologie · 2023 Sep · PMID 37061377 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: The superior thyroid artery (STA) is one of the main arteries that provide blood supply to the thyroid gland. It has a plethora of anatomical variations, and knowledge of its anatomy is necessary in procedure...
BACKGROUND: The superior thyroid artery (STA) is one of the main arteries that provide blood supply to the thyroid gland. It has a plethora of anatomical variations, and knowledge of its anatomy is necessary in procedures in this area. The aim of this review is to summarize and describe human studies (cadaveric and angiographic) that investigate the anatomical variations related to the STA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was performed. A literature search in PubMed, and Embase databases was carried out. Original studies that investigated the origin of the STA and reported data on the variant arterial anatomy were considered, including only cadaveric and angiographic studies. RESULTS: A total of 34 studies (4048 heminecks in total; heminecks in each study: min: 25-max: 1280) were finally included. All studies provide details about sex [men/women ratio median (IQR): 2(1-5)] but none about age and 10 (29%) about nationality. STA morphological characteristics described in the included studies are origin, length, number of branches, distance from the carotid bifurcation and the vessel's diameter. CONCLUSIONS: The STA's anatomical features are subject to a non-negligible degree of variability. Our results should improve the awareness of anatomical variations of the STA, and eventually have an impact on the interventions regarding the visceral compartment of the neck in clinical practice.
Healing of particulate allografts mixed with platelet concentrates in ridge preservation and sinus lift: a prospective histomorphometric study.
Wardani A, Tran B, Duterre M … +4 more , Larabi I, Waskiewicz K, Louryan S, Evrard L
Morphologie · 2023 Sep · PMID 36997466 · Publisher ↗
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the bone quality of sinus and alveolar grafts following filling with particulate allogenous bone (DFDBA 300-500μm) and platelet concentrate (platelet-rich fibrin, PRF)....
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the bone quality of sinus and alveolar grafts following filling with particulate allogenous bone (DFDBA 300-500μm) and platelet concentrate (platelet-rich fibrin, PRF). A prospective interventional clinical study was carried out. A total of 40 bone cores, 2mm in diameter, were taken from 21 patients: 22 from grafted alveoli, 7 from grafted sinus sites, and 11 from native bone used as a control. Fixed, paraffin-embedded samples were subjected to histological staining with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome. Bone maturity of the samples was evaluated by two independent operators using histomorphometric analysis. There existed a greater proportion of lamellar neoformed bone than woven neoformed bone as the healing time increased. Moreover, there was also an increasing proportion of newly formed bone in the grafted sockets as a function of healing time (average: 41.22% ≤ 5 months, 55.89% ˃ 5 months). Resorption of DFDBA particles also appears to be correlated with healing time in the grafted socket (average: 15.43 ≤ 5 months, 13.72% ˃ 5 months). In conclusion, performing sinus lift and alveolar socket preservation techniques using DFDBA and PRF results in high quality, mature bone tissue according to histological criteria.
Origin of triple right coronary with separate ostium.
Borthakur D, Kumar R, Jp J … +1 more , Ray SB
Morphologie · 2023 Sep · PMID 36932014 · Publisher ↗
This report highlights a coronary artery anomaly (CAA) involving three right coronary arteries (RCAs) arising from the anterior aortic sinus and a single left coronary artery (LCA) from the left posterior aortic sinus. F...
This report highlights a coronary artery anomaly (CAA) involving three right coronary arteries (RCAs) arising from the anterior aortic sinus and a single left coronary artery (LCA) from the left posterior aortic sinus. Furthermore, each of the three RCAs originated with separate ostia. The 1st RCA was the right conus artery which originated through the anterior ostium. The 2nd RCA from the middle ostium mimicked a typical RCA. The 3rd RCA that originated from the posterior ostium had an initial retro-aortic course and then ran between the ascending aorta and atria. It eventually terminated as the circumflex artery after reaching the left end of the posterior coronary sulcus. The LCA was normal anatomically except that it did not give the circumflex branch. The knowledge of this type of unusual branching pattern of the coronary artery may be useful to clinicians.
Contribution to a better analysis of spermatic and ultrasound testicular parameters in the follow-up of male infertility at the Histology Embryology Cytogenetic Laboratory of Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD).
Diop N, Dieng M, Sy M … +7 more , Gueye MV, Diallo AS, Dieye M, Ndiade A, Ngom AI, Diatta AL, Faye O
Morphologie · 2023 Sep · PMID 36842934 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: In Senegal, marital infertility is a real problem for society. We undertook the study of this subject to make an analysis of the spermatic parameters of the infertile Senegalese man and to better understand...
INTRODUCTION: In Senegal, marital infertility is a real problem for society. We undertook the study of this subject to make an analysis of the spermatic parameters of the infertile Senegalese man and to better understand the impact of testicular morphological anomalies on male fertility. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective study of 100 infertile patients followed at the Histology-Embryology-Cytogenetics laboratory of UCAD in Dakar, during the year 2020. Sperm parameters, presence of varicocele, and testicular volume were evaluated in our patients. RESULTS/DISCUSSION: The mean age of the patients was 35.17±8.7 years. A history of sexually transmitted infections was found in 57% of patients. The mean duration of infertility was 5.67±3.2 years. The mean sperm count was 14,871,230/ml±4,950,000. Necrospermia was the most frequent abnormality found (60%), followed by asthenospermia (51%). The high rate of necrospermia could be explained by the high frequency of sexually transmitted infections. Other abnormalities were oligospermia (48%, including 09% cryptospermia), azoospermia (19%), teratospermia (19%), and hypospermia (13%). The predominance of azoospermia and oligospermia should prompt a search for a genetic predisposition in these subjects. The mean testicular volume was 10.3±4.9 cc on the right and 9.5±4.8 cc on the left. A single or bilateral varicocele was found in 43% of subjects. Patients with azoospermia and teratospermia were associated with testicular hypotrophy with a significant value (p=0.04). CONCLUSION: Overall, the senegalese man consulting for infertility is a young adult, married for an average of 5 years. Necrospermia is the most frequently found anomaly. The severity of both qualitative and quantitative abnormalities should lead to a systematic search for a genetic origin. The etiological research of infertile patients must be done within a multidisciplinary framework to propose better management of these patients.
Googling "Anatomy dissection": Pre-pandemic, pandemic, and current scenario.
Singal A, Bansal A
Morphologie · 2023 Sep · PMID 36781317 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVES: The present study was proposed to assess if the online search behavior for Anatomy dissection was affected by actual dissection being performed in the labs. The interest in dissection was ascertained and comp...
OBJECTIVES: The present study was proposed to assess if the online search behavior for Anatomy dissection was affected by actual dissection being performed in the labs. The interest in dissection was ascertained and compared between pre-pandemic, pandemic, and current times. METHODS: Online web search behavior for key terms related to "Anatomy dissection" was noticed worldwide using Google Trends Tool. Relative search volume (RSV) was downloaded for these keywords worldwide using all categories, and web search settings during a period from January 1, 2018, to July 31, 2022. RESULTS: There was almost a similar google trend for the first three months in years 2018 and 2020, with a slightly lower RSV in March and a noticeable RSV decrease from April onwards in 2020. During the pre-pandemic period, the peak for RSV in the month of May was noticed. These peaks were missing in 2020 and 2021. In May 2022, RSV again increased. The top five countries with the highest search hit for "Anatomy Dissection" web were the Philippines, the United States, Canada, Australia, and India. CONCLUSIONS: There was lower search trend for "Anatomy dissection" during the pandemic period as compared to pre-pandemic period. The search trends may be associated with the closure of dissection labs and it may be concluded that Anatomy learners search for this term more often, if they are actually performing the dissections. The future integrated multi-country data and analysis from different set-ups about their ways of dissection and labs before and after the pandemic may further clarify.
Conformational variations of the medial epicondyle of the humerus: A case study of fusion anomaly on dry bones.
Ducher A, Foti B, Verna E
Morphologie · 2023 Sep · PMID 36775677 · Publisher ↗
The estimation of a biological profile in biological anthropology is a central point in the study of human remains. To specify this profile, the observation of variations, and pathologies on the skeleton is a tool that m...
The estimation of a biological profile in biological anthropology is a central point in the study of human remains. To specify this profile, the observation of variations, and pathologies on the skeleton is a tool that makes an individual unique. In this research, the focus was on the distal part of the humerus. Through the study of five individuals from an osteo-archaeological collection, conformational anomalies of the medial epicondyle of the humerus were highlighted. The aim is to describe them and to propose an etiology of appearance. For this purpose, observation of the rest of the skeleton was carried out, in order to search for the presence of other variations, in particular anomalies of fusion of secondary ossification centers. Overall, a non-fusion of the medial epicondyle of the humerus, two fused medial micro-epicondyles and two supplementary fusions were observed. These are very rare anomalies, with an estimated prevalence of 0.7%. Conformational abnormalities of this area can lead to pain. Therefore, medical imaging for diagnostic purposes may be available: useful data for antemortem documentation in case of a disturbing disappearance. Following the study of the entire skeleton, a common etiology for these different conformations cannot be proposed. However, two categories of etiologies can be proposed: a congenital anomaly and a developmental anomaly with an environmental influence (mechanical or deficiency). The new knowledge of this area will enrich the use of individualization factors, especially in the context of forensic anthropology.
Morphology of papillary muscles in the ventricles of heart - a review and meta-analysis.
Ambiga R, Verma S, Amala R
Morphologie · 2023 Sep · PMID 36732176 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: To review the morphology of papillary muscles in both the ventricles of heart. METHODS: The articles were collected from databases such as MEDLINE etc. using Google as the search engine. Keywords used were pap...
OBJECTIVE: To review the morphology of papillary muscles in both the ventricles of heart. METHODS: The articles were collected from databases such as MEDLINE etc. using Google as the search engine. Keywords used were papillary muscle morphology, papillary muscle dimensions, papillary muscle blood supply, papillary muscle histology, papillary muscle development and papillary muscle biomechanical properties. Studies were included if they assessed the aforesaid features of papillary muscles. Thirty-four studies were included in the review. Meta-analysis was done for number of right and left ventricular papillary muscles and dimensions of right ventricular papillary muscles. The data obtained from these studies was synthesized, pooled and all analyses were performed using R Statistical Software (v4.1.2; R Core Team 2021) with R package meta version 5.5-0. RESULTS: Marked difference existed between papillary muscles of right and left ventricles. In right ventricle, one anterior (76%), one posterior (38%) and one septal (30%) papillary muscle were most common. In left ventricle, one anterior (46%) and two posterior papillary muscles (26%) were most common. In both the ventricles, commonly observed gross appearances of papillary muscles were conical and flat-topped. Papillary muscles were lengthier in left ventricle than right ventricle. Anterior papillary muscle was 1.36cm long, 1.36cm broad and 0.64cm thick in right ventricle. It was the largest in both right and left ventricles. CONCLUSION: The morphology and measurements of papillary muscles vary significantly. Thorough knowledge of these variations will help surgeons to determine appropriate surgical repair procedures for the valve and subvalvular apparatus.
Aging effects in the extracellular matrix of the clitoris: A scanning electron microscopic analysis.
Pires LAS, Babinski MSD, Fonseca Junior A … +2 more , Manaia JHM, Babinski MA
Morphologie · 2023 Jun · PMID 36707352 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: The present work aims to observe the clitoris' extracellular matrix in young and old women with a scanning electron microscope. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After approval of the local research ethics c...
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: The present work aims to observe the clitoris' extracellular matrix in young and old women with a scanning electron microscope. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After approval of the local research ethics committee, samples of the clitoris body were obtained from cadavers of women between 20 and 40 old (G1) and from cadavers over the age of 60 (G2). The samples were decellularized with NaOH to maintain the extracellular matrix framework, submitted to silver sputter coating, and observed under a scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: The mean age of the cadavers in G1 was 28 years old and 75±6 years old in G2. The groups were composed of 10 cadavers each. It was observed that the collagen was arranged in a disorganized fashion in the samples from the G2 in several regions. There was also a decrease in elastic fibers that anchored the collagen in these samples. The concentration of collagen showed an increase in the older samples in comparison to the G1 samples. Conclusions Female sexual dysfunction is a condition prevalent in a significantly large portion of women and it is more common in elderly women. It is known that the tumescence mechanism requires integrity of the extracellular matrix. The changes observed herein may alter the function of the organ and are similar to observations in studies of men with erectile dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Female sexual dysfunction is a condition prevalent in a significantly large portion of women and it is more common in elderly women. It is known that the tumescence mechanism requires integrity of the extracellular matrix. The changes observed herein may alter the function of the organ and are similar to observations in studies of men with erectile dysfunction. .
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