International Dental Journal[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Letter to the Editor on Generative AI-Enhanced Low-Dose CBCT for Impacted Mandibular Third Molars.
Xu C, Xu J
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41950799 · Full text
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Advancements in Bimetallic Metal-Organic Frameworks for Oral Medicine.
Yang Y, Zhao Q, Cao Z … +3 more , Zhu L, Wang B, Liu Z
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41936139 · Full text
The characteristic oral environment - with its dynamic clearance, moisture, microbial load, and inflammatory potential - makes oral diseases highly prevalent and therapeutically challenging. Metal-organic frameworks (MOF...
The characteristic oral environment - with its dynamic clearance, moisture, microbial load, and inflammatory potential - makes oral diseases highly prevalent and therapeutically challenging. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), an emerging class of inorganic-organic hybrid porous coordination materials, have become pivotal in modern biomedical engineering due to their facile synthesis, high surface area, large loading capacity, exceptional ion storage capability, tunable composition and pore size, and pH-responsive behaviour. To further enhance their performance, bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (BMOFs) have been constructed by incorporating two metal ions with functionalized organic ligands. Leveraging synergistic multimetallic effects and structural tunability, BMOFs exhibit significant potential in biomedical applications, including antibacterial activity, catalysis, and drug delivery. Exploratory applications of BMOFs in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases have already emerged, spanning periodontitis management, caries prevention, oral tissue regeneration, and targeted cancer therapy. Nevertheless, challenges remain in terms of biosafety, long-term stability, in vivo degradation behaviour, and scalable fabrication. This review summarizes the synthesis strategies and functionalization approaches of BMOFs, the selection of metal pairs, and their synergistic mechanisms, with a focus on their applications in oral biofilm infections, inflammatory diseases, oromaxillofacial bone tissue engineering scaffolds, and cancer therapy. Additionally, it discusses current challenges related to biocompatibility, technical limitations, and the clinical translation of these technologies. By correlating the fundamental design principles of BMOFs with the diagnostic and therapeutic demands of oral diseases, this review aims to facilitate translational research and promote the development of BMOFs as innovative and efficient strategies for addressing a range of oral pathologies.
Interrelationships Among Psychological Conditions, Oral Health-related Quality of Life, and Clinical Characteristics in Chinese Patients with Minor Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis.
Chen P, Fan X, Liu J … +3 more , Wu Z, Fang H, Zhang Z
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41934943 · Full text
AIMS: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common chronic inflammatory oral mucosal disorder with uncertain aetiology. This study aimed to investigate the psychological conditions (ie, depression, anxiety and stress)...
AIMS: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common chronic inflammatory oral mucosal disorder with uncertain aetiology. This study aimed to investigate the psychological conditions (ie, depression, anxiety and stress) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) profiles in Chinese Minor RAS (MiRAS) patients. It also sought to explore the relationships between psychological status and OHRQoL and to identify the impact of clinical characteristics of MiRAS on them. METHODS: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a non-random consecutive sampling method. All recruited participants completed a set of uniform anonymous questionnaires that included basic demographics, the Chinese version of the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) and the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Additionally, the clinical characteristics were also recorded through face-to-face interviews. Data were statistically analysed using independent sample T test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson's Chi-square test, Spearman rank-order correlation analysis, and logistic regression analysis, with the significance level set at P < .05. RESULTS: A total of 264 eligible volunteers participated in this study with a median age of 25.0 years (44.70% women), consisting of 106 Chinese MiRAS patients and 158 healthy controls. In contrast to healthy participants, MiRAS patients exhibited statistically higher levels of psychological distress and poorer OHRQoL. Strong positive interrelationships were observed between total DASS-21, depression, anxiety and stress subscale in MiRAS patients. However, total OHIP-14 was weakly positively correlated with total DASS-21 and its three subscales among all participants. Logistic regression analyses revealed that lesion duration was the sole risk factor for depression, anxiety, and stress. Additionally, higher pain intensity and increased frequency of episodes may statistically reduce the perceived OHRQoL of MiRAS patients. CONCLUSION: Longer lesion duration may increase psychological distress, while recurrent episodes of painful ulcerations may cause inferior QoL. Additionally, appropriate psychological counselling and psychotherapy may improve patient's QoL.
Adoption and Barriers to CAD/CAM Technology Among Dentists in the Dominican Republic: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Grau Grullón P, Carvalho RV, Velázquez G … +3 more , Pérez L, Crespo R, Lima G
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41934942 · Full text
INTRODUCTION: Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) have transformed modern dentistry, yet evidence from the Caribbean remains limited. OBJECTIVE: To assess CAD/CAM adoption among dentists in t...
INTRODUCTION: Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) have transformed modern dentistry, yet evidence from the Caribbean remains limited. OBJECTIVE: To assess CAD/CAM adoption among dentists in the Dominican Republic and identify associated demographic and professional factors, barriers, and future adoption intentions. METHODS: A nationwide cross-sectional online survey was administered to dentists registered with the Dominican Dental Association between June and November 2024. A validated questionnaire was distributed through professional networks and social media. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression to examine associations between adoption and specialty, practice type, postgraduate education, and years since graduation. RESULTS: A total of 374 dentists responded; the adoption rate was 39.3%. Adoption was significantly associated with specialty and practice type (P < .001), but not with years since graduation (P = .740) or geographic region (P = .464). Prosthodontists (odds ratios [OR] = 9.16) and orthodontists (OR = 7.50) were the most likely adopters, while dentists in public institutions (OR = 0.18) and academia (OR = 0.28) were less likely to use CAD/CAM. Among nonusers, major barriers included high costs (41.9%). However, 71.4% expressed intention to adopt CAD/CAM. CONCLUSIONS: Adoption of CAD/CAM in the Dominican Republic is shaped by specialty and practice setting but limited by financial and educational barriers. Expanding training opportunities and reducing costs may facilitate more equitable digital integration. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Understanding determinants of CAD/CAM adoption can guide targeted training and policy strategies to improve efficiency and care quality in resource-limited regions.
Minimum Intervention Oral Care (MIOC) - Overcoming Implementation Barriers: An International Expert Consensus.
Schwendicke F, Banerjee A, Baker SR … +13 more , Büttner M, Ceballos L, Cenci MS, Doméjean S, Fontana M, Gurgan S, Opdam NJM, Perić T, Santamaría RM, Scotti N, Tenuta LMA, Turkun LS, Miletić I
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41933544 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: The minimum intervention oral health care (MIOC) delivery framework shifts restorative dentistry from a predominantly operative, procedure-centred model towards a person-focused, prevention-oriented and tooth...
OBJECTIVES: The minimum intervention oral health care (MIOC) delivery framework shifts restorative dentistry from a predominantly operative, procedure-centred model towards a person-focused, prevention-oriented and tooth-preserving approach. This international consensus aimed to develop agreed, evidence-informed recommendations to support uptake of MIOC. METHODS: A structured expert consensus process was conducted. Sixteen international experts participated in a structured in-person meeting and consented on fourteen recommendations, all with 100% agreement. RESULTS: Implementation of MIOC requires alignment of reimbursement systems, quality indicators, coding structures and digital infrastructures with preventive, diagnostic and active surveillance-based care pathways. Recommendations emphasise recognition and reimbursement of risk assessment and supportive care, integration of team-based delivery models, embedding MIOC competencies across undergraduate and postgraduate education, and ensuring that digital and AI technologies demonstrate person-centred benefit consistent with MIOC principles. CONCLUSIONS: The consensus provides a coordinated framework to support implementation and advance equitable, sustainable and prevention-oriented oral health care delivery globally.
Disrupted Salivary Fungal Community in Patients With Oral Lichen Planus.
Zhang M, Xiong W, Shao R … +4 more , Wang Z, Shen Z, Zhou Q, Du G
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41932098 · Full text
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic inflammatory oral mucosal disorder with malignant potential, has been associated with oral microbial dysbiosis. While bacterial community alterations in OLP are...
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic inflammatory oral mucosal disorder with malignant potential, has been associated with oral microbial dysbiosis. While bacterial community alterations in OLP are well-documented, the fungal community architecture and ecological dynamics, particularly within salivary microbiota, remain poorly characterised. METHODS: Saliva samples were collected from 30 participants and stratified into 3 cohorts: 10 healthy controls (HC), 10 reticular OLP (R-OLP) patients and 10 erosive OLP (E-OLP) patients. The fungal community profile was assessed using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing, complemented by multi-dimensional analytical approaches, including diversity metrics, co-occurrence network construction and functional prediction. RESULTS: Significant diversity disparities distinguished fungal communities across groups. Taxonomically, Pseudozyma and Simplicillium demonstrated reduced abundance in OLP patients versus HC, while Pyronema was exclusive to OLP cohorts. Fungal ecological networks in OLP exhibited increased density compared to HC. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis identified Pseudozyma as an HC-associated biomarker and Pyronema as an E-OLP discriminant, while predictive models highlighted Pseudozyma and Simplicillium as effective group stratifiers. FUNGuild profiling revealed predominant saprotrophic activity across all groups, with decreased pathotroph-symbiotroph guild representation in OLP patients. CONCLUSIONS: Salivary fungal communities in OLP exhibit structural and compositional alterations. Through integrated analyses of relative abundance, random forest modelling and LEfSe, this study indicated that 3 fungal taxa may be as potential biomarkers for distinguishing OLP from HC. Among these, Pseudozyma and Simplicillium showed characteristics suggesting a possible probiotic role, while Pyronema, with its detection limited to OLP and absence in HC, may be associated with the disease. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The fungal profile observed in this study, comprising the potentially beneficial taxa Pseudozyma and Simplicillium as well as the OLP-linked Pyronema, offers new directions for developing noninvasive diagnostics and microbial-targeted therapies for OLP.
Progress of Multimodal Imaging: Bridging Orthodontics to Comprehensive Oral Multidisciplinary Care.
Feng Y, Jia Y, Lv L … +2 more , Wei X, Hu M
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41932097 · Full text
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: For decades, orthodontic diagnosis and treatment have primarily depended on physical models, imaging techniques, and three-dimensional (3D) imaging technologies. Nevertheless, single-modal data exh...
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: For decades, orthodontic diagnosis and treatment have primarily depended on physical models, imaging techniques, and three-dimensional (3D) imaging technologies. Nevertheless, single-modal data exhibits inherent limitations, including insufficient spatial resolution, lack of tissue specificity, and discontinuous spatiotemporal information. These drawbacks make it challenging to meet the increasingly high requirements for precision and comprehensiveness in modern clinical decision-making. Multimodal data fusion technology, by integrating diverse types of medical data, can fully leverage the unique advantages of each modal data while compensating for their respective deficiencies. This review aims to systematically elaborate on the application value and research progress of multimodal data fusion technology in orthodontics, and to provide insights into its future development directions. METHODS: A review of the contemporary clinical literature, relating to multimodal data fusion technology, was undertaken using information obtained from the electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science. RESULTS: Eight types of commonly used modal data in orthodontics were identified, each with distinct characteristics. Multimodal data fusion technologies have been widely applied in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment, demonstrating significant application value. Moreover, such technologies have made notable progress in promoting multidisciplinary collaborative treatment involving orthodontics, oral surgery, and prosthodontics. The core advantage of multimodal data fusion technology lies in constructing comprehensive analytical models integrated with multidimensional biomechanical parameters, which can provide quantitative tools for dynamic orthodontic treatment monitoring and outcome evaluation. CONCLUSION: Multimodal data fusion technology holds remarkable clinical value in the field of orthodontics. It not only supports precise orthodontic treatment but also enhances interdisciplinary collaboration through standardized data platforms. To further advance efficient and precise oral healthcare, future efforts should focus on improving the fusion accuracy of multimodal data and integrating more types of dynamic data. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The application of multimodal data fusion technology can effectively address the limitations of single-modal data in orthodontic practice, providing clinicians with more comprehensive and accurate diagnostic information. It facilitates dynamic treatment monitoring and precise outcome evaluation, thereby optimizing clinical decision-making. Additionally, the standardized data platform established by this technology promotes seamless collaboration between orthodontists, oral surgeons, prosthodontists, and other specialists, contributing to the improvement of overall oral healthcare quality.
The Relationship Between Burnout in Dental Care Professionals and Patient Safety: A Scoping Review.
Bruj-Milasan G, Plessas A, Anabalon-Cordova P … +4 more , Hopcraft M, Johnston A, Yuh C, Newton JT
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41932096 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: To identify within the published literature the relationship between the experience of burnout and patient safety. METHODS: Scoping review conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews....
OBJECTIVE: To identify within the published literature the relationship between the experience of burnout and patient safety. METHODS: Scoping review conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Searches were conducted in the following databases up to and including December 2024: CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus. FINDINGS: Five studies were identified as relevant to the aims of the review, with a total of 2362 dental participants. A variety of measures of burnout were adopted, and there were marked differences in the aspect of patient safety addressed. Burnout was related to the intention to leave the dental profession and, in 1 study, to self-reported errors of practice. CONCLUSIONS: The conclusions drawn from the review are limited by the marked heterogeneity in measures across the 5 studies. Some evidence suggests that burnout is related to the intention to leave the dental profession and with self-reported patient care errors.
To Vape or Not to Vape: Oral Health in the Age of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems.
Kumar PS, Beverly ML, Galindo-Fernandez P … +3 more , Thompson W, Verma M, Shick E
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41932095 · Full text
100 million adults and 15 million adolescents currently use e-cigarettes, a type of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) or Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery System (ENNDS). While they were introduced as smoking ces...
100 million adults and 15 million adolescents currently use e-cigarettes, a type of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) or Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery System (ENNDS). While they were introduced as smoking cessation aids, they are currently marketed as consumer products rather than prescription-based cessation tools. According to the WHO, as of 2025, 88 countries do not have minimum age restrictions, and 74 countries have no regulations. The growing popularity of ENDS and ENNDS has introduced a new and complex set of behaviours and exposures that might impact oral and overall health. E-cigarette aerosols are reported to impact cardiovascular health, heighten airway inflammation and increase risk of upper respiratory infections. In the oral cavity, a high caries risk, greater staining of teeth and restorations, higher incidence of xerostomia, gingival inflammation and a greater prevalence periodontal and peri-implant diseases when compared to non-users. Oral mucosal lesions such are nicotine stomatitis, hairy tongue, and angular cheilitis are more prevalent when compared to former smokers. Thus, evidence is emerging to indicate that ENDS and ENNDS impact both oral and systemic health, albeit in ways different from conventional cigarettes. However, high-certainty evidence also supports e-cigarettes as effective smoking cessation tools, with four additional quitters per 100 individuals. Therefore, it behooves oral health professionals to play a crucial role in counselling and support patients with evidence-based data. More evidence is needed to understand the long-term health impacts of e-cigarettes.
From Minimally Invasive Endodontics to Functionally Intelligent Endodontics.
Turky M, Dummer PMH
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41932094 · Full text
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Surface Roughness and Bond Strength of PEEK Posts: Comparing Chemical, Mechanical, and Laser Methods.
Alrabiah MA, Alkhudhairy F
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41932093 · Full text
AIMS: Assessing the effect of different surface pretreatments, that is, sulfuric acid (SA), air-particle abrasion (APA), Er, Cr: YSGG laser, and nonthermal plasma (NTP)on the push-out bond strength (PBS) and surface roug...
AIMS: Assessing the effect of different surface pretreatments, that is, sulfuric acid (SA), air-particle abrasion (APA), Er, Cr: YSGG laser, and nonthermal plasma (NTP)on the push-out bond strength (PBS) and surface roughness (R) of Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) post bonded to canal dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty caries-free single-rooted premolars were selected and decoronated. Following access cavity preparation, the working length was standardized at 14 mm. Root canal treatment was completed, and post space preparation was carried out by removing 10 mm of gutta-percha using a Gates-Glidden drill. A total of one hundred prefabricated polyetheretherketone (PEEK) posts were randomly allocated into 5 groups according to the surface treatment protocol (n = 20): Group 1: No treatment (control), Group 2: SA, Group 3: APA, Group 4: Er, Cr: YSGG laser, and Group 5: NTP. R was measured using a contact profilometer (n = 5). Surface morphology of the pre-treated PEEK posts was evaluated using SEM (n = 5). Ten posts from each group were cemented into the prepared canals using a dual-cure self-adhesive universal resin cement, followed by thermocycling. The specimens were then sectioned and subjected to PBS testing using a universal testing machine. Failure modes were analysed under a stereomicroscope. ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post hoc test were used for data analysis, p < .05. RESULTS: The maximum R was observed in Group 2 (SA) (1.5 ± 0.4 µm) specimens. Whereas the minimum R scores were recorded in Group 1 (control) (0.6 ± 0.2 µm) samples. The maximum PBS values were seen in Group 2 (SA) samples, particularly in the cervical region (10.2 ± 0.4 MPa). Whereas the minimum PBS values were recorded in the apical region of Group 1 (5.3 ± 0.3 MPa) samples. CONCLUSION: APA and Er, Cr: YSGG laser treatment might be considered effective alternatives to SA for pretreating PEEK posts. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Sulfuric acid treatment, while producing the highest Ra and PBS values in PEEK surface treatment, carries inherent risks in a clinical setting - including tissue toxicity, handling hazards, and the need for strict neutralization protocols, making it less practical for routine chairside use. The finding that air-particle abrasion and Er, Cr: YSGG laser are effective alternatives. Both modalities are already present in well-equipped dental practices, require no hazardous chemical handling, and can be applied precisely and efficiently before post-cementation.
Aspartate Aminotransferase/Alanine Aminotransferase Ratio Predicts the Post-surgical Prognosis of Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
He B, Shen L, Lin Y … +7 more , Chen F, Liu F, Qiu Y, Shi B, Lin L, Wang J, Bao X
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41921448 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: Survival rates in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have failed to improve greatly over time, and novel biomarkers are urgently needed. Therefore, the aim was to evaluate the predictive abilit...
OBJECTIVES: Survival rates in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have failed to improve greatly over time, and novel biomarkers are urgently needed. Therefore, the aim was to evaluate the predictive ability of the pre-treatment serum aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) ratio (SLR) for the prognosis of patients with OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cohort study based on a prospectively maintained database included 552 patients who were diagnosed with primary OSCC and underwent surgery between August 2011 and January 2022. The pre-treatment SLR was determined in each patient by dividing the AST levels by the ALT concentrations. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to adjust for potential confounders. COX proportional hazards models, as well as generalized boosted regression model (GBM) and random survival forest (RSF) algorithms were used to investigate the predictive value of the SLR in determining the prognosis of patients with OSCC. RESULTS: X-tile software was used to determine the SLR to stratify patients into low-SLR (SLR < 1.50, n = 445) and high-SLR (SLR ≥ 1.50, n = 107). After PSM, all covariates were determined to be well-balanced between the two groups in the matched cohort (all standardized mean differences (SMDs) < 0.1). The high-SLR group exhibited significantly poorer overall survival (OS) compared with that of the low-SLR group based on the multivariate Cox regression modeling in both the original (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.55; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-2.36) and matched (HR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.13-2.91) cohorts. Furthermore, comparative model analysis demonstrated a moderate improvement in predictive performance when SLR was included in the models (P = .017 in the original cohort; P = .008 in the matched cohort). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the pre-treatment SLR serves as an independent prognostic factor for OS in surgical OSCC patients and enhances the performance of prognostic models, indicating its potential as a clinical tool for outcome prediction.
Dimensional Accuracy and Adaptation of Monolithic Zirconia Crowns Fabricated by a Novel Material Jetting Technique: An In Vitro Study Based on Clinical Laboratory Data.
Lyu J, Wang S, Wang H … +3 more , Yang X, Ma M, Liu X
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41921447 · Full text
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Additive manufacturing technology has the potential to produce accurate restorations in the field of prosthodontics. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the dimensional accuracy and marginal a...
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Additive manufacturing technology has the potential to produce accurate restorations in the field of prosthodontics. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the dimensional accuracy and marginal and internal fit of monolithic zirconia crowns fabricated with advanced customized jetting (ACJ) technology, a material jetting method, based on clinical laboratory data. METHODS: The three-dimensional (3D) printed tooth preparation casts for ceramic complete crowns of the maxillary central incisor and mandibular first molar (n = 10 for each tth, a total of 20) were collected from a dental laboratory. All casts were digitally scanned, and 40 crowns were fabricated by using ACJ and subtractive manufacturing (SM) methods (n = 10 per manufacturing method for incisors and molars). The dimensional accuracy was determined by superimposing the scanned crown data with the corresponding design data. Marginal and internal fit were evaluated with a dual scanning method. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the dimensional accuracy and adaptation among the ACJ and SM groups (P < .05). ACJ crowns demonstrated significantly higher accuracy and lower root mean square (RMS) values in the overall, external, marginal, and intaglio regions compared with SM (P < .001). Regarding adaptation, ACJ crowns exhibited smaller marginal gaps, occlusal gaps in molars, and axial gaps in incisors than SM crowns (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Monolithic zirconia crowns fabricated by using ACJ demonstrated superior dimensional accuracy and adaptation compared with SM based on clinical laboratory data. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Advanced customized jetting technology enables the fabrication of monolithic zirconia crowns with favorable dimensional accuracy and marginal and internal fit. This capability demonstrates its significant potential for complete crown production based on clinical laboratory data.
Mapping the Intersection of One Health and Oral Health: A Citation Analysis of Human, Animal, and Environmental Interconnections.
McGrath C, Bedi R, Li SWS … +3 more , Li J, Zheng L, Huang S
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41921446 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: The concept of 'One Health' emphasizes the intrinsic connection of 'Human Health' with 'Animal Health' and 'Environmental Health'. The research landscape of the intersection of one health in the oral health c...
OBJECTIVES: The concept of 'One Health' emphasizes the intrinsic connection of 'Human Health' with 'Animal Health' and 'Environmental Health'. The research landscape of the intersection of one health in the oral health context is largely unknown, and so a citation analysis was conducted. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A citation analysis was performed following a scoping review within the context of one health and oral health to determine the interaction between oral health with animal health and environment health. The impact and scholarly interconnectedness of research articles within the field, the development of the concept of one health, citations by country, journal type and authors were mapped to provide insights into the scholarly impact of individual works, collaboration patterns among researchers, and the evolution of one health topics over time. RESULTS: The analysis identified 114 publications covering three main aspects of the one health concept - human health, animal health & environment health from the Scopus database. There is a growing interest in the intersection of oral health and its mutual effect on animal and environment health with most publications occurring after 2011 (95 out of 114), especially concerning zoonotic infections. Country-level variations were analysed, and a strong citation interconnectedness was observed. Three dimensions, including oral health, animal health and environmental health, were presented using total-link-strength. Publications per author were not high but there was still evidence of interconnectedness in the field. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from a citation analysis highlight the emergence of one health in the oral health context globally. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The findings underscore the importance of interdisciplinary and international cooperation in advancing research on one health in the context of oral health with potential opportunities for future research, policy and practice.
Comprehensive Immunophenotypic Profiling and Prognostic Value in Salivary Gland Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma.
Tran VNT, Ruangritchankul K, Nikitakis NG … +2 more , Ferreira JN, Chaisuparat R
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41921445 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To characterize the proliferative and immunophenotypic profiles of salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and to explore their associations with clinicopathologic features, tumour microenvironment (TME...
OBJECTIVES: To characterize the proliferative and immunophenotypic profiles of salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and to explore their associations with clinicopathologic features, tumour microenvironment (TME) characteristics, Pan-TRK expression, and disease prognosis. METHODS: Forty-one MEC cases were examined using immunohistochemistry for Ki-67, Cytokeratin 19 (CK19), Aquaporin 5 (AQP5), CD3, CD8, and Pan-TRK. Clinicopathologic parameters were correlated with protein expression patterns to assess tumour behaviour and potential TRK fusion activity. RESULTS: Elevated Ki-67 expression correlated with aggressive histologic features and poor clinical outcomes. CK19 expression was significantly reduced in high-grade (HG) MECs, and its loss was associated with unfavourable prognosis. High tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte density correlated with an increased risk, while cases with poor outcomes exhibited heterogeneous CD3⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cell profiles. Pan-TRK expression was detected in only five cases (12.2%), typically weak and heterogeneous, and no robust correlation with cancer recurrence risk was present. CONCLUSIONS: The heterogeneous immunophenotypic profiles observed in MEC reflect the biological complexity of the TME. Ki-67 was found to be a reliable indicator of tumour proliferative activity and an unfavourable prognosis. High Ki-67 expression, loss of CK19, and elevated TIL density were associated with increased recurrence risk. Although Pan-TRK expression was infrequent and not prognostically relevant, its occurrence in highly proliferative tumours suggests possible biologic interplay. Expanding immunophenotypic profiling to incorporate spatial analyses and single-cell-level characterization may deepen our understanding of MEC pathogenesis and support personalized therapeutic strategies.
Ageing of the Oral Mucosa: Mechanisms and Consequences.
Qiu C, Jie W, Qian Y … +3 more , Lu X, Chen Y, Si M
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41916092 · Full text
Oral mucosal ageing represents a fundamental reprogramming of the tissue microenvironment, a dynamic process that underlies the functional decline and heightened disease susceptibility observed in the elderly. This revie...
Oral mucosal ageing represents a fundamental reprogramming of the tissue microenvironment, a dynamic process that underlies the functional decline and heightened disease susceptibility observed in the elderly. This review synthesises current evidence to reconceptualise oral mucosal ageing as an active reprogramming of the tissue microenvironment, delineating the interplay between structural, molecular, and immunological changes, and exploring how these alterations drive functional decline and increase susceptibility to age-related oral diseases. Through a comprehensive analysis of experimental and clinical studies from human and animal models, we demonstrate that the ageing process fundamentally transforms the oral mucosa. Key findings include structural changes such as epithelial atrophy, extracellular matrix remodelling, and salivary gland degeneration, driven molecularly by genomic instability, accumulation of proinflammatory senescent cells, stem cell exhaustion, and dysregulated stress responses. These are compounded by an immunological state of 'inflammaging' and functional decline in innate and adaptive immunity, further exacerbated by shifts in the oral microbiome. Collectively, these deficits lead to impaired regeneration, diminished sensory function, and reduced salivary secretion, creating a permissive landscape for chronic oral diseases. In conclusion, oral mucosal ageing is a dynamic process of microenvironmental reprogramming driven by cellular senescence, immunosenescence, and structural decay. This actively underpins the heightened vulnerability to oral disease in the elderly, providing a mechanistic foundation for developing targeted interventions to preserve oral health in ageing populations.
Monotonic and Fatigue Strength of 3D-Printed Partially Stabilized Zirconia for Monolithic Restorations.
Lu Y, Wang L, Tribst JPM … +4 more , Kodolányi J, Kleverlaan CJ, Feilzer AJ, Dal Piva AMO
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41905325 · Full text
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the monotonic and fatigue strength of 3D-printed 5 mol% yttria partially stabilized zirconia (5Y-PSZ) and the influences of printing layer orientation and finishing protocol. METHODS: Bar-shape...
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the monotonic and fatigue strength of 3D-printed 5 mol% yttria partially stabilized zirconia (5Y-PSZ) and the influences of printing layer orientation and finishing protocol. METHODS: Bar-shaped 5Y-PSZ specimens (1.0 mm x 1.0 mm x 12.0 mm) were 3D-printed via stereolithography, followed by debinding and sintering. The specimens were randomly divided into 2 groups according to printing layer orientations: parallel or perpendicular to the tensile surface of a 3-point bending test. The specimens of each printing layer orientation were subsequently submitted to different surface finishing protocols: as-sintered, polished, and glazed. The monotonic strength of each group was determined using a ball-in-hole device. A step-wise fatigue test was conducted for the polished and glazed specimens. RESULTS: For monotonic strength, the parallel specimens (640 ± 99 MPa) were stronger than the perpendicular (507 ± 48 MPa); polishing generated higher strength for both parallel (782 ± 134 MPa) and perpendicular (645 ± 160 MPa) orientations; while the effect of glazing was not significant, the glazed perpendicular specimen (623 ± 97 MPa) presented similar strength to the glazed parallel specimens (581 ± 117 MPa). However, the fatigue strength was similar in the evaluated groups (parallel and polished: 418 ± 115 MPa; perpendicular and polished: 404 ± 55 MPa; parallel and glazed: 406 ± 41 MPa; perpendicular and glazed: 371 ± 86 MPa). CONCLUSION: Both printing layer orientation and surface finishing influenced the monotonic strength of 3D-printed 5Y-PSZ, while fatigue strength did not differ significantly among polished and glazed specimens with different orientations.
A Novel Nonsense Variant in TBX15 Transcription Factor Suggests an Expanded Genetic Spectrum Of Submucous Cleft Palate.
Wang Y, Yu K, Huang L … +3 more , Cheng Y, Fu X, Ji Y
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41904889 · Full text
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Submucous cleft palate (SMCP) is a congenital craniofacial malformation. While TBX22 is a known pathogenic gene, the potential role of TBX15 in SMCP remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate...
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Submucous cleft palate (SMCP) is a congenital craniofacial malformation. While TBX22 is a known pathogenic gene, the potential role of TBX15 in SMCP remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the genetic etiology of SMCP in a multigenerational family and explore the possible involvement of TBX15. METHODS: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on a 4-generation Chinese family with SMCP. Functional characterization of the identified variant was conducted through protein localization and transcriptional activity assays. Furthermore, single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) of developing mouse palate tissues and immunofluorescence staining were employed to analyse the expression and role of Tbx15 during palatogenesis. RESULTS: WES identified a heterozygous nonsense variant (c.C1231T, p.Gln411Ter) in the terminal exon of TBX15. This variant is predicted to produce a truncated protein. Functional analyses demonstrated that the mutant TBX15 protein exhibits aberrant cytoplasmic mis-localization and significantly reduced transcriptional activity. SnRNA-seq revealed high expression of Tbx15 in a specific mesenchymal cell population during mouse palate development, with the highest expression observed at E15.5. Immunofluorescence confirmed colocalization of TBX15 with osteogenic markers in the developing palate, implicating it in intramembranous bone formation. CONCLUSION: This study provides the first evidence that a loss-of-function variant in TBX15 is associated with SMCP. The findings suggest that TBX15 plays a critical role in palatal osteogenesis, potentially through mechanisms overlapping with TBX22, and implicate TBX15 as a potential novel candidate gene for SMCP, suggesting a possible expansion of the genetic spectrum of this condition. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The results suggest a potential expansion of the genetic spectrum of SMCP, offering new insights for molecular diagnosis and genetic counselling. Understanding TBX15's role in palate bone development may inform future research into therapeutic strategies.
Oral Microbiota and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Study Integrating Genome-Wide Association and 16S rRNA Sequence Analyses.
Shi W, Yin J, Tan S … +7 more , Wu D, Tao X, Zhang H, You F, Ma Q, Ren Y, Yu H
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41904888 · Full text
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Evidence suggests a relationship between oral microbiota and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the roles of specific microbiota in the pathogenesis of CVDs remain underexplored. METHODS: Two...
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Evidence suggests a relationship between oral microbiota and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the roles of specific microbiota in the pathogenesis of CVDs remain underexplored. METHODS: Two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) was applied to investigate the association between oral microbiota and six types of CVDs. Oral microbiota and CVDs were identified using large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from East Asian populations. Sequencing results from a clinical cohort were used to examine the directional consistency of the MR findings. RESULTS: The MR analysis identified suggestive associations between specific oral bacteria and cardiovascular diseases, including 10 positive (risk factors) and 7 negative (protective factors) causative directions. Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of these associations. Clinical observational analysis showed that seven risk-associated and 2 protective bacteria were significantly correlated with CVDs, demonstrating directional consistency with the MR findings. CONCLUSION: Using GWAS datasets and MR analysis, this study systematically investigated the relationships between oral microbiota and six distinct subtypes of CVDs and identified specific oral bacteria as potential targets for further investigation into CVDs prevention.
Virtual Simulation Versus Traditional Training for Orthodontic Bracket Positioning: A Pilot RCT.
Lai D, Lai B, Xu L … +1 more , Huang X
Int Dent J · 2026 Jun · PMID 41904887 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: The successful completion of orthodontic treatment largely depends on the accuracy of bracket placement. This study aimed to compare the impact of virtual simulation and traditional training on bonding, while...
OBJECTIVE: The successful completion of orthodontic treatment largely depends on the accuracy of bracket placement. This study aimed to compare the impact of virtual simulation and traditional training on bonding, while also exploring student feedback regarding their learning journey. METHODS: Twenty dental interns with no experience in orthodontics were randomly assigned either to a traditional training group (Group A) or a virtual simulation training group (Group B). Following their respective trainings, students placed orthodontic brackets on head-simulator models. Three-dimensional bracket deviations (mesiodistal, vertical, and buccolingual) from an ideal reference were quantified using the Geomagic Studio software. Participants' motivation and satisfaction were also assessed with the ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction) motivation and learning experience satisfaction questionnaires. Due to the non-normal distribution of the data, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare differences between two groups. RESULTS: The virtual simulation group had less deviation in bracket positioning in the mesiodistal and buccolingual directions than the traditional training group (P < .05). There was no statistically significant difference in the vertical directions (P > .05). Furthermore, the virtual simulation group scored higher in all questionnaire domains, although most of the differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this pilot study, differences in selected aspects of the accuracy of bracket positioning were found to be associated with virtual simulation training. The findings suggest that virtual simulation provides learning outcomes comparable to those of traditional training without compromising technical accuracy from an educational perspective. Adoption of this technology is a great addition to modern dental educational curricula. However, more research with larger sample sizes is necessary. With the pilot nature of the study and limited statistical power, the results must be treated with caution.
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