Studies covered respiratory health of 1530 workers of nickel industry, among which were 796 (52.0%) smokers. Findings are that tobacco smoke combined with nickel industry hazards cause potentized negative effects in resp...Studies covered respiratory health of 1530 workers of nickel industry, among which were 796 (52.0%) smokers. Findings are that tobacco smoke combined with nickel industry hazards cause potentized negative effects in respiratory organs, with earlier and more frequent chronic bronchitis. For isolated influence of these factors, chronic bronchitis risk is higher from exposure to tobacco smoke vs. occupational hazards (OR = 2.48; DI 1.49-4.13). Chronic obstructive lung disease development in nickel industry workers is caused by smoking. Industrial air pollutants appeared to have no potentizing effect on COLD formation, as well as on toxic pneumosclerosis formation.
The authors analysed management and quality of periodic medical examinations among medical staffers of medical establishments of Volgograd city and suggested organizational measures to improve efficiency and quality of p...The authors analysed management and quality of periodic medical examinations among medical staffers of medical establishments of Volgograd city and suggested organizational measures to improve efficiency and quality of periodic medical examinations.
The results of periodic medical examinations (PME) of workers of the machine-building enterprise are analyzed and factors defining their quality are considered. The criteria of PME quality are proposed and used along wit...The results of periodic medical examinations (PME) of workers of the machine-building enterprise are analyzed and factors defining their quality are considered. The criteria of PME quality are proposed and used along with analysis of the defects of medical records. With help of Pareto chart the most significant factors affecting the quality of PME are revealed. These were noted in 76% of cases and included: lack of expertise of fitness to work, the discrepancy of the results of this expertise and the worker's pathology, the lack of registration and collection of complaints and anamnesis.
Dudarev AA, Dushkina EV, Sladkova YN
… +2 more, Chupahin VS, Lukichova LA
Med Tr Prom Ekol
· 2015 · PMID 26859978
Total average daily intake of metals with local food by natives equalled: Cu 2%, Pb 6%, Cd 22%, Hg 40%, Ni 66%, As 157%--in comparison with allowable daily intake. Mushrooms are responsible for total intake of 35% Pb, 55...Total average daily intake of metals with local food by natives equalled: Cu 2%, Pb 6%, Cd 22%, Hg 40%, Ni 66%, As 157%--in comparison with allowable daily intake. Mushrooms are responsible for total intake of 35% Pb, 55% Cu, 61% Ni and 91% Cd; fish gives 83% Hg and 75% As. The natives' exposure to Ni is caused by mushrooms, wild and cultivated berries and vegetables, exposure to Cd--by mushrooms, that to Hg--by freshwater fish, exposure to As--by salmon and cod. Drinkable water contribution into exposure to metals is negligibly small for Hg, Cd, Pb and Cu, mild for As and considerable for Ni (23%). Total carcinogenous risk with Cu and Pb are negligible, with Cd is 0.22, with Hg 0.39, with Ni 0.81, with As 1.62, with totality of metals for total foods and water--3.1. Total carcinogenous risks with Pb are minimal (less than 10(-6)), with Cd--allowable (less than 10(-5)), with As--average (less than 10(-3)), with Ni--high (10(-2)), with totality of metals for total foods and water--1.25 x 10(-2). Increased health risks revealed necessitate recommendations on reduction/exclusion of some local foods intake by the natives and measures on drinkable water purification from nickel, or usage of other sources of clear water.
Clinical and neurophysiologic study covered efficiency of rehabilitation in 40 patients with upper limbs occupational vegetative-sensory polyneuropathy. Each patient underwent infrared thermography and electroneuromyogra...Clinical and neurophysiologic study covered efficiency of rehabilitation in 40 patients with upper limbs occupational vegetative-sensory polyneuropathy. Each patient underwent infrared thermography and electroneuromyography of hands before and after the treatment. Findings are that post-treatment nerve impulse velocity in right median nerve has improved considerably, thermovisual pictures of both upper limbs also have reliably improved. Electroneuromyography and infrared thermography for evaluation of rehabilitation efficiency are justified. Applied rehabilitation protocol was clinically effective, reliable improvement in the patients state was registered.
Pain syndrome accompanies various diseases of central and peripheral nervous system--that is one of the most important problems in contemporary neurology. Many scientists are in search for effective diagnostic and therap...Pain syndrome accompanies various diseases of central and peripheral nervous system--that is one of the most important problems in contemporary neurology. Many scientists are in search for effective diagnostic and therapeutic tools. The article covers characteristics of the pain syndrome and its mechanisms in patients with upper limbs occupational polyneuropathies.
Polozova EV, Shilov VV, Bogachova AS
… +1 more, Davydova EV
Med Tr Prom Ekol
· 2015 · PMID 26859975
Evaluation of blood gases and acid-base balance covered patients with carbon monoxide acute poisoning, in accordance with inhalation trauma presence. Evidence is that thermochemical injury of respiratory tract induced se...Evaluation of blood gases and acid-base balance covered patients with carbon monoxide acute poisoning, in accordance with inhalation trauma presence. Evidence is that thermochemical injury of respiratory tract induced severe acid-base dysbalance remaining decompensated for a long time despite the treatment.
The authors evaluated efficiency of rehabilitation in patients with upper limbs occupational polyneuropathy, in accordance with length of service under physical overstrain. The study was based on follow-up of 268 patient...The authors evaluated efficiency of rehabilitation in patients with upper limbs occupational polyneuropathy, in accordance with length of service under physical overstrain. The study was based on follow-up of 268 patients. Treatment was initiated after the patients discontinued work hazardous for health. Drug and sanatorium treatment was effective in 67-86% of patients (with differences in occupational groups). The effect was only transitory (for 15-60 days) decrease of the disease clinical manifestations. Rehabilitation prognosis was reliably better in patients who worked during the disease development in conditions with number of stereotypic working movements of hands within hygienic norms. The treatment efficiency is reliably higher when started at younger age, regular drug and sanatorium treatment for many years. Placement of the patients on jobs avoiding physical overstrain enabled nowadays to prevent progression of occupational polyneuropathy.
Based on comparative analysis of contemporary clinical and instrumental investigations, the authors justify advantage of ultrasound examination in diagnosis of occupational myofibrosis. Results of ultrasound application...Based on comparative analysis of contemporary clinical and instrumental investigations, the authors justify advantage of ultrasound examination in diagnosis of occupational myofibrosis. Results of ultrasound application helped to specify a classification of occupational myofibrosis according to the disease severity, that considerably increases efficiency of examining connection between the disease and occupation.
The article covers features of govenmental and public control in providing sanitary epidemiologic well-being of population and consumers' rights protection. Based on analysis of contemporary legislation, the authors eval...The article covers features of govenmental and public control in providing sanitary epidemiologic well-being of population and consumers' rights protection. Based on analysis of contemporary legislation, the authors evaluated terms "control" and "supervision", having different legal nature. The authors determined specific traits and define subjects and objects for public control in relationships aimed to provide sanitary epidemiologic well-being of population, evaluated legislative basis of citizens' claims to Rospotrebnadzor, pointed at difficulties in implementation of public control in connection with necessity to create new organizational and legal mechanisms widening control possibilities.
Denisov EI, Prokopenko LV, Pfaf VF
… +1 more, Sal'nikov AA
Med Tr Prom Ekol
· 2016 · PMID 30351785
The standard ISO 45001 and poor translation of its title in Russian are discussed. The mortality rates from occupational diseases and injuries are compared as well as risk of sudden cardio-vascular death. The priority of...The standard ISO 45001 and poor translation of its title in Russian are discussed. The mortality rates from occupational diseases and injuries are compared as well as risk of sudden cardio-vascular death. The priority of occupational health as compared to safety is proven and some ways of amelioration of the system are suggested.
The authors justified actuality and significance of new International Standard ISO 45001, containing universal requirements to management systems for work safety and workers' health preservation. Analysis covered concept...The authors justified actuality and significance of new International Standard ISO 45001, containing universal requirements to management systems for work safety and workers' health preservation. Analysis covered conceptual and key theses of ISO/DIS 45001: 2016 standard project. Comparative evaluation covered contents of standards ISO 45001: 2016, ISO 9001: 2015 and ISO 14001: 2015. The authors demonstrated expedience of using integrated system of management as a preventive measure helping to prevent traumatism and occupational diseases in occupational activity. Special attention was paid to risk-oriented thinking in decision making for safe work conditions.
The article covers a method for zoning of natural technogenic geosystem (exemplified by territory of ash-heap from metallurgic enterprise - one of the major metallurgic enterprises in Russia). The method is based on main...The article covers a method for zoning of natural technogenic geosystem (exemplified by territory of ash-heap from metallurgic enterprise - one of the major metallurgic enterprises in Russia). The method is based on main principles of systemic approach and enables objective evaluation of space-time spread of pollution for effective management solutions. The studied territory appeared to be assigned to "dangerous" pollution category and requires specification and implementation of effective nature protection measures, with primary step of systematic monitoring of all environmental components including biota - that enables consideration of its results in geosystem studies and gives information for forecasting ecologic state of environment.
The article covers problem of sanitary protective zones, from a viewpoint of present ecologic decisions and economic contents, and approach to calculation of more optimal relationships between them.The article covers problem of sanitary protective zones, from a viewpoint of present ecologic decisions and economic contents, and approach to calculation of more optimal relationships between them.
Extremely high toxicity of metal-containing nanoparticles necessitates search of methods to increase body resistance against its harmful effects. The authors' experiments summarized in the article demonstrated that some...Extremely high toxicity of metal-containing nanoparticles necessitates search of methods to increase body resistance against its harmful effects. The authors' experiments summarized in the article demonstrated that some combinations of certain biologically active substances selected according to sound theoretic background and prescribed in harmless doses can significantly decrease integral and specific manifestations of organ and system toxicity and even genotoxicity of such nanoparticles. Further development of this research direction should be recommended for practical implementation.
Stable suspensions of NiO and/or Mn304 nanoparticles with average diameter 16,7?8,2 nm and 18,4?5,4 nm respectively, obtained via laser ablation of the metals with 99,99% purification in deionized water, were injected in...Stable suspensions of NiO and/or Mn304 nanoparticles with average diameter 16,7?8,2 nm and 18,4?5,4 nm respectively, obtained via laser ablation of the metals with 99,99% purification in deionized water, were injected intraperitoneally into rats in dose of 0,5 mg or 0,25 mg three times per week up to 18 times separately or in various dose combinations. A group of rats received combined injections of nanoparticles in the highest dose or merely water with oral <<bioprotector complex>> containing pectin, vitamins A, C and E, glutamate, glycine, N-acetylcysteine, selenium, iodine and polyunsaturated fatty acids of omega-3 class. Intoxication development was assessed through multiple functional parameters and histologic changes in liver, spleen, kidneys and brain. Nickel and manganese accumulation in these organs was measured-via various methods. Both types of metallic oxide nanoparticles appeared to be hazardous for body, but Mn304 caused more harm according to major nonspecific toxicity manifestations. Moreover, they caused more intense injury to caudate nucleus and hippocamp neurons - that can be considered as an experimental model of manganese parkinsonism. Mathematic analysis based on response pattern revealed ambiguity of the combined toxicity type, depending on the effects assessed and on its level. Due to the bioprotector complex, organic and systemic toxicity and genotoxicity of Mn304 and NiO nanoparticles combined were diminished.
Kopylov ID, Berezina RF, Rapoport OA
… +2 more, Rudoy GN, Kuz'min DV
Med Tr Prom Ekol
· 2016 · PMID 30351779
The article covers a problem of soil pollution degree, that can be caused by industrial releases into atmosphere.The article covers a problem of soil pollution degree, that can be caused by industrial releases into atmosphere.
Shastin AS, Gazimova VG, Milovankina NO
… +4 more, Zhovtyak EP, Pirogovskiy ML, Kashanskaya EP, Ruzakov VO
Med Tr Prom Ekol
· 2016 · PMID 30351778
Analysis of longstanding occupational morbidity helped to determine enterprises forming occupational morbidity in Sverdlovsk region and occupations with most frequently registered these diseases among the workers. In the...Analysis of longstanding occupational morbidity helped to determine enterprises forming occupational morbidity in Sverdlovsk region and occupations with most frequently registered these diseases among the workers. In the priority occupations of the enterprises, medial and prophylactic measures are designed and implemented to prevent occupational and occupationally conditioned diseases, from medical examinations to rehabilitation in sanatoriums of the enterprises, with consideration of all financial sources.