International Journal Of Biomedical Science[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
The Role of Intraperitoneal Carboplatin as Consalidation Chemotherapy in Women with Ovarian Carcinoma: Report of Our Experience and Systematic Review.
Mousavi A, Karimi-Zarchi M, Behtash N … +5 more , Modares-Gilani M, Mokhtari-Gorgani M, Mehrdad N, Rouhi M, Anari PY
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Dec · PMID 28190981
BACKGROUND: Epithelial ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecology malignancy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of intraperitoneal chemotherapy with carboplatin, as a consolidative treatment,...
BACKGROUND: Epithelial ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecology malignancy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of intraperitoneal chemotherapy with carboplatin, as a consolidative treatment, in reducing relapse and increasing survival of patients in advanced epithelial ovarian cancers, as well as evaluation of its toxicity. METHODS: This clinical trial was conducted on 30 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer in stages II-IV in Gynecology oncology department in Valiasr University Hospital, Tehran during 2005-2010. They were enrolled through non-random sequential selection. They divided into 18 cases as the intervention group (receiving intraperitoneal chemotherapy) and 12 patients as the control group (with only retrospective follow-up). The cases received 3 cycles of 400 mg/m intraperitoneal carboplatin every 21 days following intravenous chemotherapy. Mean survival of two and five years, progression-free interval, overall survival, relapse, demographic parameters, drug toxicities and pathologic types of cancers were coded in the two groups and compared using SPSS 14. RESULTS: The mean ages of cases and controls were 52.4 ± 8.6 and 55.1 ± 11.5 years. The mean duration of relapse-free survival was 13 ± 8.6 months for the cases and 9.5 ± 4.3 months for the control patients (not statistically different, >0.05). The mean overall survival for cases and controls were 39 ± 16.5 and 30.8 ± 16.2 months, respectively (no significant difference, >0.05). The frequency of drug toxicities in the cases was 5.6%, and consisted of mild-to-moderate abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSION: consolidation therapy with intraperitoneal carboplatin may not increase overall survival, reduce relapse rate or decrease mortality, though it does not induce considerable side effects.
Women's Perspective of Breast Self-examination.
Pilevarzadeh M
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Sep · PMID 27829828
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among Iranian women. Early diagnosis of the disease is vitally important in successful treating of it and reducing its mortality and care-cost burden. In our country, the major...
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among Iranian women. Early diagnosis of the disease is vitally important in successful treating of it and reducing its mortality and care-cost burden. In our country, the major causes of mortality and other unfavorable complications of the disease are due to late referring of women. Breast Self -Examination (BSE) is a low-cost, low-risk, self-performed screening, which, according to the evidence from the literature improves the prospects for women's survival. A content analysis with a qualitative approach was conducted in depth on women through semi-structured (individual and group) interviews. Based on the result analysis, one them related to women's prospect BSE: Including Fearful feeling, with 2 Sub-themes A: Change body image B: Uncertain future. Training courses on breast cancer and BSE screening program for women (vulnerable poor population) is necessary so as to change their beliefs and culture in order to promote this health behavior.
The Prognostic Value of Using Ultrasonography in Cardiac Resuscitation of Patients with Cardiac Arrest.
Bolvardi E, Pouryaghobi SM, Farzane R … +3 more , Chokan NM, Ahmadi K, Reihani H
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Sep · PMID 27829827
Cardiopulmonary arrest is the final result of many diseases and therefore, need for a careful implementation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) protocols in these cases is undeniably important. The introduction of ul...
Cardiopulmonary arrest is the final result of many diseases and therefore, need for a careful implementation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) protocols in these cases is undeniably important. The introduction of ultrasound into the emergency department has potentially allowed the addition of an extra data point in the decision about when to cease cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of cardiac ultrasonography performed by emergency physicians to predict resuscitation outcome in adult cardiac arrest patients. Ultrasonographic examination of the subxiphoid cardiac area was made immediately after admission to the emergency department with pulseless cardiac arrest. Sonographic cardiac activity was defined as any detectable motion within the heart including the atria, ventricles or valves. Successful resuscitation was defined as: return of spontaneous circulation for ≥ 20 min; return of breathing; palpable pulse; measurable blood pressure. The present study includes 159 patients. The presence of sonographic cardiac activity at the beginning of resuscitation was significantly associated with a successful outcome (41/49 [83.7%] versus 15/110 [13.6%] patients without cardiac activity at the beginning of resuscitation). Ultrasonographic detection of cardiac activity may be useful in determining prognosis during cardiac arrest. Further studies are needed to elucidate the predictive value of ultrasonography in cardiac arrest patients.
Evaluate the Effectiveness of Conservative Treatment for Menorrhagia in Women who were Admitted to the Shahid Sadoughi Hospital of Yazd-Iran in 2014-2015.
Karimi-Zarchi M, Abadinezhad MZ, Bonyadpour B … +2 more , Kabyrpour-Ashkezar S, Abhaji AM
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Sep · PMID 27829826
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the most common debilitating menstrual problems. The first therapeutic strategy for abnormal uterine bleeding is drug treatment. This study was, therefore, designed...
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the most common debilitating menstrual problems. The first therapeutic strategy for abnormal uterine bleeding is drug treatment. This study was, therefore, designed to determine the efficacy of megestrol, medroxyprogesterone, GnRh agonist, Levonorgestrol IUD and endometrial ablation on bleeding and also to evaluate the side effects of each methods in patients with menorrhagia who were admitted to the Shahid Sadoughi clinic of Yazd University of Medical Sciences. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Based on an analytical study with consideration of patients' medical history, 89 patients with age range of 25-50 years old were included. Each patient, under gynecologist supervision, received one of treatments for three month. The evaluation of patients bleeding in response to treatment were performed using a check list filled by patients and the results were compared before and after treatment. Medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol, GnRh agonist (Triptorelin embonate), Levonorgestrol IUD and endometrial ablation was used for patients as their characteristics. Each treatment was conducted for a period of 3 months. Megestrol 40 mg per day on an ongoing basis, medroxyprogesterone from 15th day of menstruation for 10 nights and Diphereline 3.75 mm (manufactured by Aria Health) were administered every 28 days. Mean of bleeding before and after treatment and complications of conservative therapy were evaluated. Statistical analysis of the data were performed using paired t test and Wilcoxon tests on spss-19 software. RESULT: Mean of age was 41.2 (25-50). Megestrol treatment with a frequency of 27% (24 patients) and endometrial ablation with a frequency of 20.2% (18 patients) were the most used therapy in this study. All of these ways of conservative treatment can decrease bleeding significantly. The complications of these methods of treatment were not significantly different. (=0.37).Satisfaction of women after 2-3 months of treatment were increasing because spotting is common in the first months of therapy. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that all five methods are good enough to treat menorrhagia. All these methods can replace hysterectomy, especially in this age range in which preserve fertility is of particular importance, and patients can also be protected from hysterectomy, a heavy surgery, and surgery and post surgery complications.
Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 Levels in Children on Hemodialysis: Association with MMP-9 CT Gene Polymorphism and Vitamin D Levels.
Galal A, Fadel FI, Mokhtar E … +5 more , Elshamaa MF, Elghoroury EA, Kamel S, Elsaeed GS, Thabet EH
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Sep · PMID 27829825
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Data concerning the concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and its functional polymorphisms in chronic kidney diseases (CKD) are conflicting. The present study aimed to evaluate th...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Data concerning the concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and its functional polymorphisms in chronic kidney diseases (CKD) are conflicting. The present study aimed to evaluate the levels of MMP-9in children with end stage renal diseases (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) and to explore its association with MMP-9 polymorphism and vitamin D levels as an important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). METHODS: We studied 55 children with ESRD on hemodialysis and 18 healthy children served as controls. MMP-9 and vitamin D levels were measured by ELISA in serum of all patients and controls. Genotypes for MMP-9 polymorphism(CT) were determined by RFLP for only 28 of the patients and all the controls. RESULTS: There were insignificantly reduced MMP-9levels of patients vs. controls, however, there was significant increase in MMP-9 levels associated with CC genotypes for(CT) polymorphism compared with CT genotype (=0.01). We found that at MMP-9 base position-1562, the frequencies of the genotypes CC and CT in Children on HD were 71.4% and 28.6% respectively while all our controls were of the CC genotype. The alleles frequencies of C and T in patients were 85.7% and 14.29% as compared to 100% and 0%, respectively in the controls. Significant decrease in vitamin D was observed in children on HD versus that in controls (=0.008). Serum MMP9 levels and age were variables that were independently associated with CVD. CONCLUSIONS: MMP9 genetic polymorphism (CT) affects MMP9alterations in ESRD children on HD and vitamin D deficiency is common in our HD pediatric patients who require attention in accordance with current practice guidelines. They probably require supplementation with higher doses of cholecalciferol.
The Prevalence of Pronator Teres among Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Cross-sectional Study.
Asheghan M, Hollisaz MT, Aghdam AS … +1 more , Khatibiaghda A
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Sep · PMID 27829824
The aim of conducting this study was to determine the prevalence of PTS among patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. The study was conducted from March 2014 to April 2015 in the EDX ward and clinic of physical medicine an...
The aim of conducting this study was to determine the prevalence of PTS among patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. The study was conducted from March 2014 to April 2015 in the EDX ward and clinic of physical medicine and rehabilitation at the university hospital; Baqiytallah, a large referral practice and research center in Tehran. We included patients with clinical symptoms and signs of CTS. Clinical assessments were aimed to the diagnosis of CTS and PTS. At the next stage, ultrasound study was performed for the participants with suspected CTS. Sample size calculations were based on the formula: [Formula: see text]. Results showed that 13 (8.8%) patients presented electrodiagnostic, and 27 (18.2%) had clinical manifestations of pronator teres syndrome of which, 17 showed ultrasonic signs of the syndrome. In addition, 2, 7, and 8 out of the 17 patients had mild, moderate, and sever carpal tunnel syndrome, respectively. Age was not significantly different between the patients with, and without pronator teres syndrome (-value=0.179). Nine participants with pronator teres syndrome were male and there was a significant difference concerning sex (-value=0.013). There was a good agreement between electrodiagnostic and ultrasound findings (Cohen's kappa coefficient=0.71, -value<0.0001). Taken together, pronator teres syndrome should be considered as a possibility among patients with carpal tunnel syndrome especially in sever forms. Both electrodiagnostic and sonographic studies are efficient for diagnosing pronator teres syndrome. Men are more prone to develop pronator teres syndrome.
A New Lab Developed Real Time PCR Assay for Direct Detection of C. Difficle from Stool Sample without DNA Extraction.
Li B
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Sep · PMID 27829823
is a major cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated infectious diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. Detection of by anaerobic bacterial culture and/or cytotoxicity assays has been largely replaced by rapid enzyme imm...
is a major cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated infectious diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. Detection of by anaerobic bacterial culture and/or cytotoxicity assays has been largely replaced by rapid enzyme immunoassays (EIA). However, due to the lack of sensitivity of stool EIA, we developed a multiplex real-time PCR assay targeting the toxin genes . stool samples from hospitalized pediatric patients suspected of having -associated disease were prospectively collected. Three testing modalities were evaluated, including enriched culture, cepheid Xpert and real-time Pcr () on stool samples performed with gene-specific primers and hydrolysis probes. A total of 150 de-identified clinical specimen were analyzed. The sensitivities of stool real-time Pcr were 95% against cepheid Xpert C. difficile and 93% against enriched culture respectively, with a specificity of 97% and 94%. The lower limit of detection of the stool real-time PCR was 0.5 cFU/ml of per reaction for . Direct detection of toxin genes in stool samples by real-time Pcr showed performance comparable to enriched culture. Real-time PCR of DNA from stool samples is a rapid and cost-effective diagnostic modality for patients that should facilitate appropriate patient management.
Synthetic Plasma Liquid Based Electronic Circuits Realization-A Novel Concept.
Pandya KV, Kosta S
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Sep · PMID 27829822
Biomedical research is contributing significant role in the field of biomedical engineering and applied science. It brings research and innovations to a different level. This study investigated artificial human blood -sy...
Biomedical research is contributing significant role in the field of biomedical engineering and applied science. It brings research and innovations to a different level. This study investigated artificial human blood -synthetic plasma liquid as conductive medium. Keeping in mind the conductivity of synthetic plasma, astable multivibrator as well as differential amplifier circuit were demonstrated. The circuits were given normal input voltages at regular temperature and ideal conditions. The result shows desired response which supports the novel concept. For both the circuits, phase shift of 180° achieved by analysing biological electronic circuits.
Oxidative Stress Alleviation by Sage Essential Oil in Co-amoxiclav induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats.
El-Hosseiny LS, Alqurashy NN, Sheweita SA
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Jun · PMID 27493593
Clinical studies have shown that several classes of antibiotics are evidenced in drug induced liver injury. The combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid is commonly cited in such cases. Accordingly, the present st...
Clinical studies have shown that several classes of antibiotics are evidenced in drug induced liver injury. The combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid is commonly cited in such cases. Accordingly, the present study investigated the potential hepatoprotective and in vivo antioxidant efficacy of sage essential oil in Co-amoxiclav induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Sage essential oil was hydrodistilled from the aerial parts of Salvia officinalis L. and its compositional analysis was characterized by Gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy. Rats were treated singly or concomitantly with Co-amoxiclav and sage essential oil for a period of seven days. The major components of sage oil as identified by GC-MS were 1,8-cineole, β-pinene, camphor, β-caryophyllene, α-pinene and α-caryophyllene comprising 26.3%, 14.4%, 10.9%, 7.8%, 6% and 2.5% respectively. The in vivo exposure of rats to Co-amoxiclav resulted in hepatotoxicity biochemically evidenced by the significant elevation of serum AST, ALT, ALP, γ-GT, total bilirubin and histologically conveyed by hydropic, inflammatory and cholestatic changes in rats' liver. Oxidative stress mediated the hepatic injury as indicated by the significant escalation in lipid peroxidation, as well as, the significant depletion of both glutathione level and glutathione dependent enzymes' activities. The concomitant administration of sage essential oil with Co-amoxiclav exerted a hepatoprotective effect via inducing an in vivo antioxidant defense response eventually regressing, to some extent, the hepatoarchitectural changes induced by Co-amoxiclav. Results suggest that sage essential oil is a potential candidate for counteracting hepatic injury associating Co-amoxiclav and this effect is in part related to the complexity of its chemical composition.
Self-rated Health and Internet Addiction in Iranian Medical Sciences Students; Prevalence, Risk Factors and Complications.
Mohammadbeigi A, Valizadeh F, Mirshojaee SR … +6 more , Ahmadli R, Mokhtari M, Ghaderi E, Ahmadi A, Rezaei H, Ansari H
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Jun · PMID 27493592
INTRODUCTION: Self-rated health is a brief measure for general health. It is a comprehensive and sensitive index for prediction of health in future. Due to the high internet usage in medical students, the current study d...
INTRODUCTION: Self-rated health is a brief measure for general health. It is a comprehensive and sensitive index for prediction of health in future. Due to the high internet usage in medical students, the current study designed to evaluate the self-rated health (SRH) in relationship with internet addiction risk factors in medical students. METHODS: This cross sectional study conducted on 254 students of Qom University of Medical Sciences 2014. Participants selected by two stage sampling method including stratified and simple random sampling. The Young's questionnaire of internet addiction and SRH question used for data collection. Chi-square, t-test, and logistic regression used in data analysis. RESULTS: More than 79.9% of students reported their general health good and very good. The student's mean score of general health was higher than the average. In addition, the prevalence of internet addiction was 28.7%. An inverse significant correlation observed between SRH and internet addiction score (r=-0.198, p=0.002). Using internet for Entertainment, using private Email and chat rooms were the most important predictors of affecting to internet addiction. Moreover, internet addiction is the most predictors of SRH and increased the odds of bad SRH. CONCLUSION: The good SRH of medical students was higher than general population but in health faculty' students were lower than others. Due to the effect of internet addiction on SRH and increasing trend of internet use in medical students, as well as low age of participants, attention to psychological aspects and the job expectancy in future, can effective on increasing the good SRH.
Accessory Inferior Sulci of the Liver in an Afro-Caribbean Population.
O Cawich S, T Gardner M, Shetty R … +2 more , W Pearce N, Naraynsingh V
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Jun · PMID 27493591
INTRODUCTION: There have been no previous reports on the anatomic variations that exist on inferior surface of the liver in Caribbean populations. This information is important to optimize radiology and hepatobiliary sur...
INTRODUCTION: There have been no previous reports on the anatomic variations that exist on inferior surface of the liver in Caribbean populations. This information is important to optimize radiology and hepatobiliary surgical services in the region. METHODS: Two investigators independently observed 69 cadaveric dissections over five years and described the variations in surface anatomy. RESULTS: In this population 88% of cadaveric livers had conventional hepatic surface anatomy. However, 12% had accessory sulci present on the visceral surface of the liver, with a 7:1 male preponderance. When present, there was 100% correlation between the presence of Rouvière's sulcus and the right branch of portal pedicle. CONCLUSION: Abnormal surface anatomy is present in 12% of unselected specimens in this Caribbean population. Interventional radiologists and hepatobiliary surgeons practicing in the Caribbean must be cognizant of these differences in order to minimize morbidity during invasive procedures.
IL-2 Expression and T lymphocyte Phenotyping in Young Children Suffering from Upper Respiratory Tract Infection with Streptococcus Pyogenes.
Guadalupe Ramirez-Valles E, Dayali Gutierrez-Martinez V, Cervantes-Flores M … +2 more , Ruiz-Baca E, Alvarado-Esquivel C
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Jun · PMID 27493590
T cells are components of adaptive immunity and are involved in the resolution of respiratory infections, which are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in young children worldwide. Activation and differentiation of...
T cells are components of adaptive immunity and are involved in the resolution of respiratory infections, which are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in young children worldwide. Activation and differentiation of T cells is given mostly by the cytokine IL-2. This study aimed to determine the phenotype of T cells and IL-2 expression in children suffering from upper respiratory tract infection with Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes). For this purpose, IL-2 expression at its gene and protein levels and quantitation of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes were assessed in children aged 0-5 years old suffering from upper respiratory tract infection with S. pyogenes and healthy children of the same age. Children with S. pyogenes infection had a higher expression of IL-2 gene and a lower level of this cytokine expression at protein level than healthy children. The numbers of CD4(+) T lymphocytes were similar among the groups. In contrast, difference in the numbers of CD8(+) T lymphocytes among the groups was found. We conclude that infections by S. pyogenes in young children lead to an increased expression of IL-2 mRNA.
Leptospira Exposure and Patients with Liver Diseases: A Case-Control Seroprevalence Study.
Alvarado-Esquivel C, Sánchez-Anguiano LF, Hernández-Tinoco J … +3 more , Ramos-Nevárez A, Margarita Cerrillo-Soto S, Alberto Guido-Arreola C
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Jun · PMID 27493589
The seroepidemiology of Leptospira infection in patients suffering from liver disease has been poorly studied. Information about risk factors associated with infection in liver disease patients may help in the optimal pl...
The seroepidemiology of Leptospira infection in patients suffering from liver disease has been poorly studied. Information about risk factors associated with infection in liver disease patients may help in the optimal planning of preventive measures. We sought to determine the association of Leptospira IgG seroprevalence and patients with liver diseases, and to determine the characteristics of the patients with Leptospira exposure. We performed a case-control study of 75 patients suffering from liver diseases and 150 age- and gender-matched control subjects. Diagnoses of liver disease included liver cirrhosis, steatosis, chronic hepatitis, acute hepatitis, and amoebic liver abscess. Sera of participants were analyzed for the presence of anti- Leptospira IgG antibodies using a commercially available enzyme immunoassay. Anti-Leptospira IgG antibodies were found in 17 (22.7%) of 75 patients and in 15 (10.0%) of 150 control subjects (OR = 2.32; 95% CI: 1.09-4.94; P=0.03). This is the first age- and gender-matched case control study about Leptospira seroprevalence in patients with liver diseases. Results indicate that Leptospira infection is associated with chronic and acute liver diseases. Results warrants for additional studies on the role of Leptospira exposure in chronic liver disease.
Total Body Capacitance for Estimating Human Basal Metabolic Rate in an Egyptian Population.
M Abdel-Mageed S, I Mohamed E
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Mar · PMID 27127453
Determining basal metabolic rate (BMR) is important for estimating total energy needs in the human being yet, concerns have been raised regarding the suitability of sex-specific equations based on age and weight for its...
Determining basal metabolic rate (BMR) is important for estimating total energy needs in the human being yet, concerns have been raised regarding the suitability of sex-specific equations based on age and weight for its calculation on an individual or population basis. It has been shown that body cell mass (BCM) is the body compartment responsible for BMR. The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between total body capacitance (TBC), which is considered as an expression for BCM, and BMR and to develop a formula for calculating BMR in comparison with widely used equations. Fifty healthy nonsmoking male volunteers [mean age (± SD): 24.93 ± 4.15 year and body mass index (BMI): 25.63 ± 3.59 kg/m(2)] and an equal number of healthy nonsmoking females matched for age and BMI were recruited for the study. TBC and BMR were measured for all participants using octopolar bioelectric impedance analysis and indirect calorimetry techniques, respectively. A significant regressing equation based on the covariates: sex, weight, and TBC for estimating BMR was derived (R=0.96, SEE=48.59 kcal, and P<0.0001), which will be useful for nutritional and health status assessment for both individuals and populations.
Unhappiness with the Fetal Gender is associated with Depression in Adult Pregnant Women Attending Prenatal Care in a Public Hospital in Durango, Mexico.
Alvarado-Esquivel C, Sifuentes-Alvarez A, Salas-Martinez C
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Mar · PMID 27127452
Depression during pregnancy has been scantily studied in Mexican women. We aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of depression in adult pregnant women attending a public hospital in the northern Mexican city o...
Depression during pregnancy has been scantily studied in Mexican women. We aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of depression in adult pregnant women attending a public hospital in the northern Mexican city of Durango, Mexico. Through a cross-sectional study design, we assessed depression in 270 adult pregnant women attended for prenatal care in a public hospital using a validated Mexican version of the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale in pregnancy and further confirmation by a psychiatric evaluation using the DSM-IV criteria for depression. Prevalence association with socio-demographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics of the pregnant women was also investigated. Of the 270 pregnant women studied, 101 (37.4%) had EPDS scores equal to or higher than nine. Depression was confirmed in 56 (20.7%) women. Of them, 42 suffered from minor depression and 14 from major depression. Multivariate analysis of socio-demographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics of the women showed that depression was associated with depression before pregnancy (OR = 3.36; 95% CI: 1.20-9.40; P=0.02), anxiety during pregnancy (OR = 9.38; 95% CI: 1.87-46.96; P=0.006), smoking (OR = 25.05; 95% CI: 1.77-353.07; P=0.01), unhappy with the fetal sex (OR = 8.53; 95% CI: 2.46-29.48; P<0.001), and unintended pregnancy (OR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.07-7.86; P=0.03). Results indicate that about one fifth of the pregnant women studied had confirmed depression. This is the first report of an association of prenatal depression with unhappiness with the fetal sex. Factors associated with prenatal depression found in this study may help for the optimal design of preventive measures against prenatal depression.
Involvement of Nitric Oxide on Calcium Mobilization and Arachidonic Acid Pathway Activation during Platelet Aggregation with different aggregating agonists.
Banerjee D, Mazumder S, Kumar Sinha A
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Mar · PMID 27127451
Platelet aggregation by different aggregating agonists is essential in the normal blood coagulation process, the excess of which caused acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In all cases, the activation of arachidonic acid by c...
Platelet aggregation by different aggregating agonists is essential in the normal blood coagulation process, the excess of which caused acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In all cases, the activation of arachidonic acid by cycloxygenase was needed for the synthesis of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) but the mechanism of arachidonic acid release in platelets remains obscure. Studies were conducted to determine the role of nitric oxide (NO), if any, on the release of arachidonic acid in platelets. The cytosolic Ca(2+) was visualized and quantitated by fluorescent spectroscopy by using QUIN-2. NO was measured by methemoglobin method. Arachidonic acid was determined by HPLC. TXA2 was measured as ThromboxaneB2 (TXB2) by ELISA. Treatment of platelets in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with different aggregating agents resulted in the inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) which inhibited the production of NO synthesis and increased TXA2 synthesis. Furthermore, the treatment of washed PRP with different platelet aggregating agents resulted in the increase of [Ca(2+)] in nM ranges. In contrast, the pre-treatment of washed PRP with aspirin increased platelet NO level and inhibited the Ca(2+) mobilization and TXA2 synthesis. These results indicated that the aggregation of platelets by different aggregating agonists was caused by the cytosolic Ca(2+) mobilization due to the inhibition of NOS.
Peruvian Maca (Lepidium peruvianum): (II) Phytochemical Profiles of Four Prime Maca Phenotypes Grown in Two Geographically-Distant Locations.
O Meissner H, Mscisz A, Piatkowska E … +5 more , Baraniak M, Mielcarek S, Kedzia B, Holderna-Kedzia E, Pisulewski P
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Mar · PMID 27127450
Peruvian Maca crops (Lepidium peruvianum), grown in two geographically-distant cultivation sites located at similar altitudes in the highlands of the Peruvian Andes (Junin at 4,200 m a.s.l. and Ancash 4,150 m a.s.l.), we...
Peruvian Maca crops (Lepidium peruvianum), grown in two geographically-distant cultivation sites located at similar altitudes in the highlands of the Peruvian Andes (Junin at 4,200 m a.s.l. and Ancash 4,150 m a.s.l.), were used in the study. Four prime Maca phenotypes, distinguished by hypocotyl colours labelled as "Yellow", "Purple", "Red" and "Black" were selected to determine distribution in levels and corresponding ratios between individual Glucosinolates (Glucotropaeolin and m-methylglucotropaeolin) in an attempt to identify four Peruvian Maca phenotypes from analyses of powdered hypocotyls. There were highly significant differences (P<0.01) in hypocotyl weight/size of four Maca phenotypes harvested in two locations. The Junin crop represented a mostly "large" class (13.3 g) with "small" size hypocotyls (7.2 g), while a "small" class was predominant in Ancash (3.5 g). Powdered Yellow Maca showed significantly higher (P<0.001) microbial contamination than the other three, with Black Maca being the least infected. Only minor, statistically-confirmed differences were detected in nutritive characteristics between the four Maca phenotypes grown in Junin, however highly significant differences (P<0.01) in Glucosinolates existed between the Red and Black Maca grown in Junin and Ancash. Irrespective of the cultivation location, Red phenotypes showed the highest content of Total Glucosinolates, followed by Black and Purple, with the Yellow phenotype showing consistently lower levels. Highly significant P<0.01) differences determined in ratios of individual Glucosinolates between four Maca phenotypes grown in two locations, confirms an earlier assumption that sums of individual Glucosinolates, their ratios and profiles, may be feasible to explore in analytically identifying individual Maca phenotypes in pulverised marketed Maca products.
Genetic Variation of Fatty Acid Oxidation and Obesity, A Literature Review.
Freitag Luglio H
Int J Biomed Sci · 2016 Mar · PMID 27127449
Modulation of fat metabolism is an important component of the etiology of obesity as well as individual response to weight loss program. The influence of lipolysis process had receives many attentions in recent decades....
Modulation of fat metabolism is an important component of the etiology of obesity as well as individual response to weight loss program. The influence of lipolysis process had receives many attentions in recent decades. Compared to that, fatty acid oxidation which occurred after lipolysis seems to be less exposed. There are limited publications on how fatty acid oxidation influences predisposition to obesity, especially the importance of genetic variations of fatty acid oxidation proteins on development of obesity. The aim of this review is to provide recent knowledge on how polymorphism of genes related fatty acid oxidation is obtained. Studies in human as well as animal model showed that disturbance of genes related fatty acid oxidation process gave impact on body weight and risks to obesity. Several polymorphisms on CD36, CPT, ACS and FABP had been shown to be related to obesity either by regulating enzymatic activity or directly influence fatty acid oxidation process.
Improved Chromatographic Separation of Sitagliptin Phosphate and Metformin Hydrochloride.
Hendy MS
Int J Biomed Sci · 2015 Dec · PMID 26759536
New UPLC method was developed for determination of sitagliptin and metformin using Symmetry C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 2.2 μm) and isocratic elution (methanol 20%), pH (3.5) as a mobile phase. The ultraviolet detector...
New UPLC method was developed for determination of sitagliptin and metformin using Symmetry C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 2.2 μm) and isocratic elution (methanol 20%), pH (3.5) as a mobile phase. The ultraviolet detector was operated at 220 nm and the column temperature was 50°C. Linearity parameters were acceptable over the concentration ranges of 2-12 μgml(-1) and 5-35 μgml(-1) for sitagliptin and metformin, respectively. The variables were premeditated to adjust the chromatographic conditions using design of experiment. The proposed method was proved to be accurate for the quality control of the mentioned drugs in their pharmaceutical dosage form.
Enhanced Chromatographic Determination of Nicotine in Human Plasma: Applied to Human Volunteers.
Ayoub BM, Mohamady S, Hendy MS … +1 more , Elmazar MM
Int J Biomed Sci · 2015 Dec · PMID 26759535
Development of enhanced UPLC-UV method for determination of nicotine in human plasma was achieved on a Symmetry(®) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 2.2 μm) applying isocratic elution based on Methanol: Acetonitrile: Phosphat...
Development of enhanced UPLC-UV method for determination of nicotine in human plasma was achieved on a Symmetry(®) C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 2.2 μm) applying isocratic elution based on Methanol: Acetonitrile: Phosphate Buffer (pH: 2.7) with the ratio (20:30:50, v/v/v) as a mobile phase. The ultraviolet detector was operated at 260 nm. The mobile phase was pumped through the column at a flow rate of 0.2 mL min(-1). The column temperature was adjusted to 50ºC and the injection volume was 2 μL. Quinine was selected as an internal standard (IS) due to its structure similarity to nicotine having basic pyridine ring to optimize the liquid liquid extraction procedure using diethyl ether coupled with vacuum evaporation at 40°C. Validation parameters for nicotine were found to be acceptable over the concentration range of 2.5-50 ng ml(-1). The application of the proposed method on four healthy human volunteers was approved by the ethical committee. The study was carried out under fasting conditions and the concerned subjects were informed about the objectives and possible risks involved in the study. The proposed method proved to be simple and fast which is a major advantage to analyze large number of samples per day using the accelerated vacuum evaporation technique. The method showed satisfactory data for all the parameters tested within the limits for bioanalytical assays. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) permits the application of the method for further pharmacological and clinical studies.
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