Experimental Aging Research[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Increase in Linguistic Complexity in Older Adults During COVID-19.
Karabin M, Kyröläinen AJ, Kuperman V
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36892044 · Publisher ↗
The reported psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related public health measures included a decline in cognitive functioning in older adults. Cognitive functioning is known to correlate with the lexical and...
The reported psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related public health measures included a decline in cognitive functioning in older adults. Cognitive functioning is known to correlate with the lexical and syntactic complexity of an individual's linguistic productions. We examined written narratives from the CoSoWELL corpus (v 1.0), collected from over 1,000 U.S. and Canadian older adults (55+ y.o.) before and during the first year of the pandemic. We expected a decrease in the linguistic complexity of the narratives, given the oft-reported reduction in cognitive functioning associated with COVID-19. Contrary to this expectation, all measures of linguistic complexity showed a steady from the pre-pandemic level throughout the first year of the global lockdown. We discuss possible reasons for this boost in light of existing theories of cognition and offer a speculative link between the finding and reports of increased creativity during the pandemic.
Interoception, Affect, and Cognition in Older Adults.
Haustein M, Thomas EBK, Scheer K … +1 more , Denburg NL
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36871576 · Full text
Interoception is the detection of signals that arise from within the body. Interoceptive sensitivity has been found to be associated with affect and cognition among younger adults, and examination of these relationships...
Interoception is the detection of signals that arise from within the body. Interoceptive sensitivity has been found to be associated with affect and cognition among younger adults, and examination of these relationships in older adult samples is beginning to emerge. Here, we take an exploratory approach to determine how demographic, affective, and cognitive variables relate to interoceptive sensitivity in neurologically normal older adults, aged 60-91 years old. Ninety-one participants completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, self-report questionnaires, and a heartbeat counting task to measure interoceptive sensitivity. Our findings revealed several relationships: 1) interoceptive sensitivity was inversely correlated with measures of positive emotionality: participants with higher interoceptive sensitivity tended to have lower levels of positive affect and trait extraversion; 2) interoceptive sensitivity was found to positively correlate with cognition: participants who performed better on the heartbeat-counting task also tended to perform better on a measure of delayed verbal memory; and 3) when examining the predictors of interoceptive sensitivity in a single hierarchical regression model, higher interoceptive sensitivity was related to: higher time estimation, lower positive affect, lower extraversion, and higher verbal memory. In total, the model accounted for 38% of the variability in interoceptive sensitivity ( = .38). These results suggest that, among older adults, interoceptive sensitivity is facilitative for aspects of cognition but perhaps disruptive for certain aspects of emotional experience.
The Relationship Between Older Adults' Subjective Age and Perceived Effort on Cognitive Tasks.
Karaca M, Geraci L, Tirso R … +1 more , Aube J
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36814141 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Although engagement in cognitively-demanding activities is beneficial for older adults, research suggests that older adults may be less motivated to engage in these types of activities because of the increase...
BACKGROUND: Although engagement in cognitively-demanding activities is beneficial for older adults, research suggests that older adults may be less motivated to engage in these types of activities because of the increased age-related costs associated with task engagement and their perceptions of the task demands. METHODS: Across three studies, we investigated if older adults' subjective age predicted their perceptions of effort over the course of a working memory task. Younger and older adults reported their subjective age and then completed an increasingly difficult series of working memory trials, indicating perceived task demands and effort after each trial. RESULTS: Results from all three studies showed that there was no age difference in performance or in perceptions of task difficulty, contrary to previous results. Also, there was no significant association between older adults' subjective age and perceived effort, suggesting that subjective age may not be a reliable predictor of perceptions of task demands in older adults. DISCUSSION: Participant characteristics and the testing environment may play a role in determining the relationship between subjective age and perceived effort.
Working Memory Precision and Associative Binding in Mild Cognitive Impairment.
Jia Y, Woltering S, Deutz NEP … +5 more , Engelen MPKJ, Coyle KS, Maio MR, Husain M, Liu ZX
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36755482 · Publisher ↗
To better understand working memory (WM) deficits in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), we examined information precision and associative binding in WM in 21 participants with MCI, compared to 16 healthy controls, using an...
To better understand working memory (WM) deficits in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), we examined information precision and associative binding in WM in 21 participants with MCI, compared to 16 healthy controls, using an item-location delayed reproduction task. WM, along with other executive functions (i.e. Trail Making Task (TMT) and Stroop task), were measured before and after a 2-h nap. The napping manipulation was intended as an exploratory element to this study exploring potential impacts of napping on executive functions.Compared to healthy participants, participants with MCI exhibited inferior performance not only in identifying encoded WM items but also on item-location associative binding and location precision even when only one item was involved. We also found changes on TMT and Stroop tasks in MCI, reflecting inferior attention and inhibitory control. Post-napping performance improved in most of these WM and other executive measures, both in MCI and their healthy peers.Our study shows that associative binding and WM precision can reliably differentiate MCIs from their healthy peers. Additionally, most measures showed no differential effect of group pre- and post-napping. These findings may contribute to better understanding cognitive deficits in MCI therefore improving the diagnosis of MCI.
Age-Related Differences in Overcoming Interference When Selectively Remembering Important Information.
Murphy DH, Castel AD
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36744521 · Full text
We examined the effects of interference on value-based memory in younger and older adults by presenting participants with lists of words paired with point values counting toward their score if recalled. In Experiment 1,...
We examined the effects of interference on value-based memory in younger and older adults by presenting participants with lists of words paired with point values counting toward their score if recalled. In Experiment 1, we created a situation where there was a buildup of interference such that participants could recall words from any studied list to earn points. However, to increase participants' motivation to combat interference, we told participants that if they recalled words from previously studied lists, those words would be worth double the original point value of the word. In Experiment 2, to examine age-related differences in the absence of any interference, participants studied and were tested on the same set of words throughout several study-test cycles. The buildup of interference caused by participants needing to recall both just-studied and previously studied words in Experiment 1 impaired selectivity in older adults relative to younger adults and this effect was particularly pronounced when considering the recall of just prior-list words. However, in the absence of interference, there was not an overall recall deficit or any selectivity impairments in older adults. Thus, proactive and retroactive interference seem to be largely responsible for age-related deficits in selective memory for important information.
Digital Methods for Performing Daily Tasks Among Older Adults: An Initial Report of Frequency of Use and Perceived Utility.
Benge JF, Aguirre A, Scullin MK … +5 more , Kiselica A, Hilsabeck RC, Paydarfar D, Thomaz E, Douglas M
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36739553 · Full text
OBJECTIVE: Digital technologies permit new ways of performing instrumental activities of daily living (iADLs) for older adults, but these approaches are not usually considered in existing iADL measures. The current study...
OBJECTIVE: Digital technologies permit new ways of performing instrumental activities of daily living (iADLs) for older adults, but these approaches are not usually considered in existing iADL measures. The current study investigated how a sample of older adults report using digital versus analog approaches for iADLs. METHOD: 248 older adults completed the Digital and Analog Daily Activities Survey, a newly developed measure of how an individual performs financial, navigation, medication, and other iADLs. RESULTS: The majority of participants reported regularly using digital methods for some iADLs, such as paying bills (67.7%) and using GPS (67.7%). Low digital adopters were older than high adopters (F(2, 245) = 12.24, < .001), but otherwise the groups did not differ in terms of gender, years of education, or history of neurological disorders. Participants who used digital methods relatively more than analog methods reported greater levels of satisfaction with their approach and fewer daily errors. CONCLUSIONS: Many older adults have adopted digital technologies for supporting daily tasks, which suggests limitations to the validity of current iADL assessments. By capitalizing on existing habits and enriching environments with new technologies, there are opportunities to promote technological reserve in older adults in a manner that sustains daily functioning.
Effect of 12-Week-Zumba Training on Postural Balance, Lower Limb Strength, Mood and Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women.
Lahiani M, Ben Waer F, Chaari F … +2 more , Rebai H, Sahli S
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36726273 · Publisher ↗
We aimed to investigate 12-week-Zumba training effects on physical and psychological parameters, and quality of life (QoL) in postmenopausal women. Forty-two postmenopausal women were randomly allocated to a control grou...
We aimed to investigate 12-week-Zumba training effects on physical and psychological parameters, and quality of life (QoL) in postmenopausal women. Forty-two postmenopausal women were randomly allocated to a control group or a Zumba group (ZG). Postural balance, lower limb strength, mood level, and QoL were assessed before and after the 12-week-Zumba training. The ZG showed significantly better balance performances under all conditions such as on firm and foam surfaces with opened and closed eyes as well as improvements in limb strength, mood and QoL compared to their baselines. Thereby, 12-week-Zumba training was effective in improving postural balance, limb strength, mood and, QoL in postmenopausal women.
Age and Gender Differences in the Borrowing of Personal Stories.
Udry J, Becerra J, Kim H … +1 more , Barber SJ
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36709762 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: In prior research, about half of undergraduate students claimed to have "borrowed" a story, by telling someone else's autobiographical memory as if it was their own. Given that borrowing stories often involve...
BACKGROUND: In prior research, about half of undergraduate students claimed to have "borrowed" a story, by telling someone else's autobiographical memory as if it was their own. Given that borrowing stories often involves intentional fabrication, and given that there are age-related declines in lying, we hypothesized that reports of intentionally borrowing stories should decline with age. METHODS: We recruited participants who ranged in age from 18 to 86 and asked them to complete an online retrospective survey about borrowing stories. RESULTS: Consistent with our hypothesis, older age was associated with lower reports of borrowing stories. Furthermore, among people who did report borrowing a story, older age was associated with less frequent story borrowing and less recent story borrowing. CONCLUSION: These findings highlight the importance of using age-diverse samples when examining social memory phenomena. Findings based upon undergraduate students do not always replicate in other age groups.
Association Between Body Mass Index and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults in India: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study.
Roy A
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36701477 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function among older adults in India. METHODS: Cross-sectional data on 21,000 older adults aged 60 years and older from th...
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function among older adults in India. METHODS: Cross-sectional data on 21,000 older adults aged 60 years and older from the first wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Study of India (LASI), conducted in India during 2017-18, were used. Bivariate analysis and multivariate linear regression models were applied. The cognition tests include memory, orientation, arithmetic function, executive function, and object naming. RESULTS: The mean overall cognition score was 24.6 in the study population. Further, BMI status showed a significant and positive association with cognition. The association of underweight with poor cognition (β=-0.72; 95% CI = -0.89, -0.54) whereas overweight (β = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.39, 0.75) and obese (β = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.68, 1.26) with better cognition remained statistically significant after adjusting for sociodemographic, health-related behavior, and health covariates. The mean cognition score of female older adults was always lower than male older adults with normal BMI, irrespective of their BMI categories. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that an underweight BMI is associated with poor cognition in both male and female older adults. In the context of providing health care for older individuals, underweight individuals should be given more attention in India.
Age Differences in Gaze Following: Older Adults Follow Gaze More than Younger Adults When free-viewing Scenes.
Fernandes EG, Tatler BW, Slessor G … +1 more , Phillips LH
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36572660 · Publisher ↗
Previous research investigated age differences in gaze following with an attentional cueing paradigm where participants view a face with averted gaze, and then respond to a target appearing in a location congruent or inc...
Previous research investigated age differences in gaze following with an attentional cueing paradigm where participants view a face with averted gaze, and then respond to a target appearing in a location congruent or incongruent with the gaze cue. However, this paradigm is far removed from the way we use gaze cues in everyday settings. Here we recorded the eye movements of younger and older adults while they freely viewed naturalistic scenes where a person looked at an object or location. Older adults were more likely to fixate and made more fixations to the gazed-at location, compared to younger adults. Our findings suggest that, contrary to what was observed in the traditional gaze-cueing paradigm, in a non-constrained task that uses contextualized stimuli older adults follow gaze as much as or even more than younger adults.
Olfactory Dysfunction Associated with Cognitive Decline in an Elderly Population.
Alotaibi M, Lessard-Beaudoin M, Busch K … +3 more , Loudghi A, Gaudreau P, Graham RK
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36545820 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: In many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer disease, early olfactory dysfunction is observed. OBJECTIVE: In order to determine if deficits in olfactory memory are present in the elderly and if olfacto...
BACKGROUND: In many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer disease, early olfactory dysfunction is observed. OBJECTIVE: In order to determine if deficits in olfactory memory are present in the elderly and if olfactory dysfunction correlates with cognitive impairment in the aging population, olfactory testing has been done on seniors from the NuAge cohort accepting to participate in the Olfactory Response Cognition and Aging (ORCA) secondary sub-study. The t-Mini Mental Statement Examination and the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status tests were done to assess cognition levels. RESULTS: Overall, 94% of the ORCA cohort displayed olfactory dysfunction. Deficits in olfactory memory were also present. A correlation was observed between olfactory function and cognitive test scores. Moreover, in women who smoked, there was an association between olfactory memory and cognitive scores. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that olfactory dysfunction may predict impending cognitive decline and highlights the need for olfactory training in seniors to improve olfaction and overall well-being.
Metamemory Mediates the Effects of Age on Episodic and Working Memory across the Adult Lifespan.
Cansino S, Torres-Trejo F, Estrada-Manilla C … +1 more , Ruiz Velasco S
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36511613 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have examined the direct relationship between metamemory and memory performance in young and older adults, but the results of these studies have been inconsistent. Therefore, we examined whet...
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have examined the direct relationship between metamemory and memory performance in young and older adults, but the results of these studies have been inconsistent. Therefore, we examined whether metamemory mediates the effects of age on memory performance. METHODS: We examined episodic memory and working memory through computerized tasks performed by a lifespan sample of 1554 healthy adults. Seven metamemory traits were measured with the Metamemory in Adulthood (MIA) questionnaire. Separate structural equation modeling analyses were conducted to investigate potential metamemory mediators that intervened between age and the accuracy and speed of accessing information from episodic and working memory. RESULTS: The use of internal or external strategies mediated the effects of age on episodic memory and spatial working memory performance. The perception of one's own memory capacity and the experience of anxiety when using memory functions mediated the effects of age on working memory performance in both domains. CONCLUSIONS: Metamemory traits have the power to strengthen or weaken the course of episodic and working memory decline throughout adulthood.
Cognitive Performance following Single- or Multi-Session Exercise Intervention in Middle Age: A Systematic Review.
Ahmed FS, McMillan TM, Guenther BA … +1 more , Dearborn P
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36384438 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Research in modifiable behaviors, like exercise, on risk for dementia is increasing. Although many studies focus on older adults, brain pathology for Alzheimer's Disease can begin in middle age, suggesting an...
BACKGROUND: Research in modifiable behaviors, like exercise, on risk for dementia is increasing. Although many studies focus on older adults, brain pathology for Alzheimer's Disease can begin in middle age, suggesting an ideal target for intervention. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review from exercise intervention studies on cognitive function among healthy, middle-aged participants (45-65). We searched multiple databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Google Scholar) for studies using standard, validated, neuropsychological measures following either single- or multi-session interventions in cognitively-unimpaired, middle-aged adults. RESULTS: We identified 13 eligible studies. There was notable heterogeneity across studies, with varying design, measures, interventions, and results. Results from single-session studies showed improvement in response inhibition, while results for cognitive flexibility were mixed. No significant changes were found on measures of attention, working memory, or processing speed. Results from multi-session studies were more varied. Verbal memory was found to improve while performance on tests of attention and working memory, processing speed, and executive function were mixed. CONCLUSION: Importantly, for both single-session and multi-session studies, there was no standard set of neuropsychological tests administered, making it more difficult to synthesize the findings into a single narrative. We end with a discussion on future directions and implementation.
Cognitive Status is Better in Older Adults under Colchicine Treatment: A Case-Control Study.
Okyar Baş A, Yardımcı GK, Güner Oytun M … +8 more , Ceylan S, Kahyaoğlu Z, Öztürk Y, Çöteli S, Halil MG, Cankurtaran M, Kılıç L, Doğu Yavuz BB
Exp Aging Res · 2024 · PMID 36373385 · Publisher ↗
PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate the effects of colchicine, an important anti-inflammatory agent, on cognitive functions in a geriatric population diagnosed with gout or osteoarthritis by comparing it to non-colchicine u...
PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate the effects of colchicine, an important anti-inflammatory agent, on cognitive functions in a geriatric population diagnosed with gout or osteoarthritis by comparing it to non-colchicine users. METHODS: 138 geriatric patients (67 colchicine users and 71 non-users) were enrolled. Within comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), cognitive status assessment via Mini-Mental State Examination test (MMSE), Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screening test (Qmci), clock drowning test (CDT), and digit span tests were performed. RESULTS: Median age was 68 (65-72), and there were 82 female (59.4%) patients. The scores of CDT, Backward Digit Span Test, MMSE-Total, MMSE-Attention, MMSE-Motor Function, Qmci-Total Score, Qmci-Clock drawing, and Qmci-Logical Memory were significantly higher in the colchicine user group (p < .005), showing better cognitive function. Adjusted model analysis showed that colchicine usage is independently correlated with higher Qmci-Total Score and Qmci-Logical Memory Score (For Qmci total score β = 7.87 95%CI = 5.48-10.27, p = <0.0001, and for Qmci Logical memory score β = 3.52, 95%CI = 2.12-4.91, p = <0.0001). CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study revealing that colchicine usage is associated with better cognitive performance in older adults. Further investigations with a prospective, larger-sampled and randomized design are needed to show the causal relationship between colchicine and cognition.
Older Adults Show Intraindividual Variation in the Use of Predictive Processing.
Jongman SR, Copeland A, Xu Y … +2 more , Payne BR, Federmeier KD
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 36326075 · Full text
BACKGROUND: The use of prediction can aid language comprehension through preactivation of relevant word features. However, predictions can be wrong, and it has been proposed that resolving the mismatch between the predic...
BACKGROUND: The use of prediction can aid language comprehension through preactivation of relevant word features. However, predictions can be wrong, and it has been proposed that resolving the mismatch between the predicted and presented item requires cognitive resources. Older adults tend not to predict and instead rely more on passive comprehension. Here, we tested, using an intraindividual approach, whether older adults consistently use this less demanding processing strategy while reading or whether they attempt to predict on some trials. METHODS: We used a cross-task conflict paradigm. Younger and older participants self-paced to read sentences that ended with either an expected or unexpected word. Each sentence was then followed by a flanker stimulus that could be congruent or incongruent. We examined responses within and across the two tasks. RESULTS: Unexpected words were in general read as quickly as expected words, indicating that typical processing of these words was similar. However, for both younger and older adults, there was a greater proportion of very slow trials for unexpected words, revealing different processing on a subset of trials. Critically, in older adults, these slowly read unexpected words engaged control, as seen in speeded responses to incongruent flanker stimuli. CONCLUSION: Using a cross-task conflict paradigm, we showed that older adults are able to predict and engage cognitive resources to cope with prediction violations, but do not opt to use these processes consistently.
Bringing Order to Life: Temporal Order Effects during the Recall of Important Autobiographical Memories in Young and Old Adults.
Nusser L, Wolf T, Zimprich D
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 36323628 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated whether younger and older adults differ in the extent to which they order their important autobiographical memories (AMs) in a chronological way during recall. Moreover, the numb...
OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated whether younger and older adults differ in the extent to which they order their important autobiographical memories (AMs) in a chronological way during recall. Moreover, the number of autobiographical memories to be recalled was systematically varied in order to examine whether manipulating the size of the search sample affects the use of a chronological recall strategy. METHODS: Data come from 118 younger adults ( = 23.12, = 3.33) and 124 older adults ( = 69.79, = 8.94) who recalled either seven or thirteen important AMs. RESULTS: Using multilevel linear growth models, a temporal order effect for younger and older adults was found. For older adults, the temporal order effect was much more pronounced. The number of recalled events, however, did not affect the temporal order effect. CONCLUSION: Our findings point to a higher need for a structured search or a stronger engagement in autobiographical reasoning processes in older age. Furthermore, asking for important AMs encourages participants to provide a comprehensive overview of their life independent of the number of important AMs to be recalled.
Affective Theory of Mind in Late Adulthood: The Role of Emotion Complexity and Social Relatedness.
Stutesman MG, Frye DA
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 36284488 · Publisher ↗
BACKGROUND: Age-related declines in adult affective theory of mind (AToM) have been discovered. However, AToM measures have not accounted for emotional state complexity involved in AToM. Measures have also not accounted...
BACKGROUND: Age-related declines in adult affective theory of mind (AToM) have been discovered. However, AToM measures have not accounted for emotional state complexity involved in AToM. Measures have also not accounted for different types of relationships - friends versus strangers - for which AToM is employed, which is important considering the limited social networks of aging adults. OBJECTIVE: We address these issues and examine the emotion complexity, social-relatedness, and contextual relevance in AToM across adult ages (18-89 years) using a new task and two well-established measures. RESULTS: The new task displayed good structural fit and internal construct validity. Overall, an age-related decline in AToM was found along with an interaction between age and emotion complexity. For all ages, AToM performance was best for complex emotions. However, as age increased, there was more rapid decline in AToM for more complex emotions than for less complex ones. Surprisingly, AToM performance for strangers was better than for social companions. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest age-related AToM declines are more nuanced than previously understood given that adult age differences are related to emotional state complexity. They indicate that the emotion complexity levels of basic, complex, and self-conscious should be included in AToM assessments. Implications for AToM tasks and development are discussed.
Association Between Neuropsychological Functions and Activities of Daily Living in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment.
Santos Henriques RPD, Tomas-Carus P, Filipe Marmeleira JF
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 36242522 · Publisher ↗
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between performance in neurocognitive variables and daily functioning (basic or b- and instrumental or i-ADL) in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI...
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between performance in neurocognitive variables and daily functioning (basic or b- and instrumental or i-ADL) in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS: A sample of 157 participants with MCI (73.65 ± 7.58 years) completed a battery of tests for assessing ADL and cognitive functions. t-test, Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression (backward stepwise selection) were used for data analyses. RESULTS: Significant correlations were found between b- and i-ADL, and several neuropsychological tests (p < .01). Multivariate analysis showed that difficulties in Blessed Rating Scales (BLS) explained 33.2% of the variation in b-ADL and that this variation rises to 42.9% when BLS is associated with Frontal Assessment Battery Flexibility, Trail Making Test A (TMT-A) and BLS Personality. For i-ADL, BLS and Dementia Rating Scale Total (DRS-T) explained 47.7% of the variation and the inclusion in the model of BLS, DRS-IP (Initiation/Perseveration), TMT-A and BLS Personality explained 53.5% of this variation. Executive functions explained 24.8% of the variation in i-ADL. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive functions are related to i- and b-ADL in people with MCI. The general indicators and those that assess executive functions and verbal- or visual-spatial memory should be considered to predict i-ADL.
Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire for Older Adults.
Yildirim C, Tekgul B, Tonak HA
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 36239324 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: The Activity Diversity Questionnaire consists of 20 items that assess activity diversity using Shannon's entropy. Comparing the relationship between health outcomes and activity diversity is important for o...
INTRODUCTION: The Activity Diversity Questionnaire consists of 20 items that assess activity diversity using Shannon's entropy. Comparing the relationship between health outcomes and activity diversity is important for older adults. There is no scale in Turkish that can be used to evaluate the activity diversity. The aim of this study is to investigate the relevance of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire for Turkish older adults and the effectiveness of its clinical use. METHODS: 220 older adults were included in the study. In order to determine the reliability of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire, internal consistency and test-retest analyzes were applied. Similar scale validity and confirmatory factor analysis were used to determine its validity. RESULTS: The Turkish version of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire showed high levels of internal consistency and test-retest reliability (Cronbach α = 0.868, ICC = 0.93). Statistically positive, moderate (r = 0.47, p < .001) and strong (r = 0.71, p < .001) correlations were found between the Activity Diversity Questionnaire and the Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index and the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, respectively. As a result of Confirmatory Factor Analysis, it was found that the fit index values found acceptable fit compared to the reference values. CONCLUSIONS: The Turkish version of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire has appropriate psychometric properties, including validity and reliability.
Perceived Characteristics of the Built Neighborhood Environment and Negative Self-Rated Health in Brazilian Community-Dwelling Older Adults.
Cândido LM, Vieira LA, de Avelar NCP … +1 more , Danielewicz AL
Exp Aging Res · 2023 · PMID 36239321 · Publisher ↗
INTRODUCTION: Research indicates that self-rated health is associated with worse health outcomes in older adults. Thus, it is important to assess the association between built neighborhoods and self-rated health to estab...
INTRODUCTION: Research indicates that self-rated health is associated with worse health outcomes in older adults. Thus, it is important to assess the association between built neighborhoods and self-rated health to establish strategies to improve the quality of life in the older adult population. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between the perceived characteristics of the built neighborhood and the negative self-rated health in Brazilian community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional study for finite random samples was performed with older adults who used the municipal public health service. The outcome was negative self-rated health using the question "How do you perceive your health?" The regular, bad, and very bad responses were grouped as negative self-perception. The exposure variables were the perceived characteristics of the built neighborhood, which was evaluated by the adapted version of the Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale. RESULTS: A total of 308 older adults were analyzed. Living close to food establishments (OR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.25;0.85), fitness/bodybuilding gyms and/or clubs (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.28;0.93), and safety to walk during the day (OR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.16;0.87) and night (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.26;0.84) were protective against negative self-rated health. CONCLUSION: Therefore, living in neighborhoods with better characteristics was less associated with negative self-rated health, demonstrating the importance of promoting strategies to improve the neighborhood infrastructure and this population's perception of health.
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