Iranian Journal Of Microbiology[JOURNAL]
Sun
200 papers
Synergistic effects of and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi on enhancing cotton growth.
Sultana T, Pindi PK
Iran J Microbiol · 2025 Feb · PMID 40330056 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Telangana district is renowned for its prominence in cotton production, a crop vital to the livelihoods of local farmers. For years, synthetic fertilizers have been relied upon to bolster yield...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Telangana district is renowned for its prominence in cotton production, a crop vital to the livelihoods of local farmers. For years, synthetic fertilizers have been relied upon to bolster yields, but escalating costs have shifted focus towards biofertilizers as a cost-effective and sustainable alternative. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A microbial consortium comprising sp. PKS, sp. PU-7, and AMF was employed. Microbial identification was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Biochemical evaluations of consortium-inoculated plants included measurements of protein, sugar, proline, and chlorophyll levels, along with IAA quantification. RESULTS: A consortium of sp. PU-7, sp. Pks [NCBI OK663003, NCMR-MCC4960], and enhanced Mahyco cultivar growth. Treatment increased plant height, fresh and dry weight, and improved biochemical profiles (reduced proline, elevated IAA, protein, chlorophyll, and sugars). Soil field trials were undertaken in four cotton-producing regions of Mahabubnagar region confirmed for efficacy, with deep black soil promoting phytohormone synthesis (IAA-917.66 ± 2.51) and light black soil (IAA-802 ± 2) enhancing plant growth. CONCLUSION: Given these outcomes, the application of the tested bioinoculants and AMF spores is suggested as an effective strategy to enhance cotton development and yield in the soils of Mahabubnagar, potentially revolutionizing the district's agricultural practices.
Antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilm formation, and virulence genes among atypical enteropathogenic stool isolates in Tehran, Iran.
Halimi S, Rezaei A, Mohebi S … +1 more , Hashemi FB
Iran J Microbiol · 2025 Feb · PMID 40330055 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Enteropathogenic (EPEC) strains are emerging pathogens around the world, particularly among pediatric patients in developing countries, such as Iran. This study aims to examine and compare the...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Enteropathogenic (EPEC) strains are emerging pathogens around the world, particularly among pediatric patients in developing countries, such as Iran. This study aims to examine and compare the characteristics of EPEC isolates from patients, who suffer from diarrhea versus isolates from patients without diarrhea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 734 stool specimens [440 diarrheal (D), and 294 non-diarrheal (ND)] were examined. Thirty-six EPEC isolates (26 D, and 10 ND) were recovered by culture on MacConkey agar, followed by biochemical tests. Using PCR assay, ; and gene profiles of EPEC isolates were confirmed. The antimicrobial resistance was assessed by disk diffusion assay. Biofilm formation was assessed using a standard semi-quantitative microtiter plate assay. Virulence-associated genes, and were detected. RESULTS: comprised 14% of all isolates were EPEC isolates that showed the highest sensitivity to imipenem (IPM) (100%) and gentamicin (GEN) (89%). However, susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole or trimethoprim\sulfamethoxazole (SXT) was only 28% and 39%, respectively. About 61% of isolates produced Moderate Biofilm (MB), and the frequency of Weak Biofilm (WB) formers (27%) was higher among D and ND isolates, which carried virulence genes more frequently than D isolates. CONCLUSION: Preventive measures by public health authorities can thwart the imminent crisis of widespread zoonotic contamination of the food chain in Iran. Our results may help clinicians make optimal therapeutic choices during the treatment of patients with severe EPEC infections, and assist epidemiologists devise policies for effective control of outbreaks.
Exploring the antimicrobial potential of two haloarchaeal strains belonging to the genera and isolated from the Algerian Sahara.
Quadri I, Hassani II, Hacène H
Iran J Microbiol · 2025 Feb · PMID 40330054 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Halophilic archaea commonly produce antimicrobial peptides (halocins), but only a few studies have been conducted on these molecules. This study explores the antimicrobial potential of two stra...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Halophilic archaea commonly produce antimicrobial peptides (halocins), but only a few studies have been conducted on these molecules. This study explores the antimicrobial potential of two strains belonging to and genera, isolated from hypersaline environments in the Algerian Sahara. Antimicrobial compounds produced by these genera have rarely been studied before. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The antimicrobial activity of the strains was evaluated, along with the effects of UV radiation and culture conditions on growth and compound production. Stability assays and the effects of extracted compounds on target cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were assessed. RESULTS: The strains exhibited high anti-archaeal activities and cross-domain interactions. Producing extracellular compounds associated with halocin, in the cell-free supernatant (CFS). These compounds remained stable at different temperatures (4°C, 60°C, 80°C, and 100°C) and different pH ranges (4-10 and 5-11), with antimicrobial profiles changed in response to UV light. The active compounds resembled known halocins but displayed unique features suggesting the discovery of new halocins. Additionally, extracts showed significant activity against PBMC. CONCLUSION: This investigation confirms that Algerian saline soils are a promising source of interesting antimicrobial compounds.
Immunological efficiency of type b polyribosyl ribitol phosphate combined with detoxified lipooligosaccharide in a rabbit model.
Arsang A, Siadat SD, Saberpour M … +1 more , Nojoomi F
Iran J Microbiol · 2025 Feb · PMID 40330053 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: type b could cause severe life-threatening infections in children. Combine vaccines have reduced invasive diseases, but disease management is still necessary. The aim of this research was to...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: type b could cause severe life-threatening infections in children. Combine vaccines have reduced invasive diseases, but disease management is still necessary. The aim of this research was to evaluate the immunological efficiency of polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate combined with detoxified lipooligosaccharide (PRP-dLOS) in a rabbit model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PRP purification, LOS extraction, and endotoxin evaluation were performed using modified CY medium, hot phenol, and limulus amebocyte lysate methods, respectively. Rabbit groups were immunized with PRP (10 μg), dLOS (20 μg), and PRP-dLOS combine (10 μg+20 μg) three times on days 0, 14, and 28. Serum samples were acquired on days 0, 14, and 28 post-immunization, then IgM and IgG levels were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The concentrations of PRP, dLOS, and endotoxin were 1160 mg/L, 440 μg/mL, and 1450 EU/mL, respectively. PRP-dLOS combine led to a significant increase in IgG and IgM levels on days 14 and 28 post-immunization. After immunization with PRP-dLOS combine, serum levels of IgM and IgG increased from 16.8 to 29.3 μg/mL and 29.8 to 61.4 μg/mL, respectively from day 14 to day 28. CONCLUSION: PRP-dLOS combine is a promising approach for Hib management without the fear of delay in immune responses and interference with other vaccines.
Ceftazidime-avibactam activity against and .
Sachu A, David A
Iran J Microbiol · 2025 Feb · PMID 40330052 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections are extremely difficult to treat and have a high fatality rate. The study's primary goal was to determine the rate of ceftazidime-avibac...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections are extremely difficult to treat and have a high fatality rate. The study's primary goal was to determine the rate of ceftazidime-avibactam susceptibility using disc diffusion and E-Test, as well as to evaluate the agreement between the two methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 124 multidrug-resistant (including carbapenem) and isolates were included. Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion and E-test were used as the testing methods in this study. RESULTS: In this study 37.5% and 33.9% of the isolates were susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam by E test and Disc diffusion respectively. There were five isolates which produced discordant results. Among the 56 isolates there was 91% agreement between the two methods. CONCLUSION: Among the discordant isolates the alarming disparity in zone size was a significant concern. Since CRE infections are very common, an economical and practical method for testing ceftazidime-avibactam susceptibility is needed in all the clinical microbiology laboratories as it is a last resort drug.
Phytochemical components and antibacterial activity of two populations of L. essential oils as traditional medicine plant.
Hajmoradi F, Fathi H, Moghadami F
Iran J Microbiol · 2025 Feb · PMID 40330051 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: L., a member of the Asteraceae family, has been widely employed in traditional Iranian herbal practices for centuries. This research seeks to analyze and compare the essential oil compositions...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: L., a member of the Asteraceae family, has been widely employed in traditional Iranian herbal practices for centuries. This research seeks to analyze and compare the essential oil compositions and antibacterial characteristics of two distinct populations of MATERIALS AND METHODS: Essential oils were obtained from the above-ground parts of these populations through hydrodistillation, and their chemical constituents were examined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antibacterial effectiveness of the essential oils against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was evaluated employing the agar well diffusion technique. RESULTS: Monoterpene hydrocarbons were found to be dominated in both populations, with Humulene epoxide II being the primary constituent, constituting 17.87% in the first population and 21.55% in the second one. The agar-well diffusion method revealed significant antibacterial effects of the essential oils. The findings indicated that the essential oil displayed heightened activity against in both populations. Furthermore, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) tests indicated that with concentrations of 400 μg/mL for both tests, was the most susceptible bacteria, while with MIC = 800 and MBC>800 μg/mL was the most resistant in both populations of CONCLUSION: This research highlights the significance of as a valuable reservoir of monoterpene-rich oil exhibiting robust antibacterial characteristics, suggesting its potential use in the development of novel and naturally derived therapeutics for bacterial diseases.
Investigation of the optimal condition for the growth and biofilm development of on three dental materials.
Thu Le H, Luc Phuong TT, Huy GH … +2 more , Nguyen PV, Nguyen BVG
Iran J Microbiol · 2025 Feb · PMID 40330050 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: as pathogenic fungi cause conditions like oral candidiasis and dental caries. The critical role of biofilms in the pathogenicity of necessitates the exploration of conditions that promote the...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: as pathogenic fungi cause conditions like oral candidiasis and dental caries. The critical role of biofilms in the pathogenicity of necessitates the exploration of conditions that promote their growth and development. Our study aimed to delineate the optimal conditions conducive to the proliferation and biofilm production of on prevalent dental materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To approximate oral cavity conditions, culture media were enhanced with various glucose concentrations to assess the growth and biofilm-forming capability of the fungus through growth curve analysis and crystal violet assays. RESULTS: The findings suggest that YPG medium augmented with 4% glucose presents as an optimal environment for growth. Biofilm formation was most effectively promoted in RPMI medium supplemented with the same concentration of glucose. Composite resin was identified as the substrate most susceptible to biofilm development by under these conditions. CONCLUSION: This investigation highlights the necessity of accounting for microbial activity and material characteristics in the prevention and management of dental biofilm formation. Our research advances the understanding of in vitro cultivation of , simulating the oral milieu more accurately and contributing to enhanced oral health management for individuals utilizing temporary dental fixtures.
Efficacy of traditional herb aqua extract of and its fractions against HSV-1 virus expression levels of genes (UL46 and US6).
Asgari E, Sharifi Z, Bineshian F … +1 more , Zamanian M
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737362 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recently, the anti-herpetic activities of different plant species have been investigated. This study evaluated the effects of aqueous extract on the HSV-1 virus-infected Vero cell. MATERIALS A...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recently, the anti-herpetic activities of different plant species have been investigated. This study evaluated the effects of aqueous extract on the HSV-1 virus-infected Vero cell. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The IC of the aqueous extract was obtained by the maceration of the plant in boiling water and has been measured with the MTT method, also the q-PCR was used to study viral gene expression reduction. RESULTS: Results of the MTT test indicated that the highest percentage of metabolic activity was observed in the 75 μg/ml concentration of 's aqueous extracts (IC=45.5μg/ml). Time intervals of 24 and 48 hours after viral infection revealed that the cell viability is reduced by the viral infection time (MOI=0.1), log 10, p <0.001). Furthermore, the plant's aqueous extract concentration almost avoids cell viability reduction. Through Q-PCR results; the reduction of viral proliferation revealed that the low expression of genes UL46 and US6 were significant in the presence of different treatments utilized in the experiment. CONCLUSION: , has an anti-viral property and may be considered as a remedy for anti-HSV-1 agents.
Exploring oral candidiasis among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in eastern Iran.
Pagheh AS, Kardan F, Ghojoghi A … +6 more , Sebzari AR, Erfaninejad M, Askari P, Aghili SR, Nazar E, Ziaee M
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737361 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Understanding the epidemiology of species among cancer patients is crucial for preventing invasive infections. This study aimed to identify species and assess risk factors among cancer patien...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Understanding the epidemiology of species among cancer patients is crucial for preventing invasive infections. This study aimed to identify species and assess risk factors among cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in Birjand, eastern Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The samples were obtained from the oral cavity of 140 patients and the initial identification of species was carried out through fungal cultures. Subsequently, isolates were molecularly identified using the PCR-RFLP method with the restriction enzyme Msp1. Furthermore, the demographic characteristics, risk factors, and clinical history of the patients were extracted and scrutinized using a multiple logistic regression model. RESULTS: Among the 140 patients examined, 55 individuals (39.3%) tested positive for oral candidiasis (OC). Notably, Hemorrhagic cancer emerged as the most common type of cancer associated with OC (46.7%). The predominant species isolated was the complex (64.8%), followed by the complex (26.8%). A noteworthy finding was the significant association between the occurrence of OC and the number of chemotherapy sessions (P<0.05). Conversely, no significant correlations were detected between OC and variables such as sex, age, type of cancer, occupation, residence, underlying disease, and drug use (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of spp. and its correlation with the number of chemotherapy sessions underscored the importance of preventive measures. These findings provided valuable insights for designing targeted interventions to mitigate the burden of oral candidiasis in this vulnerable population.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of colistin plus meropenem therapy for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia.
Moradi H, Sajadi-Javan ZS, Mousavi S … +2 more , Rostami S, Moradi Khaniabadi B
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737360 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nosocomial pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria presents a significant challenge for healthcare systems, as there are limited effective treatments available. This syst...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nosocomial pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria presents a significant challenge for healthcare systems, as there are limited effective treatments available. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the outcomes of colistin plus meropenem combination therapy on nosocomial pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An exhaustive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), and Embase databases was conducted, resulting in the extraction of 5 studies for qualitative assessment and meta-analysis. The study sample included 991 patients admitted with nosocomial pneumonia. The outcomes evaluated were clinical improvement, microbiological response, mortality, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, procalcitonin (PCT) levels, and intensive care unit (ICU) duration. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that colistin plus meropenem combination therapy significantly improved clinical outcomes (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.04-1.81, p = 0.027), reduced SOFA scores (OR = -0.28, 95% CI = -0.44 to -0.11, p = 0.001), and increased CCI scores (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.02-0.29, p = 0.021) compared to other medications. However, other evaluated parameters did not show significant differences. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis indicates that colistin-meropenem combination therapy is superior to other colistin-based treatments for nosocomial pneumonia in terms of clinical improvement, SOFA score reduction, and CCI score increase. Nevertheless, other variables assessed did not exhibit remarkable differences between the treatment regimens.
Evaluating the activity of cefoperazone-sulbactam against Gram negative pathogens in blood stream infections using automated systems.
Qadri U, Zaffar S, Wani SJ … +4 more , Roohi S, Aman M, Bhat S, Majid U
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737359 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The incidence of multidrug-resistant, Gram-negative organisms, isolated as the etiological agents of infections is ascending. The advent of novel antibiotics poses significant challenges, neces...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The incidence of multidrug-resistant, Gram-negative organisms, isolated as the etiological agents of infections is ascending. The advent of novel antibiotics poses significant challenges, necessitating the optimization and utilization of extant antimicrobial agents. Cefoperazone, a third-generation cephalosporin and β-lactam antimicrobial, when combined with sulbactam, an irreversible β-lactamase inhibitor, mitigates the vulnerability of cefoperazone to β-lactamase-producing organisms. Nonetheless, regional data on the susceptibility patterns for this pharmacological combination remains scarce. The primary objective of this investigation was to assess the efficacy of the cefoperazone-sulbactam combination against prevalent Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood cultures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 700 Gram-negative isolates, comprising species, and were procured using the BacT/Alert 3D system. The identification and susceptibility testing for cefoperazone-sulbactam were performed using the VITEK Compact ID and AST system. Comparative analysis was conducted against other tested antibiotics. RESULTS: The study revealed that cefoperazone-sulbactam exhibited commendable activity against Gram-negative pathogens isolated from blood, surpassed only by colistin and tigecycline. CONCLUSION: Cefoperazone-sulbactam demonstrates robust activity against the most frequently encountered clinical pathogens, suggesting its potential as an efficacious therapeutic agent. The findings underscore the imperative for ongoing surveillance of resistance patterns and trends among commonly used antimicrobials.
Distribution of fungal agents in the respiratory system of patients with underlying lung diseases; molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility profiles.
Hassanpour P, Hashemi SJ, Nami S … +6 more , Daie Ghazvini R, Naghili Hokmabadi B, Rahimi Foroushani A, Ahmadikia K, Ramezanalipour Z, Firouzi Abriz S
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737358 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Airway fungal infection is a severe clinical problem, especially in patients with compromised immune functions. Here, we examined the distribution and antifungal susceptibility profiles of fung...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Airway fungal infection is a severe clinical problem, especially in patients with compromised immune functions. Here, we examined the distribution and antifungal susceptibility profiles of fungal agents isolated from respiratory tract of symptomatic patients hospitalized in pulmonary units. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study took place from 2023 to 2024, involving 360 patients. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or sputum specimens were collected and analyzed using mycological and molecular methods for this study. Antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) was carried out using the broth micro dilution method. RESULTS: Of a total of 360 respiratory specimens, 114 (31.6%) were positive. The male-to-female ratio was 63:51 (1.3%). and were the most common yeast and mold species. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) had the highest rate of colonization with fungal agents (47/114, 41%). The isolates associated with COPD in this study included species (4/12, 3.5%), species (41/96, 36%), and other fungal species (2/6, 1.5%). Coughing (87%) was the predominant symptom, and malignancy (52%) was the predominant comorbidity factor. The result of AFST for antifungal agents showed that 9 (22.5%) isolates were resistant, and the highest rate of resistance was related to voriconazole agent (5/9, 55.5%). Resistance to antifungal agents was not observed among isolates. CONCLUSION: This study showed a significant relationship between the frequency of and species in patients with underlying lung diseases. In addition, voriconazole was more effective than itraconazole, especially against
Comparison of the synthesis of the alpha-amylase enzyme by the native strain in immobilized and immersed cells.
Mahmoudnia F
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737357 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The study focused on the amylase enzyme, widely used in the industrial starch liquefaction process. We looked into the best way to immobilize the native strain , which is the only alpha-amylase...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The study focused on the amylase enzyme, widely used in the industrial starch liquefaction process. We looked into the best way to immobilize the native strain , which is the only alpha-amylase-producing bacterium, by trapping it in calcium alginate gel. This is a promising way to increase enzyme output. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined the effects of alginate content, biomass age, initial cell loading (ICL), bead size, and solidification duration in calcium chloride solution on enzyme synthesis. We conducted batch fermentations using both immobilized and free cells. RESULTS: Alpha-amylase production significantly increased with the alginate concentration ratio, achieving a maximum enzyme yield of 23.5 U/mL at a 30 g/l alginate concentration, utilizing an initial cell loading of 1.5 g in 150-200 beads per flask. These involved cells from a 12-hour culture with a bead size of 5.0 mm, were solidified for 24 hours in a 2.5% (w/v) calcium chloride solution. The yield of the immobilized cells was approximately 111.71% higher than that of the free cells, which produced 11.1 U/ml. The immobilized cells consistently generated alpha-amylase over five repeated cycles, attaining a peak value of 23.5 U/ml during the first cycle, which was 2.2-fold more than the control (free cells). CONCLUSION: We used a basic mass balance analysis to understand the growth of both fractions and the dynamics of amylase production in free cells and cells immobilized in Ca-alginate beads. The production of alpha-amylase in immobilized cells results in enhanced volumetric activities during fermentation. Notable advantages of this technique encompass prolonged stability, reuse and recycling, and the potential for adaptable regeneration.
Seroprevalence of in a population of 15 to 35 years old in Mashhad.
Khoshakhlagh M, Tarahomi M, Asgharian F … +6 more , Kamali A, Abadi SS, Jafarpour K, Abolbashari S, Meshkat M, Gholoobi A
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737356 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: is a bacterium involved in gastrointestinal disorders with a high prevalence in Iran. We have determined the seroprevalence of in the young adult population of Mashhad city for the first time...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: is a bacterium involved in gastrointestinal disorders with a high prevalence in Iran. We have determined the seroprevalence of in the young adult population of Mashhad city for the first time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study on 933 individuals between the ages of 15 and 35 in Mashhad. The serum level of IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies was determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. RESULTS: The average age of the participants including 290 (31.0%) male and 643 (68.9%) female cases was 25.47 ± 5.76. IgG was seropositive in 365 (39.1%) of subjects. Occupation (p=0.002), body mass index (p=0.002), marital status (p<0.0001), and age (p<0.007) were meaningfully related to IgG seropositivity. Other factors such as sex, educational attainment, history of chronic diseases, and smoking cigarette had no significant relationship with the presence of antibodies. CONCLUSION: The seroprevalence of IgG antibodies in Mashhad's 15 to 35 years old citizens was determined 39.1%. We suggest further studies with larger sample sizes and different age groups as the target population.
High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes in multidrug-resistant-ESBLs-producing post-COVID-19 pandemic.
Rahimzadeh G, Rezai S, Abbasi G … +7 more , Soleimanpour S, Valadan R, Vahedi L, Sheidaei S, Movahedi FS, Rezai R, Rezai MS
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737355 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: is a common pathogen associated with healthcare-related infections. It is particularly notable for its ability to develop resistance to multiple antibiotics, making treatment challenging. Duri...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: is a common pathogen associated with healthcare-related infections. It is particularly notable for its ability to develop resistance to multiple antibiotics, making treatment challenging. During the COVID-19 pandemic, increased antibiotic use to manage critically ill patients was contributed to the rise of multidrug-resistant . This study evaluated the antibiotic resistance patterns of multidrug-resistant, ESBL-producing in northern Iran after the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2022 and October 2023. Clinical samples were collected from patients with nosocomial infections at hospitals in Sari. This study included 114 multidrug-resistant ESBLs-producing isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using broth macro-dilution, and resistance genes were detected by multiplex PCR. RESULTS: Gentamicin, ampicillin-sulbactam, co-amoxiclav, and ceftazidime displayed the lowest activity against multi-drug-resistant . In contrast, piperacillin-tazobactam showed the highest activity. The prevalence of resistance genes was as follows: (99.12%), (74.56%), (88.60%), (64.04%), (92.98%), and (67.54%). CONCLUSION: This study identified over 50% of antibiotic-resistance genes. Over half of multidrug-resistant isolates showed resistance to antibiotics except piperacillin-tazobactam, which is recommended for treating multi-drug-resistant infections.
World antimicrobial resistance (AMR) awareness week.
Feizabadi MM
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737354 · Full text
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Lessons from an 11-year retrospective cohort study of causing UTI in Imam Hospital Ardabil, Iran.
Shakib P, Arzanlou M, Sobhi P … +8 more , Mojebi M, Bahrami M, Mahdizadeh F, Asadi L, Amanzadeh M, Mohammadnia A, Khademi F, Ramazanzadeh R
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737353 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The global problem of urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria is due to limited treatment options. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, etiology, and mana...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The global problem of urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria is due to limited treatment options. This study aimed to examine the prevalence, etiology, and management implications of causing UTI at Imam Hospital Ardabil, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 2340 samples of retrospective data on causing UTIs were collected at Imam Hospital in Ardabil, Iran, spanning from 2012 to 2022. The samples were cultured and isolated, and their antibiotic susceptibility was determined using standard laboratory methods and data were then organized and systematically categorized using Python. RESULTS: It was found that the lowest level of resistance was related to nitrofurantoin, followed by imipenem. In 2018, the number of patients resistant to trimethoprim was the highest. Cephalexin and ciprofloxacin trends indicate the reduction of the line during this retrospective period. There was a significant correlation between wards and some antibiotics like Cefepime, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, and Trimethoprim (P-Value <0.05). CONCLUSION: Significant correlations were identified between specific hospital wards and resistance to antibiotics. These findings underscore the need for continuous surveillance and tailored antibiotic stewardship programs to combat the rising trend of antibiotic resistance.
Frequency and antibiotic resistance pattern of spp. isolated from traditional dairies and raw milks collected in Yazd province, Iran.
Barzegar-Bafrouei R, Hajimohammadi B, Zandi H … +2 more , Eslami G, Fallahzadeh H
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737352 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Salmonellosis is among the most common food-born infections, caused by spp. bacteria. Present study has investigated the frequency and antibiotic resistance pattern of spp. isolated from trad...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Salmonellosis is among the most common food-born infections, caused by spp. bacteria. Present study has investigated the frequency and antibiotic resistance pattern of spp. isolated from traditional dairy products and raw milk supplied in Yazd, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, 350 samples of raw milk and traditional dairy products were randomly collected from July to September 2018. Following culturing the samples, isolates went through biochemical tests for phenotypic identification. Results were confirmed through PCR technique by targeting gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was conducted by means of disk diffusion method. RESULTS: The rate of contamination with bacteria was 6.57% in all samples. The PCR assay of all isolates showed that 23 isolates (100%) carried the gene. No significant association between the frequency of spp. and types of dairy and their origin was reported (>0.05). The highest antibiotic resistance rate among the isolates belonged to tetracycline (34.8%) and the highest sensitivity was seen to imipenem, cefepime, and cefotaxime (each 91.3%). CONCLUSION: According to our results there has been a rise in multiple drug resistance and contamination rate in traditional dairy products in Yazd province.
Anti-invasion activities of heat-killed lactic acid bacteria isolates against serovar Typhimurium.
Adzuan ASS, Mohamad SAS, Iberahim R … +12 more , Kamal NNSM, Mutalib NA, Hasbullah NI, Alsaydi M, Hasan N, Oon LK, Ajibola OO, Alias R, Mustakim M, Rambely AS, Mohamed E, Pourmand MR
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737351 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The most common cause of severe foodborne salmonellosis is Typhimurium. Its interaction with intestinal epithelial cells is little known. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were recognized as a promin...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The most common cause of severe foodborne salmonellosis is Typhimurium. Its interaction with intestinal epithelial cells is little known. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were recognized as a prominent probiotic gastrointestinal microbiota of humans and animals that confer health-promoting and protective effects. This study aims to determine the anti-invasion and antibacterial effects of heat-killed LAB (HK-LAB) isolates against Typhimurium towards human intestinal cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 12 HK-LAB isolates from 3 sources of origin (stingless bee, plant, and food) were tested to determine the adhesion of HK-LAB to Caco-2 cells, anti-invasion and antibacterial activities against Typhimurium, the adhesion and invasion pattern of Typhimurium on intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) and assessing the effect of LAB on the . Typhimurium-host cell interaction. RESULTS: Tairu isolates from food have the highest adhesion rate with 19 ± 1.32/10 Caco-2 cells followed by HK-LAB R-isolate from plant 17 ± 0.70/10 Caco-2 cells, which is similar to the control . In the anti-invasion assay, the two HK-LAB isolates that had the strongest adherence to Caco-2 cells, Tairu-isolate inhibited at 78.1 ± 3.06% and R-isolate inhibited at 64.76 ± 9.02% compared to the positive control (63.81 ± 1.15%), which led to increased suppression of Typhimurium accordingly. Tairu and R isolates were tested for their antibacterial ability against . Typhimurium. Both R and Tairu isolates displayed strong inhibition zones (27 ± 0.06 mm, 23 ± 0.06 mm) respectively. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the anti-invasion activities of HK-LAB R and Tairu may correlate to their bactericidal effects that serve to protect the host from infection.
The microbiology, epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical therapy of candidemia in burn patients hospitalized in Velayat Teaching Hospital, Rasht, northern Iran.
Rafat Z, Roostaei D, Mobayen M … +2 more , Salehiniya H, Pournasrolah P
Iran J Microbiol · 2024 Dec · PMID 39737350 · Full text
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and clinical therapy of candidemia in burn patients hospitalized in Velayat Hospital, Rasht, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The blood samples of su...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and clinical therapy of candidemia in burn patients hospitalized in Velayat Hospital, Rasht, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The blood samples of suspected patients were cultured and PCR-sequencing was performed. Antifungal susceptibility testing was done by the CLSI M27-A4 document. RESULTS: Four blood samples were identified as positive. complex (3 out of 4, 75%) was the predominant leading cause of candidemia. MIC values showed that all isolates were susceptible to itraconazole, amphotericin B, and 5-flucytosine. CONCLUSION: It seems necessary to pay attention to non- species in antifungal therapy.
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