Gastropods were established to be able to absorb decapsulated and encapsulated Trichinella larvae located in muscle tissue. Trichinella larvae remain viable and infectious for 24 to 48 hours after passing through the gas...Gastropods were established to be able to absorb decapsulated and encapsulated Trichinella larvae located in muscle tissue. Trichinella larvae remain viable and infectious for 24 to 48 hours after passing through the gastrointenstinal tract of gastropods.
Statistical methods confirmed that the dietary intake of traditionally made meat from marine mammals and polar bear could cause Trichinella infection in the residents of the communities of the Chukotka Peninsula.Statistical methods confirmed that the dietary intake of traditionally made meat from marine mammals and polar bear could cause Trichinella infection in the residents of the communities of the Chukotka Peninsula.
The purpose of the first step of microparasitocenosis investigation was to study the microbiocenosis of the first intermediate hosts of O. felineus--prosobranch gastropods of the genus Codiella, as well as their habitats...The purpose of the first step of microparasitocenosis investigation was to study the microbiocenosis of the first intermediate hosts of O. felineus--prosobranch gastropods of the genus Codiella, as well as their habitats. Materials were collected in the Iryum River of the Ob-Irtysh basin. The microflora of mollusks, water, and soil from their habitats was examined. The predominant flora was Aeromonas species in the biocenosis of mollusks and Enterobacteriaceae in the microbiocenosis of the water basin and soil. Examination of the microbial communities in the mollusks and their habitats showed that the range of microbial populations of mollusks was wider in species composition as compared to the microbiocenosis of soil and water.
As the basis for entomological monitoring, the authors first propose to investigate the structure of a season of D. repens invasion transmission in the carrier in relation to the ambient temperature, such as onset of a t...As the basis for entomological monitoring, the authors first propose to investigate the structure of a season of D. repens invasion transmission in the carrier in relation to the ambient temperature, such as onset of a transmission season, terminaton of mosquito infection, the number of invasion circulations. A calculating procedure has been developed. It is shown that there is a need for entomological monitoring of each specific area irrespective of the latitude to study a risk for local dirofilariasis cases.
Human dirofilariasis is a pressing health problem in Russia. By 2014, there have been as many as 850 Dirofilaria repens-infested people living in 42 subjects of the Russian Federation. One of the favorable factors for ci...Human dirofilariasis is a pressing health problem in Russia. By 2014, there have been as many as 850 Dirofilaria repens-infested people living in 42 subjects of the Russian Federation. One of the favorable factors for circulation and spread of invasion is a temperature of above +20-24 degrees C; when the latter is maintained during at least 20 days there may be 1.-1.5 circulations of invasion in the carrier and a 2.8-fold increase in transmission intensity. The border ofa dirofilariasis area with a temperate climate is southward to 58 degrees N in European Russia and West Siberia and southward to 50 degrees N in the Far East. The conditions in the human body have been found to be more favorable for the development of Dirofilaria than considered before and allow the helminth to achieve sexual maturity and to propagate. If man has microfilaremia, he may be a source of invasion. It is necessary to examine venous blood by the enrichment method and, if possible, polymerase chain reaction and enzyme immunoassay, which make it possible to establish a diagnosis in occult invasion and to identify a pathogen species.
From its inception, sanitary parasitology aimed at protecting the health of the population. But the procedures for sanitary and parasitological studies were not always so simple and effective as it was necessary. This ar...From its inception, sanitary parasitology aimed at protecting the health of the population. But the procedures for sanitary and parasitological studies were not always so simple and effective as it was necessary. This article presents an analysis of the evolution of helminthological knowledge and the methods of soil investigation.
The paper briefly reviews the current techniques for the diagnosis of human and animal clonorchiasis, which involve visual, immunological, and polymerase chain reaction-based methods, including those extensively used in...The paper briefly reviews the current techniques for the diagnosis of human and animal clonorchiasis, which involve visual, immunological, and polymerase chain reaction-based methods, including those extensively used in medical practice and devised in experimental research laboratories.
The intensive modern Russian reforms in professional education require that stafftraining in medicine should be also improved. The main directions and ways of improving education in the specialty of Parasitology are as f...The intensive modern Russian reforms in professional education require that stafftraining in medicine should be also improved. The main directions and ways of improving education in the specialty of Parasitology are as follows:--to update professional education, by applying a competence approach, in terms of which the main focus is on mastering the activity and obtaining the experience in make this activity in different situations;--to apply the modular principle in the design of educational programs and a teaching process;--to improve the fundamental training of staff in the area ofparasitology;--to enhance the integration of special, related, and basic disciplines in stafftraining.
The paper describes cases of pseudoinvasion and transient carriageof the larvae of arthropods and geohelminths. It highlights the objective and subjective factors in the diagnosis of arthropod-borne diseases and geohelmi...The paper describes cases of pseudoinvasion and transient carriageof the larvae of arthropods and geohelminths. It highlights the objective and subjective factors in the diagnosis of arthropod-borne diseases and geohelminthiasis, which give rise to misdiagnosis. Distinctions between real invasion, transient invasion, and pseudoinvasion are pointed out. The fact that there are special problems with the misdiagnosis of people with mental diseases is emphasized. The key factors for preventing and diagnosing pseudoinvasions and transient carriage are defined.
Chemich ND, Zakhlebaeva VV, Il'ina NI
… +1 more, Sholokhova SE
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2014 · PMID 24738230
The opisthorchiasis epidemiological situation in Ukraine and the Sumy Region that has the largest natural focus of invasion has been analyzed. Its morbidity rate is 21.6 per 100,000 population, which is more than 20 time...The opisthorchiasis epidemiological situation in Ukraine and the Sumy Region that has the largest natural focus of invasion has been analyzed. Its morbidity rate is 21.6 per 100,000 population, which is more than 20 times greater than that in Ukraine. The clinical course of the disease in the endemic focus, the attribute of which is the high percentage of its latent form, has been examined. Praziquantel is the most effective drug for the etiotropic therapy of opisthorchiasis.
The fauna of blackflies of North Armenia is represented by 12 species from the genus Simulium. The species composition in the Tavush Region is most diverse (10 species) versus that in the Shirak (n = 5) and Lori (n = 3)...The fauna of blackflies of North Armenia is represented by 12 species from the genus Simulium. The species composition in the Tavush Region is most diverse (10 species) versus that in the Shirak (n = 5) and Lori (n = 3) Provinces, which is due to a wide variety of Simuliidae breeding sites. Among the bioregulators of blackflies, there are microsporidia of 4 species, cabbageworms (Mermithidae), and caddisflies of the genus Hydropsyche. There is a preponderance of microsporidia among the blackfly bioregulators. The highest percentage (60%) of the larvae infected with microsporidia is noted in the second half of summer, which is related to their environmental conditions.
The mammals in the interfluve of the Malaya Laba and Belaya Laba rivers were found to have fleas of 35 species; the main hosts for 2 of them were birds. Few hosts harbored most of animal parasites. The species compositio...The mammals in the interfluve of the Malaya Laba and Belaya Laba rivers were found to have fleas of 35 species; the main hosts for 2 of them were birds. Few hosts harbored most of animal parasites. The species composition and structure of fleas on small mammals greatly varies with high-altitude zones.
Korzun VM, Iarygina MB, Fomina LA
… +2 more, Rozhdestvenskiĭ EN, Denisov AV
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2014 · PMID 24738224
The relative number of plague pathogen strains isolated from some flea species in different Gorno-Altai natural plague foci substantially varies; this indicator also varies with time. These patterns are due to the differ...The relative number of plague pathogen strains isolated from some flea species in different Gorno-Altai natural plague foci substantially varies; this indicator also varies with time. These patterns are due to the difference in the structure of multispecies communities of ectoparasites in these areas and their long-term transformation. As of now, the three species Paradoxopsyllus scorodumovi, Ctenophyllus hirticrus, and Amphalius runatus are widely involved in pathogen transmission in all three foci. These ectoparasites should be referred to as main plague vectors. In each focus, they are joined by other flea species, such as Rhadinopsylla dahurica and Amphipsylla primaris in the Ulandryk focus, Frontopsylla hetera, R. dahurica, Paradoxopsyllus kalabukhovi, and Paramonopsyllus scalodae in the Tarkhatin focus, and P. scalonae and P. kalabukhovi in the Kurai focus, which should be classified as an additional vector.
Shchit IIu, Shtannikov AV, Sergeeva EE
… +5 more, Reshetniak TV, Repolovskaia TV, Shaĭtanov VM, Gutova VP, Vasil'eva IS
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2014 · PMID 24738223
Chimeric primers, the sensitivity and specificity of which allow them to be used in both the clinical setting and the epizootological assessment of tick infection by a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay,...Chimeric primers, the sensitivity and specificity of which allow them to be used in both the clinical setting and the epizootological assessment of tick infection by a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, have been designed against Babesia canis infection. The findings suggest that a large number of Babesia DNA copies are detectable in the blood in acute babesiosis. Some animals that had experienced babesiosis developed blood B. canis carriage--a small number oftrophozoites remained alive for a long time. When babesiosis was suspected, its diagnosis could be confirmed by RT-PCR in half of dogs with subclinical signs. The tick concentration of Babesia ranged from several hundred to a few thousand parasites. There were no significant differences in the number of Babesia parasites in the infected ticks in relation to their collection site. However, the occurrence of infected ticks was significantly higher in the places of constant contact with a canine population, which is indicative of the decisive role of dogs in the intensity of an epizootic process in the foci of B. canis infection.
Synergists (piperonyl butoxide, MGK-264 (N-octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide), DEF (S, S, S, tributyl phosphorotrithioate), and diethylmaleate) were used to investigate the metabolic resistance of body lice to permethri...Synergists (piperonyl butoxide, MGK-264 (N-octyl bicycloheptene dicarboximide), DEF (S, S, S, tributyl phosphorotrithioate), and diethylmaleate) were used to investigate the metabolic resistance of body lice to permethrin. Instances of the synergistic activity ofpermethrin when combined with enzyme system inhibitors have been identified. The synergic ratios were 3.3 to 52.0 for monooxygenase inhibitors; 5.2 to 7.4 for esterases, and about 4 for glutathione-S-transferases. Since the use of the synergists did not lead to full inhibition of resistance, it was concluded that the lice had also a kdr-like type of resistance.
Bezzhonova OV, Patraman IV, Ganushkina LA
… +2 more, Vyshemirskiĭ OI, Sergiev VP
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2014 · PMID 24738221
For the first time mosquito Aedes koreicus were identified by morphology and molecular genetics in the south of European Russia (Sochi city) in 2013.For the first time mosquito Aedes koreicus were identified by morphology and molecular genetics in the south of European Russia (Sochi city) in 2013.