The paper presents an experimental model of gastric cancer in the presence of chronic opisthorchiasis, which has been created to study its possible role in gastric carcinogenesis. The performed investigation has supporte...The paper presents an experimental model of gastric cancer in the presence of chronic opisthorchiasis, which has been created to study its possible role in gastric carcinogenesis. The performed investigation has supported the hypothesis that opisthorchiasis plays a promoting role in the development of experimental gastric cancer. A larger number of experimental hamsters receiving the carcinogen methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG) developed earlier gastric tumors in. the presence of chronic opisthorchiasis than the control animals in the experiment.
The objective of the investigation was to study the biological properties (antilysozyme activity (ALA), biofilm formation (BFF), and virulence factors) of different Enterobacteriaceae species isolated from Bithyniidae mo...The objective of the investigation was to study the biological properties (antilysozyme activity (ALA), biofilm formation (BFF), and virulence factors) of different Enterobacteriaceae species isolated from Bithyniidae mollusks and their habitats. A total of 117 strains isolated from Bithyniidae mollusks of the genera Codiella and Bithynia and those from their habitats were the material to be studied. Thus, comparison of the mean values of ALA in Enterobacteriaceae species suggests that the strains isolated from the mollusks and their aqueous habitat did not virtually differ in this indicator. Also, there were no statistically significant differences in the detection rate of the Enterobacteriaceae strains having a pronounced antilysozyme activity and in that of mollusks circulating in the aqueous habitat when compared with the strains isolated from the mollusks. Comparison of BFF in the aqueous bacterial strains and mollusk microbiota representatives revealed the highest values in the former; just lower value was noted in the latter. Soil Enterobacteriaceae isolates had very low BFF values.
Morozov EN, Karimov SS, Saiburkhonov DS
… +1 more, Baranova AM
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2015 · PMID 26720977
An immunological survey of 8,000 dwellers from 4 districts of Tajikistan failed to detect malaria pathogens by CareStartMalariaHPR2/PLDH (P. falciparum/P. vivax) COMBOGO161 AccessBio tests and showed the possibility of t...An immunological survey of 8,000 dwellers from 4 districts of Tajikistan failed to detect malaria pathogens by CareStartMalariaHPR2/PLDH (P. falciparum/P. vivax) COMBOGO161 AccessBio tests and showed the possibility of their further use under the Republic's conditions, particularly in the mountain villages and the human settlements bordering on Afghanistan. The results of examining 750 blood samples from the dwellers of sanitized foci in Tajikistan's areas, by applying molecular diagnosis via polymerase chain reaction, indicated no signs of parasites. A set ofthree methods, such as microscopic, immunological, and molecular diagnostic ones, was used to prove the absence of reliable malaria infection and local transmission sources.
Pustovoit VI, Grigoryev SG, Kozlov SS
… +2 more, Turitsin VS, Adoeva EY
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2015 · PMID 26720972
The authors propose a mathematical model that makes it possible to estimate the severity of experimental trichinosis from the peripheral blood values of a laboratory animal (white blood cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, a...The authors propose a mathematical model that makes it possible to estimate the severity of experimental trichinosis from the peripheral blood values of a laboratory animal (white blood cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocyates).
Morozov IM, Alekseev AN, Dubinina EV
… +3 more, Nikitin AY, Melnikova OV, Andaev EI
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2015 · PMID 26720971
The paper presents the results of 10-year (2005-2014) observations of an Ixodespersulcatus Schulze population. The purpose of this investigation was to trace long-term changes in the structure of the taiga tick populatio...The paper presents the results of 10-year (2005-2014) observations of an Ixodespersulcatus Schulze population. The purpose of this investigation was to trace long-term changes in the structure of the taiga tick population from the proportion of specimens with external skeletal anomalies and to assess a relationship between the pattern of imago phenotypic variation and the virus percentage of a carrier. There were a total of reports of the external skeletal structure of 1123 females gathered from plants to a flag in an area at 43 km from the Baikal Road connecting Irkutsk and the settlement of Listvyanka (Irkutsk Region). The proportion of specimens with anomalies averaged 37.8 +/- 1.88%. Four-to-seven varying anomalies were annually recorded. There was a preponderance of scutum impairment (an average of 17.0 +/- 3.08% of all females) that was a conglomerate of prominences and indentations along the entire clypeus surface and that was denoted P9. The nature of a change in the proportion of ticks with two anomalies (average monthly registration rate, 2.5 +/- 0.66%) is exhibited by three-year high-frequency oscillations whereas the specimens with P9 anomalies fail to show so clear cycling. The percentage of virus-containing taiga ticks was individually determined estimating the level of tick-borne encephalitis virus antigen by an enzyme immunoassay. A total of 4022 ticks were examined. The male and female data were pooled. There was a positive correlation between the change in the proportion of females with P9 anomaly and the infection of ticks in the examined population (Spearman's correlation coefficient, 0.88; P < 0.01). This supports the earlier observation of the greater epidemiological significance of the imago of a taiga tick with external skeletal anomalies particularly with considerably marked ones.
The prevalence of toxocariasis was studied among a population of domestic and stray dogs and cats. In a megalopolis, Toxocara invasion was 31.6% in a population of cats and 82 and 25.4% in that of puppies and dogs, respe...The prevalence of toxocariasis was studied among a population of domestic and stray dogs and cats. In a megalopolis, Toxocara invasion was 31.6% in a population of cats and 82 and 25.4% in that of puppies and dogs, respectively. A method was developed for the molecular genetic identification of T. cati and T. canis.
The authors give the data-and results of their investigations of 47 patents with rosacea concurrent with chronic opisthorchiasis (Group 1) and 40 patients with rosacea without opisthorhiasis (Group 2): It is found that t...The authors give the data-and results of their investigations of 47 patents with rosacea concurrent with chronic opisthorchiasis (Group 1) and 40 patients with rosacea without opisthorhiasis (Group 2): It is found that the severer clinical manifestations of rosacea are, the lower the quality of life is in patients. The patients with rosacea concurrent with chronic opisthorchiasis were found to have severe clinical forms. Rosacea diagnostic rating scores was 1.1-fold higher than in the patients without helminthiasis, suggesting a severer course. Quality-of-life dissatisfaction in patients with rosacea concurrent with chronic opisthorchiasis was significantly higher than in those with rosacea only.
The epidemiological and epizootiological features of toxocariasis foci were investigated in the Republic of Altai. The results of coproovoscopic examinations of dogs, those of serological screening for toxocariasis among...The epidemiological and epizootiological features of toxocariasis foci were investigated in the Republic of Altai. The results of coproovoscopic examinations of dogs, those of serological screening for toxocariasis among different age and occupational groups and coniingents at risk for HIV infection, hepatitis B and C, patients with allergic and bronchopulmonary diseases, toxocariasis mortality rates in the Republic of Altai, and the materials of sanitary and parasitological studies of soil and other environmental constituents for Toxocara canis eggs provide support for the poor situation of toxocariasis in the region. Relying on the current standards and the findings of this study, the Republic of Altai may be referred to as a moderately dangerous area at medium risk for contamination in terms of epidemic, epizootic, and environmental hazards. The results of assessing the quality of laboratory diagnosis of zoonotic helminthisms call for further improvement of the professional knowledge, abilities, and skills of the employees from health care and veterinary facilities, as well as economic objects within production laboratory control, basing on the principles and requirements of the environmental management system and the food quality and safety management system.
Studies of long-term opisthorchiasis changes have first established trends in the development of a present-day epidemic process in the hyperendemic area and seasonal morbidity trends and structure and identified continge...Studies of long-term opisthorchiasis changes have first established trends in the development of a present-day epidemic process in the hyperendemic area and seasonal morbidity trends and structure and identified contingents at the highest risk for infection. The risk of opisthorchiasis was comprehensively assessed from the varying intensities of epizootic and epidemic processes in the region's areas; the role of natural and social factors was revealed; the parasitic system function patterns that made it possible to elaborate a unified epidemiological surveillance system were established.
Our first experience in genotyping Giardia from Moscow residents, has shown that 4 and 2 of seven samples belong to G. duodenalis genotype A and genotype B, respectively; one sample was negative during amplification with...Our first experience in genotyping Giardia from Moscow residents, has shown that 4 and 2 of seven samples belong to G. duodenalis genotype A and genotype B, respectively; one sample was negative during amplification with two types of primers. Genotyping was Carried out using the specific primers TPIA and TPIB to the gene encoding for the enzyme triosephosphate isomerase from the parasite. Thus, further such investigations using a larger number of samples will be able to complement the epidemiology of Lamblia infection in Moscow residents.
Rudakov NV, Samoilenko IE, Rudakova SA
… +6 more, Kumpan LV, Belan YB, Reshetnikova TA, Shpynov SN, Abramova NV, Kolomeels AN
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2015 · PMID 26720964
The paper analyzes data on the prevalence and possible epidemiological importance of Rickettsia raoultii. The possible risk of infection in the population was assessed from the results of a serological study of patients...The paper analyzes data on the prevalence and possible epidemiological importance of Rickettsia raoultii. The possible risk of infection in the population was assessed from the results of a serological study of patients after tick suction and from those of molecular biological determination of contamination of removed carriers. The place of Rickettsia raoultii among other rickettsia causing rickettsioses of a tick-borne spotted fever group is assessed in Russia.
A retrospective survey of the prevalence of TORCH infections among pregnant women was performed in the perinatal center, M. A. Tverye Military Sanitary Unit Nine (Perm), in June 2010 to December 2013. The survey covered...A retrospective survey of the prevalence of TORCH infections among pregnant women was performed in the perinatal center, M. A. Tverye Military Sanitary Unit Nine (Perm), in June 2010 to December 2013. The survey covered 2060 women: they were all examined for cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and Toxoplasma. Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were detected in 28.68% (591/2060); 98.62% were found to have antibodies to herpes simplex; antibodies to cytomegalovirus were identified in 87.13% (1795/2060). Acute maternal toxoplasmosis was diagnosed by seroconversion or determination of IgM anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies, in the presence of a low avidity index and a four-fold increase in antibody titers, by simultaneously studying paired serum samples obtained at a 2-week interval. To confirm fetal infection, amniotic fluid PCR examination should be performed after 18 weeks' gestation. No consensus of opinion as to the principles of treatment for toxoplasmosis in pregnant women makes relevant the long-term results of antibacterial and antiprotozoal treatment cycles varying in duration and intensity. The prevention of acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women ensures the principle of a mother's personal responsibility for infection safety of a newborn infant, which is informationally provided in health and safety fundamentals course and pregravid preparation schools.
Stepanova EV, Kondrashin AV, Godkov MA
… +3 more, Mazhenov A, Brazhnikov AY, Sergiev VP
Med Parazitol (Mosk)
· 2015 · PMID 26720962
The paper shows that there are more seropositive people in a group of those who have experienced road accidents (RA) and who are responsible for the latter than in a control group. The investigations have indicated that...The paper shows that there are more seropositive people in a group of those who have experienced road accidents (RA) and who are responsible for the latter than in a control group. The investigations have indicated that chronic toxoplasmosis may be regarded as a potential increased risk factor of RA.
The authors have analyzed the data available in the literature and statistical offices and the results of their observations of the epidemiological situation of leishmaniasis in the Russian Federation (RF). In October 19...The authors have analyzed the data available in the literature and statistical offices and the results of their observations of the epidemiological situation of leishmaniasis in the Russian Federation (RF). In October 1991 to December 2014, the RF registered 89, leishmaniasis cases, including 83 imported cases from 24 countries and 6 local cases. Out of the 83 imported cases, there were those diagnosed with anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (n=31), zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (n=20), visceral leishmaniasis (n=31), and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (n=1). The Republic of Dagestan and Eastern Crimea are visceral Ieishmaniasis-enderpic, areas. The obtained data on the local cases of visceral leisimaniasis in Dagestan and on its sporadic cases in Crimea suggest that it is necessary to conduct epidemiological, epizootological, and entomological surveys in the above areas and to develop a system for visceral leishmaniasis epidemiological surveillance encompassing the whole package of antiepidemic measures. The effective treatment of leishmaniases requires that the RF Ministry of Health should register some current antileishmanial drugs (such as Glucantime) as soon as possible.