Roumanian Archives Of Microbiology And Immunology[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
SEROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO VACCINES IN CHILDREN WITH DIABETES.
Dashti AS, Alaei MR, Musavi Z … +3 more , Faramarzi R, Mansouri F, Nasimfar A
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 27328526
OBJECTIVE: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are more susceptible to infections. Deficiency in some domains of immune system could be one of the main reasons, which increases the risk of infections. The aim of this st...
OBJECTIVE: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are more susceptible to infections. Deficiency in some domains of immune system could be one of the main reasons, which increases the risk of infections. The aim of this study was to assess antibody responses to vaccines in a group of children with diabetes and in the controls. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed among 90 children under 15 years of age with a history of type 1 DM, referred to endocrinology clinics of university hospitals; Mofid Children Hospital and Loghman Hospital. Also, we enrolled ninety healthy children as the control group. Antibody levels against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, measles, mumps, rubella and hepatitis B (HB) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Among 90 patients with diabetes, 48% were male and 52% were female and in the control group 49% were male and 51% were female. Regarding IgG antibody levels against measles, there was not any significant difference between the two groups, but according to the applied kit, IgG levels against measles vaccine were positive in 62% of the diabetic and 84% of the controls. Also, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of IgG antibody level against rubella, but consistent with the applied kit, there was not any significant difference between the two the groups. CONCLUSION: Given the results of the study, no difference was found between patients with diabetes and controls who were vaccinated with pertussis, diphtheria, tetanus, mumps and HB vaccines. But there are some concerns about measles and rubella vaccinations that need further investigation.
SERUM PROLACTIN IN MELANOMA PATIENTS WITH INTERFERON ALPHA2B TREATMENT.
Ene CD, Nicolae I
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 27328525
UNLABELLED: The authors' interest was focused on prolactin status in patients with melanocytic lesions and on changes induced by interferon treatment in melanoma patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study lasted 5 years an...
UNLABELLED: The authors' interest was focused on prolactin status in patients with melanocytic lesions and on changes induced by interferon treatment in melanoma patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study lasted 5 years and included 128 melanoma patients, 48 dysplastic nevi patients and 48 healthy volunteers. Sixty melanoma cases were selected after surgical removal of tumor and divided into 2 groups: 30 patients with 10 MUmp(-1) interferon alpha2b treatment, three times a week, one year and 30 patients without interferon treatment. Prolactin assessment was made at inclusion in the study, after surgical removal of tumor, when patients started the treatment, after 1, 6, 12 months of treatment and 6 months after treatment end. RESULTS: In melanoma patients, high values of prolactin (10.55 ± 5.94 ng/ml) were detected when compared with dysplastic nevi group (5.94 ± 2.87 ng/ml) and control group (5.74 ± 3.66 ng.ml). Prolactin levels decreased after surgical removal of melanoma, significantly increased during interferon treatment and returned to baseline few months after the immunomodulatory treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment with interferon alpha2b stimulated reversible and non-cumulative prolactin production. Evaluating prolactin in melanoma patients could become necessary in the future, both for finding a possible pituitary disorder, but also for a new pharmacological intervention.
IMMUNOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS IN MAMMALIAN SEMI-ALLOGENEIC PREGNANCY.
Krupanidhi S
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 27328524
The mammalian conceptus is a semi-allograft. The maternal tolerance towards semi-allograft is primed by a battery of cytokines and resident decidual cells. Invasion of embryonic trophoblast, decidual vascular remodeling...
The mammalian conceptus is a semi-allograft. The maternal tolerance towards semi-allograft is primed by a battery of cytokines and resident decidual cells. Invasion of embryonic trophoblast, decidual vascular remodeling and unresponsive incipient 'Triple-negative' (CD3-, CD4- and CD8-) T-cells of foetus promote normal pregnancy. On the other hand, the maternal cytokine profile shift towards Th1 response is shown to enhance the risk during pregnancy. The periodical examination of maternal serum levels of Th1 and Th2 response mediated cytokines constitutes prognostic biomarkers to initiate therapeutic regimens.
STUDY TO ESTABLISH THE ACCEPTANCE RANGE FOR PEROXYL RADICALS SCAVENGER CAPACITY OF NATURAL SOD.
Lupu AR, Cremer L
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 27328523
In the context of an emerging market of food supplements, the proven quality of the antioxidant products should be the main criteria for using them. The production process has to be carefully controlled and complementary...
In the context of an emerging market of food supplements, the proven quality of the antioxidant products should be the main criteria for using them. The production process has to be carefully controlled and complementary tests are needed to demonstrate the correspondence between real and declared properties of final product. Using well characterized compounds with proven antioxidant activity in biological systems as reference brings a plus of rigorously to the testing protocol. The aim of this study was to determine the acceptance range for the antioxidant (peroxyl radicals scavenger) capacity of "Natural SOD" by using for comparison ascorbic acid (vitamin C). The established acceptance range complete our previous results concerning the antioxidant capacity of Natural SOD using validated ORAC method and creates premises for supplementary checking of the batches in the current production and improving the product quality.
RELATIVE EXPRESSION OF EFFLUX PUMPS IN MULTI DRUG RESISTANT PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA.
Azimi L, Namvar AE, Jamali S … +3 more , Lari AR, Bijari A, Lari AR
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 27328522
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known as an important opportunistic pathogen, resistant to a high number of antibiotics. Efflux pumps are one of the main intrinsic antibiotics resistance mechanisms in P. aeruginosa. MexAB-OprM...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known as an important opportunistic pathogen, resistant to a high number of antibiotics. Efflux pumps are one of the main intrinsic antibiotics resistance mechanisms in P. aeruginosa. MexAB-OprM, MexCD-OprJ, and MexXY-OprM are the main efflux pumps involved in beta-lactam resistant strains which may cause cross resistance to different antimicrobial classes. The aim of this study was to detect relative gene expression in betalactam-resistant clinical P. aeruginosa strains. One hundred fourteen clinical strains of P. aeruginosa were identified by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted according to CLSI guideline. Carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) was used as an efflux pump inhibitor for phenotypic detection of efflux pump mechanism and q-RT PCR was conducted for relative gene expression detection. The highest rate of resistance was observed against cefotaxime and various relative gene expressions levels were observed in all isolates with positive phenotypic test results.
INHIBITION OF VIRULENCE FACTORS OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA BY DICLOFENAC SODIUM.
Abbas HA
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 27328521
Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics is a major problem. Targeting virulence factors is an alternative option to avoid the emergence of resistance to antibiotics. The effect of sub-inhibitory concentration...
Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics is a major problem. Targeting virulence factors is an alternative option to avoid the emergence of resistance to antibiotics. The effect of sub-inhibitory concentration of diclofenac sodium on the production of virulence factors of P. aeruginosa was investigated. The virulence factors included protease, haemolysin, pyocyanin and pyoverdin, in addition to pathogenic behaviors such as swimming and twitching motilities and biofilm formation. Diclofenac sodium showed significant inhibition of virulence factors as compared to the control. Diclofenac sodium decreased twitching and swimming motilities by 29.27% and 45.36%, respectively. The percentage of inhibition of pyocyanin by diclofenac sodium was 42.32%. On the other hand, pyoverdin was inhibited to a lesser extent (36.72%). Diclofenac sodium reduced protease by 52.58% and biofilm formation by 58.37%. Moreover, haemolytic activity in the presence of diclofenac sodium was 15.64% as compared to the control (100% haemolytic activity). The inhibitory activities may be due to inhibition of quorum sensing that regulates the expression of virulence factors. This study suggests the potential for the use of diclofenac sodium as an anti-virulence agent in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.
MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE TO CIPROFLOXACIN AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF ESCHERICHIA COLI STRAINS ORIGINATING FROM URINE CULTURES PERFORMED FOR ROMANIAN ADULTS.
Cristea VC, Oprea M, Neacşu G … +3 more , Gîlcă R, Popa MI, Usein CR
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 27328520
Urinary tract infections (UTI) with Escherichia coli are among the most common infections presenting in general practice. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are relied on for their empirical therapy but recent reports indicate a con...
Urinary tract infections (UTI) with Escherichia coli are among the most common infections presenting in general practice. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are relied on for their empirical therapy but recent reports indicate a concerning increase in the percentage of FQ-resistant E. coli isolates in many countries, including Romania. Sixty E. coli strains with ciprofloxacin resistance and cephalosporin susceptibility isolated from urine specimens of non-hospitalized patients during a five-month period (October 2014 - February 2015) were further analyzed to determine the molecular basis of FQ resistance (i.e. mutations in chromosomal gyrA, gyrB, parC genes and presence of plasmid-borne qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6'-Ib-cr genes), the phylogenetic background (i.e. phylogenetic groups A, B1, B2, C, D, E, F or clade I), O25b/ST131 status, and genetic relatedness inferred from the XbaI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles as a measure of isolate-specific genetic composition. The PCR-based phylotyping showed that most strains were assigned to non-B2 phylogenetic groups (i.e. group A/21 strains, group B1/14 strains, group B2/10 strains, group C/8 strains, group D/3 strains, group F/4 strains). Already described chromosomal mutations associated to FQ resistance were found, the strains being double gyrA mutants (i.e. Ser83Leu, Asp87Asn) with one or two parC mutations (e.g. Ala56Thr, Ser80Ile, Glu84Gly). Seven percent of the strains harboured plasmid-borne genes qnrS1 (2 strains) and aac(6'-Ib-cr (2 strains). Based on the PCR results, 15% of the strains were members of the O25b/ST131 clone and possessed the gyrA/parC allele combination which is considered as hallmark of H30 subclone. PFGE genotyping revealed a genetically diverse population of FQ-resistant E. coli. ST131 strains displayed more homogeneous PFGE profiles than non-ST131. The ST131 cluster extended to 77.74% similarity versus 60% overall. These findings underscore the need for ongoing surveillance to capture the complexity of the emerging population of FQ-resistant strains disseminated across our community.
RAPID COMMUNICATION-- POLIO VACCINE COVERAGE IN THE ACUTE FLACCID PARALYSIS (AFP) CASES IN ROMANIA.
Băicuş A
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 26727855
Poliovirus (PV), a member of the Enterovirus genus, is the etiological agent of poliomyelitis. A study carried out between 2013-2014 on 30 serum samples from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases, showed a protective antib...
Poliovirus (PV), a member of the Enterovirus genus, is the etiological agent of poliomyelitis. A study carried out between 2013-2014 on 30 serum samples from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases, showed a protective antibody level of 90% against poliovirus Sabin strains type 1 and type 2 and of 88% against type 3. No PV strains were isolated from 2009 to 2015 in Romania. Maintaining a high vaccine coverage level against polio is mandatory until global polio eradication, especially as the risk of polio importation remains elevated in Romania.
HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTION IN INFECTIONS DUE TO STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS VIRULENCE FACTORS.
Drăgulescu EC, Codiţă I
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 26727854
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a major cause of hospital-acquired (HA-SA) and community-acquired (CA-SA) infections worldwide. It is isolated from many human body sites, from animals and from foods, from the enviro...
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a major cause of hospital-acquired (HA-SA) and community-acquired (CA-SA) infections worldwide. It is isolated from many human body sites, from animals and from foods, from the environment. Pathogenesis is caused by many virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. The host immune system tries to keep under control this pathogen, but many virulence factors produced by this under the regulatory systems control attack the immune system. The epidemiology of S. aureus is in permanent dynamic and is changing quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor infections, to find new effective molecules and vaccines against this pathogen. In order to reduce this problem which affects public health as a whole, the search for new therapeutic alternatives must be associated with policies to control antibiotic use. Community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections epidemiological surveillance guided by scientific studies should be constant habits among health professionals and hospitals.
THE PERFORMANCE OF A RAPID TEST FOR ANTI-HCV SCREENING IN ORAL FLUIDS.
Comănescu C, Aramă V, Grancea C … +6 more , Bleotu C, Rădulescu M, Tilişcan C, Botezatu A, Anton G, Ruţă S
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 26727853
UNLABELLED: Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva samples provide advantages for screening or sero-prevalence studies on HCV using less invasive methods. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of a rapid test f...
UNLABELLED: Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva samples provide advantages for screening or sero-prevalence studies on HCV using less invasive methods. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of a rapid test for HCV-antibodies (HCV-Ab) screening in oral fluids among high-risk individuals with chronic liver disease. METHODS: Chronic liver disease patients attending at the Matei Bals National Instiute for Infectious Diseases were recruited for this study. Plasma, GCF and saliva samples (pair samples) were collected from each patient included in the study. Forty-three sample pairs were tested with Laboquick (Koroglu Medical Devices) rapid test and ELISA (DIA.PRO--Diagnostic Bio-probes) for the detection of anti-HCV antibodies. RESULTS: Using rapid test, anti-HCV antibodies were detected in 36 GCFs (83.72%) and 24 saliva cases (55.8%) of infected subjects. For a better estimation of oral fluids positivity, the cut-off values were calculated following plotting the ROC curves (COV2). Comparing Laboquick and ELISA (COV2) data, matched results were noted in 95.3 % saliva samples and 93% GCF samples. CONCLUSIONS: Oral fluids could be an alternative to blood for detection of HCV-positive subjects. Anti-HCV rapid test may be useful in routine dental medicine.
E5HPV16 mRNA EXPRESSION PATTERN ANALYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH CERVICAL LESIONS IN VIRAL STATUS CONTEXT.
Iancu IV, Pleşa A, Botezatu A … +4 more , Huică I, Stănescu AD, Socolov D, Anton G
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 26727852
Human papilloma virus (HPV) may cause mostly transient infections of cutaneous and mucous epithelia. Persistent HPV genital infections may induce pre-malignant or malignant lesions. While E6 and E7 HPV genes' malignant c...
Human papilloma virus (HPV) may cause mostly transient infections of cutaneous and mucous epithelia. Persistent HPV genital infections may induce pre-malignant or malignant lesions. While E6 and E7 HPV genes' malignant character is known, E5 is still under debate. We evaluated the possible role of E5 gene in cervix oncogenesis, in patients with abnormal cytology and HPV1 6 positive, in the context of viral status correlated with potential targets (p21, EGFR). HPV DNA was detected and genotyped using Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test (Roche Molecular Biochemicals, Mannheim, Germany) and E2, E6, E5 HPV16, p21 and EGFR transcripts levels were investigated by qRT-PCR. Our results indicate a significantly high E5 expression in low grade cytology, expression correlated with a moderated E6 and low p21 levels. All HSIL specimens presented integrated/mixed viral forms; mixed forms presented moderate E5 expression, high levels of p21 correlates with E6 oncogene high expression. These findings indicate a potential role for E5 pattern of expression in discriminating be-tween lesions that may progress to cancer.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SHIGELLA SONNEI ISOLATES FROM ROMANIA.
Cristea D, Oprea M, Ciontea AS … +1 more , Usein CR
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 26727851
Although not endemic in the European Union and European Economic Area, shigellosis is included among the priority food- and waterborne diseases carefully surveyed by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control...
Although not endemic in the European Union and European Economic Area, shigellosis is included among the priority food- and waterborne diseases carefully surveyed by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. From 2010 to 2012, 1018 cumulated confirmed shigellosis cases were reported to the European Surveillance System by Romania. This retrospective study aimed to provide insights into the antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity of a set of Shigella sonnei isolates recovered during that period. A total of 59 S. sonnei isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing (ampicillin, cefotaxim, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, tetracycline, sulphonamides compound, trimethoprim, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin), biotyping, and molecular characterization of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and integron content. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed in order to assess the genetic relatedness of the isolates. Thirty-eight (64%) of the studied isolates displayed multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes, the most common resistance profile comprising resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, sulphonamides compound, trimethoprim, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Resistance to cefotaxim was detected in a biotype g blaCTX-M-15 and a biotype e blaCMY-2-positive isolate, respectively. Resistance to ciprofloxacin and/or nalidixic acid was detected in three MDR isolates and was due to known mutations in gyrA gene leading to aminoacid substitutions (i.e. Ser83Leu, Asp87Tyr, Asp87Gly). Either class 1 or class 2 integrons were identified in 10 isolates. Comparisons of XbaI PFGE patterns of S. sonnei isolates revealed 9 clonal groups and 6 unique patterns. The genotyping results suggested that dissemination of clonal groups of S. sonnei may have persisted over the years in Romania.
GENOMIC ANALYSIS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS STRAINS INFECTING ROMANIAN PATIENTS.
Dinu S, Târdei G, Ceausu E … +7 more , Moţoc A, Oprea C, Ungureanu E, Ene L, Duiculescu D, Cioflec DB, Oprişan G
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 26727850
Chronic hepatitis B is widespread and represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality due to the evolution to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study was designed to improve the national laboratory su...
Chronic hepatitis B is widespread and represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality due to the evolution to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study was designed to improve the national laboratory surveillance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, focusing on genomic analysis of isolates from Romanian patients. Sera from ten patients with HBV were collected and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted on a DNA fragment spanning almost the entire genome. The occurrence of mutations was assessed for each open reading frame in the viral genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed five isolates belonging to genotype A (subgenotype A2) and other five clustering with genotype D strains (subgenotype D1). Two patients treated with lamivudine were found to carry isolates harboring rtM204V lamivudine resistance mutation. An HBV isolate displaying a lamivudine complex resistance pattern, rtM204I in conjunction with rtL180M and rtA200V, was found in a lamivudine naïve patient. All samples harbored sA105P substitution, usually found in HBIg therapy escape isolates. Three of the studied strains were simultaneously displaying T1753, T1762 and A1764 mutations which in vitro induce enhanced genome replication and reduction of HBeAg expression. The sequence obtained from a patient with decompensated liver cirrhosis presents a novel type of insertion consisting of nine nucleotides between positions 260 and 261 in the X gene. Despite the small number of samples, our findings suggest the need to determine the drug resistance pattern for each patient before taking a therapeutic decision and also highlight the necessity of knowing the real level of drug resistance among HBV strains circulating in Romania.
SCREENING OF PROTEASE INHIBITORS RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN HEPATITIS C VIRUS ISOLATES INFECTING ROMANIAN PATIENTS UNEXPOSED TO TRIPLE THERAPY.
Dinu S, Calistru PI, Ceauşu E … +2 more , Târdeil G, Oprişan G
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 26727849
Although the European recommendations include the use of new antiviral drugs for the treatment of hepatitis C, in Romania the current treatment remains interferon plus ribavirin. First generation viral protease inhibitor...
Although the European recommendations include the use of new antiviral drugs for the treatment of hepatitis C, in Romania the current treatment remains interferon plus ribavirin. First generation viral protease inhibitors (i.e. boceprevir, telaprevir), which have raised the chances of obtaining viral clearance in up to 70% of infection cases produced by genotype 1 isolates, have not been introduced yet as standard treatment in our country. The success of these new antivirals is limited by the occurrence and selection of resistance mutations during therapy. We set-up a molecular study aiming to detect any resistance mutations to boceprevir and telaprevir harbored by hepatitis C isolates infecting Romanian patients naïve to viral protease inhibitors. Since these new antivirals are efficient and approved for genotype 1 infection, viral samples were genotyped following a protocol previously developed by our research group. We analyzed by both population sequencing and molecular cloning and sequencing the NS3 protease region of hepatitis C virus isolates infecting patients which were not previously exposed to boceprevir and telaprevir. All the analyzed samples were subtype 1b and resembled the samples collected in recent years from Romanian patients. Molecular cloning followed by sequencing showed great intra-host diversity, which is known to represent the source of isolates with different resistance phenotypes. Both population sequencing and molecular cloning followed by clone sequencing revealed two boceprevir resistance mutations (T54S and V55A), respectively, a telaprevir resistance mutation (T54S) in the sequences obtained from a patient with chronic hepatitis C. To our knowledge, this is the first study indicating the existence of pre-treatment resistance mutations to boceprevir and telaprevir in hepatitis C virus isolates infecting Romanian patients.
In Memoriam: Dr Geza Adalbert SZEGLI (17 January 1929-25 December 2014).
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2015 · PMID 26727848
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Short communication: Could the genexpert system be a new tool for poliovirus detection in the sewage water?
Bãicuş A
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2016 · PMID 29616534
Environmental enterovirus surveillance plays a key role in the detection and identification of importation of circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses into polio-free areas. In 2015, 2 cases of paralytic poliomyelitis ca...
Environmental enterovirus surveillance plays a key role in the detection and identification of importation of circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses into polio-free areas. In 2015, 2 cases of paralytic poliomyelitis caused by circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 1 (cVDPV1), from south-western Ukraine, bordering Romania, were confirmed. Romania was considered a country at risk and the environmental enterovirus surveillance was enhanced. In this context we tried to find a diagnosis algorithm for the rapid detection of poliovirus (PV) in the sewage water, using a combination between a rapid molecular method for human enterovirus (HEV) detection using the GeneXpert system and the virus isolation on cell culture lines. By using this algorithm, we would be able to give a rapid response in an emergency situation, such as the risk of polio importation.
Polyploidization on SK-N-MC human neuroblastoma cells infected with herpes simplex virus 1.
Karalyan Z, Izmailyan R, Karalova E … +4 more , Abroyan L, Hakobyan L, Avetisyan A, Semerjyan Z
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2016 · PMID 29616533
Polyploidization is one of the most dramatic changes occurring within cell genome owing to various reasons including under many viral infections. We examined the impact of herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) on SK-N-MC human...
Polyploidization is one of the most dramatic changes occurring within cell genome owing to various reasons including under many viral infections. We examined the impact of herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) on SK-N-MC human neuroblastoma cell line. The infected cells were followed from 6 hours up to 96 hours post infection (hpi). A large number of polyploid cells with giant nuclei was observed under the influence of HSV-1 at 24 hpi with the DNA content of 32c to 64c or more, in comparison with control SK-N-MC cells that were characterized by relatively moderate values of ploidy, i.e. 8с to 16с (where 1c is the haploid amount of nuclear DNA found in normal diploid populations in G0/G1). After 48-96 hpi, the population of polyploid cells with giant nuclei decreased to the benchmark level. The SK-NMC cells infected with HSV-1 for 24 hours were stained with gallocyanine and monitored for cytological features. The infected cells underwent virus induced cellcell and nuclei fusion with the formation of dense nuclei syncytium. The metabolic activity of HSV-1 infected cells was higher in both nuclei and nucleoli when compared to control cells.
Characterization of MRSA strains by phenotypic and OCR-based methods.
Luncã C, Iancu LS, Vremerã T … +2 more , Tuchiluş CG, Dorneanu O
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2016 · PMID 29616532
With the emergence and spread of new methicilin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, control of dissemination, both in hospitals and in the community, requires the molecular characterization of the circulating...
With the emergence and spread of new methicilin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, control of dissemination, both in hospitals and in the community, requires the molecular characterization of the circulating strains in order to establish their dynamics and identify the sources of infection. During this study we analyzed the MRSA isolates by means of PCR-based methods in order to improve epidemiological surveillance and early application of prevention measures. The presence of mecA, nuc, lukF-PV and lukS-PV genes, as well as SCCmec types was assessed in relation to clinical characteristics and multidrug resistance (MDR) for 86 MRSA isolates and showed that 51% of MDR strains were carriers of mobile genetic elements SCCmec IV and the majority of non-MDR SCCmec type IV strains were PVL-positive (81.8%). Comparison of diagnostic methods showed that PBP2 detection represents an extremely useful alternative to PCR for the rapid screening of MRSA isolates, in laboratories that lack facilities necessary for molecular diagnosis, such as PFGE (Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis), spa-typing and/or MLST (Multilocus Sequence Typing).
Effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection on the expression profile of transient receptor potential-like (TRPL) gene from Drosophila melanogaster.
Mihalache (Radu) MR, Raþiu AC, Neagu A … +3 more , Lazãr V, Chifiriuc MC, Ecovoiu AA
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2016 · PMID 29616531
In an endeavor to monitor the effects of experimental infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa on gene expression profiles of the eukaryotic model host, we focused on transient receptor potential-like (trpl) pleiotropic ge...
In an endeavor to monitor the effects of experimental infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa on gene expression profiles of the eukaryotic model host, we focused on transient receptor potential-like (trpl) pleiotropic gene of Drosophila melanogaster (the fruit fly). Herein we report qRT-PCR data derived from experimental infections of male fruit flies with different genetic backgrounds by pricking and ingesta procedures, as compared to previous results obtained by microarray technology consecutive to ingesta experiments. Whenever statistically significant, the qRT-PCR results obtained for the whole body and intestine of Oregon wild-type flies infected with P. aeruginosa are in agreement with the microarray ones. Both expression profiling technologies revealed similar values of downregulation, supporting the robustness of trpl as a novel gene model for inquiring hostpathogen interactions. On the other hand, the downregulation of trpl in gammaCop mutant males is not confirmed by qRT-PCR data, suggesting that this mutant background is more sensitive to environmental and experimental conditions.
Resistance pattern of multi-drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and characteristics of patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.
Moisoiu A, Mitran CI, Mitran MI … +6 more , Huhu MR, Ioghen OC, Gheorghe AS, Tampa M, Georgescu SR, Popa MI
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2016 · PMID 29616530
INTRODUCTION: Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major concern in the medical community. Knowledge about the drug resistance pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains plays an essential role in the manag...
INTRODUCTION: Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major concern in the medical community. Knowledge about the drug resistance pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains plays an essential role in the management of the disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, 3-year study (2009-2011), in an urban area. We collected data on the drug resistance for 497 M. tuberculosis strains, isolated from patients with pulmonary TB. Among the 497 strains, we identified 158 MDR strains. Eighty medical recorders of patients infected with MDR strains were available and we included those patients in the study group. RESULTS: Of the 497 analysed strains, 8% were resistant to a single anti-TB drug. We identified 5.2% polyresistant drug strains, the most frequent combination being INH+EMB (1.4%). Of the 158 MDR strains identified (31.8%), over 60% were resistant to all first line anti-TB drugs tested. Most of them presented resistance to STM (86.1%) and EMB (67.7%). With respect to second line anti-TB drugs resistance to KM (23.4%) was the most common, followed by OFX (8.2%). With respect to the patients with MDR-TB, a percentage of 61.2% of them had a history of anti-TB treatment. Regarding lifestyle habits, 61.2% of the patients were smokers and 18.8% were abusing alcohol. Out of 51 patients, for whom information was available regarding their occupation, only 33.3 % were employees. CONCLUSION: MDR strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis display an increased resistance to first line anti-TB drugs. Extension of resistance to second line anti-TB drugs narrows the therapeutic options. Knowledge of MDR-TB risk factors is imperative for the correct and rapid initiation of the treatment.
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