Roumanian Archives Of Microbiology And Immunology[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Expression signature of some immunity genes triggered in Apis mellifera carpatica model by Pseudomonas entomophila experimental infection.
Neagu A, Raþiu AC, Mihalache (Radu) MR … +3 more , Lazãr V, Chifiriuc MC, Ecovoiu AA
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2016 · PMID 29616529
Herein we report the expression profiles of certain immunity genes from Apis mellifera carpatica worker individuals experimentally infected with Pseudomonas entomophila L48 strain. Changes of the relative expression of a...
Herein we report the expression profiles of certain immunity genes from Apis mellifera carpatica worker individuals experimentally infected with Pseudomonas entomophila L48 strain. Changes of the relative expression of abaecin, Relish, dorsal, Toll-1, domeless, and Duox genes were monitored by qRT-PCR. Our results were compared with similar ones from Drosophila melanogaster model and suggest that these genes are involved in the anti-infective defense mechanisms. Our study opens investigation avenues for modern prophylactic and therapeutic approaches of infections affecting the honeybees, but also for identifying new orthologous genes involved in the human innate immune response.
The impact of the molecular diagnosis in the surveillance of the Clostridium difficile infection.
Bãicuş A, Cîrstoiu M, Lambru K … +2 more , Plata F, Cîrstoiu CF
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2016 · PMID 29616528
Clostridium difficile is the agent of many cases of antibiotic associated diarrhea. The prevalence of the toxigenic Clostridium difficile strains was assessed by real-time PCR between May 2014- January 2015, at the Emerg...
Clostridium difficile is the agent of many cases of antibiotic associated diarrhea. The prevalence of the toxigenic Clostridium difficile strains was assessed by real-time PCR between May 2014- January 2015, at the Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. The incidence of the Clostridium difficile infection was 0.47%. Among the 1119 stool specimens tested, 165 (13.8%) were positive for C. difficile toxins A and B by immunochromatography test. All 165 positive samples were investigated by real time PCR and 134 (81%) samples were positive for toxin B and for the binary toxin, while the rest were positive for toxin B. A high number of samples positive for binary toxin was recorded in the General surgery department (29.85%), Neurology (13.43%), and Internal medicine (12.68%). Many of the infected patients presented as underlying pathology, cancer, diabetes mellitus and stroke. A rapid decision concerning the antibiotic therapy was made, to decrease the risk of nosocomial spread.
Retrospective study reveals the circulation of norovirus genotype GII.P21-GII.2 in Romania.
Dinu S, Szmal C, Damian M … +1 more , Oprişan G
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2016 · PMID 29616527
Noroviruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis, causing significant economic burden globally. Infection is self-limiting, occurring as sporadic cases or producing outbreaks associated with consumption of cont...
Noroviruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis, causing significant economic burden globally. Infection is self-limiting, occurring as sporadic cases or producing outbreaks associated with consumption of contaminated water or food. All age groups are affected and person to person transmission is frequent. Except a recent outbreak in Romania caused by the emergent genotype GII.P17-GII.17, few data regarding the circulation of noroviruses in our country are available. We retrospectively analyzed stool samples from acute gastroenteritis patients hospitalized in Romania between 2005 and 2008. Noroviruses were detected by RT-PCR and phylogenetic analysis was inferred from partial sequences spanning ORF1 and ORF2. Recombinant GII.P21-GII.2 isolates were found in two adult patients from a cluster of acute gastroenteritis in 2006. Molecular analysis based on partial genomic sequences indicated high degree of similarity between the two isolates and grouped them with cosmopolitan strains circulating in the same period of time. Along with the high rate of mutation, recombination is an important driving force in norovirus evolution. GII.P21 isolates, formerly known as GII.b recombinants, have been detected in Europe since 2000 and associated with sporadic cases and outbreaks of gastroenteritis worldwide. This is the first work describing norovirus GII.P21-GII.2 identified in Romania.
ROLE OF SALMONELLA SEROLOGY A CENTURY AFTER THE WIDAL ERA.
Năşcuţiu AM
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 26201126
Typhoid fever remains an important health burden in the developing world, whereas non-typhoid salmonelloses are one of the most common food-borne illnesses throughout the world and can be subjected to extra-intestinal co...
Typhoid fever remains an important health burden in the developing world, whereas non-typhoid salmonelloses are one of the most common food-borne illnesses throughout the world and can be subjected to extra-intestinal complications. Culture is the gold standard for diagnosing a Salmonella infection. Serology can also provide evidence of infection. Serological methods for the diagnosis of Salmonella infections in humans and animals vary widely and can as well be used in epidemiologic studies to detect carriers, to assess infection rates, disease burden and vaccine responses. As with all serology, detecting antibody titers in Salmonella infections has its limits, mainly related to low sensitivity and specificity, high running costs, and antibody kinetics and peculiarities. Fast and more or less reliable immunoassays which detect Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi are commercially available. Veterinary and food sectors are well-provided with commercially tests for non-typhoid salmonellosis, while most immunoassays for non-typhoid human Salmonella diagnosis are developed and used in-house mainly for research or surveillance purposes. So far, there is no international consensus for the development of such serological tests for routine diagnostics. 119 years after the observations made by George Fernand Isidore Widal, this work intends to review and analyze the present state of facts and controversies in the field of Salmonella serology.
ROMANIAN SCIENTISTS IN THE NOMINATION DATABASE FOR THE NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSIOLOGY OR MEDICINE, 1901-1951.
Cernescu C
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 26201125
Nobelprize.org site is the most reliable and complete resource of information on the Nobel Prize and the Nobel Laureates. The nomination database for Physiology or Medicine, 1901-1951, offers exciting facts about the Rom...
Nobelprize.org site is the most reliable and complete resource of information on the Nobel Prize and the Nobel Laureates. The nomination database for Physiology or Medicine, 1901-1951, offers exciting facts about the Romanian Schools of Medicine from Bucharest, Iaşi and Cluj. Between 1920-1950, four Romanian scientists were nominated for the Nobel Prize: Victor Babeş (1854-1926), Ion Cantacuzino (1863-1934), Thoma Ionescu (1860-1926) and Constantin Levaditi (1874-1953). This paper discusses these nominees, the nominators and the motivations, as well as the specific publications that endorse the candidates' scientific activity. Recommendations made by Romanian professors for foreign researchers to receive the Nobel Prize are also included.
MECHANISMS OF THROMBOSIS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS.
Metoni A, Mambet C, Necula LG … +7 more , Aldea IM, Neagu AI, Matei L, Dragu D, Bleotu C, Ion DA, Diaconu CC
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 26201124
Thrombotic events are highly prevalent in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Antiphospholipid antibodies play an essential role in promoting thrombosis by activating several intracellular signaling pathways (TLR4, p38MA...
Thrombotic events are highly prevalent in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Antiphospholipid antibodies play an essential role in promoting thrombosis by activating several intracellular signaling pathways (TLR4, p38MAPK, NFkB) in platelets, monocytes and endothelial cells. New therapeutic opportunities might be offered by addressing these molecular targets. Chronic inflammatory status, the degree of disease activity and accelerated atherosclerosis are also responsible for the thrombotic phenotype in patients with SLE. The aim of this review is to highlight thrombosis mechanisms and to look for possible connection between SLE, antiphospholipid antibodies and cancer, especially myeloproliferative neoplasms.
MICRORNA BIOGENESIS AND ITS ROLE IN HIV-1 INFECTION.
Roşca A, Anton G, Ruţă S
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 26201123
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small- 19-24 nucleotides, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate translational and post-translational processes through mRNA degradation and protein translation repression, or sometimes through heter...
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small- 19-24 nucleotides, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate translational and post-translational processes through mRNA degradation and protein translation repression, or sometimes through heterochromatin formation or activation of protein translation. Lately, miRNA are investigated as predictive biomarkers for the evolution and prognosis of viral diseases, as well as therapeutic targets. Although the role of non-coding RNA molecules during HIV infection is not yet fully elucidated, several studies have reported strong correlations between cellular and viral miRNA expression and the immunologic and virological status of infected patients. Some studies have proven the existence of host cellular miRNA able to influence all important steps in HIV replicative cycle and to interfere with the establishment of latent infection in CD4+ cells. Although the function and existence of viral encoded miRNA remains controversial, new studies have shown their potential in modulating the host cell response or the efficiency of viral replication. This review aims to summarize the current level of knowledge in the interaction between miRNA and HIV-1 and to describe new therapeutic strategies entailing miRNAs as new and potent players in controlling viral infectivity, replication and latency.
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS STRAINS ISOLATED FROM INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS.
Oprea M, Patriche DS, Străuţ M … +1 more , Antohe F
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 26201122
Infective endocarditis (IE) is an infection of the heart endothelium and valves and is frequently a consequence of a sanguine flow turbulence and injury of endocardium. Recent studies revealed an increase of Staphylococc...
Infective endocarditis (IE) is an infection of the heart endothelium and valves and is frequently a consequence of a sanguine flow turbulence and injury of endocardium. Recent studies revealed an increase of Staphylococcus aureus strains involved in IE, but no evident correlations between the genetic background of this bacterium and IE involvement of certain strains have been found yet. In this study we analyzed the virulence profile, including adhesins, exotoxins, superantigens and biofilm determinants, along with agr type detection, for S. aureus strains isolated from IE, versus non-IE originating strains. We performed also bacterial typing (SCCmec typing, spa-typing and MLST typing), in order to compare our strains with international databases repositories. Although the study was carried out on a reduced number of isolates, our observations confirm the previous works, showing that no major differences were observed between the genetic backgrounds of the two groups of strains analyzed. Notably, the added value of this study was optimization of two new multiplex PCR protocols, and the enrichment of international databases with three new spa-types, three new MLST alleles and four new MLST sequence types.
SERUM ALPHA FETOPROTEIN, A SURROGATE MARKER FOR LIVER DISEASE PROGRESSION IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C.
Sultana C, Diţă C, Botescu A … +2 more , Grancea C, Ruţă S
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 26201121
Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is a commonly used marker in the screening for hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aims to evaluate the value of AFP as an early predictor of the evolution of chronic hepatitis C. In a retr...
Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is a commonly used marker in the screening for hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aims to evaluate the value of AFP as an early predictor of the evolution of chronic hepatitis C. In a retrospective study on 116 HCV-infected patients (62.9% females, mean age 49.13 ± 1.73 years), increased levels of serum AFP (> 7 ng/mL) were found in 39.7% of cases. High serum AFP levels were more frequently detected in older patients and in those with severe fibrosis and cirrhosis (62.2% and 76.9% respectively vs. 11.6% in those without significant fibrosis, p = 0.0001). Increased AFP levels were significantly associated with markers of hepatic cytolysis (ALT- r = 0.245, p = 0.009 and AST r = 0.441, p = 0.0001) and cholestasis (GGT level-r = 0.947, p = 0.000 1), but not with HCV viral load. A predictive model based on AFP level and routinely monitored biochemical markers of liver fibrosis and necroinflammatory activity can be a useful clinical tool in chronic HCV infection.
IS THERE A DIFFERENCE IN THE INCIDENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IN PATIENTS WITH SOME CHRONIC DISEASES?
Constantinescu CA, Constantinescu EM
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 26201120
Globally, Helicobacter pylori infection is estimated to be present in two-thirds of the population. This longitudinal, observational, comparative case-control study conducted in the county of Braşov on 763 subjects split...
Globally, Helicobacter pylori infection is estimated to be present in two-thirds of the population. This longitudinal, observational, comparative case-control study conducted in the county of Braşov on 763 subjects split into two groups: one with Helicobacter pylori infection (412 people) and the other without infection (351 people) allowed us to compare our results with other international epidemiological studies. Thus, statistical interpretation of results indicates diabetes as an indifferent factor in the interrelation with Helicobacter pylori infection, while asthma and hypertension might be considered as protective factors.
Status of immunity against poliomyelitis in the acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases in Romania between 2009-2012.
Băicuş A
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 25518572
Poliovirus (PV), a member of the Enterovirus genus, is the etiological agent of poliomyelitis, an acute paralytic disease. No poliovirus strain has been isolated in Romania since 2009. A serosurvey study carried out betw...
Poliovirus (PV), a member of the Enterovirus genus, is the etiological agent of poliomyelitis, an acute paralytic disease. No poliovirus strain has been isolated in Romania since 2009. A serosurvey study carried out between 2009-2012, that involved 76 serum samples from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases, showed a low protection level in the examined subjects against type 1 (80%), type 2 (79%) and type 3 (71%) poliovirus Sabin strains. Samples with titers ≥ 1:8 were considered positive. Suboptimal seroprevalence in the AFP cases confirmed that a high level of immunization against polio must be assured in our country, because the risk of importation and subsequent transmission of the poliovirus remains until polio is globally eradicated.
Immunological investigations in prostatic pathology--a prospective study.
Spînu D, Mischianu D, Surcel M … +8 more , Huică R, Munteanu A, Pîrvu I, Ciotaru D, Bratu O, Farcaş C, Manache Ş, Ursaciuc C
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 25518571
BACKGROUND: BPH with prostatitis represents one of the most common urological pathologies affecting most men. The etiology of both conditions remains at the discretion of the various assumptions. OBJECTIVES: The body's c...
BACKGROUND: BPH with prostatitis represents one of the most common urological pathologies affecting most men. The etiology of both conditions remains at the discretion of the various assumptions. OBJECTIVES: The body's cellular immune response in prostate adenoma is a less studied aspect which we have focused on, in this paper. The correlation with a wide range of information from specific investigations such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and total histopathology was the secondary aim of this work. METHODS: The study included 31 patients who underwent surgery for prostate adenoma (TUR-P, simple prostatectomy) between 08.2013 and 03.2014. Patients presenting urinary tract infection were excluded from the study. Preoperative evaluation of the immunological examination consisted of lymphocyte immunophenotyping (T, B, NK cells) from peripheral blood performed by flow cytometry. Total PSA was performed in serum by enzyme immunoassay EIA. RESULTS: In all forms of anatomoclinical BPH we found the presence of two major cellular changes: decrease of suppressor/cytotoxic T-cells and decrease of B cells. These deficits may confer an increased susceptibility to viral infection and tumor transformation. NK cells were grown in BPH associated with inflammation. PSA-prostate specific antigen values were grown at less than 50% of the patients in all clinical forms of BPH.
KIR genotyping in the selected population in Andhra Pradesh (India).
Vaishnav G, Krupanidhi S, Sanjeevi CB
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 25518570
BACKGROUND: The population is not always homogeneous in relation to the representation and functioning of genes. Therefore, the presence of allogenicity is a universal phenomenon. The profound variability is noticed amon...
BACKGROUND: The population is not always homogeneous in relation to the representation and functioning of genes. Therefore, the presence of allogenicity is a universal phenomenon. The profound variability is noticed among the members of the human population with reference to the resistance against infections and late onset of diseases. In this line, a few sets of alleles which come under the domain of immune function namely KIRs (Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor genes) and HLA-I have been chosen to report in the population of Puttaparthi (India). OBJECTIVES: The genotyping of the population is the current ongoing focus of our team wherein the distribution of the following alleles has been taken up in the mixed ethnic groups of Puttaparthi as a prelude to earmark them as genotypic markers in future studies relating to susceptible diseases. METHODS: The PCR protocols for the identified immune related genes viz., KIR- 2DL1, 2DL2, 2DL3, 2DL4, 2DL5, 3DL1, 3DL2, 3DL3, 3DS1, 2DS1, 2DS2, 2DS3, 2DS4, 2DS5, 2DP1, 3DP1; HLA- C1 and HLA-C2 have been standardized. RESULTS & INTERPRETATION: In the present study, except KIR 2DL2, the other non-framework inhibitory KIR genes were represented at higher percentage and ranged from 57% to 80% in the chosen population which would suggest its higher survival adaptation. Interestingly, the majority of activating KIR genes were least represented and varied between 5% to 32.5% which is also in compliance with the survival adaptation of the chosen population. The carrier gene frequencies of KIRs were compared with the other populations' viz., Chinese Mongolian, Chinese Han, Greek and Brazilian data. The expected heterozygosity of KIR alleles and their rank in gene diversity among the population of Puttaparthi were also discussed.
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of alcoholic extracts obtained from vegetative organs of A. retroflexus.
Marinaş IC, Chifiriuc C, Oprea E … +1 more , Lazăr V
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 25518569
In vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Amaranthus retroflexus leaves and inflorescence alcoholic (ethanol 70%) extracts of various concentrations ranging from 0.78 to 400 μL/ml were analyzed on different cl...
In vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Amaranthus retroflexus leaves and inflorescence alcoholic (ethanol 70%) extracts of various concentrations ranging from 0.78 to 400 μL/ml were analyzed on different clinical and reference bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtills, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii) and fungal strains (Candida albicans, C. famata, C. utilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) using agar disk diffusion method and broth dilution method (MIC determination) for antimicrobial activity and TEAC (Trolox capacity) assay for the evaluation of the antioxidant activity. The adapted diffusion method was used to test the antimicrobial effect of the extracts separately and in combination with a range of standard antibiotics, in order to evidence any synergic effects of A. retroflexus extracts on the antibiotics activity. The extracts showed the highest inhibitory effect against K. pneumoniae and B. subtilis with no activity against S. aureus among the bacterial strains, while in case of the fungal strains the most intensive effect was exhibited against C. famata by both extracts. The A. retroflexus leaves extract improved the ciprofloxacin and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid activity towards the P. aeruginosa clinical strain. The inflorescences extract significantly increased chloramphenicol activity on B. subtilis strain. The antioxidant activity assay showed that the studied extracts exhibited the ability to neutralize the free radicals leading to the conclusion that the tested extracts bear compounds with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity that could represent a potential alternative for treating various infectious diseases.
Hematology references for three laboratory mice strains.
Marinescu B, Isvoranu G, Anghelache L … +1 more , Cionca F
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 25518568
The paper contains reference data for the main haematologic indicators from three strains of conventional mice: Balb/c, C57BL/6 and CD1. These data listed include the mean and the standard deviation of the studied values...
The paper contains reference data for the main haematologic indicators from three strains of conventional mice: Balb/c, C57BL/6 and CD1. These data listed include the mean and the standard deviation of the studied values. The animals used were divided by sex (sex ratio 1:1) and age. The study was performed in standard conditions. These strains were chosen as they are widely used for preclinical evaluations. Therefore, our data are expected to be useful for investigators conducting qualitative and quantitative toxicity studies in these mice.
Differentiation of influenza B lineages from clinical samples by one-step real-time RT-PCR.
Cherciu CM, Necula G, Mihai ME … +5 more , Ivanciuc AE, Lazăr M, Ţecu C, Piţigoi D, Lupulescu E
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 25518567
BACKGROUND: Influenza viruses type A and type B are a leading cause of annual epidemics in human populations. Since the 1970s, influenza B viruses have diverged into two antigenically distinct virus lineages called the Y...
BACKGROUND: Influenza viruses type A and type B are a leading cause of annual epidemics in human populations. Since the 1970s, influenza B viruses have diverged into two antigenically distinct virus lineages called the Yamagata and Victoria lineages. We describe the validation and implementation of a one-step real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) assay that can differentiate between the two genetic lineages of type B. METHODS: Validation of rRT-PCR method was carried out using quantified positive control and reference influenza viruses with specific minor groove binder (MGB) probes. The assay was applied on 102 clinical specimens detected positive for influenza type B. RESULTS: Detection limit was found to be as low as 7.95 RNA copies per reaction. The interassay variability and intra-assay variability were found to be low, and comparable for Yamagata and Victoria lineages. No cross-reactivity with the tested subtypes of influenza type A, known to cause human infections, was noticed. Differentiation of influenza B lineages by rRT-PCR was successfully achieved on all of the known positive type B samples. From the total number of clinical specimens tested, 85 samples belonged to B/Yamagata and 17 samples to B/Victoria lineage. CONCLUSION: Differentiation of genetic lineage B influenza virus circulating in Romania in the next seasons by one-step real-time RT-PCR method will supplement the classical test, haemagglutination inhibition (HI), which requires growing of the virus. This method can be advantageous for a balanced selection of samples, in case of lineages co-circulation, for genetic and antigenic characterization.
Seroprevalence study of anti diphtheria antibodies in two age-groups of Romanian adults.
Dragomirescu CC, Coldea IL, Ilie A … +3 more , Stănescu A, Ungureanu V, Popa MI
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 25518566
BACKGROUND: Diphtheria represents a serious infectious disease with high epidemic potential. It is a vaccine preventable disease (a minimum vaccine coverage of 95% for children of 1 year and 90% in adults could prevent t...
BACKGROUND: Diphtheria represents a serious infectious disease with high epidemic potential. It is a vaccine preventable disease (a minimum vaccine coverage of 95% for children of 1 year and 90% in adults could prevent the disease). Diphtheria vaccination is included in the National Immunization Program (NIP). Complete vaccination for children consists in DTaP (diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine) vaccine administration from the age of 2 months until 4 years and dT vaccine (tetanus toxoid and a reduced dose of diphtheria toxoid) at 14 years old. The aim of this paper was to highlight the protection against diphtheria of an age segment of the Romanian adult population (20 to 39 years old) using a seroprevalence study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Romanian subjects were selected from two age groups: 20-29 years (n = 219) and 30-39 years (n = 229), representative for all counties of Romania. The commercial kit Anti-Diphtheria Toxoid ELISA (IgG) (EUROIMMUN) was used to detect the antibodies of IgG class against diphtheria toxoid in the sera obtained from our subjects. RESULTS: We detected a 56.6% rate of positive sera (> 0.1 IU/ml--protection level) for the 20-29 age group and 31.7% positivity for the 30-39 age group. These data show a low protection level against diphtheria of the Romanian adult population, which decreases with age. The serologic data on preventable vaccine diseases are useful in order to evaluate the success of the immunization programs.
Molecular detection of nine antibiotic resistance genes in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
Adwan G, Adwan K, Jarrar N … +1 more , Amleh A
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 25518565
This study aimed to evaluate the relation between the phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility patterns and the antibiotic resistance genes and to investigate the prevalence of macrolide, lincosamides, streptogramin, aminogl...
This study aimed to evaluate the relation between the phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility patterns and the antibiotic resistance genes and to investigate the prevalence of macrolide, lincosamides, streptogramin, aminoglycoside and tetracycline resistance genes among MRSA isolates. A total of 55 clinical MRSA isolates were included in this study, antibiotic resistance was conducted by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, broth microdilution assay and multiplex PCR technique. Our results showed that there was no discordance between conventional susceptibility testing and gene detection by multiplex PCR assay. The prevalence of erm(A), erm(C), tetK, tetM, aacA-aphD, vat(A), vat(B) and vat(C) gene among MRSA isolates was 30.9%, 74.5%, 76.4%, 16.4%, 74.5%, 1.8%, 0% and 5.5%, respectively. These MRSA strains belonged to SCCmec types II, III, IVa and V. Rapid and reliable method for antibiotic susceptibility is important to determine the appropriate therapy decision. Multiplex PCR can be used for confirmation of the results obtained by disk diffusion method or could be used as an alternative diagnostic method in the routine diagnosis for rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of MRSA associated antibiotic resistance genes.
Escherichia coli ST131 causing invasive infections in Romanian patients--a threat we can no longer ignore.
Usein CR, Condei M, Cristea D … +4 more , Ciontea SA, Tatu-Chiţoiu D, Cristea V, Străuţ M
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2014 · PMID 25518564
Escherichia coli sequence type ST131 is a major pandemic clonal group of drug-resistant extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) involved in community-onset and healthcare-associated infections. Thus far, its presence...
Escherichia coli sequence type ST131 is a major pandemic clonal group of drug-resistant extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) involved in community-onset and healthcare-associated infections. Thus far, its presence in our area has been paid little attention. This is a preliminary study intended to detect ST131 among 87 clinical isolates retrieved from a larger and unpublished E. coli collection. The study isolates originated from various specimens associated with invasive infections (blood, deep surgical wounds/abscesses, tracheal aspirates, pleural fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, and peritoneal fluid) and were collected between 2010 and 2014. Based on the main inclusion criteria, resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) and/or fluoroquinolones (FQs), the isolates were distributed in three categories: isolates with resistance to FQs (20 isolates), to ESCs (8 isolates), and to FQs and ESCs (59 isolates), respectively. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) -based assays were performed to determine the major phylogenetic groups, to predict the MLST ST131 status, and to detect the bla(CTX-M) content of the ESC-resistant isolates. Overall, the studied isolates derived from phylogenetic groups B2 (42 isolates), A (30 isolates), B1 (11 isolates), and D (4 isolates). Thirty-five isolates, originating from blood (26 isolates), deep wounds (6 isolates), tracheal aspirates (2 isolates), and cerebrospinal fluid (1 isolate), were identified as members of O25b:H4 ST131. Most of them displayed resistance to both ESCs and FQs and harboured group 1 bla(CRX-M) genes. The emergence of ST131 in our region can no longer be ignored. Focused attention to this lineage could reduce infection-related morbidity and antibiotic resistance.
Resveratrol modulates apoptosis in 5-fluorouracyl treated colon cancer cell lines.
Hotnog D, Mihăilă M, Lancu IV … +5 more , Matei GG, Hotnog C, Anton G, Bostan M, Braşoveanu LI
Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol · 2013 · PMID 24923109
Since cancer is a cellular disease, it is essential to identify the development stages and use the information in the prediction, prevention, early detection and design of drug targets. Colon cancer represents a malignan...
Since cancer is a cellular disease, it is essential to identify the development stages and use the information in the prediction, prevention, early detection and design of drug targets. Colon cancer represents a malignancy with high incidence and mortality throughout the world, its etiology involving many genetic, immunological and biochemical factors. 5-fluorouracyl (5-FU) is one of the most effective anti-cancer agents used in the treatment of colorectal cancers, but tumor chemoresistance is a major limiting factor of its use. In order to choose the most effective chemotherapeutic doses of 5-FU, and thereby diminish the side-effects, we tried to modulate the anticancer properties of 5-FU by adding dietary natural compounds. The study focused on the role of natural compounds as resveratrol (RSV) in sensitization of LoVo human colon adenocarcinoma cell line to 5-FU action. Real-time cell analysis (RTCA) by xCELLigence System was used to continuously monitor the cytotoxic effects of drug treatments on LoVo cells. RTCA allowed us to choose the proper concentrations for further end-point assays, such as flow-cytometry techniques used for the evaluation of apoptotic events, progression through cell cycle phases or nuclear antigen expression of compound-treated LoVo cells. Data obtained showed additional effects of RSV to 5-FU treatments on the increase ofapoptotic events, and suggested alternative approaches to obtain a stronger antitumor response, and diminished side-effects when low concentrations of anti-cancer drugs are used. Modulation of the mechanisms of programmed cell death process seem to be of great importance for malignant transformation, and therefore for anti-cancer therapeutic approaches.
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