Journal Of Health And Human Services Administration[JOURNAL]
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200 papers
Evaluation of cross-disciplinary training on the co-occurrence of domestic violence and child victimization: overcoming barriers to collaboration.
Haas SM, Bauer-Leffler S, Turley E
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 22359846
The co-occurrence of child abuse and domestic violence has gained increasing attention over the last several years. As a result, there have been a number of efforts around the country to cross-train domestic violence and...
The co-occurrence of child abuse and domestic violence has gained increasing attention over the last several years. As a result, there have been a number of efforts around the country to cross-train domestic violence and child welfare workers. Many of these initiatives are based on recommendations derived from prior research which emphasizes the importance of cross training child welfare workers, domestic violence advocates, and others in order to enhance interagency collaborations and ultimately improve the handling of co-occurrence cases. Using a survey design and two samples of child protective service (CPS) workers were drawn, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of a statewide initiative to improve inter-agency collaboration through a series of cross-disciplinary trainings. Special attention is also given to the identification of barriers and their potential role in shaping collaboration. While this study did not find significant changes in CPS workers' knowledge, attitudes, or self-reported levels of collaboration overall as a result of the training, collaboration was found to be related to increased knowledge and positive attitudes toward collaboration post training. The findings further demonstrate that efforts to cross-train staff can change the way CPS workers view the presence of some barriers to collaboration. Implications for future research and strategies for enhancing inter-agency collaboration in co-occurrence cases are discussed.
Asthma education information source preferences and their relationship to asthma knowledge.
Zahradnik A
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 22359845
This study recounts the findings from a year-long survey of Brooklyn residents. Survey respondents were questioned about their knowledge of asthma signs, triggers, symptoms and their attitudes and beliefs about asthma. I...
This study recounts the findings from a year-long survey of Brooklyn residents. Survey respondents were questioned about their knowledge of asthma signs, triggers, symptoms and their attitudes and beliefs about asthma. If they had asthma or were responsible for a child or adult who had asthma they were asked questions to determine how well that asthma was controlled. They were also questioned about their preferred sources of asthma information. Descriptive and inferential statistics indicate that the survey respondents (mostly African American, middle aged, females) were generally knowledgeable about asthma, although they shared some misconceptions about asthma treatments and triggers. They showed a marked preference for obtaining their asthma information from traditional Western medicine providers rather than friends, family members, alternative or complimentary medicine providers or spiritual leaders. This information is useful in guiding investments of time and resources for asthma education programs addressing such audiences. It is also useful for planning health care education programs for a variety of disorders, including high blood pressure and diabetes.
Health disparity: time delay in the treatment of breast cancer in Louisiana.
Ferdaus R, Kim MS, Larson JS
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 22359844
Previous studies have suggested that breast cancer patients with a delay of three months or more in initiating radiotherapy after breast conservative surgery, have increased recurrence and lower survival than those witho...
Previous studies have suggested that breast cancer patients with a delay of three months or more in initiating radiotherapy after breast conservative surgery, have increased recurrence and lower survival than those without treatment delay. In this study, the inequalities in receiving radiation on time after surgery were identified in five areas--patient's age at diagnosis, race, size of the facility where the patient received treatment, teaching status of the facilities and geographical location where the patient received treatment. All patients studied were female patients. Women younger than 50 years of age, of the black race, receiving treatment in a teaching hospital, and who were treated by surgeons in southeast and central Louisiana were more likely to experience delay in receiving radiotherapy after breast conservative surgery than their counterparts. Patient's insurance status, marital status and SES did not have any influence on treatment delay. Also, the surgeon's practice age at diagnosis, the surgeon's medical school, facility ownership status and Commission on Cancer approval status did not show significant effect.
Practical nurses' health and safety in nursing homes.
Palumbo MV, McLaughlin V, McIntosh B … +1 more , Rambur B
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 22359843
PURPOSE: Practical nurses (PNs) rated their general and emotional health and their employers' attention to their health and safety. These components were examined in relationship to work setting and intention to leave fo...
PURPOSE: Practical nurses (PNs) rated their general and emotional health and their employers' attention to their health and safety. These components were examined in relationship to work setting and intention to leave for the purpose of exploring workforce issues involving these important care providers of frail elders. DESIGN/METHODS: A relicensure survey mailed to all PNs in one rural state included the Minimum Data Set for nurse workforce supply plus questions from the Health and Retirement Survey. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric ANOVA, t-test, and chi-square tests. RESULTS: Of the state's working PNs, 813 responded, (71%) and 34% (n=269) reported nursing home employment. Overall, age and work role were not significantly associated with self-rated general health (p=0.14 and p=0.12). Males reported poorer general (p=0.09) and emotional (p=0.004) health. PNs working in nursing homes rated their general and emotional health lower than PNs in other settings (p<0.001). Of the PNs in nursing homes, 28% reported they were likely to leave their position within one year, versus 19% in other work settings (p=0.003). PNs with higher evaluations of their employer safety practices were less likely to leave. IMPLICATIONS: Understanding PNs perceived general/emotional health and perceptions of workplace health/safety efforts can inform interventions to reduce turnover.
Economic impact of public sector spending on health care.
Hy RJ
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 22106548
Public sector spending on health care clearly has a positive economic impact on local communities. Not only does such spending provide residents with better health care, but it is widely recognized as an investment that...
Public sector spending on health care clearly has a positive economic impact on local communities. Not only does such spending provide residents with better health care, but it is widely recognized as an investment that returns continual dividends in the form of better jobs, higher incomes, and additional state and local tax revenues. The results of a static input/output model shows that public sector spending on health care of approximately $46 billion (in 2009 dollars) in the state of Texas yields over 588,000 jobs, $74.2 billion in total output, $26.3 billion in personal income, $22 billion in employee compensation, and $1.8 billion in state and local taxes; it clearly has a considerable positive economic impact on local economies and their quest for economic development.
Examining the social, emotional and behavioral needs of youth involved in the child welfare and juvenile justice systems.
Neely-Barnes S, Whitted K
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 22106547
This study assesses the social, emotional and behavioral symptoms of 2,575 youth who were receiving behavioral health services from a private provider agency, either in an out of home placement (e.g., foster care home, a...
This study assesses the social, emotional and behavioral symptoms of 2,575 youth who were receiving behavioral health services from a private provider agency, either in an out of home placement (e.g., foster care home, a group home or a residential treatment facility) or in their own home (through the In-Home Services Program). The findings suggest the prevalence of symptoms in each of the domains (i.e., conduct problems, emotional problems, ADHD, and peer problems) were relatively high compared to the general population. Over 50% of the youth had conduct problems in the borderline or abnormal range, more than 35% had hyperactivity and peer problems subscale scores in the borderline or abnormal range, and almost 25% of the youth reported symptoms of emotional problems in the borderline or abnormal range. Youth's social, emotional and behavioral problems varied by gender, race/ethnicity and age group.
Management of human resources associated with misuse of prescription drugs: analysis of a national survey.
Lee D, Ross MW
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 22106546
Nonmedical use of prescription drugs is increasingly prevalent in the United States, but limited research is available on prescription drugs misuse in the workforce. We investigated whether absenteeism and turnover are a...
Nonmedical use of prescription drugs is increasingly prevalent in the United States, but limited research is available on prescription drugs misuse in the workforce. We investigated whether absenteeism and turnover are associated with having problems linked to prescription drug misuse among employees. We also further explored the moderating effects of employee drug policy and testing on the relation between having problems linked to misuse of prescription pain relievers (PPRs) and absenteeism and turnover. This is a cross-sectional study (n = 2,249) using the 2007 U.S. national survey data ("National Survey on Drug Use and Health"). The multivariate logistic analysis results illustrate, after controlling confounding factors (gender, age, tobacco use, and heroin use), absenteeism and turnover linked to having problems of PPRs misuse. Our findings suggest the moderating effects of employee drug policy on the association between absenteeism and turnover and having problems linked to misuse of PPRs. Also, drug testing was found to moderate the link between having negative outcomes of misuse of PPRs and absenteeism. Having problems associated with misuse of PPRs is linked to absenteeism and turnover. A drug policy program including drug testing may play a significant role in reducing absenteeism and turnover in relation to having problems linked to misuse of PPRs.
Reducing healthcare disparities in the military through cultural competence.
Harris GL
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 22106545
Healthcare disparities are fast encroaching upon equal access healthcare systems like the military. While this growth has been attributed to the same antecedents as those found in the general civilian population, four ad...
Healthcare disparities are fast encroaching upon equal access healthcare systems like the military. While this growth has been attributed to the same antecedents as those found in the general civilian population, four additional assumptions are posited as contributing factors to healthcare disparities that are peculiar to the military. Research on certain segments of the veteran population in the Veterans Administration (VA) is profiled as the most analogous healthcare system to that of the military's and a meta-analysis of studies on similar populations in the military are also examined. Like the general civilian population, cultural competence is viewed as an imperative component of healthcare delivery to help to narrow the healthcare disparities gap between majority (men and whites) and minority (women and nonwhites) populations in the military.
Health services utilization, satisfaction, and attachment to a regular source of care among participants in an urban health provider alliance.
Tataw DB, Bazargan-Hejazi S, James FW
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 21847878
This study examines the effect of a provider alliance on service utilization, satisfaction , self efficacy, and attachment to a regular source of care for participating low income urban children and their families. The u...
This study examines the effect of a provider alliance on service utilization, satisfaction , self efficacy, and attachment to a regular source of care for participating low income urban children and their families. The use of Physician Assistants and community health workers to expand community outreach, primary care services, pediatric sub-specialty care, and service coordination within and between care settings improved health services utilization, satisfaction with health services, parental self efficacy in navigating the health care system for their children, and service convenience for an at-risk population. Also, the use of Physician Assistants to provide pediatric sub-specialty services did not have a negative effect on parental satisfaction with a child's care. Parents were slightly more satisfied with services received from a Physician Assistant in comparison with the physician sub- specialists in cardiology and nephrology clinics.
Human capital management in government: replacing government retirees.
Kochanowski YJ
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 21847877
Faced with high levels of senior civil servant retirement in the coming years and limited by civil service requirements, government organizations often struggle to maintain the knowledge base of previous processes and re...
Faced with high levels of senior civil servant retirement in the coming years and limited by civil service requirements, government organizations often struggle to maintain the knowledge base of previous processes and results while promoting people who are truly interested in being leaders in an agency. Upcoming generations of public sector workers do not share the same motivation and workplace characteristics of current exiting civil servants, further complicating smooth transitions of leadership. Government personnel systems for the most part are inflexible and slow to hire, and retention methods for workers do not encourage succession planning. Against this backdrop, a five-phased human capital management system, using some of the best practices found in both public and private sector organizations, is proposed as a solution for replacing government retirees with workers who are prepared for their leadership and management roles.
Adoption of an algorithm and client pathway for the aged and disabled: training implications for the health and human service sectors.
Hewitt AM, Polansky PA, Day N … +2 more , Field N, Moore A
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 21847876
OBJECTIVES: This paper reports on a state agency's training activities undertaken to totally redesign a long-term-care (LTC) delivery system as part of the national Aging and Disability Resource Center (ADRC) initiative....
OBJECTIVES: This paper reports on a state agency's training activities undertaken to totally redesign a long-term-care (LTC) delivery system as part of the national Aging and Disability Resource Center (ADRC) initiative. METHOD: Through the development of an ADRC algorithm and the implementation of a corresponding client pathway, NJ DACS, a division of aging, aligned 14 separate core functions necessary for lifespan services. A Training Academy facilitated the adoption of five new health service delivery products and processes by state and county health and human services personnel. RESULTS: Intensive training activities resulted in the algorithm and client pathway framework being successfully disseminated in all 21 counties within a short timeframe. Barriers to training were reduced and acceptance of new protocols and processes were facilitated leading to rapid adoption. Implications for training of health and human service personnel are presented. Full adoption of the complete ADRC model across the state was directly linked to agency software integration. CONCLUSIONS: Promoting standardized service delivery for the aging population through the use of an algorithm and parallel client pathway is feasible as a training model for health care service delivery.
Healthcare managers' perceptions of professional development and organizational support.
Gumus G, Borkowski N, Deckard GJ … +1 more , Martel KJ
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 21847875
PURPOSE: This article explores the participation of healthcare managers in professional development (PD) activities, the reasons for seeking PD and the perceived support of their organizations in terms of reward and reco...
PURPOSE: This article explores the participation of healthcare managers in professional development (PD) activities, the reasons for seeking PD and the perceived support of their organizations in terms of reward and recognition. METHODOLOGY: An exploratory survey was emailed to current and past members of three professional associations who share similar missions "to provide educational and networking opportunities" for their members in the southern region of Florida. FINDINGS: Findings suggest that healthcare managers and healthcare organizations both support and value personal and professional development. Certification by professional organizations appears to be a key credential for upward mobility. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS: This study serves as an initial attempt to account for the factors that explain differences in pursuing professional development activities. Given the exploratory nature of the study and low response rates, the findings provide direction for further research rather than conclusive judgments. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Continuous learning by managers and organizations should allow the healthcare industry to position itself for future challenges. ORIGINALITY: Across all settings, positions, age groups, and perceived organizational support, individuals seek professional certification suggesting recognition of the professional value associated with these certifications. The value attributed to certification and PD by healthcare managers is further demonstrated by our finding that individuals engage in these activities even in the absence of employer reimbursement.
21st century community learning centers--improving the academic performance of at-risk students: a Bronx tale.
Dodd AT, Bowen LM
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 21847874
The authors of this article report on an intervention designed to improve the academic component of an extended after-school program. The agency involved in this intervention was a non-profit community action group (CAG)...
The authors of this article report on an intervention designed to improve the academic component of an extended after-school program. The agency involved in this intervention was a non-profit community action group (CAG) agency whose mission is to improve the socio-economic well-being of the residents of Upper Manhattan, the Bronx, and New York City. The agency has a staff of 200 that serve high school students. The intervention program was designed to (1) improve the working relationship between teachers, families, and students in the after-school program, (2) develop new and innovative ways to improve the academic curricula of the after-school program, and (3) provide continuous education to stakeholders to the after-school program. Improvements in student performance relating to attendance, academic work, discipline and social behaviors were reported. The intervention reported in this article has the potential of supporting learning and developmental outcomes over time.
Symposium on training and development in the health and human services sector.
Tietje L
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 21847873
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Access to enforcement and disciplinary data: information practices of state health professional regulatory boards of dentistry, medicine and nursing.
Strong DE
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 21485614
This article describes a study of public access to enforcement and disciplinary information provided by the websites of health professional regulatory boards. The study explored the current state of transparency by speci...
This article describes a study of public access to enforcement and disciplinary information provided by the websites of health professional regulatory boards. The study explored the current state of transparency by specifically examining the availability of disciplinary data on the websites of state boards of medicine, nursing and dentistry. Web sites were reviewed regarding availability of enforcement and disciplinary data on the aforementioned state boards in each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The study found that there is more information about individual practitioners available from the boards than ever before. On the other hand, there has not been a comparable increase in information about the administrative practices and the work of the boards. Increased availability of this information would allow public administration and policy researchers to develop performance indicators of state boards and assist in improving policy decisions and allocation of resources.
Municipal health policy development, planning and implementation: addressing youth risk factors through participatory governance.
Tataw DB, Rosa-Lugo B
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 21485613
Abstract loading — click title to view on PubMed.
Racial disparities in stroke awareness: African Americans and Caucasians.
Alkadry MG, Bhandari R, Wilson CS … +1 more , Blessett B
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2011 · PMID 21485612
Considerable evidence supports the existence of racial disparities in incidence, mortality, and morbidity related to stroke. Awareness of risk factors could substantially lower the probability of stroke incidence. Awaren...
Considerable evidence supports the existence of racial disparities in incidence, mortality, and morbidity related to stroke. Awareness of risk factors could substantially lower the probability of stroke incidence. Awareness of stroke warning signs and treatment options could significantly alter the outcome of a stroke if patients immediately seek emergency help. This article examines the disparities in awareness of stroke risk factors, stroke signs, and action to be taken when stroke occurs. Survey results from 422 Caucasian Americans and 368 African Americans in West Virginia were analyzed. Significant disparities in recognition of cholesterol, smoking, prior stroke, and race as stroke risk factors were observed. The study also found a significant and substantial difference in awareness of stroke signs. There was also a significant difference in the way African Americans and Caucasians would respond to a stroke. The study found no evidence of disparities in recognition of stroke risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, obesity, alcoholism, and family history.
New tools and analyses for reducing disproportionality in child welfare and juvenile justice. Afterword.
Bell WC
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2010 · PMID 21329195
This special issue moves us forward in the discussion on disproportionality and disparate outcomes and in the identification and implementation of strategies and solutions. What is clear from this journal's articles is t...
This special issue moves us forward in the discussion on disproportionality and disparate outcomes and in the identification and implementation of strategies and solutions. What is clear from this journal's articles is that addressing the disparities of children of color in foster care will require that we take an approach that is comprehensive and inclusive to allow us get to the root causes and create real sustainable change. This means we have to address the issue not only inside child welfare but across all systems and institutions that touch the lives of children and families; not only from the perspective of the child's well being but also from the perspective of the family's well being; and not only on the local level but also on the state and federal levels through policy change that aligns with our goals to keep all children safe by strengthening families. As the articles indicate, if we are to achieve any measure of success, we must build our efforts and strategies on a foundation that embraces and encourages an integrated response. Too often child welfare and other child-serving agencies address the needs of children on a very individual basis, outside the context of their families. That is the way the system is set up. However, to improve outcomes for all children, including children of color, we have to change our paradigm from that of child welfare to that of family well being, always seeing children in the context of their families; families in the context of their communities; and any intervention in the context of an integrated family and community support network. For example, addressing child neglect associated with poverty issues requires that we not only address the needs of that child or poor families, but we must also ultimately take actions to address the needs of the poor communities in which those children and families are trying to exist. Such an integrated response leads us to acknowledge the interconnectedness of children, families and their communities and to design strategies of intervention with an understanding that only when we address causative factors across each of these three spectrums (child, family, community) can we truly create the change we seek--improved outcomes for children of color--for all children--in or at risk of entering foster care.
Who gets a second chance? An investigation of Ohio's blended juvenile sentence.
Cheesman FL, Waters NL, Hurst H
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2010 · PMID 21329194
Factors differentiating blended sentencing cases (Serious Youthful Offenders or SYOs) from conventional juvenile cases and cases transferred to the adult criminal court in Ohio were investigated using a two-stage probit....
Factors differentiating blended sentencing cases (Serious Youthful Offenders or SYOs) from conventional juvenile cases and cases transferred to the adult criminal court in Ohio were investigated using a two-stage probit. Conventional juvenile cases differed from cases selected for non-conventional processing (i.e., SYO or transfer) according to offense seriousness, number of prior Ohio Department of Youth Services placements, age and gender. Controlling for probability of selection for nonconventional processing, transfers differed from SYOs according to age, gender, and race. Minorities were significantly more likely than Whites to be transfers rather than SYOs, suggesting possible bias in the decision-making process. Objective risk and needs assessments should be used to identify the most suitable candidates for blended sentences and adult transfer and enhanced services should be provided to juvenile offenders given blended sentences.
Disproportionality at the "front end" of the child welfare services system: an analysis of rates of referrals, "hits", "misses", and "false alarms".
Mumpower JL
J Health Hum Serv Adm · 2010 · PMID 21329193
Data from NIS-4, NCANDS, and the State of California were used to analyze the front end of the child welfare services system--the referral and substantiation components--in terms of the system's ability to diagnose or de...
Data from NIS-4, NCANDS, and the State of California were used to analyze the front end of the child welfare services system--the referral and substantiation components--in terms of the system's ability to diagnose or detect instances of child maltreatment. The analyses show that Blacks are disproportionately represented in rates of referral into the system. Moreover, the analyses demonstrate that the system is less accurate for Blacks than for other racial or ethnic groups. There is a higher rate of false positives (or "false alarms") for Blacks than for other groups--that is, referrals leading to unsubstantiated findings. There is also a higher rate of false negatives (or "misses") for Blacks than for other groups--that is, children for whom no referral was made but who are in fact neglected or abused. The rate of true positives (or "hits")--children for whom a referral has been made and for whom that allegation has been substantiated--is generally higher for Blacks than for other groups, but this is attributable largely to the higher rate of referral for Blacks. In sum, the system demonstrates lower levels of accuracy for Blacks than for other groups. A model is proposed demonstrating that random error, as opposed to systematic bias, could produce a pattern of results much like that observed in the data.
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